SANLAM ASSURANCES GENERALES PLC v NTEZUKOBAGIRA

SANLAM ASSURANCES GENERALES PLC v NTEZUKOBAGIRA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2022-05-31 - Case/document no.: RCA 00068/2021/HC/NYZ - Collection: High Court

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SANLAM ASSURANCES GENERALES PLC v

NTEZUKOBAGIRA [Rwanda URUKIKO RUKURU URUGEREKO RWA NYANZA - RCA 00068/2021/HC/NYZ (Uwamariya, P.J.) 31 Gicurasi 2022] Amategeko y’imanza mbonezamubano - Indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka - Guhohoterwa n'impanuka - Kuba utwaye ikinyabiziga adafite uruhushya rwo gutwara icyo kinyabiziga no kuba ikinyabiziga atwaye kidafite ubwishingizi ntibibuza ko ahabwa indishyi mu gihe icyo kinyabiziga ataricyo nyirabayazana w'iyo mpanuka. Incamake y’ikibazo: Ku wa 24 Ukuboza 2020, mu Murenge wa Tumba, Akarere ka Huye habereye impanuka yatewe na JEEP TOYOTA ifite plaque RAB 342 C, ifite ubwisingizi bwa SORAS ubu yabaye SANLAM ASSURANCES GENERALES (SANLAM), igonga uwitwa Ntezukobagira imusigira ubumuga buhoraho bungana na 50%. Ntezukobagira yakoze ibyo asabwa byose, asaba SANLAM ubwumvikane ariko ntiyahabwa igisubizo bituma atanga ikirego mu rukiko asaba ko yahabwa indishyi zinyuranye. Urukiko rwasanze ikirego gifite ishingiro rutegeka uregwa kwishyura urega indishyi zitandukanye ariko we ntiyanyurwa ajuririra urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru Urugereko rwa Nyanza. SANLAM ivuga ko urukiko rubanza rwageneye indishyi urega kandi ataragombaga kuzihabwa kuko yari atwaye ikinyabiziga kitagira ubwishingizi kandi na we ari nta ruhushya rwo gutwara ibinyabiziga afite. Avuga ko kandi abaye ari bunagenerwe indishyi mbangamirabukungu, nazo zabazwe mu buryo bumyuranyije n’amategeko kuko yagombaga guhabwa

indishyi mbangamirabukungu zingana n’umusaruro w’umwaka muto ntarengwa utarenga inshuri imwe. Ntezukobagira avuga ko ubujurire butahabwa ishingiro kuko ikinyabiziga yari atwaye atari cyo cyateje impanuka. Avuga ko kandi indishyi mbangamirabukungu zabazwe hakurikijwe formule iteganywa n’itegeko. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Kuba uwahohotewe n’impanuka atari afite uruhushya rwo gutwara ibinyabiziga, no kuba ikinyabiziga yari atwaye kitari gifite ubwishingizi, si byo byateje impanuka kuko nta kosa na rimwe uwahohotewe yaba yarakoze ryateje impanuka bityo kuvuga ko atahabwa indishyi bikaba nta shingiro bifite.

2. Inshuro imwe y'umushahara w'umwaka muto ntarengwa wemewe n'amategeko ni amafaranga agomba guherwaho babara indishyi mbangamirabukungu, ntabwo ariyo mafaranga ahabwa uwahohotewe n’impanuka udafite umurimo ahemberwa bityo indishyi mbangamirabukungu zabariwe Ntezukobagira hakoreshejwe iyi formule, bikurikije amategeko. Ubujurire bwa SANLAM nta shingiro bufite; Urubanza RC 00078/2020/TGI/HYE rwajuririwe ruhindutse gusa ku bikosowe. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 141

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Iteka rya Perezida No 31/01 ryo ku wa 25/08/2003 rishyiraho uburyo bwo kwishyura indishyi ku bubabare bw'umubiri buturutse ku mpanuka zitewe n’ibinyabiziga, ingingo ya 18, 19. Iteka rya perezida No 85/01 ryo ku wa 2/9/2002 rishyiraho amabwiriza rusange agenga imihanda n’uburyo bwo kuyigendamo, ingingo ya 15. Nta manza zifashishijwe Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA. [1] Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Huye Ntezukobagira Venuste arega SANLAM indishyi zikomaka ku mpanuka zingana na 12.480.140 frw. [2] Umuhagarariye yasobanye ko tariki ya 24/12/2020, mu Murenge wa Tumba, Akarere ka Huye, Intara y’Amajyepfo habereye impanuka yatewe na JEEP TOYOTA ifite plaque RAB 342 C, ifite ubwisingizi bwa SORA ubu yabaye SANLAM ASSURANCES GENERALES, igonga uwitwa Ntezukobagira Venuste mu buryo bukomeye kuko yamusigiye ubumuga buhoraho bungana na 50%. [3] Yakomeje avuga ko Ntezukobagira Venuste yakoze ibyo asabwa byose, asaba ko habaho ubwumvikane, nyamara ngo SANLAM akaba nta gisubizo yamuhaye, ari yo mpamvu yahisemo kuregera urukiko ngo ahabwe ibyo amategeko amuteganyiriza. [4] Ntezukobagira Venuste yasabye guhabwa indishyi mbangamirabukungu zingana na 6.785.714 frw, indishyi z’akababaro zingana na 1.800.000 frw, indishyi z’ibangamiraburambe ku kazi zingana na 900.000 frw, amafaranga yo kwivuza angana na 81.000 frws, igihembo cya Avoka kingana na 1.000.000 frw, ingendo +

restaurarion 100.000 frw, 5000 frw yatanzwe ku byemezo by’irangamimerere, kugura dossier 8400 frw, indishyi zose hamwe zikaba zingana na 12.480.140 frw. [5] Uburanira SANLAM ASSURANCES GENERALES yireguye avuga ko Ntezukobagira Venuste wagonzwe ikinyabiziga yari atwaye nta bwishingizi cyari gifite, ndetse ko nta n’uruhushya rwo gutwara ikinyabiziga yari afite, SANLAM ikabishingiraho isaba ko atakwemererwa indishyi zose asaba. [6] Urukiko rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ikirego rwashyikirijwe na Ntezukobagira Venuste gifite ishingiro, rutegeka SANLAM ASSURANCES GENERALES kwishyura Ntezukobagira Venuste indishyi mbangamirabukungu zingana na 6.785.714 frw, iz’akababaro: 1.800.000 frw, iz’imbangamiraburambe ku kazi: 1.080.000 frws, indishyi z’ibyakoreshejwe: 741.426 frw, indishyi zose hamwe SANLAM ASSURANCES GENERALES KIGALI yategetswe kwishyura zihwana na 10.407.140 frw. [7] SANLAM ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza irujuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru Uregereko rwa Nyanza. Isobanura ko yajuriye kuko urukiko ku rwego rwa mbere rwirengagije imyiregurire

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yabo, Ntezukobagira Venuste akaba ataragombaga guhabwa indishyi kuko yari atwaye ikinyabiziga kitagira ubwishingizi kandi na we ari nta ruhushya rwo gutwara ibinyabiziga afite. Avuga ko kandi abaye ari bunagenerwe indishyi mbangamirabukungu, nazo zabazwe mu buryo bumyuranyije n’amategeko kuko yagombaga guhabwa izingana n’umusaruro w’umwaka muto ntarengwa, akaba kandi ari nta ndishyi z’uburambe mu kazi yagombaga guhabwa mu gihe nta murimo uzwi yakoraga yabashije kugaragariza urukiko. [8] Uburanira Ntezukobagira Venuste avuga ko impamvu z’ubujurire za SANLAM zitagomba guhabwa ishingiro kuko nta cyabuza Ntezukobagira Venuste guhabwa indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka, kuko ikinyabiziga yari atwaye atari cyo cyateje impanuka. Avuga ko kandi indishyi mbangamirabukungu zabazwe hakurikijwe formule iteganywa n’itegeko, naho indishyi z’ibangamiraburambe ku kazi akaba yaragombaga kuzihabwa kuko bagaragaje ibimenyetso byuko ari umumotari. [9] Yasabye kandi ko amakosa y’imyandikire yakozwe mu rubanza yakosorwa n’Urukiko Rukuru, yuririra no ku bujuririre bwa SANLAM asaba ko indishyi z’ibangamira ry’uburanga urukiko rutagize icyo ruvugaho ku rwego rwa mbere yazihabwa, asaba n’indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’avoka mu bujurire. • Icyo urukiko rugomba gusuzuma muri uru rubanza, ni ukumenya niba Ntezukobagira Venuste ataragombaga kugenerwa indishyi kuko ngo yari atwaye ikinyabiziga

kidafite ubwingizi nta n’uruhushya rwo gutwara ibinyabiziga afite, kumenya niba indishyi mbangamirabukungu zahawe Ntezukobagira Venuste zarabazwe mu buryo bunyuranije n’amategeko, kumenya niba Ntezukobagira Venuste ataragombaga kugenerwa indishyi z'ibangamiraburambe kuva ari nta murimo uzwi yakoraga, kumenya niba Ntezukobagira Venuste yahabwa indishyi z’ibangamira ry’uburanga zitavuzweho n’urukiko ku rwego rwa mbere, kumenya niba indishyi z’akababaro zatanzwe ku rwego rwa mbere zakosorwa, no gusuzuma indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’avoka zisabwa kuri uru rwego rw’ubujurire. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA - Kumenya niba Ntezukobagira Venuste ataragombaga kugenerwa indishyi kuko ngo yari atwaye ikinyabiziga kidafite ubwingizi nta n’uruhushya rwo gutwara ibinyabiziga afite [10] Uburanira SANLAM avuga ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Huye rutahaye ishingiro imyiregurire ya Sanlam AG Plc ku ruhare rwa Ntezukobagira Venuste wari utwaye ikinyabiziga kitagira ubwishingizi nta n'uruhushya rwo gutwara ibinyabiziga yari afite. [11] Asobanura ko ku rwego rwa mbere Sanlam AG Plc yagaragarije Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Huye ko nta ndishyi zigomba gutangwa kubera uruhare rwa Ntezukobagira Venuste rwo kujyana ikinyabiziga mu muhanda mu buryo bunyuranyije n'amategeko kuko ikinyabiziga yari atwaye kitari cyemerewe kujyanwa mu muhanda kubera ko nta bwishingizi cyari gifite. Na nanone

ngo yagonzwe yagiye mu muhanda gutwara ikinyabiziga nta ruhushya rwo gutwara ibinyabiziga afite, ko iyo ataza kujya mu muhanda mu buryo bunyuranyije n'amategeko atari kugongwa, kubera izo mpamvu, bagasaba ko Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza gusuzuma uruhare rwa Ntezirembo Venuste mu ikorwa ry'impanuka, bityo indishyi zari zatanzwe ku rwego rwa mbere zikavanwaho hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 2 y'Itegeko no 41/2001 ryo kuwa 19/09/2001

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ryerekeye imyishyurire y'abangirijwe n'impanuka zitewe n'ibinyabiziga bigenzwa na moteri kandi bigenda ku butaka, rugashingira no ku ngingo ya 6 y'iteka rya perezida N° 85/01 ryo ku wa 02/09/2002 rishyiraho amabwiriza rusange agenga imihanda n'uburyo bwo kuyigendamo ivuga ko ntawe ushobora gutwara ikinyabiziga kigendeshwa na moteri mu nzira nyabagendwa adafite kandi atitwaje uruhushya rwo gutwara ibinyabiziga rwatanzwe na Polisi y’igihugu, ndetse no ku ngingo ya 2 y'Itegeko-Teka No 32/75 ryo kuwa 07/06/1975 ryerekeye ubwishingizi budakuka ku buryozacyaha ku birebana n'ibinyabiziga, nk'uko ryavuguruwe kugeza ubu, iteganya ko nta muntu wemerewe kugendesha ikinyabiziga mu muhanda atagifitiye ubwishingizi. [12] Uburanira Ntezukobagira Venuste avuga ko iyi mpamvu ngo nta shingiro ifite kuko Urukiko rwaciye urubanza mu bushishozi bwarwo rushingiye ku mvugo z’ababuranyi no ku bimenyetso rwashyikirijwe. Ngo kuba impanuka yarabaye uwo munsi ubwishyingizi bw’icyo kinyabiziga bwarangiye, avuga ko bitamubuza uburenganzira bwo guhabwa indishyi zikomoka mpanuka yakorewe kuko ngo atari we wateje impanuka, bagasaba ko urubanza rwaciwe rugumaho mu ngingo zarwo zose.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [13] Urukiko rubona ko nkuko bigaragazwa n’inyandiko mvugo y’ahabereye impanuka, umupolisi wayikoze avuga ko ashingiye ku nyandiko mvugo z’ababjijwe, bashingiye ku miterere y’umuhanda impanuka yabereyemo, basanga impanuka yaratewe no kubuza uburenganzira bwo gutambuka mbere ku kinyabiziga kibyemerewe byakozwe na Ndayishimiye Léonard bityo akaba atarubahirije ibivugwa mu ngingo ya 15 y'iteka rya perezida No 85/01 ryo ku wa 2/9/2002 rishyiraho amabwiriza rusange agenga imihanda n’uburyo bwo kuyigendamo. Urukiko ruributsa ko uyu Ndayishimiye Léonard ari we wari utwaye iki kinyabiziga RAB 342 cyateje impanuka. [14] Urukiko rubona ko kuba uwahohotewe n’impanuka atari afite uruhushya rwo gutwara ibinyabiziga, no kuba ikinyabiziga yari atwaye kitari gifite ubwishingizi, si byo byateje impanuka kuko nta kosa na rimwe iyi nyandiko mvugo ivuga uyu wahohotewe n’impanuka Ntezukobagira Venuste yaba yarakoze ryateje impanuka. [15] Kuba rero Ntezukobagira Venuste nta kosa yakoze ryateje impanuka, ibyo SANLAM yitwaza ko atahabwa indishyi zikomoka kuri iyi mpanuka bikaba ari nta shingiro bigomba guhabwa. - Kumenya niba indishyi mbangamirabukungu zahawe Ntezukobagira Venuste zarabazwe mu buryo bunyuranije n’amategeko [16] Uhagarariye SANLAM avuga ko urukiko rwirengagije uruhare rwa Ntezukobagira Venuste rumugenera indishyi, iz’ibangamirabukungu n'iz'akababaro zikaba

zarabazwe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’ibyo amategeko ateganya. Asobanura ko mu gika cya 13 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko rwabaze indishyi mbangamirabukungu hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 18 y’Iteka rya Perezida nº31/01 ryo ku wa 25/08/2003 rishyiraho uburyo bwo kwishyura indishyi ku bubabare bw’umubiri buturutse ku mpanuka zitewe n’ibinyabiziga, maze rubara izo ndishyi mu buryo bukurikira: 3000frws x 30 x 12 frw x 19 ans x 50 % :1+(31 x 8%) = 4.071.428 frw.

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[17] Avuga ko ingingo ya 9, agaka ka mbere y’itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ko Umucamanza aca urubanza ashingiye ku ngingo z’amategeko zirebana n’ikirego yaregewe. Ngo iyo usesenguye ibivugwa muri iyo ngingo ya 18 y’Iteka rya Perezida ryo mu 2003, usanga abagenerwa indishyi bari mu byiciro bitatu, nyamara Umucamanza akaba atagaragaza ko habaye isesengura ngo agaragaze uhabwa indishyi icyiciro abarizwamo ari nacyo cyagombaga gushingirwaho ahabwa indishyi nk’uko amategeko abiteganya. [18] Avuga ko icyiciro cya mbere giteganya indishyi ku bantu bahohotewe bari basanzwe bafite umushahara bahabwa amafaranga abarwa hakurikijwe igihembo umuntu atahana, urwego rw'ubumuga n'imyaka ye (paragraphe 2), icya kabiri giteganya indishyi ku bantu bahohotewe bahembwa umushahara bamaze igihe kitarenze amezi atandatu badakora, bahabwa amafaranga abarwa hakurikijwe igihembo cyabo cya nyuma batahana, urwego rw'ubumuga n'imyaka yabo (paragraphe 3), icya 3 kigateganya indishyi ku bantu bahohotewe bakora umurimo adahemberwa, cyangwa iyo bakoraga gusa imirimo yo mu rugo, cyangwa se iyo ababafiteho uburenganzira badashobora kwerekana umusaruro wabo nyakuri ukomoka ku murimo, kandi niba bari bafite imyaka irenze 16 igihe cy'impanuka, amafaranga bagomba guhabwa akazabarwa bahereye ku ifatizo ry'inshuro imwe y'umushahara

w'umwaka muto ntarengwa wemewe n'amategeko. [19] Avuga ko ngo SALNAM ishingiye ku biteganywa mu ngingo bamaze kugaragaza, byumvikana mu buryo budashidikanywaho ko abahohotewe n’impanuka bishyurwa indishyi mbangamirabukungu hashingiwe ku cyo binjizaga mbere y’impanuka kandi bigatangirwa ibimenyetso. Ngo muri make basanga muri uru rubanza Ntezukobagira Venuste ari mu cyiciro cya gatatu ari nayo mpamvu agomba kwishyurwa hashingiwe ku biteganywa mu gika cya 4 bityo indishyi mbangamirabukungu zikabarwa mu buryo bukurikira: inshuro imwe y’umushahara w’umwaka muto ntarengwa wemewe n’amategeko (1×3000×30×12 = 1,080,000 frw), kuko n’urukiko ubwarwo mu gika cya 13 rwavuze ko nta musaruro uzwi Ntezukobagira yatahanaga. [20] Uburanira Ntezukobagira avuga ko ibyo SANLAM AG PLC ivuga kuri iyi ngingo nta shingiro bifite kuko Urukiko rwafashe icyemezo rushingiye ku mategeko agenga itangwa ry’indishyi zikomoka ku binyabinziga no ku bimenyetso byatanzwe n’impande zombi, Ntezukobagira Venuste akaba afite uburenganzira ku ndishyi mbangamirabukungu n’iz’akababaro zikomoka ku mpanuka nkuko ziteganywa n’amategeko. [21] Arasaba ahubwo ko uko indishyi mbangamirabukungu zabazwe byakosorwa kuko zabariwe kuri SMG ya 3000 frw kandi bari berekanye ko Ntezukobagira ari umumotari, zikaba zabarirwa kuri 5000 frw umumotari akorera ku munsi bityo zigahwana na 6.785.714 Frw nkuko bari bayasabye urukiko rukanayategeka mu cyemezo cyarwo.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [22] Ingingo ya 18 igika cya 4 n’icya 5 y’Iteka rya Perezida No31/01 ryo ku wa 25/08/2003 rishyiraho uburyo bwo kwishyura indishyi ku bubabare bw'umubiri buturutse ku mpanuka zitewe n’ibinyabiziga iteganya ko iyo uwahohotewe akora umurimo adahemberwa, cyangwa iyo yakoraga gusa imirimo yo mu rugo, cyangwa se iyo abamufiteho uburenganzira badashobora kwerekana umusaruro we nyakuri ukomoka ku murimo, kandi niba yari afite imyaka irenze 16

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igihe cy'impanuka, amafaranga agomba guhabwa azabarwa bahereye ku ifatizo ry'inshuro imwe y'umushahara w'umwaka muto ntarengwa wemewe n'amategeko. Indishyi izakorwa mu buryo bukurikira: Umusaruro w'umwaka umuntu atahana X umubare w'imyaka, ashigaje kubaho akora X ijanisha ry'ubumuga. Amafaranga: ——————————— ——————.-———————————— 1 + (igipimo cy'ibitsa X umubare w'imyaka ashigaje kubaho akora). Ibyo ari byo byose, iyo ndishyi ntigomba kurenga, yose hamwe, inshuro mirongo inani umushahara w'umwaka muto ntarengwa wemewe n'amategeko. [23] Urukiko rubona neza ko nkuko iyi ngingo ibiteganya inshuro imwe y'umushahara w'umwaka muto ntarengwa wemewe n'amategeko ni amafaranga agomba guherwaho babara indishyi mbangamirabukungu, ntabwo ariyo mafaranga ahabwa uwahohotewe n’impanuka udafite umurimo ahemberwa. Kubera izi mpamvu, iyi mpamvu y’ubujurire ya SANLAM ikaba itagomba guhabwa ishingiro, kuko indishyi mbangamirabukungu zabariwe Ntezukobagira Venuste ku rwego rwa mbere hakoreshejwe iyi formule, bikurikije amategeko. [24] Ibyo uburanira Ntezukobagira avuga ko byakosorwa zikabarirwa ku mushahara yatahanaga ungana na 5.000 frw kuko yari umumotari, urukiko rurasanga ibimenyetso batanga bahamya ko yari umumotari urukiko rutagomba kubiha agaciro kuko uruhushya rwo gutwara ibinyabiziga atari rwo rugaragaza ko yari umumotari, naho ikarita batanze igaragaza ko yari umunyamuryango wa Cooperative

intambwe Motar de Huye, igaragara ko yari ifite agaciro kava mu 2015 kugeza muri 2017, urukiko rukabona ko mu gihe yakoraga impanuka atari umumotari kuko yakoze impanuka ku wa 24/12/2020 iyi karita itagifite agaciro. Ari nayo mpamvu urukiko ku rwego rwa mbere mu kubara indishyi mbangamirabukungu rwashingiye kuri SMG ya 3000 frw. [25] Urukiko rurasanga harabayeho kwibeshya k’urukiko mu myandikire ya formule (nubwo bitagize icyo bihindura ku ndishyi mbangamirabukungu urukiko rwabonye ko ari zo Ntezukobagira agomba guhabwa), kuko hasi aho gukuba igipimo cy’ibitsa n’imyaka asigaje kubaho akora uko ari 19 (kuko Ntezukobagira yavutse mu 1974 akora impanuka ku wa 24/12/2020), rwakubye na 31 urukiko rutabona aho byaturutse. Bityo bikaba bigomba gukosorwa bikandikwa mu buryo bukurikira: (3000frw x 30 x12 frw x 19 ans x 50 % = 4.071.428 frw. 1+(31 x 8%) 2.52. [26] Urukiko ahubwo rubona ko kuba mu cyemezo cy’urukiko rwarategetse SANLAM guha Ntezukobagira indishyi mbangamirabukungu zingana na 6.785.714 frws ari ikosa rigomba gukosorwa n’urukiko Rukuru, hakandikwa 4.071.428 frw kuko ari zo z’ukuri. - Kumenya niba Ntezukobagira Venuste ataragombaga kugenerwa indishyi z'ibangamiraburambe kuva ari nta murimo uzwi yakoraga [27] Uburanira SANLAM AG PLC avuga ko urukiko rwirengagije itegeko rugenera Ntezukobagira Venuste indishyi z'ibangamiraburambe mu kazi mu gihe nta mwuga yagaragaje yakoraga bityo ngo abe yaragaragaje uburyo uwo mwuga wabangamiwe ku buryo atakongera kuwukora. Avuga ko ingingo ya 19 y’Iteka rya Perezida Nº31/01 ryo ku wa 25/08/2003 rishyiraho uburyo bwo kwishyura indishyi ku bubabare bw’umubiri buturutse ku mpanuka

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zitewe n’ibinyabiziga iteganya ko amafaranga atangwa ku ibangamira ry'uburambe mu kazi adashobora kurenga umusaruro w'amezi atandatu kandi atarengeje inshuro 30 z'umushahara w'umwaka muto ntarengwa wemewe n'amategeko. Ibi ngo byumvikanisha ko umuntu wese udafite umwuga uzwi ngo abashe kwerekana umusaruro avana mu bikorwa bye adahabwa bene izi ndishyi kuko aba adashobora kwerekana uburyo impanuka yabangamiye uwo mwuga; kubera iyo mpamvu, bagasaba Urukiko Rukuru, kuvanaho indishyi zingana na Frw 1.080.000 zari zatanzwe ku rwego rwa mbere ku ibangamiraburambe mu kazi. [28] Uburanira Ntezukobagira Venuste avuga ko iyi ngingo nayo nta shingiro ifite kuko mu rubanza rujuririrwa, bagaragarije urukiko ko Ntezukobagira Venuste akora umwuga w’ubumotari nkuko bigaragazwa n’icyemezo cya koperative yakoreragamo.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [29] Urukiko rubona ko indishyi z’ibangamira ry'uburambe mu kazi, ingingo ya 19 y'iteka rya Perezida No 31/01 ryo kuwa 25/08/2003 iziteganyiriza abantu bo mu byiciro bibiri. Icyiciro cya mbere kigizwe n’ abanyeshuri bo mu mashuri yisumbuye, abo mu mashuri y'imyuga, abo mu mashuri makuru cyangwa andi angana na yo. Naho icyiciro cya kabiri kikagirwa n’abari basanzwe bakora. Isobanura ko kuri bariya banyeshuri, amafaranga agomba gutangwa adashobora kurenga umushahara w'umwaka muto ntarengwa wemewe n'amategeko. Naho ku wari usanze akora, ayo mafaranga agarukira gusa ku mezi atandatu y'umusaruro abazwe kandi atarengeje inshuro 30 umushahara w'umwaka muto ntarengwa wemewe n'amategeko. [30] Nkuko ingingo ya 18 y’iri teka ibiteganya, uhabwa indishyi mbangamirabukungu zibariwe kuri SMG si udakora, ahubwo ni usanzwe akora ariko umurimo ukaba udahemberwa, ukora imirimo yo mu rugo, cyangwa se iyo abamufiteho uburenganzira badashobora kwerekana umusaruro we nyakuri ukomoka ku murimo, kandi afite imyaka irenze 16 y’amavuko igihe cy'impanuka. [31] Urukiko rurebye imiterere y’iyi ngingo ya 18, rukayihuza n’iyi ya 19 ku birebana n’indishyi z’ibangamira ry’uburambe ku kazi, icyiciro cya kabiri cy’abari basanzwe bakora nticyajyamo gusa abasanzwe bakorera umushahara uzwi, ahubwo n’aba bavugwa mu ngingo ya 18 badafite imirimo ihemberwa cyangwa badashobora kugaragaza umusaruro

nyakuri ukomoka ku murimo bagomba gushyirwamo kuko muri iyi ngingo ya 18 havugwa abasanzwe bakora. Ku musaruro, ingingo ya 18 itanga igisubizo, kuko umusaruro wabo ubarwa hashingiwe kuri SMG. Kubera izi mpamvu, urukiko rurasanga Ntezukobagira Venuste agomba kuzihabwa. [32] Urukiko Rukuru rurasanga indishyi mbangamiraburambe ku kazi Ntezukobagira Venuste agomba guhabwa zingana n’umusaruro abazwe w’amezi atandatu, bityo agahabwa 3000x30x6= 540.000 frw. Urukiko rukabona ko ayo yabariwe ku rwego rwa mbere angana na 1.080.000 frw agomba gusimbuzwa aya abazwe mu bujurire kuko ariyo akurikije itegeko.  Ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi - Kumenya niba Ntezukobagira Venuste yahabwa indishyi z’ibangamira ry’uburanga zitavuzweho n’urukiko ku rwego rwa mbere

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[33] Uburanira Ntezukobagira Venuste avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwamugenera indishyi z’ibangamira ry’uburanga zingana na 5000 Frw x 30 jours x 12 mois x 100% = 1.800.000 Frw bari basabye ku rwego rwa mbere ariko urukiko ntirugire icyo ruzivugaho. [34] Uburanira SANLAM avuga ko izi ndishyi ziramutse zitanzwe zabarirwa kuri SMG.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [35] Ingingo ya 19 y’Iteka rya Perezida No 31/01 ryo ku wa 25/08/2003 rishyiraho uburyo bwo kwishyura indishyi ku bubabare bw'umubiri buturutse ku mpanuka zitewe n’ibinyabiziga iteganya ko Ibangamira ry'uburanga ritangirwa indishyi, ko ariko kwa muganga barigereranya bakurikije ikigereranyo cy'inzego 6. [36] Urukiko rurasanga nubwo ku rwego rwa mbere Ntezukobagira yasabye izi ndishyi, ariko nta kigereranyo yavanye kwa muganga yigeze ashyikiriza urukiko ngo giherweho ruzimubarira. Kandi no mu Rukiko Rukuru nabwo nubwo azisaba icyo kigereranyo muganga atanga ntiyigeze ajya kucyaka ngo agishyikirize urukiko, ngo na rwo rugire aho ruhera ruzimubarira. Gushingira rero ku ngano y’ubumuga akavuga ko afite ibangamira ry’uburanga rikomeye, urukiko rurasanga binyuranye n’ibyo iri teka rivuga, bityo urukiko rwa mbere rukaba ari nta cyo rwirengagije, kandi n’urukiko Rukuru rukaba rutagomba kuzimugenera kuko nta kimenyetso yatanze rwaheraho ruzigena.  Ibindi bisabwa gukosorwa Kumenya niba indishyi z’akababaro zatanzwe ku rwego rwa mbere zakosorwa. [37] Uburanira Ntezukobagira Venuste avuga ko indishyi z’akababaro urukiko rwamugeneye zakosorwa kuko bari basabye izingana na 1.080.000frw, urukiko rumugenera izingana na 1.800.000 frw, agasaba ko byakosorwa kuko izo basaba arizo ziteganywa n’amategeko. [38] Uburanira SANLAM avuga ko gukosora urubanza bisabwa mu Rukiko rwaciye urwo rubanza, bityo ibi basaba bakaba bagomba kubisaba Urukiko rwisumbuye rwaciye uru rubanza. Avuga ko ziramutse zinatanzwe zabarirwa kuri SMG.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [39] Ingingo ya 141 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, iteganya ko uwifuza ko urubanza rukosorwa cyangwa rusobanurwa kandi rwarajuririwe, abigaragaza mu mwanzuro, Urukiko rwajuririwe rukabisuzumira hamwe n’izindi ngingo z’ubujurire. Muri icyo gihe Urukiko rwo hasi ntiruba rugifite ububasha bwo gukosora ayo makosa. [40] Urukiko rushingiye kuri iyi ngingo, rurasanga ibyo uburanira SANLAM avuga bidafite ishingiro, urubanza rukaba rugomba gukosorwa n’urukiko rwajuririwe.

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[41] Ingingo ya 19 y’Iteka rya Perezida No31/01 ryo ku wa 25/08/2003 rishyiraho uburyo bwo kwishyura indishyi ku bubabare bw'umubiri buturutse ku mpanuka zitewe n’ibinyabiziga iteganya ko Pretium doloris cyangwa indishyi y'akababaro zigenwa hakurikije ibangamira rigereranijwe no kwa muganga, rikaba rigereranywa hakurikijwe ikigereranyo cy'inzego 4, mu kurigereranya hakaba hashingirwa ku gipimo cy’ubumuga buhoraho uwahohotewe n’impanuka afite. Urukiko rukaba rubona ko Ntezukobagira Venuste yagize ibangamira rikomeye kuko yagize ubumuga buhoraho buri hagati ya 41 kugera kuri 75%, ni ukuvuga bwa 50%, akaba agomba guhabwa indishyi zijyanye na bwo zingana na 100% by'umushahara w'umwaka muto ntarengwa, ni ukuvuga 3000x30x12= 1.080.000frw - Gusuzuma indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’avoka zisabwa kuri uru rwego rw’ubujurire [42] Uburanira Ntezukobagira Venuste arasaba indishyi z’igihembo cy’Avoka mu rwego rw'Ubujurire, no guhabwa 200.000frw y'ikurikiranarubanza. [43] Izi ndishyi ntacyo uburanira SANLAM azivugaho.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [44] Kuba ubujurire bwa SANLAM budafite ishingiro, urukiko rubona ko ariyo igomba kuryozwa indishyi z’igihembo cy’avoka mu bujurire zingana na 325.000 frw ahwanye na ½ cy’izari zatanze ku rwego rwa mbere, naho ay’ikurikianarubanza Ntezukobagira asaba akaba atagomba kuyahabwa kuko mu bujurire atiburaniye cyangwa ngo yunganirwe, ahubwo yaburaniwe na avoka. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO. [45] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa SANLAM budafite ishingiro. [46] Rwemeje ko ubusabe bwa Ntezukobagira Venuste bwuko urubanza rwakosorwa bufite ishingiro. [47] Rwemeje ko urubanza RC 00078/2020/TGI/HYE rwajuririwe ruhindutse gusa ku bikosowe. [48] Rutegetse

SANLAM

ASSURANCES

GENERALES PLC kwishyura Ntezukobagira Venuste indishyi zikurikira: - Indishyi mbangamirabukungu: 4.071.428 frw - Indishyi z’akababaro: 1.080.000frw - Indishyi z’ibangamiraburambe ku kazi: 540.000 frw. - Indishyi z’ibyakoreshejwe: 741.426 frws - Indishyi z’igihembo cy’avoka mu bujurire: 325.000 frw

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- Indishyi zose hamwe zigahwana n’amafaranga y’u Rwanda miriyoni esheshatu n’ibihumbi magana arindwi na miringo itanu na birindwi na magana inani na mirongo itanu n’ane (6.757.854 frw). [49] Rutegetswe ko 40.000 frw

SANLAM yatanzeho ingwate ijurira ayihererezwaho.