UBUSHINJACYAHA v SIBOMANA

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v SIBOMANA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-12-29 - Case/document no.: RPAA 01230/2024/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v SIBOMANA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE- RPAA 01230/2024/CA (Nyirandabaruta, P.J.) 29 Ukuboza 2025] Amategeko agenga imanza z’inshinjabyaha – Gutunda ibiyobyabwenge - Gutunda ibiyobyabwenge ni ugukura ibiyobyabwenge ahantu ukabijyana ahandi. Icyo cyaha kigizwe n’igikorwa cyo gukura ibiyobyabwenge ahantu ubijyana ahandi (élément materiel), naho ubushake bwo gukora icyaha (élément moral) bukaba bugizwe no kuba uwatunze ibiyobyabwenge azi neza ko atwaye urumogi ndetse akaba yari asanzwe azi ko gutwara urumogi ari icyaha kandi icyakozwe akaba ari igikorwa giteganywa kandi kigahanwa n’ingingo y’amategeko (élément légal). Amategeko agenga imanza z’inshinjabyaha - Icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge - Umuntu ntagirwa umucuruzi w’ibiyobyabwenge no kuba hari abaguzi babonetse aho acururiza, ahubwo igihe cyose afite ibicuruzwa kandi yiteguye kubiha umuntu wese umugana ashaka ibyo agurisha, aba ari umucuruzi w’ibiyobyabwenge. Incamake y’ikibazo: Sibomana yafatanwe udupfunyika 381 tw’urumogi yari yahishe mu birayi yari avanye i Rubavu aruzanye i Kigali. Ubushinjacyaha bwamureze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge icyaha cyo gufatanwa no gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge, we yemera gusa icyaha cyo gufatanwa ibiyobyabwenge. Urukiko rwasanze uregwa ahamwa n’icyaha cyo kugurisha ibiyobyabwenge, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 20 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000Frw. Uregwa yajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko Rukuruavuga ko urumogi yafatanywe atari urwo gucuruza, ko yahanirwa icyaha cyo kurufatanwa aho kuba kurucuruza ariko nyuma aza kwemera icyaha cyo gucuruza no gufatanwa urumogi asaba imbabazi asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano. Urukiko rwasanze ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite. Sibomana yatanze ubujurire bwa kabiri mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, maze hasuzumwa ikibazo cyo kumenya niba kumenya niba Sibomana yaragombaga guhanirwa icyaha cyo gufatanwa urumogi aho guhanirwa icyo kurucuruza. Uregwa asobanura ko urumogi yafatanwe rutari urwe kandi akaba atarazi ko mu birayi atwaye harimo urumogi. Akomeza avuga ko ibyo birayi yabihawe na Mushberejiki ngo abizanire Mukagakuba i Kigali, ahageze baramufata basanga harimo urumogi bityo akaba asanga akwiye guhanirwa gufatanwa urumogi gusa. Yanasabaga kandi kugabanyrizwa igihano, ariko urukiko ruza gusanga iyi ngingo itarigeze iburanishwa mu Rukiko Rukuru. Ubushinjacyaha buvaga ko ibivugwa n’uregwa nta shingiri bifite kuko yavuye i Rubavu azi neza ko azanye urumogi, aruzaniye Mukagatare nk’uko byemezwa na Mukagatare bityo akaba akwiye guhanirwa icyaha cyo gucuruza no gufatanwa ibiyibyabwenge. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Gutunda ibiyobyabwenge ni ugukura ibiyobyabwenge ahantu ukabijyana ahandi. Icyo cyaha kigizwe n’igikorwa cyo gukura ibiyobyabwenge ahantu ubijyana ahandi (élément materiel), naho ubushake bwo gukora icyaha (élément moral) bukaba bugizwe no kuba uwatunze ibiyobyabwenge azi neza ko atwaye urumogi ndetse akaba yari asanzwe azi ko

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gutwara urumogi ari icyaha kandi icyakozwe akaba ari igikorwa giteganywa kandi kigahanwa n’ingingo y’amategeko (élément légal). 2. Umuntu ntagirwa umucuruzi w’ibiyobyabwenge no kuba hari abaguzi babonetse aho acururiza, ahubwo igihe cyose afite ibicuruzwa kandi yiteguye kubiha umuntu wese umugana ashaka ibyo agurisha, aba ari umucuruzi w’ibiyobyabwenge. Ubujurire, nta shingiro bufite. Nta mategeko yashingiweho Imanza zifashishijwe: RPAA 00052/2021/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Uwiringiye Franco rwaciwe n’Urukiuko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 29/07/2022; RPAA 00436/2020/CA MP Vs Ahimpereye Ndeze François rwaciwe n’Urukiuko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 28 Kamena 2022; RPAA 00725/2024/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Dusengimana Valens, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 28/03/2025; RPAA 00173/2024/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Mponzeze Eric, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 29/04/2025; RPAA 00024/2021/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Mukayisenga, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 29/07/2022; RPAA 00507/2023/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Ntaganzwa David, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 19/12/2024; RPAA 00522/2023/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Mupenzi Jean Bosco n’undi, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 31/01/2025; RPAA 00888/2024/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Uwamahoro Claire, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/05/2025. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA

[1] Ku wa 05/10/2021, Abapolisi bafashe Sibomana Jean Claude afite udupfunyika 381 tw’urumogi turi mu mufuka yari atwayemo ibirayi. Nyuma y’iperereza Ubugenzacyaha bwashyikirije dosiye ye Ubushinjacyaha, nabwo bumuregera Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge mu rubanza No RP 01645/2021/TGI/NYGE, bumushinja icyaha cyo gufatanwa no kugurisha urumogi, bunamusabira igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu ya 20.000.000Frw. [2] Sibomana Jean Claude yaburanye ahakana icyaha, ariko muri urwo rubanza rwaciwe ku wa 23/1/2023, Urukiko rushingiye ku kuba yemera ko yarufatanywe arukuye i Gisenyi, aruzanye i Kigali, kuba ashinjwa na Mukagakuba Marie Josée yari aje kurugurishaho ari nawe watumye afatwa, rwemeza ko ahamwa n’icyaha cyo kugurisha ibiyobyabwenge, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 20 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000Frw.

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[3] Sibomana Jean Claude yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru avuga ko urumogi yafatanywe atari urwo gucuruza, ko yahanirwa icyaha cyo kurufatanwa aho kuba kurucuruza. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko Sibomana Jean Claude atavuguruza ibimenyetso byashingiweho ahamywa icyaha, bityo ko hagumaho urubanza rwaciwe ku rwego rwa nyuma.

[4] Urukiko Rukuru mu rubanza No RPA 00573/2023/HC/KIG rwaciwe ku wa 23/10/2024, rushingiye ku mvugo ya Sibomana Jean Claude mu Bugenzacyaha, ubuhamya bwa Mukagakuba Marie Josée mu Bugenzacyaha n’umwanzuro w’inyongera Sibomana Jean Claude yoherereje Urukiko ku wa 24/5/2023, yemera icyaha cyo gutunda no gucuruza urumogi, yicuza kuba yari yaragihakanye, asaba imbabazi no kugabanyirizwa ibihano, rwemeje ko ari ibimenyetso bimuhamya icyaha, bityo ko ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite, hagumyeho imikirize y’urubanza rwaciwe ku rwego rwa mbere.

[5] Sibomana Jean Claude yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, ruhabwa No RPAA 01230/2024/CA, ruburanishwa mu ruhame ku wa 04/12/2025, aburana yunganiwe na Me Mukandera Clothilde, naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Gakwerere Javan, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu.

[6] Mu mwanzuro w’ubujurire no mu miburanire, Sibomana Jean Claude n’Avoka umwunganira banenga Urukiko Rukuru kuba rwaramuhamije icyaha cyo gutunda no gucuruza urumogi rwiregagije ko urumogi yafatanwe rutari urwe kandi ko nta bushake yari afite bwo gukora icyaha kuko atari azi ko atwaye urumogi. Bavuga ko Sibomana Jean Claude yari guhanirwa icyaha cyo gufatanwa urumogi aho kuba kurucuruza; Banenga urwo Rukiko kandi kuba rwarashingiye ku mwanzuro wa Sibomana Jean Claude wo ku wa 24/05/2023 kandi yarawukoze ashutswe kwemera icyaha kugira ngo agabanyirizwe ibihano, ariko ntirwabigabanya kandi hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha.

[7] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ubujurire bwa Sibomana Jean Claude nta shingiro bufite kuko hari ibimenyetso Urukiko Rukuru rwashingiyeho rumuhamya icyaha. Avuga kandi ko kuba Sibomana Jean Claude yaravanye urumogi mu Karere ka Rubavu akarufatanwa arugejeje mu Karere ka Nyarugenge abizi neza ko atwaye urumogi, bigize icyaha cyo gutunda ikiyobyabwenge gihambaye cyo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, asaba ko hagumaho imikirize y’urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru.

[8] Ibibazo Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rusuzuma n’ibikurikira:

a) Kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwari guhamya Sibomana Jean Claude icyaha cyo gufatanwa urumogi, aho kuba kurucuruza;

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b) Kumenya niba Sibomana Jean Claude yaragombaga kugabanyirizwe ibihano.

II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA a) Kumenya niba Sibomana Jean Claude yaragombaga guhanirwa icyaha cyo gufatanwa urumogi aho guhanirwa I cyo kurucuruza

[9] Sibomana Jean Claude n’umwunganizi we banenga Urukiko Rukuru ko rwamuhamije icyaha cyo gutunda no gucuruza urumogi, rwiregagije ko urumogi yafatanwe rutari urwe kandi ko nta bushake yari afite bwo gukora icyaha kuko atari azi ko atwaye urumogi. [10] Basobanura ko Sibomana Jean Claude yagiye kuguza Musheberejiki Jean Baptiste 20,000Frw yo kumufasha kohereza umwana we ku Ishuri, amusubiza ko nta mafaranga afite, amuha ibirayi ngo abizanire Mukagakuba Marie Joseé i Kigali, anamukatishiriza itike amubwira ko abigeza kuri MAGERWA i Shyorongi. Bakomeza bavuga ko Sibomana Jean Claude ageze aho i Shyorongi, yahasanze uwo mugore Mukagakuba Marie Joseé, haza abantu nka 3 bamuturutse inyuma bahita basuka hasi ibirayi yarazanye mu mufuka, basangamo urumogi. [11] Bakomeza bavuga ko udupfunyika 381 tw’urumogi rwari mu mufuka w’ibirayi Sibomana Jean Claude yafatanwe atari azi ko rurimo kandi ko rutari urwe rwari urwa Musheberejiki wamuhaye uwo mufuka ngo awushyire Mukagakuba Marie Joseé. Bavuga kandi ko Sibomana Jean Claude atari azi uwo mugore ari ubwa mbere bari bahuye, bityo ko nta bushake yari afite bwo gukora icyaha cyo gucuruza no gutunda urumogi, ahubwo yari guhanirwa icyaha cyo kurufatanwa. [12] Banenga Urukiko Rukuru kuba mu rubanza rujuririrwa rwarashingiye ku mwanzuro yatanze nyuma y’ibihe byo kujurira yemera icyaha, kandi uwo mwanzuro utarigeze ugibwaho impaka mu iburanisha ry’urubanza rujuririrwa, ukaba utaragombaga kwakirwa, bityo ko kuba urwo Rukiko rwarawushingiyeho rwanyuranyije n’amategeko. Basoza bavuga Urukiko Rukuru rwagombaga kumugira umwere ku cyaha cyo gutunda no gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge, rukamuhanira icyo gufatanwa ibiyobyabwenge. [13] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ubujurire bwa Sibomana Jean Claude nta shingiro bufite kuko hari ibimenyetso Urukiko Rukuru rwashingiyeho rumuhamya icyaha cyo gutunda no gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge birimo ubuhamya bwa Mukagakuba Marie Joseé, bugagaragaza ko Sibomana Jean Claude yavuye i Rubavu azi neza ko atwaye urumogi mu mufuka warimo ibirayi kandi ko yararumuzaniye nk’umuguzi warwo bahujwe na Musheberejiki (umucuruzi mukuru w'urumogi witwa mushebeje /big dealer) kugira ngo bakorane, [14] Akomeza avuga ko Mukagakuba Marie Joseé yavuze ko yavuganye na Sibomana Jean Claude uyu amubwira ko afite urumogi rwahaza isoko ashaka kuko yari yamwemereye kumuzanira “boules 1000”, bahana gahunda yuko ku wa 05/10/2021 arumuzanira bagahurira i Kanyinya kuri Magerwa, ahita abimenyesha abapolisi, arumuzaniye afatwa arimo kurumuha mu mufuka w’ibirayi.

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[15] Akomeza avuga ko ibyo bigize icyaha cyo gutunda ikiyobyabwenge gihambaye cyo mu bwoko bw’urumogi nk’uko byasobanuwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu rubanza Nº RPAA 00725/2024/CA, rwaciwe ku wa 28/03/2025 Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Dusengimana Valens (igika cya 15), aho rwasobanuye ko Gutunda ibiyobyabwenge ari ugukura ibiyobyabwenge ahantu ukabijyana ahandi, ko icyo cyaha kigizwe n’igikorwa cyo gukura ibiyobyabwenge ahantu ubijyana ahandi (élément materiel), naho ubushake bwo gukora icyaha (élément moral) bukaba bugizwe no kuba uwatunze ibiyobyabwenge azi neza ko atwaye urumogi ndetse akaba yari asanzwe azi ko gutwara urumogi ari icyaha kandi icyakozwe akaba ari igikorwa giteganywa kandi kigahanwa n’ingingo y’amategeko (élément légal)1.

[16] Akomeza avuga kandi ko kuba Sibomana Jean Claude yarafatanywe urumogi (udupfunyika 381) yiteguye kuruha umuguzi (Mukagakuba Marie Joseé), bimugira umucuruzi w’ikiyobyabwenge cy’urumogi nk’uko byatanzweho umurongo mu rubanza Nº RPAA 00173/2024/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 29/04/2025 Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Mpozenze Eric (igika cya 27), uvuga ko Umuntu atagirwa umucuruzi w’ibiyobyabwenge no kuba hari abaguzi babonetse aho acururiza, ahubwo igihe cyose afite ibicuruzwa kandi yiteguye kubiha umuntu wese umugana ashaka ibyo agurisha, aba ari umucuruzi w’ibiyobyabwenge.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA

[17] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo y’ubujurire zishingiye kumenya niba Sibomana Jean Claude yaragombaga guhanirwa icyaha cyo gufatanwa ibiyobyabwenge by’urumogi, aho kuba icyo kubitunda no kubicuruza. [18] Ku byerekeranye n’icyaha cyo gutunda ibiyobyabwenge, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu rubanza Nº RPAA 00052/2021/CA rwaciwe ku wa 29/07/2022, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Uwiringiye Franco (igika cya 27-30) rwatanze umurongo ukurikira: “Gutunda ibiyobyabwenge ni ugukura ibiyobyabwenge ahantu ukabijyana ahandi. Icyo cyaha kigizwe n’igikorwa cyo gukura ibiyobyabwenge ahantu ubijyana ahandi (élément materiel), naho ubushake bwo gukora icyaha (élément moral) bukaba bugizwe no kuba uwatunze ibiyobyabwenge azi neza ko atwaye urumogi ndetse akaba yari asanzwe azi ko gutwara urumogi ari icyaha kandi icyakozwe akaba ari igikorwa giteganywa kandi kigahanwa n’ingingo y’amategeko (élément légal).” Uyu murongo wanashingiweho mu zindi manza nyinshi zaciwe n’uru Rukiko2. [19] Ku byerekeranye n’icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge, Uru Rukiko rwatanze umurongo mu rubanza Nº RPAA 00436/2020/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 28/06/2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Ahimpereye Ndeze François (Igika cya 19) ukurikira: “Umuntu ntagirwa umucuruzi w’ibiyobyabwenge no kuba hari abaguzi babonetse aho acururiza, ahubwo igihe cyose afite ibicuruzwa kandi yiteguye kubiha umuntu wese umugana ashaka ibyo agurisha,

1 Imirongo yatanzwe mu manza zaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu kwezi kwa Mata 2025, N⁰26, pp.113-114. 2 Urugero: Urubanza Nº RPAA 00725/2024/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 28/03/2025 Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Dusengimana Valens (igika cya 15)

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aba ari umucuruzi w’ibiyobyabwenge.” Uyu murongo wanashingiweho n’izindi manza nyinshi zaciwe n’Uru Rukiko3. [20] Mu rubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru rwahamije Sibomana Jean Claude icyaha cyo gutunda no kugurisha ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi rushingiye ko mu Bugenzacyaha yemeye ko yazanye urumogi azi neza ko ruri mu birayi kandi ko Musheberejiki yari yamwemereye kumuhemba 20,000Frw4. Rwashingiye kandi ku buhamya bwa Mukagakuba Marie Joseé yatanze mu Bugenzacyaha, aho yavuze ko yamenye Sibomana Jean Claude bahujwe na Musheberejiki wari usanzwe ari umucuruzi w’urumogi, Sibomana Jean Claude amubwira ko afite “deal” yazamuzanira “boules 1000” z’urumogi rwo gucuruza, Mukagakuba Marie Joseé arabimwemerera aza aruzanye mu birayi, ariko kubera ko Mukagakuba Marie Joseé yari yabimenyesheje polisi ihita imufata5. Urukiko rwanashingiye ku mwanzuro w’inyongera Sibomana Jean Claude yarwoherereje ku wa 24/5/2023, yemera icyaha cyo gutunda no gucuruza urumogi, yicuza kuba yari yaragihakanye ku rwego mbere, asaba imbabazi no kugabanyirizwa ibihano6. [21] Mu ibazwa rya Sibomana Jean Claude mu Bugenzacyaha, yavuze ko yazanye uriya muti (urumogi, udupfunyika 381) i Kigali, yaruvanye i Rubavu mu mufuka w’ibirayi yahawe na Mushebejiki ngo awuzanire Mukagakuba Marie Joseé, wagombaga kumuha amafaranga ashyira Musheberejiki, uyu akamuhemba 20,000Frw7. [22] Mu Bushinjacyaha Sibomana Jean Claude yavuze ko yahawe urumogi na Musheberejiki uruvana muri Congo, aruzana i Kigali arushyiriye Mukagakuba Marie Joseé bamufatira i Shyorongi. Yakomeje avuga ko yari yemerewe Musheberejiki kumwishyura 20,000Frw8. [23] Inyandikomvugo ya Mukagakuba Marie Joseé mu Bugenzacyaha, igaragaza ko uyu yavuze ko yamenyanye na Sibomana Jean Claude bahujwe na Musheberejiki wigeze gucuruza Ibiyobyabwenge nyuma arabireka. Yakomeje avuga ko Musheberejiki ari we wamuhaye nimero ya Sibomana Jean Claude baravugana, akomeza kumuvugisha nyuma yaho baba inshuti, kugeza ubwo yamubwiraga ko ashobora kumubonera urumogi rwinshi rwagera ku 10.0009. [24] Mukagakuba Marie Joseé avuga ko ku wa 25/10/2021, Sibomana Jean Claude yashatse kumuzanira “boules 1000” kugira ngo abone amafaranga yo kujya gufata izindi 10.000 afite mu Ngororero, ko icyo gihe aribwo bapanze, ageze kuri MAGERWA ishyorongi ajya kumwakira, amubwira ko yamuzaniye “boules 1000” mu birayi, afatwa n’abapolisi Mukagakuba Marie Joseé yari yabibwiye bakora mu ishami rirwanya Ibiyobyabwenge10.

3 Urugero: Urubanza Nº RPAA 00173/2024/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 29/04/2025 Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Mponzeze Eric (igika cya 27). 4 Urubanza No RPA 00573/2023/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 23/10/2024, igika cya 12. 5 Idem, igika cya 14. 6 Idem, igika cya 15. 7 Dosiye No 00391/KE/lKARA SB/KlGA/NYAR/2021, Inyandikomvugo y’ibazwa ry’uregwa, ku wa 26/10/2021, igisubizo cya 1 & 2. 8 Inyandikomvugo y’ibazwe ry’uregwa mu Bushinjacyaha, ku wa 03/11/2021. 9 Dosiye No 00391/KE/lKARA SB/KlGA/NYAR/2021, Inyandikomvugo y'ibazwa ry'umutangabuhamya ku wa 26/10/2021. Igisubizo cya 1 & 2. 10 Ibid.

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[25] Ibimaze kuvugwa byose n’ibimenyetso bigaragaza nta shiti ko Sibomana Jean Claude yafashwe azaniye Mukagakuba Marie Joseé urumogi rungana n’udupfunyika 381 twari duhishwe mu mufuka w’ibirayi nk’uko bose babihurijeho kandi ko yaruzanye azi neza ko amuzaniye urumogi. [26] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rushingiwe ku mirongo yavuzwe haruguru rwatanze mu rubanza Nº RPAA 00436/2020/CA rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Ahimpereye Ndeze François, rurasanga kuba Sibomana Jean Claude yarafatanwe urumogi avuga ko yahawe na Musheberejiki ku Gisenyi/Rubavu amutumye kujya kurugurisha Mukagakuba Marie Joseé i Kigali (nubwo nta kigaragaza ko ari we wari wamutumye koko) bigize icyaha cyo gutunda no gucuruza urumogi kuko Sibomana Jean Claude yaruvanye i Rubavu, aruzana i Kigali agamije kurugurisha, akaba yarafashwe yaruhishe mu mufuka w’ibirayi. Uko kubihisha bigaragaza neza ko yari azi ko ibyo atwaye ari ibiyobyabwenge kandi bihanwa n’amategeko. Ibyo binashimangirwa n’imvugo ye mu Bugenzacyaha, aho yabanje kuvuga ko ari umuti Musheberejiki wari wamusezeranyije igihembo cya 20.000Frw yamuhaye ngo awuzanire Mukagakuba Marie Joseé nawe amuhe amafaranga amuzanire, nyuma mu Bushinjacyaha akavuga yeruye ko ari urumogi yahawe na Musheberejiki uruvana muri Congo akaba yari kumwishyura 20,000Frw. [27] Urukiko rurasanga ibimaze kuvugwa mu gika kibanziriza iki byerekana ko Sibomana Jean Claude abizi kandi abishaka yavanye ibiyobyabwenge by’urumogi i Rubavu abizana kubigurisha i Kigali kurugurisha Mukagakuba Marie Joseé akamwishyura, nawe akabiherwa igihembo cyavuzwe haruguru cya 20.000Frw, ibyo bikorwa bikaba bigize icyaha cyo gutunda no gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge by’urumogi, kubw’ibyo imiburanire ye y’uko yagombaga guhanirwa icyaha cyo gufatanwa ibiyobyabwenge by’urumogi aho kuba icyo kubitunda no kubicuruza bukaba nta shingiro bufite. [28] Ku bijyanye n’uko Urukiko Rukuru rwahamije Sibomana Jean Claude icyaha cyo gutunda no gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge by’urumogi, rushingiye ku mwanzuro we w’inyongera wo ku wa 24/5/2023 wemera icyo cyaha kandi yarawutanze impitagihe, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga kuba nta cyemezo cy’Urukiko cyari cyafashwe gitesha agaciro uwo mwanzuro, nta cyari kurubuza gushingira ku makuru Sibomana Jean Claude yawutanzemo., kabone n’ubwo ubwe yahisemo kutawuburanisha. Naho ibyo kuba ataragabanyirijwe igihano, Urukiko rudategetswe kugabanya igihano, kabone n’iyo haba hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, kandi nk’uko byerekanywe haruguru Sibomana Jean Claude mu miburanire ye ntiyigeze yemera icyaha cyo gutunda no gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge by’urumogi, icyo yemera ni uko yabifatanywe, bityo imiburanire ye kuri iyi ngingo nayo ikaba nta shingiro ifite. [29] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga rero ibimenyetso byavuzwe haruguru kuva ku gika cya 21 cy’uru rubanza kugeza ku cya 27, bigaragaza ko Sibomana Jean Claude abizi kandi abishaka, yakoze bikorwa bigize icyaha yahamijwe cyo gutunda no gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge by’urumogi, kubw’ibyo ubujurire bwe bugamije guhindurirwa inyito y’icyaha agahanirwa icyaha cyo gufatanwa ibiyobyabwenge by’urumogi aho kuba icyo kubitunda no kubicuruza bukaba nta shingiro bufite.

b) Kumenya niba Sibomana Jean Claude yaragombaga kugabanyirizwe ibihano.

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[30] Sibomana Jean Claude n’umwunganira banenga Urukiko Rukuru kuba rutaramubanyirije ibihano kandi hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zirimo kuba nta ngaruka icyaha yakoze cyateye kuko urumogi yafatanwe rwafatiriwe rukanatwikwa, ko asanzwe ari umuntu witwara neza mu baturage, akaba ari ubwa mbere akurikiranweho icyaha. [31] Bavuga ko kutagabanyirizwa ibihano, Urukiko rwiregagije ibiteganywa n’ingingo za 49, 58 na 59 z’Itegeko No 68.2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 rigena ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ndetse n’ibyemejwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu rubanza No RPAA 00224/2022/CA rwaciwe ku wa 24/02/2023 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Rutayisire Aubin wagabanyirijwe igihano ku cyaha cyo kubika, gutunda urumogi n’ubwinjiracyaha bwo guha undi ibiyobyabwenge, aganishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 3 n’amezi 6. [32] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko Sibomana Jean Claude ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite, agasaba ko hagumaho imikirize y’urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [33] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo y’ubujurire zishingiye ku kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwarirengije kugabanyiriza ibihano Sibomana Jean Claude kandi hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ariko uru Rukiko rubanza gusuzuma niba iyi ngingo yaraburanwe mu rubanza rujuririrwa. [34] Mu rubanza No RPAA 00024/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 29/07/2022, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Mukayisenga, rwemeje ko ingingo y’ubujurire isaba kugabanyirizwa igihano, Mukayisenga yatanze ari impamvu itarigeze iburanwaho mu rubanza rujuririrwa ikaba itafatwa nk’inenge iri mu rubanza cyangwa ikosa ryakozwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku buryo byashingirwaho biba impamvu y’ubujurire, rwemeza ko kuba Mukayisenga yarazanye impamvu itaraburanyweho mu rubanza rujuririrwa nyamara ibiburanwa mu rwego rw’ubujurire biba bigomba kuba byari byaburanweho mu rukiko rubanza, ari impamvu ituma ubujurire bwe kuri iyo ngingo budahabwa ishingiro kuko ntacyo anenga urubanza rubanza ndetse akaba atagaragaza amakosa yakozwe n’Urukiko Rukuru yatuma icyemezo rwafashe giteshwa agaciro. Uyu murongo wanashingiweho n’izindi manza nyinshi zaciwe n’uru Rukiko zirimo urubanza Nº RPAA 00507/2023/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 19/12/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Ntaganzwa David (igika cya 21,23) n’izindi11.

[35] Dosiye igaragaza ko urubanza No RP 01645/2021/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe ku rwego rwa mbere ku wa 23/01/2025, Sibomana Jean Claude arujurira Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 06/02/2023 ku mpamvu y’uko yahamijwe icyaha cyo gutunda no gucuruza urumogi ataragikoze, aburana avuga ko icyaha yemera akwiye guhanirwa ari icyo gufatanwa ibiyobyabwenge, anenga ko nta mafaranga

11 Urubanza Nº RPAA 00522/2023/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 31/01/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Mupenzi Jean Bosco n’undi (igika cya 21,45); Urubanza Nº RPAA 00888/2024/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/05/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Uwamahoro Claire (igika cya 22).

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yafatanwe, avuga ko nta muntu yahaye urumogi ndetse ko umutangabuhamya yivuguruje.12 Urukiko Rukuru rwasuzumye niba Sibomana Jean Claude yarafatanywe urumogi aho kurucuruza.

[36] Ibyerekanywe haruguru bigaragaza ko ibijyanye n’impamvu nyoroshyacyaha no kuba Sibomana Jean Claude yagabanyirizwa ibihano bitigeze biburanwa cyane cyane ko yari yajuriye ahakana icyaha yahamijwe cyo gutunda no kugurisha ibiyobyabwenge by’urumogi, bigaragaza ko umwanzuro w’inyongera yari yatanze impitagihe ku wa 24/05/2023 muri urwo Rukiko yemera icyaha anasaba kugabanyirizwa igihano yahisemo ubwe kuwutesha agaciro kuko atigeze awuburanisha.

[37] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rushingiye ku murongo wavuzwe haruguru watanzwe mu rubanza rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Mukayisenga, rurasanga inshingano z’uru Rukiko ari ugusuzuma inenge zagaragajwe mu rubanza rujuririrwa ku byaburanwe mu rubanza ajuririra. Rurasanga kandi ibyerekeranye n’impamvu nyoroshyacyaha n’uko Sibomana Jean Claude yagabanyirizwa ibihano bitaraburanwe mu rubanza rujuririrwa, bityo bikaba bitaba inenge z’urwo rubanza; ubujurire bwe kuri iyi ngingo bukaba nta shingiro bufite.

[38] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rushingiye ku bisobanuro byose byatanzwe, rurasanga ubujurire bwatanzwe na Sibomana Jean Claude nta shingiro bufite, bityo hakaba hagumyeho imikirize y’urubanza No RPA 00573/2023/HC/KIG rwajuririrwe rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 23/10/2024.

III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO

[39] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Sibomana Jean Claude nta shingiro bufite. [40] Rwemeje ko nta gihindutse ku rubanza No RPA 00573/2023/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 23/10/2024. [41] Rwemeje ko hagumyeho igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000Frw) Sibomana Jean Claude yahanishijwe ku cyaha cyo gutunda no kugurisha ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi. [42] Ruvuze ko amagarama y’urubanza aherera ku Isanduku ya Leta.

12 Urubanza No RPA 00573/2023/HC/KIG, Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha ryo ku wa 23/09/2024.