SINDAMBIWE v. RUKARA N’ABANDI

SINDAMBIWE v. RUKARA N’ABANDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-02-05 - Case/document no.: RS/INJUST/RAD 00001/2021/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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SINDAMBIWE v. RUKARA N’ABANDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RS/INJUST/RAD 00001/2021/CA (Kamere, P.J.) 05 Gashyantare 2025] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano – Kureka urubanza – Kureka urubanza ni uburenganzira umuburanyi afite bwo kuvuga ko aretse urubanza yari yaregeye, uwo yaregaga akabyemera. Iyo habayeho kureka urubanza ibintu bisubira uko byari bimeze mbere yo kurega. Incamake y’ikibazo: Rukara yareze icyahoze ari Akarere ka Kanombe na Higiro Georges mu Rukiko rwa mbere rw’Iremezo arusaba ko amasezerano y’Ubugure bw’inzu iherereye i Kanombe yaguze na Higiro Georges anasaba ko hakorwa indi contre-expertise ya Annex y’inzu bamugurishije ku ngufu, muri urwo rubanza hagobokamo Sindambiwe uhagarariye Rukundo witabye Imana wavugaga ko umutungo uburanwa ari uwe. Urwo rubanza rwaburanishijwe n’Urukiko rw’Umujyi wa Kigali nyuma yaho habereye amavugurura mu nzego z’ubucamanza, urwo Rukiko rwemeza ko ikirego cya Rukara Cyprien nta shingiro gifite, ko atsinzwe, rumutegeka gusubiza Sindambiwe David umutungo w’Umuryago wa Rukundo Moise ahagarariye. Rukara yajuririye mu Rukiko Rukuru, urwo Rukiko mu guca urubanza rwemeza ko inzu Rukara yaguze na Higiro ikomeza kuba umutungo wa Rukara kuko afite ibyangombwa byayo byanditse (preuve litterale). Umuryango wa Rukundo umaze kumenya ko Akarere ka Kanombe kagurishije umutungo Higiro, kandi nyuma yo gutakamba hakaba

nta cyakozwe, watanze ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge usaba gutesha agaciro ayo masezerano yabaye hagati ya Higiro na Rukara, no gusubizwa uwo mutungo. Urwo Rukiko rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko ikirego kitakiriwe kuko ikiregerwa cyamaze gufatwaho umwanzuro mu manza zaciwe. Sindambiwe yajuririye mu Rukiko Rukuru, narwo rwemeza ko nta gihindutse ku mikirize y’urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge. Sindambiwe uhagarariye umuryango wa Rukundo yasabye ko urubanza rusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane avuga ko akarengane ke gashingiye ku kuba yaranze kakwirirwa ikirego hashingiwe ku kuba ibyo aburana byarafashweho icyemezo mu zindi manza. Mu iburanisha ry’urubanza rwasabiwe gusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, Siundambiwe yavuze ko aretse urubanza, ku rundi ruhande abaregwa nabo barabyemera. Incamake y’icyemezo: Kureka urubanza ni uburenganzira umuburanyi afite bwo kuvuga ko aretse urubanza yari yaregeye, uwo yaregaga akabyemera. Iyo habayeho kureka urubanza ibintu bisubira uko byari bimeze mbere yo kurega. Ukureka urubanza byemejwe.

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Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, Ingingo y’123 n’iya 124 Nta manza zifashishijwe

Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu cyahoze ari Urukiko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwa Kigali mu mwaka wa 2004, rufite RC 041095/2004, aho Uwitwa Rukara Cyprien yaregaga Akarere ka Kanombe na Higiro Georges asaba Urukiko kwemeza amasezerano y’Ubugure bw’inzu iherereye i Kanombe yaguze na Higiro Georges anasaba ko hakorwa indi contre-expertise ya Annex y’inzu bamugurishije ku ngufu; muri urwo rubanza hagobotsemo Sindambiwe David wari uhagarariye Rukundo Moise witabye Imana, ku mpamvu z’uko yavugaga ko ahaburanwa hari ahe kandi akaba ari umuvandimwe we. [2] Nyuma y’ivugurura ry’inzego z’ubucamanza urwo Rukiko rwahindutse Urukiko rw’Umujyi wa Kigali ikirego nacyo gihindurirwa numero cyandikwa kuri RAD 0019/04/TP/KIG. [3] Kuwa 22/09/2005, urwo Rukiko rwakijije urubanza ko ikirego cya Rukara Cyprien nta shingiro gifite, ko atsinzwe, rumutegeka gusubiza Sindambiwe David umutungo w’Umuryago wa Rukundo Moise ahagarariye. [4] Rukara Cyprien ntabwo yishimiye imikirize y’urubanza, kuwa 17/01/2005 ajuririra Urukiko Rukuru, ubujurire bwandikwa kuri RADA0013/05/HC/KG arega Akarere ka Kicukiro, Higiro George n’Umuryango wa Rukundo Moise. [5] Mu cyemezo cy’Urukiko cyo kuwa 03/04/2024 rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Rukara Cyprien bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe, ko rukijije ko ikirego cy’Akarere ka Kanombe kahindutse aka Kicukiro, ko Akarere ka Kicukiro gatsinze; ko Rukara Cyprien

atsinzwe, ko urubanza RAD 0019/04/TP/KIG ku byerekeye ikirego cya Rukara Cyprien na succession Rukundo Moise, ko Rukara Cyprien atsinze naho succession Rukundo Moise ikaba itsinzwe; rwemeje kandi rutegeka ko inzu Rukara Cyprien yaguze na Higiro ikomeza kuba umutungo wa Rukara kuko afite ibyangombwa byayo byanditse (preuve litterale), rwategetse ko amagarama y’urubanza 54 000 Frw yishyurwa ku buryo bungana na Rukara Cyprien afatanyije na succession Rukundo Moise. [6] Nyuma y’urwo rubanza umuryango wa Rukundo Moise uvuga ko wamenye ko umutungo wabo, wagurishijwe n’Akarere ka Kanombe, nk’uko muri urwo rubanza hagaragaye acte de notoriete ako karere kawugurisha na Higiro, ndetse n’indi acte de notoriete Higiro nawe awugurisha Rukara Cyprien, ko rero nyuma yo gutakamba ntihagire igikorwa bahise baregera Urukiko, basaba gutesha agaciro amasezerano y’ubugure no gusubiza umutungo umuryango wa Rukundo Moise. Ikirego cyandikwa kuri RAD 0008/11/TGI/NYGE.

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[7] Mu rubanza RAD 0008/11/TGI/NYGE ; mu cyemezo cy’urukiko rwanzuye ko ikirego kitakiriwe rushingiye ku kuba rusanga icyaburanwaga aricyo cyaburanweho mu rubanza RAD 0019/04/TP/KIG aho Rukara Cyprien yaregaga Akarere ka Kanombe na Higiro Georges kandi urwo rubanza Succession Rukundo Moise ikaza kurugobokamo. [8] Succession Rukundo Moise ihagarariwe na Sindambiwe David yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru, ubujurire bwandikwa kuri numero RADA 0002/12/HC/KIG, ariko narwo rwemeza ko ikirego cyatanzwe na Succession Rukundo Moise kitakiriwe ku mpamvu z’uko succession idafite ubuzima gatozi. [9] Abagize succession Rukundo Moise, aribo Sindambiwe David, Nyiramisago Vestine na Bizuru batanze ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge gihabwa RAD 0041/12/TGI/NYGE, basaba gutesha agaciro amasezerano y’ubugure Higiro Georges yagiranye na Rukara Georges no gusubizwa umutungo w’umuryango wa Rukundo Moise, muri urwo rubanza harezwemo Higiro Georges, Rukara Cyprien n’Akarere ka Kicukiro. [10] Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwavuze ko ikirego kitakiriwe, ku mpamvu z’uko: icyaregerwa ari kimwe n’icyaregewe mu manza zavuzwe haruguru kuko n’ubwo hamwe bagiye bavuga kwemeza amasezerano, ahandi bakavuga gutesha agaciro amasezerano ariko icyaregerwaga ni inzu iherereye i Kanombe ni nacyo ayo masezerano yose agarukaho kandi n’ababuranyi ni bamwe. [11] Abagize umuryango wa Rukundo Moise

bavuzwe haruguru bajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko Rukuru, ubujurire bwandikwa kuri RADA 0026/13/HC/KIG-RADA 0027/13/HC/KIG- RADA 0028/13/HC/KIG. [12] Mu cyemezo cy’Urukiko Rukuru cyo ku wa 17/12/2014, rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe n’abagize umuryango wa Rukundo Moise aribo: Sindambiwe David, Nyiramisago Vestine na Bizuru nta shingiro bufite, ko imikirize y’ urubanza RAD0041/12/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe n’ Urukiko rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge idahindutse, rubategeka kwishyura buri wese amafaranga y’amagarama 75 000 Frw bahereye kuyo batanze bajurira. [13] Ku wa 18/05/2021 Sindambiwe David ahagarariye abazungura ba Rukundo Moise yatanze ikirego cyo gusubirishamo urubanza RADA 0026/13/HC/KIG- RADA 0027/13/HC/KIG - RADA 0028/13/HC/KIG, ku mpamvu z’ akarengane muri uru Rukiko rw’ Ubujurire avuga ko muri urwo rubanza hagaragayemo akarengane kuko Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko ibyo Abazungura ba Rukundo Moise baburana, byaburanywe mu zindi manza arizo RAD 0019/04/TP/KIG na RADA 0013/05/HC/KIG rukanga kwakira ikirego cyabo rushingiye ko icyaburanwaga cyari cyaraburanyweho mu zindi manza. [14] Abaregwa Rukara Cyprien na Rukundo George ntabwo babonetse bahamagawe ahatazwi, bityo hakozwe gusa imyanzuro yo kwiregura y’Umujyi wa Kigali ubu mu rwego rw’amategeko wasimbuye Akarere ka Nyarugenge mu rubanza. [15] Mu iburanisha ry’urubanza ryashyizwe ku wa 05/02/2025, hitabye Sindambiwe David yunganiwe na Me Karega Blaise Pascal, ndetse n’Umujyi wa Kigali uhagarariwe na Me Safari Vianney, nyuma yo kuganira n’Urukiko ku bibazo binyuranye byerekeranye no gutegura iburanisha, hasuzumwa ikibazo cyerekeranye no kureka urubanza cyatanzwe n’uwasabye

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gusubirishamo urubanza ku mpamvu z’akarengane kandi bikemerwa n’uruhande ruregwa, urubanza ruhita runasomerwa mu ruhame mu ntebe y’Abacamanza ku mpamvu no mu buryo bikurikira: II. ISESENGURA RY’IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA

 Gusuzuma ibijyanye no kureka urubanza kwakozwe na BOUTIQUE VRAI AMI [16] Mu iburanisha kuri uyu wa 05/02/2025, Sindambiwe David uvuga ko anahagarariye abazungura ba Rukundo Moise, yunganiwe na Me Karega Blaise Pascal, nyuma yo kurebera hamwe n’Urukiko imbogamizi zinyuranye ziri mu mitangirwe y’iki kirego, yavuze ko aretse urubanza ashingiye ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 123 y’Itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi ryo muri 2018, kandi Me Safari Vianney witabye ahagarariye Umujyi wa Kigali avuga ko uwo aburanira nawe abyemeye.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [17] Ingingo ya 123 y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, iteganya ibi bikurikira: “Kureka urubanza ni uburenganzira umuburanyi afite bwo kuvuga ko aretse urubanza yari yaregeye, uwo yaregaga akabyemera. Kureka urubanza bishobora gukorwa no kwemerwa aho urubanza rwaba rugeze hose bikozwe mu nyandiko iriho umukono w’umuburanyi ubwe cyangwa w’umwunganira kandi bikamenyeshwa uwo baburana. Bishobora kandi kuvugirwa cyangwa mu iburanisha”. Naho ingingo ya 124 igika cya 1 ry’iryo tegeko igateganya ko : ” Kureka ikirego no kureka urubanza bituma ibintu bisubira uko byari bimeze ku mpande zombi mbere y’uko urukiko ruregerwa”. [18] Muri uru rubanza hari ikibazo cyo kumenya niba Sindambiwe David yakwemerwa n’uru Rukiko kureka uru rubanza. [19] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rushingiye ku ngingo z’Itegeko zimaze kuvugwa haruguru, rurasanga ubusabe bwa Sindambiwe David bwo kureka urubanza byarakozwe kandi byemerwa n’uwo arega muri uru rubanza nk’uko amategeko abiteganya, bityo Urukiko rukaba rugomba kubyemera, ibintu bigasubira uko byari bimeze mbere y’uko haregerwa uru Rukiko rw’Ubujurire. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [20] Rwemeje ukureka urubanza RS/INJUST/RAD 00001/2021/CA gukozwe na Sindambiwe David.