SANLAM v MUKABAGANWA NABANDI

# SANLAM v MUKABAGANWA NABANDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2023-12-01 - Case/document no.: RCA 00348/2022/HC/KIG - Collection: High Court

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SANLAM ASSURANCES GENERAL Plc v MUKABAGANWA N’ABANDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RUKURU - RCA 00348/2022/HC/KIG (Hitimana, P.J.) 27 Ukwakira 2023] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza – Ububasha bw’inkiko – Urukiko rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha imanza z’indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka yabereye mu mahanga - Inkiko z’u Rwanda zifite ububasha bwo kuburanisha no gusuzuma indishyi z’ikomoka ku mpanuka yabereye mu mahanga mu gihe ikinyabiziga cyateje impanuka cyafashe ubwishingizi ndengamipaka mu kigo cyemewe, gikorera kandi gifite icyicaro mu Rwanda. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rukomoka ku mpanuka yabereye mu gihugu cya Uganda ikozwe n’imodokari yari ifite ubwishingizi bwa SANLAM ASSURANCES GENERAL Plc (Sanlam) ikorera kandi ifte icyicaro mu Rwanda. Iyi mpanuka yaje guhitana uwitwa Nsengimana. Abavandimwe be bahagarariwe na Mukabaganwa begereye umwishingizi basaba indishyi ariko ntibumvikana bituma batanga ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye basaba ko bahabwa indishyi zitandukanye. Urukiko rwasanze ikirego gifite ishingiro rutegeka Sanlam guha abarega indishyi zitandukanye. Sanlam yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru ivuga ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rutari rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha urwo rubanza hanyuma ubujurire bwayo burakirwa, hasuzumwa ikibazo cyo kumenya niba urukiko rwaregewe ku rwego rwa mbere rwari rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ikirego cy’impanuka yabereye mu mahanga ikozwe n’ikinyabiziga cyafashe ubwishingizi ndengamipaka mu Rwanda. Urega asobanura ko inkiko zo mu Rwanda zidafite ububasha bwo kuburanisha uru rubanza kuko impanuka yabereye mu gihugu cya Uganda bityo inkiko zo muri icyo gihugu akaba arizo zifite ububasha bwo kuruburanisha. Abaregera indishyi bo basobanura ko Urukiko rwaburanishije uru rubanza rufite ububasha kuko nubwo impanuka yabereye mu kindi gihungu ariko Sanlam yo mu Rwanda n’iyo muri Uganda ari bimwe ngo kuko bafitanye amasezerano y’imikoranire kandi Sanlam ikaba yari ifitanye amasezerano y’ubwishingizi bw’icyo kinyabiziga. Incamake y’icyemezo: Inkiko z’u Rwanda zifite ububasha bwo kuburanisha no gusuzuma indishyi z’ikomoka ku mpanuka yabereye mu mahanga mu gihe ikinyabiziga cyateje impanuka cyafashe ubwishingizi ndengamipaka mu kigo cyemewe, gikorera kandi gifite icyicaro mu Rwanda bityo ibivugwa na SANLAM ASSURANCES GENERAL Plc bikaba nta shingiro bifite kuko ifitanye amasezerano y’ubwishingizi bw’ikinyabizga cyakoze impanuka yateye urupfu ndetse ikaba ikorera kandi ifte icyicaro mu Rwanda. Ubujurire bwatanzwe nta shingiro bufite. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 269; Itegeko N° 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko, ingingo ya 16;

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Itegeko teka Nº32/75 ryo kuwa 07/08/1975 ryerekeye ubwishingizi bw’uburyozwe butegetswe ku binyabiziga bigenzwa na moteri, ingingo ya 7. Iteka rya Perezida N° 31/01 ryo ku wa 25/08/2003 rishyiraho uburyo bwo kwishyura indishyi ku bubabare bw'umubiri buturutse ku mpanuka zitewe n’ibinyabiziga, ingingo ya 13, 23. Imanza zifashishijwe: RCAA 00030/2020/CA, SONARWA na Kabagema n’Abandi, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 16/07/2021; RCA 00021/2019/HC/Rsz, SORAS Assurances Générales Ltd na Nyirahabineza Thalissa n’Abandi, rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, ku wa 31/12/2019; RCA 00247/2022/HC/Kig, Sonarwa General Insurance Company na Ndizeye Eric, rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 29/06/2023. Urubanza: I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu rukiko rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge aho Me Nyiransabimana Cecile uburanira abarega aribo Mukabaganwa Aloysie, Kubwimana Dative, Mujawashema Violette na Bigirimana Charles avuga ko tariki ya 28/04/2016 imodoka Mercedes Benz Camion ifite Plaque RAB 159 L yari itwawe na Rwabuhizi Hassan, yakoreye impanuka ahitwa Nkumbura hafi ya Kabare muri Uganda, hapfiramo umuvandimwe wabo Nsengimana Gerard, iyo modoka ikaba yari ifite ubwishingizi muri Saham Assurance yaje guhinduka Sanlam A.G Plc kandi mu byo nyiri imodoka yumvikanye n’umwishingizi harimo kwishingira chauffeur w’iyo modoka ndetse n’iby’abandi yakwangiza haba mu Rwanda cyangwa mu mahanga, nyuma y’iyo mpanuka Mukabaganwa Aloysie, Kubwimana Dative, Mujawashema Violette na Bigirimana Charles basabye Sanlam A.G Plc indishyi mu bwumvikane ariko ntiyabasubiza, ariyo mpamvu batanze ikirego basaba urukiko rwisumbuye gutegeka Sanlam A.G Plc kubishyura izo ndishyi zikomoka kuri iyo mpanuka yahitanye umuvandimwe wabo; [2] Me Mukanzigiye Donatille uburanira Sanlam A.G Plc yaburanye muri urwo rukiko atanga inzitizi yo kutakira ikirego cyatanzwe na Mukabaganwa Aloysie, Kubwimana Dative, Mujawashema Violette na Bigirimana Charles kubera ko Sanlam A.G Plc isanga urukiko rwaregewe rudafite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ikirego rwashyikirijwe, ko impanuka itabereye mu Rwanda ahubwo yabereye mu gihugu cya Uganda, ikirego kikaba cyagombye gutangwa mu rukiko rw’aho impanuka yabereye, ibyo bikaba bishingirwa ku ngingo ya 3.1.2 ya Manuel de procédure sur l’utulisation de la Carte Jaune du Comesa, ivuga ko: “En cas d’accident auquel un détenteur de la Carte Jaune est partie que le sinistre ait été déclaré au bureau émetteur ou non, l’affaire doit être réglée par le Bureau National du pays dans lequel l’accident servient”, ko imanza uhagarariye abarega yitwaza nta shingiro zahabwa kuko niba harabayeho amakosa, adakwiye gukomeza gukorwa; [3] Kuri iyo nzitizi yatanzwe na Sanlam abaregaga aribo Mukabaganwa Aloysie, Kubwimana Dative, Mujawashema Violette na Bigirimana Charles baburanirwa na Me

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Nyiransabimana Cecile ayireguraho avuga ko urukiko rwaregewe rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ikirego rwashyikirijwe, kuko hari urubanza RCA 00367/2019/HC/KIG umugore wa nyakwigendera witwa Mukandori Pascasie n’abana be baregeyemo indishyi barazitsindira, ko Sanlam A.G Plc yo muri Uganda n’iyo mu Rwanda ari zimwe, hakurikijwe amasezerano ya COMESA, bakaba bafitanye amasezerano y’imikoranire; [4] Urukiko rwisumbuye rwemeye ko ikirego cya Mukabaganwa Aloysie, Kubwimana Dative, Mujawashema Violette na Bigirimana Charles gifite ishingiro, rutegeka Sanlam A.G Plc guha abaregaga indishyi n’andi mafaranga yakoreshejwe, yose hamwe angana n‘amafaranga y’u Rwanda miliyoni eshatu n’ibihumbi ijana na cumi (3.110.000Frw); [5] Sanlam A.G Plc yajuririye urwo rubanza mu rukiko rukuru ivuga ko yagaragarije Urukiko rwisumbuye ko rwaregewe nta bubasha rufite rwo kuburanisha uru rubanza, ariko ntirwabiha agaciro rwemeza kuruburanisha rwirengagije amategeko ndetse runatanga indishyi zidafite aho zishingiye, igasaba urukiko rukuru kubikosora rukemeza ko urukiko rwaregewe ku rwego rwa mbere nta bubasha rwari rufite ndetse n’indishyi zategetswe zikavanwaho; [6] Me Nyiransabimana Cecile uburanira abaregwa mu bujurire aribo Mukabaganwa Aloysie, Kubwimana Dative, Mujawashema Violette na Bigirimana Charles yiregura avuga ko impamvu z’ubujurire za Sanlam A.G Plc nta shingiro zahabwa kubera ko imodoka yakoze impanuka yari ifite ubwishingizi muri Saham Assurance Rwanda Ltd yishingiye iby'abandi imodoka yakwangiza hanze y'u Rwanda na chauffeur gusa, kandi ko uwazize iyo mpanuka Nsengimana Gerard akaba yari undi muntu ( tierce personne) indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka yamuhitanye zikaba zigomba gutangwa na Sanlam PLC yagiranye amasezerano y'ubwishingizi na nyiri ikinyabiziga; II. IBIBAZO BIGARAGARA MU RUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYABYO. a. Ibibazo bigaragara mu rubanza. [7] Muri uru rubanza harasuzumwa ibibazo byo kumenya niba urukiko rwaregewe ku rwego rwa mbere rwari rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ikirego cy’impanuka yabereye mu mahanga ikozwe n’ikinyabiziga cyafashe ubwishingizi ndengamipaka mu rwanda, kumenya niba indishyi zagenwe zari zifite ishingiro no kumenya niba hari indishyi zatangwa muri uru rubanza; b. Isesengura ry’ibibazo bigize urubanza. Kubirebana no kumenya niba urukiko rwaregewe ku rwego rwa mbere rwari rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ikirego cy’impanuka yabereye mu mahanga ikozwe n’ikinyabiziga cyafashe ubwishingizi mu rwanda; [8] Mu mwanzuro kimwe n’ibyo Sanlam A.G Plc iburanirwa na Me Mukanzigiye Donatille yavugiye mu nama ntegura rubanza, asobanura ko mu kuburana urubanza rujuririrwa yagaragarije urukiko rwisumbuye ko rwaregewe nta bubasha rufite rwo kuburanisha urwo

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rubanza, ariko ntirwabiha agaciro, ruraruburanisha rwirengagije amategeko ndetse runatanga indishyi zidafite aho zishingiye; [9] Me Mukanzigiye Donatille uburanira Sanlam A.G Plc akomeza avuga ko nk’uko babigaragaje mu rubanza rujuririrwa, ko bashingiye ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 3.1.2 ya Manuel de procédure sur l’utilisation de la Carte Jaune du Comessa, ivuga ko: “En cas d’Accident auquel un détenteur de la Carte Jaune est partie, que le sinistre ait été déclaré au bureau émetteur ou non, l’affaire doit être réglée par le bureau National du pays dans lequel l’accident servient”, ko Sanlam A.G Plc isanga iki kirego cy’abaregwa kitari gikwiye kwakirwa ngo gisuzumwe mu mizi yacyo kuko kitari mu bubasha bw’urukiko rwaregewe, ahubwo kiri mu bubasha bw’inkiko z’aho impanuka yabereye (Uganda), ko kuba hari urubanza abarega bitwaje ko rwabayeho, umucamanza nawe akarushingiraho nk’aho ari urw’icyitegererezo, ko Sanlam A.G Plc isanga ataribyo nta n’ishingiro ryarwo kuko bagaragarije urwo rukiko ko niba harabayeho amakosa akaza kugaragara, adakwiye gukomeza gukorwa cyangwa kugenderwaho, ahubwo yakosorwa, ko aha rero umucamanza ntiyashatse kubyumva no kubiha agaciro, ariyo mpamvu basaba ko aya makosa yakosorwa, Urukiko Rukuru rugategeka ko nta bubasha urwo rukiko rwaregewe rwari rufite rwo kuburanisha urwo rubanza rujuririrwa rukaruvanaho; [10] Me Nyiransabimana Cecile uburanira abaregwa aribo Mukabaganwa Aloysie, Kubwimana Dative, Mujawashema Violette na Bigirimana Charles biregura kuri iyo nzitizi bavuga ko inzitizi y'iburabubasha yatanzwe na Sanlam A.G Plc nta shingiro yari ifite kuko imodoka yakoze impanuka ariyo Mercedes Benz Camion RAB 159L yari ifite ubwishingizi muri Saham Assurance Rwanda Ltd yishingiye iby'abandi imodoka yakwangiza hanze y'u Rwanda na chauffeur gusa, ko nyakwigendera Nsengimana Gerard akaba yari undi muntu ( tierce personne) indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka yamuhitanye zikaba zigomba gutangwa na Sanlam A.G Plc yagiranye amasezerano y'ubwishingizi na nyiri ikinyabiziga; Uko uru rukiko rubibona. [11] Urukiko rukuru rusanga impaka ziri muri uru rubanza zishingiye kumenya niba uwakoreye impanuka mu mahanga itewe n’ikinyabiziga cyafashe ubwishingizi mu Rwanda akwiye kuregera inkiko z’u Rwanda cyangwa iz’aho impanuka yabereye, kumenya urukiko rufite ububasha bwo gukemura impaka ku byerekeye iyo mpanuka; [12] Ku byerekeye impanuka yabereye mu mahanga ariko igakomeretsa umunyarwanda wari wagiye iyo mu mahanga ari mu kinyabiziga nyarwanda cyafashe ubwishingizi bwatanzwe n’ikigo gifite icyicaro gikuru mu Rwanda kigatanga ubwishingizi bwambuka imipaka (Comesa) aribwo bwishingizi ndengamipaka, uru rukiko rusanga byarafashweho umurongo mu manza zinyuranye zirimo urwa nyuma arirwo RCAA 00030/2020/CA1 rwaciwe n’urukiko rw’ubujurire, ibi ni nako byemejwe mu rubanza RCA 00021/2019/HC/Rsz2 urugereko rwa Rusizi kuwa 1Reba urubanza RCAA 00030/2020/CA rwaciwe n’urukiko rw’ubujurire kuwa 16/07/2021 rwari hagati ya SONARWA na Kabagema A. & Crt, rugaragara online: https://www.amategeko.gov.rw/document/judgement/2021_07_16_JP_Civ_CA_Kigali_KR_SONARWA%20v %20KABAG EMA%20N%27ABANDI; 2Reba Urubanza RCA 00021/2019/HC/Rsz rwaciwe n’urukiko rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi kuwa 31/12/2019 rwa SORAS Assurances Générales Ltd yajuriraga irega Nyirahabineza Thalissa & Crts baregera indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka yahitanye umuvandimwe wabo yabereye muri Congo (RDC).

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31/12/2019, uyu murongo kandi wemejwe mu rubanza RCA 00247/2022/HC/Kig3 rwaciwe n’urukiko rukuru rwa Kigali kuwa 29/06/2023 aho izo nkiko zose zemeje ko zishingiye ku mpamvu y’uko uwatanze ubwishingizi (SONARWA General Insurance Company Plc mu rubanza RCAA 000302020/CA) adahakana ko ihagarariye COMESA mu Rwanda ndetse n’impanuka yahitanye umuvandimwe w’abaregaga (Masengesho Thadée uvugwa mu rubanza RCAA 00030/2020/CA) ikaba yarabaye ku kinyabiziga gifite COMESA yellow card, rusanga kuba Kabagema Augustin na bagenzi be bararegeye urukiko rwo mu Rwanda aho uwatanze ubwishingizi (SONARWA General Insurance Company Plc) afite icyicaro gikuru nta tegeko ryishwe, urukiko rw’ubujurire rukaba rwarashingiye ku biteganywa ngingo ya 16 y’Itegeko N° 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko iteganya ibikurikira: imanza zerekeye amasosiyete y’ubucuruzi n’indi miryango ifite ubuzimagatozi itari iya Leta, ziburanishirizwa mu rukiko rwo mu ifasi irimo icyicaro cyabyo gikuru, cyangwa aho ikiburanwa kiri cyangwa aho ishami bireba riherereye; [13] Uru rukiko rusanga kandi ingingo ya 7 y’itegeko teka Nº32/75 ryo kuwa 07/08/1975 ryerekeye ubwishingizi bw’uburyozwe butegetswe ku binyabiziga bigenzwa na moteri, ivuga ko “kubw’iri tegeko teka, uwahohotewe ashobora kurega umwishingizi mu Rwanda mu rukiko rw’aho impanuka yabereye, aho atuye cyangwa se aho umwishingizi afite icyicaro”; [14] Uru rukiko rusanga kuba Sanlam iburana ivuga ko kirego cy’abaregaga ku rwego rwa mbere kitari gikwiye kwakirwa ngo gisuzumwe mu mizi yacyo kuko kitari mu bubasha bw’urukiko rwisumbuye rwaregewe, ahubwo kiri mu bubasha bw’inkiko z’aho impanuka yabereye (Uganda), ariko uru rukiko rusanga nkuko byafashweho umurongo ko inkiko z’u Rwanda zifite ububasha bwo kuburanisha no gusuzuma indishyi z’ikomoka ku mpanuka yabereye mu mahanga mu gihe ikinyabiziga cyateje impanuka cyari cyarafashwe ubwishingizi mu kigo cyemewe gikorera kandi gifite icyicaro mu Rwanda, akaba ari nako bimeze muri uru rubanza kubera ko Sanlam idahakana ko ariyo yatanze ubwishingizi ndengamipaka bw’ikinyabiziga Mercedes Benz Camion ifite Plaque RAB 159L nkuko bigaragara ku nyandiko yiswe “Assurance Automobile” yemeza ko icyo kinyabiziga gihawe Ubwishingizi na Saham Assurance (akaba ariyo yahindutse Sanlam AG Plc iregwa) kandi ko ubwo bwishingizi bugaragaza ko bwari bufite agaciro ku munsi w’impanuka kubera ko buhera tariki ya 16/02/2016 kugeza tariki ya 15/05/2016 nyamara impanuka ikaba yarabaye kuwa 28/04/2016 nkuko Police ya Uganda yabyemeje mu nyandiko y’impanuka, kuba rero hararezwe Sanlam A.G Plc yasimbuye Saham yatanze ubwo bwishingizi ndengamupaka kuko nayo itabihakana, ahubwo icyo itemera aruko yagombaga kuregwa mu Rwanda ku mpanuka yabaye muri Uganda, ko nta shingiro izo mvugo zahabwa cyane ko yemera ko ifite icyicaro mu ifasi y’urukiko rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge akaba ari naho yarezwe ndetse ubujurire bw’urubanza rukajuririrwa muri uru rukiko, bityo rukaba rwakwemeza ko urwo rukiko rwaciye urubanza rujuririrwa rwari rufite ububasha bwo kwakira no gusuzuma mu mizi urwo rubanza rwarezwemo Sanlam A.G Plc kuko ifite icyicaro gikuru mu ifasi y’urwo rukiko akaba ari nayo yatanze ubwo bwishingizi ku kinyabiziga cyateje impanuka, impamvu y’ubujurire ya Sanlam ikaba nta shingiro ihawe ku byerekeye iburabubasha bw’urukiko rwaregewe ku rwego rwa mbere; 3Reba Urubanza RCA 00247/2022/HC/Kig rwaciwe n’urukiko rukuru rwa Kigali kuwa 29/06/2023, narwo akaba ari urubanza rwari hagati ya Sonarwa General Insurance Company na Ndizeye Eric wakomereye mu mpanuka yabereye muri Tanzania.

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Ku byerekeye kumenya niba indishyi zagenwe mu rubanza rujuririrwa zari zifite ishingiro; [15] Me Mukanzigiye Donatille uburanira Sanlam A.G Plc avuga ko isanga indishyi z’ibangamirwa ku muco zahawe abaregwa nta shingiro zari zifite nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru ndetse nk’uko byagaragajwe mu iburanisha kubera ko impanuka yabereye hanze y’u Rwanda (Uganda) bakaba bagomba kuzisabira mu nkiko zo muri icyo gihugu, bivuze ko itegeko rigenga ubwishingizi bw’ibinyabiziga ndetse n’iteka rya Perezida rigenga uburyo bwo kubara indishyi ku bubabare bw’umubiri buturutse ku mpanuka zitewe n’ibinyabiziga abaregwa bashingiraho, akurikizwa ku mpanuka zabereye mu Rwanda gusa, ikindi kandi ko Sanlam A.G Plc yanagaragaje aruko n’iyo urukiko ruza gusanga koko rufite ububasha usibye ko bitanashobokaga kubera ibiteganwa n’amategeko byasobanuwe, ko izi ndishyi abaregwa batari bakwiye kuzigenerwa kuko nyakwigendera yari boy-chauffeur ku kinyabiziga cyamuhitanye atari tierce personne ku buryo abaregwa bahabwa bene izi ndishyi zishingiye ku iteka ryavuzwe, nk’uko inyandiko mvugo y’impanuka (P.V de synthèse d’Accident de Roulage) ibigaragaza, kandi nta n’ubwishingizi bwa garantie occupant cyangwa securité routiere yari yarafatiwe muri Sanlam A.G Plc na nyiri imodoka, ko ibi byose nabyo umucamanza ntiyabihaye agaciro kuko nta n’icyo yigeze abivugaho na gato; [16] Me Mukanzigiye Donatille uburanira Sanlam A.G Plc akomeza avuga ko ikindi cya nyuma yakwibutsa urukiko rukuru aruko iyo nyakwigendera ajya kuba yarafatiwe ubwishingizi bwavuzwe haruguru nk’uwari utwawe (personne transporté) (boy-chauffeur) muri iriya modoka, indishyi abarega bajyaga guhabwa hano mu Rwanda zingana na 3.000.000Frw na 300.000Frw yo kwivuza (Frais médicaux) nk’uko bigaragara kuri Assurance automobile yahawe nyiri iki kinyabiziga, ntabwo rero bari guhabwa indishyi izo arizo zose zishingiye kuri ririya teka N˚ 31/01 ryo ku wa 25/08/2003 rishyiraho uburyo bwo kwishyura indishyi ku bubabare bw’umubiri buturutse ku mpanuka zitewe n’ibinyabiziga, bakomeje kwitwaza ndetse n’Urukiko rwashingiyeho, bityo Sanlam A.G Plc ikaba isaba ko aya makosa nayo yakosorwa; [17] Me Nyiransabimana Cécile uburanira Mukabaganwa Aloysie, Kubwimana Dative, Mujawashema Violette na Bigirimana Charles avuga ko Nyakwigendera Nsengimana Gerard wazize impanuka yatewe n'ikinyabiziga gifite ubwishingizi muri Sanlam A.G Plc, mu muryango we yasize harimo nyina n'abavandimwe be aribo baregwa ubu mu bujurire, kuba urukiko rwabanje rwaremeje ko bagomba guhabwa indishyi zikomoka kuri iyo mpanuka bikaba bifite ishingiro, kandi kuba uhagarariye Sanlam A.G Plc akomeza kuvuga ko nyakwigendera yari boy chauffeur, urukiko ntirukwiye kubiha agaciro kuko nta masezerano y'akazi agaragaza nyakwigendera yari yaragiranye na nyiri ikinyabiziga ngo bibe gihamya cy'ibyo avuga, naho raporo ya police avuga yanditsemo ko yari boy chauffeur atari ikimenyetso urukiko rwashingiraho rubyemeza, kuko ikiba kigamijwe muri raporo ya polisi ari ukugaragaza uko impanuka yagenze, ko atari ukugaragaza isano abakoze impanuka bafitanye na nyiri ikinyabiziga kuko ibyo bifite ibimenyetso bibigaragaza, ko aha rero, ikimenyetso cyagaragaza ko nyakwigendera yari umukozi wa nyiri ikinyabiziga ko ari amasezerano y'akazi; Uko uru rukiko rubibona.

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[18] Uru rukiko rusanga nkuko byasobanuwe haruguru kandi nkuko bigaragara muri dosiye y’urubanza ko imodoka RAB 159L ko ariyo yakoze impanuka igahitana Nsengimana Gerard ariko ko iyo modoka yari ifite ubwishingizi ndengamipaka bwatanzwe na Saham ubu yahindutse Sanlam A.G Plc (COMESA), ko uru rukiko rishingiye ku byasobanuwe haruguru ndetse rukanashingira ku byemejwe nk’umurongo watanzwe n’urukiko rw’ubujurire ko umwishingizi wemeye gufata ubwishingizi ndengamipaka ahagarariye Comesa mu Rwanda kandi ufite icyicaro mu Rwanda ko akwiye kuregwa indishyi mu nkiko z’u Rwanda, ko rusanga ibivugwa n’uburanira uwajuriye ko Sanlam Assurance General Plc atari yo yagombaga kuryozwa ibyangijwe n’imodoka yishingiwe nta shingiro bifite, kuko Sanlam Assurance General Plc ari Biro ya COMESA ku rwego rw’Igihugu (COMESA National Bureau) ishinzwe gukemura, mu izina ry’abishingizi b’abanyamuryango bayo, ibibazo bituruka ku mpanuka zabereye mu bindi bihugu biri mu muryango wa COMESA zikozwe n’abafashe ubwishingizi ndengamipaka yatanze, kuba rero abayireze barasabye indishyi mu Rwanda bikaba bifite ishingiro; [19] Ku byerekeye ibivugwa na Sanlam A.G Plc ko uwazize impanuka yari boy chauffeur ko niyo urukiko rwisumbuye rusanga Sanlam yaryozwa indishyi ko yahabwa atarenze ahwanye na 3.000.000Frw ariko uru rukiko rusanga ibivugwa na Sanlam A.G Plc nta bimenyetso ibitangira ngo igaragaze koko ko Nsengimana Gerard wazize impanuka y’ikinyabiziga yari yishingiwe yari umukozi w’iyo modoka, akaba nta mpamvu yumvikana abahohotewe n’impanuka batagenerwa indishyi zishingiye ku ngingo ya 23 y’iteka rya perezida Perezida N° 31/01 ryo ku wa 25/08/2003 rishyiraho uburyo bwo kwishyura indishyi ku bubabare bw'umubiri buturutse ku mpanuka zitewe n’ibinyabiziga, ari nazo bagenewe n’urukiko rwisumbuye kandi n’uru rukiko rukaba rusanga zifite ishingiro cyane ko Sanlam A.G Plc itagaragaza ko nta sano abaregera izo ndishyi bafitanye mu gihe abarega bo bagaragaza ibyemezo by’amasano bari bafitanye n’uwazize impanuka; Ku byerekeye kumenya niba Abaregwa bari bakwiye kwishyurwa amafaranga yibyo bakoresheje, indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’Avoka kimwe n’igarama zaba zifite ishingiro; [20] Me Mukanzigiye Donatille uburanira Sanlam A.G Plc avuga ko amafaranga abaregwa bahawe y’ibyakoreshejwe ko isanga nta shingiro yari afite mu gihe bagaragazaga ko ikirego cyatanzwe mu rukiko rudafite ububasha ko kidakwiye kwakirwa ngo gisuzumwe mu mizi yacyo bityo bakaba bagomba kubyirengera, ko ariko umucamanza ntiyabihaye agaciro, kubera iyo mpamvu nabyo bikaba byakosorwa; [21] Me Mukanzigiye Donatille uburanira Sanlam A.G Plc akomeza avuga ko ku byerekeye amafaranga abaregwa bahawe y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’avoka ndetse n’igarama, Sanlam A.G Plc isanga nta shingiro yari afite mu gihe bagaragazaga ko ikirego cyatanzwe mu rukiko rudafite ububasha ko kidakwiye kwakirwa ngo gisuzumwe mu mizi yacyo, bityo rero Sanlam A.G Plc ikaba ntayo yari ikwiriye gutegekwa gutanga mu gihe aribo bishoye mu manza badashishoje aho bagomba gutangira ikirego cyabo, ko ahubwo aribo bari bakwiye gucibwa indishyi kubera kuyishora mu manza z’amaherere, ko nabyo umucamanza nta gaciro yabihaye, Sanlam ikaba isaba ko nabyo bikwiye gukosorwa; [22] Me Nyiransabimana Cécile uburanira Mukabaganwa Aloysie, Kubwimana Dative, Mujawashema Violette na Bigirimana Charles avuga ko abaregaga bari bakwiye gusubizwa

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amafaranga bakoresheje ku bw'iyi mpanuka hashingiwe ku kuba gusaba ndishyi kwabo no kuzihabwa bifite ishingiro nk'uko babigaragaje hejuru; [23] Me Nyiransabimana Cécile uburanira Mukabaganwa Aloysie, Kubwimana Dative, Mujawashema Violette na Bigirimana Charles akomeza avuga ko kuba abarega barahawe amafaranga y’ikurikirana rubanza, igihembo cya avocat ndetse n’amagarama ko byari bifite ishingiro kuko Sanlam A.G Plc yasabwe indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka yatewe n'ikinyabiziga yishingiye, mu bwumvikane hatiriwe habaho imanza ntiyarushya inasubiza, ko abaregwa bagana inkiko, bakoresha umu avoka, gukurikirana urubanza no gutanga igarama byose byabatangishije amafaranga; Uko uru rukiko rubibona. [24] Ku byerekeye indishyi z’ibyakoreshejwe zagenewe abaziregeraga mu rubanza rujuririrwa, rusanga mu ica ry’urwo rubanza, urukiko rwisumbuye rwageneye abavandimwe ba Nsengimana Gerard indishyi ziteganywa n’ingingo ya 13 y’iteka rya Perezida N° 31/01 ryo ku wa 25/08/2003 rishyiraho uburyo bwo kwishyura indishyi ku bubabare bw'umubiri buturutse ku mpanuka zitewe n’ibinyabiziga, ndetse runashingira ku ngingo ya 269 y’itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, izo ngingo zikaba zisobanura indishyi zo kwivuza n’ibindi byishyurwa n’umwishingizi kimwe n’utsinzwe urubanza kandi uru rukiko rukaba rusanga Sanlam A.G Plc ariyo yafashe ubwishingizi bw’ikinyabiziga cyateje impanuka ku muvandimwe w’abaregera izo ndishyi, akaba ari nayo itsindwa urubanza, kuba ivuga ko inkiko z’u Rwanda nta bubasha zari zifite mu kugena izo ndishyi nta shingiro byahawe nkuko byasobanuwe haruguru, izo ndishyi zagenwe mu bika bya 15-17 zikaba zagumaho kuko rusanga izo nkiko zazigennye zari zifite ububasha nkuko byasobanuwe haruguru; Ku birebana no kumenya niba indishyi zisabwa n’uwajuriye ndetse n’ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bifite ishingiro; [25] Me Mukanzigiye Donatille uburanira Sanlam A.G Plc avuga ko mu kuburana urubanza rujuririrwa ko ishingiye ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 110 y’itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, yasabye urukiko gutegeka abaregwa kwishyura Sanlam A.G Plc indishyi zingana na 500.000Frw zo gushorwa mu manza z’amaherere na 700.000Frw y’ikurikirana rubanza n’igihembo cy’avoka yashatse ngo ayiburanire, ariko umucamanza ntiyabiha agaciro, Sanlama ikaba isaba Urukiko Rukuru gutegeka ko zari zikwiye gutangwa ndetse hakaniyongeraho izindi nkazo ku rwego rw’ubujurire; [26] Me Nyiransabimana Cécile uburanira Mukabaganwa Aloysie, Kubwimana Dative, Mujawashema Violette na Bigirimana Charles avuga ko ikirego kiregera kwiregura cyari cyatanzwe na Sanlam A.G Plc mu rukiko rwisumbuye nta shingiro cyari gifite kuko ariyo nyirabayazana w'izi manza, ahubwo abaregwa bakaba basaba urukiko gutegeka Sanlam A.G Plc gusubiza abaregwa 1,000,000Frw y'igihembo cya avoka, na 400,000Frw y'ikurikiranarubanza (kuri byose akaba akubiyemo ayo mu rwego rwa mbere no mu bujurire) na 20,000Frw abaregwa batanzeho ingwate y'amagarama batanga ikirego mu rukiko rwisumbuye;

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Uko uru rukiko rubibona. [27] Uru rukiko rusanga ku byerekeye indishyi zisabwa n’uwajuriye ariwe Sanlam A.G Plc ariko uru rukiko rusanga nta shingiro zahabwa kuko ubwayo itsindwa, indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza ndetse n’igihembo cya avocat zisabwa na Sanlam ikaba itazigenerwa, ahubwo kuba ikomeje gushora abaregwa mu manza izi neza ko ikwiye kwishyura indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka ariko ikaba yaranze n’ubwo bwumvikane bwateje izi manza kubaho ko ariyo ikwiye kuryozwa amafaranga y’ikurikirana rubanza n’igihembo cya avocat ariko abaregwa bakagenerwa ayo ku rwego rw’ubujurire kubera ko ayo basaba yo mu rwego rwa mbere bayagenewe kandi akaba nta kiyahinduye kimwe n’amagarama bakaba barayagenewe bakaba badakwiye kuyasaba bwa kabiri mu bujurire, rukaba rwakwemeza ko bagenerwa ahwanye na 200.000Frw y’ikurikirana rubanza ndetse na 250.000Frw y’igihembo cya avocat yo mu bujurire kandi atanzwe mu bushishozi bw’urukiko kuko ayasabwa ari umurengera; III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [28] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Sanlam A.G Plc nta shingiro bufite. [29] Rwemeje ko imikirize y’urubanza RC 00161/2021/TGI/Nyge rwaciwe n’urukiko rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge kuwa 10/05/2022 idahindutse mu ngingo zayo zose. [30] Rutegetse Sanlam A.G Plc kwishyura Mukabaganwa Aloysie, Kubwimana Dative, Mujawashema Violette na Bigirimana Charles indishyi zikurikirana rubanza n’igihembo cya avocat zihwanye na 450.000Frw zo ku rwego rw’ubujurire ziyongera ku zagenwe ku rwego rwa mbere. [31] Rutegetse ko ingwate y’amagarama y’urubanza yatanzwe na Sanlam A.G Plc ahwanye na 40,000Frw itayasubizwa kubera ko ahwanye n’amagarama y’ibyakoreshejwe muri uru rubanza.