SKOL V UMWALI NABANDI

# SKOL V UMWALI NABANDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2023-03-03 - Case/document no.: RCA 00024/2022/HC/NYZ - Collection: High Court

## Text

## Page 1

SKOL BREWERY LTD v UMWALI N’ABANDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RUKURU - RCA 00024/2022/HC/NYZ (Ndagijimana, P.J.) 03 Werurwe 2023] Amategeko y’imanza mbonezamubano – Imanza ku mutungo w’ubutaka – Icyemezo cy’ubukode bw’ubutaka - Icyemezo cy’ ubukode burambye ku mutungo w’ubutaka si ntayegayezwa kuko bishoboka ko cyateshwa agaciro mu gihe hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko uwo wanditseho atari nyirawo. Amategeko y’imanza mbonezamubano – Imanza ku mutungo w’ubutaka – Kuba uwaguze umutungo yatinda kuwiyandikishaho bitewe n’ impamvu runaka, ntabwo byamwambura uburenganzira kuri uwo mutungo kuko ubwo burenganzira ari ntahungabanywa uretse mu bihe biteganywa n’ amategeko. Incamake y’ikibazo: Umwali yaguze umutungo w’ubutaka na Nyirazaninka na Ndahimana bakorana amasezerano y’ubugure ku wa 21/04/2015. Akimara kubugura yahise ajya hanze y’igihugu hanyuma aho agarukiye kugira ngo yandikishe ubutaka bwe asanga SKOL BREWERY Ltd yaratambamiye ihererekanya kuri iyo nzu UPI 2/07/08/01/3202. Umwali yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga asaba Urukiko gukuraho itambamira ku nzu yubatse mu kibanza UPI: 2/07/08/01/3202 igakurwa mu mutungo watambamiwe na SKOL BREWERY LTD kuko itari mu mutungo wa Nyirazaninka na Ndahimana kubera ko yawuguze no gutegeka ko hakorwa ihererekanyamutungo iyo nzu ikandikwa k’uwayiguze. Urukiko rwemeje ko uwo umutungo ari uwa Umwali, ko itambama kuri uwo mutungo ryakozwe na SKOL BREWERY LTD riteshejwe agaciro, SKOL BREWERY Ltd ijuririra urwo rubanza ivuga ko Urukiko rutasobanuye impamvu yashingiyeho mu kwemeza ko inzitizi yo kutakira ikirego nta shingiro n’ uko Urukiko rutari kwemeza ko SKOL yakoze itambama ku mutungo wa Nyirazaninka kandi utakiri uwe kuko yari yarawugurishije; nyamara iryo gurisha nta “date certaine” rifite, hataranabaye ihererehanya ry’ uwo mutungo. Urukiko rwakiriye ubujurire rusuzuma ikibazo cyo kumenya niba Urukiko rutari kwemeza ko SKOL BREWERY LTD yakoze itambama ku mutungo wa Nyirazaninka kandi utakiri uwe kuko yari yarawugurishije, nyamara iryo gurisha nta “date certaine” rifite. SKOL BREWERY LTD ivuga ko ku wa 21/04/2015 Nyirazaninka n’umugabo we bagurishije Umwali umutungo UPI 2/07/08/01/3202; Umwali akaba yari ahagarariwe n’Uwamahoro wari warahawe ububasha bwo “kugura inzu”, “gukora mutation” no “gufata ibyangombwa byose birebana n’iyo nzu”; ko Urubanza rwajuririwe rwemeje ko “amasezerano y’ubugure yakozwe mbere y’ikurikiranwa rya Nyirazaninka kuko yahamwe n’icyaha cyahaye SKOL BREWERY LTD inyungu ku mutungo wabo muri 2019”. Akomeza avuga ko nta gihamya cy’uko itariki amasezerano y’ubugure yakoreweho ari itariki yo kwizerwa (“date certaine”) iteganywa n’amategeko. Uregwa avuga ko SKOL BREWERY Ltd ntacyo igomba kunenga amasezerano yo ku wa 21/04/2015 kuko impande zombi zayakoze ziyemera, ko ikindi ari uko Umwali yari yarahaye ububasha Uwamahoro bwo kumusinyira kumukorera mutation, no gufata ibyangombwa, bityo

## Page 2

ko ubwo burenganzira bufite agaciro, ko izo nyandiko zose zakozwe mu mwaka wa 2015 mbere y’uko SKOL Brewery Ltd itambamira uyu mutungo bityo ko uwo mutungo ugomba kwandikwa Umwali. Abagurishije uwo mutungo aribo Nyirazaninka na Ndahimana nabo bemeza ko uwo mutungpo bagurishije ku matariki yavuzwe mbere y’uko habaho iyandikishwa ry’ubutaka kandi ko nta kibazo na kimwe bafitanye n’uwaguze. Incamake y’icyemezo: Uburenganzira ku butaka bushingira ku kuba nyirabwo yarabubonye ku bw’umuco, cyangwa se yarabuhawe n’urwego rubifitiye ububasha, cyangwa se yarabuguze. Kuba rero uwaguze umutungo yatinda kuwiyandikishaho bitewe n’ impamvu runaka, ntabwo byamwambura uburenganzira kuri uwo mutungo kuko ubwo burenganzira ari ntahungabanywa uretse mu bihe biteganywa n’ amategeko. Ubujurire bwa SKOL BREWERY Ltd nta shingiro bufite; Imikirize y’ urubanza RC 00142/2021/TGI/MHG ihindutse gusa ku bijyanye n’ indishyi zigenwe mu bujurire. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko No 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/5/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, ingingo ya 108; Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 12, 111 Amategeko yashingiweho atagikoreshwa: Itegeko Ngenga Nº 08/2005 ryo ku wa 14/07/2005 rigena imikoreshereze n’imicungire y’ubutaka mu Rwanda, ingingo ya 5. Imanza zifashishijwe: RSOCAA 0061/12/CS rwo ku wa 02 Gicurasi 2014 (Icyegeranyo V. 1 - 2015 Mutarama, 2015, p.83); RADA 0025/12/CS rwo ku wa 25 Mata 2014 (Reba Icyegeranyo V. 2 - 2015 Mata, 2015, p.3.); RCAA0015/09/CS rwaciwe n’ Urukiko rw’ Ikirenga ku wa 29/04/2011 RCAA 0018/13/CS rwaciwe n’ Urukiko rw’ Ikirenga ku wa 29/04/2014 Urubanza I . IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA.

## Page 3

[1] Urubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga Umwali ROUSSEAU Jeanne D'Arc asaba Urukiko gukuraho itambamira (mainlevée) ku nzu yubatse mu kibanza upi : 2/07/08/01/3202 igakurwa mu mutungo watambamiwe na SKOL BREWERY LTD kuko itari mu mutungo wa Nyirazaninka Francine na Ndahimana Cyrille kubera ko waguzwe na Umwali ROUSSEAU Jeanne d’Arc, no gutegeka ko hakorwa ihererekanyamutungo (mutation) iyo nzu ikandikwa k’uwayiguze. [2] Umwali Rousseau Jeanne d’Arc yavugaga ko yagarutse mu Rwanda ashaka abo baguze kugirango bajye kwa Noteri yandikweho umutungo yaguze, bagezeyo basanze SKOL BREWERY Ltd yaratambamiye ihererekanya kuri iyo nzu UPI 2/07/08/01/3202, ko uyu mutungo watambamiwe mu by’ukuri utakiri uwa Nyirazaninka Francine na Ndahimana Cyrille kuko amasezerano y’ubugure yakozwe mbere y’ iryo tambama, uburanira SKOL BREWERY LTD we yavugaga ko umutungo Umwali Rousseau Jean d’Arc asaba kwandikwaho ari uwa Nyirazaninka Francine (uyifitiye umwenda ) na Ndahimana Cyrille nk’ uko bigaragazwa n’ icyemezo cy’umutungo UPI 2/07/08/01/3202 kibanditseho. [3] Urwo rubanza rwaraburanishijwe, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwemeza ko umutungo ubaruye kuri UPI 2/07/08/01/3202 ari uwa Umwali Rousseau Jeanne d’Arc, ko itambama ku mutungo ubaruye kuri UPI 2/07/08/01/3202 ryakozwe na SKOL BREWERY LTD riteshejwe agaciro n’ uko umutungo ubaruye kuri UPI 2/07/08/01/3202 wandikwa kuri Umwali Rousseau Jeanne d’Arc , SKOL BREWERY Ltd ijuririra urwo urwo rubanza ivuga ko Urukiko rutasobanuye impamvu yashingiyeho mu kwemeza ko inzitizi yo kutakira ikirego nta shingiro n’ uko Urukiko rutari kwemeza ko SKOL yakoze itambama ku mutungo wa Nyirazaninka kandi utakiri uwe kuko yari yarawugurishije; nyamara iryo gurisha nta “date certaine” rifite, hataranabaye ihererehanya ry’ uwo mutungo. [4] Ibibazo bisuzumwa muri uru rubanza ni ibijyanye no: a. Kumenya niba hatarasobanuwe impamvu yashingiyeho mu kwemeza ko inzitizi yo kutakira ikirego nta shingiro ifite. b. Kumenya niba Urukiko rutari kwemeza ko SKOL BREWERY LTD yakoze itambama ku mutungo wa Nyirazaninka kandi utakiri uwe kuko yari yarawugurishije; nyamara iryo gurisha nta “date certaine” rifite c. Indishyi z’ ikurikiranarubanza no guhemba Avoka II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA  Kumenya niba nta mpamvu yashingiweho mu kwemeza ko inzitizi yo kutakira ikirego nta shingiro [5] Me Mutembe Protais uburanira SKOL BREWERY LTD avuga ko yasabye kutakira ikirego kuko uwareze adafite uburenganzira ku mutungo aregera, ishingiye ku mpamvu eshatu z’ uko amasezerano asa nk’aho ari “ubugure-bushukanyi” bugamije guhisha SKOL umutungo, aho

## Page 4

kuba amasezerano agamije guhererekanya uburenganzira hagati y’ugurisha n’ugura (présomptions “d’une vente fictive”: murebe mu gice cya IV impamvu za “présomptions” twerekana),niba harabaye ubugure nyabwo, uwaguze ntiyabona uburenganzira ku bintu yaguze; kubera ko ihererekanya ry’umutungo utimukanwa rigira agaciro gusa iyo ubugure bwanditswe muri regisitiri y’ubutaka cyangwa bwakorewe imbere ya Noteri, nk’uko biteganywa n’amategeko; kandi ubugure bw’umutungo uburanwa ntabwo ari uko bwakozwe…, ko urubanza rwajuririwe rwemeje ko inzitizi ari nta shingiro ifite, ariko ntirwasobanura impamvu, ntirwagira icyo ruvuga ku ngingo z’amategeko bashingiyeho batanga inzitizi. [6] Me Uwuhoraho Prudence uburanira Umwali Rousseau Jeanne d’ Arc avuga ko iyo nzitizi nta shingiro igomba guhabwa, kubera ko hashingiwe ku masezerano yo ku wa 21/04/2015 yerekeye ubugure bw’inzu yubatse mu kibanza UPI: 2/07/08/01/3202 yaguzwe na Umwali Rousseau Jeanne d’Arc ayigura na Nyirazaninka Francine n’umugabo we Ndahimana Cyrille, abishyura amafaranga miliyoni umunani (8,000,000Frw) uwaguze yishyuye ayo mafaranga y’ikuguzi mu byiciro ndetse arangiza kuyishyura yose nk’ uko babyumvikanye; nyuma yo kugura Umwali Rousseau Jeanne d’Arc yishyuye amafaranga 20,000Frw kuwa 30/06/2015 yo gukora mutation kuri konti y’Akarere ka Muhanga iri muri GT BANK, nk’ uko bigaragazwa na bordereau yishyuriweho ayo mafaranga; [7] Akomeza avuga ko mu gihe barimo bitegura kujya gukora mutation kwa Noteri kugirango bakore ihererekanya ry’mutungo (mutation) kugirango unamwandikweho , Umwali Rousseau Jeanne d’Arc yahise asubira byihuse mu gihugu cy’ Ubufaransa kubera impamvu z’akazi kuko ari naho asanzwe atuye, ndetse anahakorera akazi, bityo Umwali Rousseau Jeanne d’Arc agenda adakoze ihererekanyamutungo (mutation), kugeza ubu;ko yagarutse mu Rwanda mu kwezi kwa 8/2021 ashaka abo baguze kugirango bajye kwa Noteri yandikweho umutungo yaguze, basanga SKOL Brewery Ltd yaratambamiye uyu mutungo UPI 2/07/08/01/3202, nyamara iyi nzu yatambamiwe mu by’ukuri itakiri mu mutungo wa Nyirazaninka Francine na Ndahimana Cyrille n’ ubwo itarabandukurwaho ko ariko aba nta burenganzira bakiyifiteho (usus, abusus na fructus), kuko itakiri iyabo dore ko ubukode bw’iyo nzu buhabwa Umwali Rousseau Jeanne d’Arc ndetse akaba ari we ufite icyemezo cy’ubukode burambye ; bityo ko basanga Urukiko rwajuririwe rubona ko iyo nzitizi nta shingiro ikwiye guhabwa , kubera ko n’ imanza zinyuranye zaciwe n’ Urukiko rw’ Ikirenga zatanze umurongo zivuga ko kuba nyir’umutungo adafite ibyangombwa byawo bimwanditseho bitavuze ko utari uwe. [8] Nyirazaninka Francine wiburanira anaburanira Ndahimana Cyrille, avuga ko inzu yubatse mu kibanza UPI 2/07/08/01/3202, iri mu ka garika Gahogo, Umurenge wa Nyamabuye, Akarere ka MUHANGA bayigurishije na Umwali Rousseau Jeanne d’Arc bagirango bikenure , ko bayigurisha ku wa 21/04/2015, hari n’Umuyobozi w’Akagari ka Gahogo ko rero natakwanga kumurera mutation ari yo mpamvu basaba Urukiko rutegeka ko urwego rubifite mu nshingano kubafasha gukora iyo mutation kuko bemera ko bayigurishije mbere yuko SKOL BREWERY Ltd itambamira uyu mutungo , ku bindi hagakurikizwa amategeko.

Uko Urukiko rubibona

## Page 5

[9] Kuba Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwaravuze ko nyuma yo gusuzuma iyo nzitizi, rwanzuye ko Umwali Rousseau Jean d’Arc afite inyungu n’ububasha mu rubanza, rukavuga ko urubanza ruburanishwa mu mizi, ni uko rwasanze imiburanire ya SKOL BREWERY Ltd nta shingiro yahabwa kuri iyo ngingo, dore ko rumaze gutegeka ko iburanisha rikomeza mu mizi rwaje gusanga itambama ku mutungo ubaruye kuri UPI 2/07/08/01/3202 ryakozwe na SKOL BREWERY LTD nta shingiro rifite ku buryo ritari kuba impamvu kuri Umwali Rousseau Jeanne d’Arc yo kudahabwa mutation yasabye. [10] Uru Rukiko rero rukaba rusanga ntaho binyuranyije n’ ibiteganywa n’ ingingo ya 132 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi aho ivuga ku bijyanye n’ uko ica ry’urubanza rigaragaza ingingo zishingiye ku byabaye n’amategeko ryashingiyeho mu gufata icyemezo n’ibiteganywa n’ ingingo ya 3 y’iryo Tegeko iteganya ko ikirego cyakirwa mu Rukiko iyo urega afite ububasha, inyungu n’ubushobozi byo kurega, keretse igihe itegeko ribiteganya ukundi, kubera ko amaherezo uru Rukiko rusanga urwo rubanza rwaraciwe hagaragajwe ingingo zishingiye ku byabaye n’ amategeko rwashingiyeho mu gufata icyemezo kigaragaza ko ibyo Umwali Rousseau Jeanne d’ Arc yasabaga bifite ishingiro, binagaragaza ko yari afite inyungu zo kurega, dore ko mu iburanisha ababuranyi bose baje kwemeranywa ko hatakiri ugushidikanya ko ubugure koko bwabayeho n’ ubwo ntahererekanya ry’ uwo mutungo ryabayeho.  Kumenya niba Urukiko rutari kwemeza ko SKOL yakoze itambama ku mutungo wa Nyirazaninka Francine kandi utakiri uwe kuko yari yarawugurishije nyamara iryo gurisha nta “date certaine” rifite [11] Me Mutembe Protais uburanira SKOL BREWERY LTD avuga ku wa 21/04/2015 Nyirazaninka Francine n’umugabo we bagurishije Umwali Rousseau Jeanne d’Arc umutungo UPI 2/07/08/01/3202; Umwali Rousseau J.d’Arc akaba yari ahagarariwe n’Uwamahoro Laurence wari warahawe ububasha bwo “kugura inzu”, “gukora mutation” no “gufata ibyangombwa byose birebana n’iyo nzu”…, ko Urubanza rwajuririwe rwemeje ko “amasezerano y’ubugure yakozwe mbere y’ikurikiranwa rya Nyirazaninka Francine kuko yahamwe n’icyaha cyahaye SKOL BREWERY LTD inyungu ku mutungo wabo muri 2019” , ko nyamara nta gihamya cy’uko itariki amasezerano y’ubugure yakoreweho ari itariki yo kwizerwa (“ date certaine”) iteganywa n’amategeko, ku bindi hakarebwa ibikubiye mu myanzuro. [12] Me Uwuhoraho Prudence uburanira Umwali Rousseau Jeanne d’ Arc avuga ko SKOL BREWERY Ltd ntacyo igomba kunenga amasezerano yo ku wa 21/04/2015 kuko impande zombi zayakoze (uwaguze ariwe Umwali Rousseau Jean d’Arc n’abagurishije aribo Nyirazaninka Francine n’umugabo we Ndahimana Cyrille) bayemera, ko ikindi ari uko Umwali Rousseau Jeanne d’Arc yarahaye ububasha(procuration) Uwamahoro Laurence Zachie bwo kumusinyira(stipulation pour autrui) kumukorera mutation, no gufata ibyangombwa, bityo ko ubwo burenganzira (procuration) bufite agaciro kuko bwanyujijwe muri Ambassade y’u Rwanda iri mu gihugu cy’ ubufaransa binemezwa na Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga ( MINAFFET) y’u Rwanda, ko izo nyandiko zose zakozwe mu mwaka wa 2015, mbere yuko SKOL Brewery

## Page 6

Ltd itambamira uyu mutungo UPI 2/07/08/01/3202, bityo ko uwo mutungo ugomba kwandikwa Umwali Rousseau Jeanne d’Arc . [13] Nyirazaninka Francine wiburanira aburanira n’ umugabo we Ndahimana Cyrille inzu yubatse mu kibanza UPI 2/07/08/01/3202, iri mu ka garika Gahogo, Umurenge wa Nyamabuye, Akarere ka Muhanga bayigurishije na Umwali Rousseau Jeanne d’Arc ku wa 21/04/2015hari n’ ubuyobozi akaba ari yo mpamvu fashyigikiye ko hakorwa mutation kuko cyane cyane ko bayigurishije mbere yuko SKOL BREWERY Ltd itambamira uyu mutungo, ko rero ari yo mpamvu basaba ko ubujurire bwa SKOL BREWERY Ltd butahabwa ishingiro, ko hagumaho urubanza RC00142/2021/TGI/MHG rwaciwe na TGI MUHANGA; Ibindi hazakurikizwe amategeko.

Uko Urukiko rubibona [14] Ingingo ya 12 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi igateganya ko urega agomba kugaragaza ibimenyetso by’ibyo aregera yabibura uwarezwe agatsinda. Ibijyanye n’ inshingano y’ urega yo kugaragaza ibimenyetso by’ ibyo aregera n’uko iyo abibuze uwarezwe atsinda binahura n’ ibyemejwe mu manza zinyuranye zaciwe n’ Urukiko rw’ Ikirenga nk’ urubanza RSOCAA 0061/12/CS rwo ku wa 02 Gicurasi 2014 (Icyegeranyo V. 1 - 2015 Mutarama, 2015, p.83) n’ urubanza RADA 0025/12/CS rwo ku wa 25 Mata 2014 (Reba Icyegeranyo V. 2 - 2015 Mata, 2015, p.3.). [15] Mubyashingiweho n’ Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa MUHANGA mu kwemeza ko ikirego cyatanzwe na SKOL BREWERY LTD nta shingiro gifite ,harimo ingingo ya 34 y’Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda yo muri 2003 nk’ uko ryavuguruwe muri 2015 ivuga ibyerekeye Uburenganzira ku mutungo bwite , iteganya ko buri muntu afite uburenganzira ku mutungo bwite, waba uwe ku giti cye cyangwa uwo asangiye n’abandi, ko umutungo bwite, uw’umuntu ku giti cye cyangwa uwo asangiye n’abandi utavogerwa, ko uburenganzira ku mutungo budahungabanywa keretse ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange kandi hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’amategeko. [16] Rwanasobanuye kandi ko rusanga ingingo ya 5 y’Itegeko Nº 43/2013 ryo kuwa 16/06/2013 rigenga ubutaka mu Rwanda ryakoreshwaga icyo gihe ivuga ko:«Uburenganzira ku butaka bushingira ku kuba nyirabwo yarabubonye ku bw’umuco, cyangwa se yarabuhawe n’urwego rubifitiye ububasha, cyangwa se yarabuguze»; ko amasezerano y'ubugure yakozwe ku wa 21/04/2015 yakozwe mbere y’ikurikiranywa rya Nyirazaninka Francine kuko yahamwe n’icyaha cyahaye SKOL BREWERY LTD inyungu ku mutungo wabo muri 2019 maze runasobanura ko uwabobye ubutaka mu buryo buteganywa n’ iyo ngingo yemerewe kubutunga ku buryo bw’ubukode burambye , bityo rwemeza ko kuba Leta mu itangazo Leta yasohoye ku wa ku wa 16/01/2020 rivuga ko buri Munyarwanda wese agomba kwandikisha ubutaka bwe; kuba Umwali Rousseau Jeanne D’Arc yaragaragaje ko inzu ibaruwe kuri UPI 2/07/08/01/3202 yayiguze ku wa 21/04/205 na we afite inshingano zo kwandikisha ubutaka yaguze

## Page 7

(mutation)muri 2015 nk’ uko bigaragazwa n’amasezerano y’ubugure na bordereau ya GT Bank Umwali Rousseau yishyuriyeho amafaranga yo gukoresha mutation ku wa 30/06/2015. [17] Uru Rukiko Rushingiye ku byasobanuwe ku rwego rwa mbere rugasanga nta kosa Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwakoze rutegeka ko itambama ku mutungo ubaruye kuri UPI 2/07/08/01/3202 ryakozwe na SKOL BREWERY LTD riteshejwe agaciro n’uko uwo umutungo ubaruye kuri UPI 2/07/08/01/3202 wandikwa kuri Umwali Rousseau Jeanne d’Arc , kubera ko ibimenyetso byavuzwe rwashingiyeho binashimangirwa n’ uko abagurishije uwo mutungo bakomeje kubyemeza mu maburanisha yose bigaragaza ko uwo mutungo utambamirwa utari ukiri uwa Nyirazaninka Francine ufite umwenda wa SKOL BREWERY LTD. [18] Urukiko kandi rushingiye ku bimaze gusobanurwa no kubiteganywa n’ ingingo ya 108 y’Itegeko no 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/5/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo1 ivuga ku bijyanye n’ibimenyetso bicukumbuwe no gusesengura urubanza, rukanasanga niba iteshagaciro ry’ iyandikishwa ry’ ubutaka rishoboka n’ uko icyemezo cy’ ubukode burambye ku butaka kitakiri ntayegayezwa kuko bishoboka ko cyateshwa agaciro mu gihe hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko uwo wanditseho atari nyirawo nk’ uko byemejwe nko mu rubanza RCAA 0018/13/CS rwaciwe n’ Urukiko rw’ Ikirenga ku wa 24/12/2014 by’ umwihariko mu bika byarwo bya 20-22, rukanasanga ibivugwa n’ Uburanira SKOL BREWERY LTD ko Urukiko rutari kwemeza ko yakoze itambama ku mutungo wa Nyirazaninka kandi utakiri uwe kuko yari yarawugurishije; nyamara iryo gurisha nta “date certaine” rifite, kubera ko UWALI Rousseau Jeanne d’ Arc atavutswa uburenganzira ku mutungo kandi ibimenyetso bidashidikanywaho byavuzwe bigaragaza ko ari nyirawo nta n’umwenda afitiye BREWERY LTD. [19] Ibivuzwe haruguru binashimangirwa n’ uko uru Rukiko rusanga nta cyabuza ko uvuga ko ubutaka ari ubwe yabigaragaza ibimenyetso ku buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose , ibi bikaba binahura n’ibyemejwe mu rubanza RCAA0015/09/CS rwaciwe n’ Urukiko rw’ Ikirenga ku wa 29/04/2011 aho nko mu gika cyarwo cya 11 , rwasobanuye ko Urebye ibyangombwa nk’uko rwari rwabisobanuye , mbere yuko hakorwa mutation ishingiye ku nyandiko yo ku wa 21/04/2005 imitungo iburanwa iri mu bibanza N° 579/Quartier Commercial na 710/Kacyiru ( yari yanditse kuri umwe mu baburanyi), naho ikibanza N° 711/Kacyiru yari afite amasezerano y’ubukode gusa. (uwasabaga kwandikwaho ikibanza) nta na hamwe agaragara, byaba mu byangombwa byatanzwe n’inzego zibishinzwe cyangwa ngo abe yarabashije kugaragariza Urukiko ku buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose ko mbere y’iriya tariki yari nyir’iyo mitungo yose cyangwa imwe muri yo. [20] Byongeye kandi no mu rubanza Nº RCAA 0018/13/CS rwaciwe ku wa 24/12/2014 n’ Urukiko rw’ Ikirenga ( nko mu bika byarwo bya 17 na 18) ku bjyanye no kumenya nyirikibanza kiburanwa hashingiwe ku bimenyetso birimo amasezerano y’ubugure bw’ishyamba yo ku wa 01/08/1988 n’ inyandiko y’Ubuyobozi bw’Umudugudu w’Urwibutso ku kibazo cy’ikibanza kiburanywa, aho umwe mu batangabuhamya yemereye imbere y’ uwo Mudugudu ko ari we wanditse ayo masezerano y’ubugure yemeza ko ahaburanwa haguzwe muri 1988, bituma urwo Rukiko rusanga ibyo bimenyetso bigaragaza nyirubutaka kuko uwari ubutunze yari yabubonye binyuranije n’ingingo ya 5 y’Itegeko Ngenga Nº 08/2005 ryo ku wa 14/07/2005 rigena 1 Ingingo ya 108 y’Itegeko no 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/5/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo iteganya ko ibimenyetso bicukumbuwe no gusesengura urubanza ari ibimenyetso bitacukumbuwe n’amategeko, bicukumburwa n’ubwenge n’ubushishozi bw’abacamanza, ko Abacamanza bagomba kwemera gusa ibyo bimenyetso iyo bikomeye, bisobanuye kandi bihuje.

## Page 8

imikoreshereze n’imicungire y’ubutaka mu Rwanda ryakoreshwaga abona icyangombwa cy’ikibanza kiburanwa ndetse n’ingingo ya 5 y’Itegeko Nº 43/2013 ryo kuwa 16/06/2013 rigenga ubutaka mu Rwanda zivuga ko : « Uburenganzira ku butaka bushingira ku kuba nyirabwo yarabubonye ku bw’umuco, cyangwa se yarabuhawe n’urwego rubifitiye ububasha, cyangwa se yarabuguze», ibiteganywa n’ iyi ngingo bikaba binahuza n’ ibyashingiweho ku rwego rwa mbere, bigaragaza ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye nta kosa rwakoze rwemeza ko uwo mutungo utatambamirwa, bityo n’ ubwo ihererekanya ry’ubutaka ritahise rikorwa nyuma y’ ubugure, ariko ntibyaba impamvu yo gufata ubutaka bwatambamiwe nk’ aho bukiri ubwa Ndahimana Cyrille na Nyirazaninka Francine kandi ibimenyetso bidashidikanywaho bigaragaza ko uwo mutungo ari uwa Umwali Rousseau Jeanne d’ Arc. [21] Kuba Me Mutembe Protais avuga ko Amasezerano y’ihererekanya ry’uburenganzira ku butaka akorwa mu nyandiko ishyirwaho umukono n’abahererekanya uburenganzira ku butaka, akemezwa kandi agahamywa n’umukono wa noteri w’ubutaka cyangwa undi munoteri ubihererwa uburenganzira n’umubitsi mukuru w’inyandikompamo z’ubutaka n’ uko ihererekanya ry’uburenganzira ku butaka rigira agaciro ari uko rimaze kwandikwa muri rejisitiri y’ubutaka hashingiwe kubiteganywa n’ ingingo ya 23 na 24 z’ Itegeko, uru Rukiko rusanga ibyo byashingirwaho gusa mu gusobanura ko SKOL BREWERY Ltd itambamira uwo mutungo itari yamenya ko wagurishijwe kubera ko nta hererekanya ryabwo ryari ryakabaye ukomeza kwandikwa kuwawugurishije, ariko ariko bikaba bitashingirwaho mu kwambura UWARI Rousseau Jeanne d’ Arc umutungo yaguze mu gihe abo bawuguze ari bo Ndahimana Cyrille na Nyirazaninka Francine nta kibazo bafitanye, nta n’ impaka bajya kubijyanye n’uko ayo masezerano yaba atarabayeho , dore ko uko byasobanuwe ubwabo bagiye babyemera mu Nkiko, bikanashimangirwa n’ amasezerano y’ubugure bw’inzu ibaruwe kuri UPI 2/07/08/01/3202 hagati ya Umwali Rousseau Jean d’Arc (uwaguze) Nyirazaninka Francine na Ndahimana Cyrille (abagurishije) yo ku wa 21/04/2015 yanemejwe n’ Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’ Akagari ka Gahogo agaragara muri dosiye ndetse no mu iburanisha mu bujurire ababuranyi bakaba batabihakana, ikibazo kikaba ari uko iyandukura n’ iyandikisha by’ uwo mutungo (mutation) ari byo byatinze bitewe n’ impamvu zasobanuwe, na byo bikaba bitambura uburenganzira uwaguze uwo mutungo kuko ubwo burenganzira ari ntahungabanywa uretse mu bihe biteganywa n’ amategeko uko byavuzwe.  Ku bijyanye n’ indishyi zisabwa mu bujurire bwuririye ku bundi [22] Me UWUHORAHO Prudence uburanira Umwali Rousseau Jeanne d’ Arc avuga ko basaba Urukiko gusuzuma ikirego cy’ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bugamije gusaba kurusaba gutegeka SKOL BREWERY Ltd kwishyura igihembo cy’Avocat n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza, ko SKOL BREWERY Ltd yategekwa kwishyura Umwali Rousseau Jeanne d’Arc amafaranga yakoresheje muri uru rubanza angana na 1,500,000Frw y’igihembo cy’Avocat umuhagarariye muri izi manza ndetse n’amafaranga 500,000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza. [23] Ndahimana Cyrille uburanirwa n’ umugore we yasabye kwishyurwa amafaranga 300,000Frw yo kuzanwa muri uru rubanza avuga ko byakozwe mu buryo bw'amaherere kuko atigeze yanga gukora mutation.

## Page 9

[24] Me Mutembe Protais uburanira SKOL avuga ko nta ndishyi yatanga kuko yabuze amafaranga yayo yagombaga kugaruza, ko ibyo yakoze yakurikiranaga uburenganzira bwayo itambamira ubutaka yamenyesheje impande zose, ko rero itacibwa indishyi. Uko Urukiko rubibona [25] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko no 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe, iteganya ko:" Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ari ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe", iya 152 y’ iryo Tegeko yo igateganya ko uregwa mu Rukiko rujuririrwa ashobora na we kugira ibyo asaba yiregura. [26] Ku bijyanye n’ indishyi zisabwa na Ndahimana Cyrille, uru Rukiko rusanga ntazo yahabwa kubera ko ku rwego rwa mbere atari SKOL BREWERY Ltd yari yamureze, bityo ikaba icyo yajuririye ari urubanza na we yari yabayemo umuburanyi, byongeye kandi bikaba byari na ngombwa ko arubonekamo kubera ko hari n’ ikibazo cyo kumenya ibijyanye n’ amasezerano y’ ubugure yari yagizemo uruhare. [27] Indishyi zisabwa na Umwali Rousseau Jeanne d’ Arc, rusanga izifite ishingiro ari izijyanye n’ igihembo cya Avoka kubera ko SKOL BREWERY Ltd yakomeje kumushora mu manza kandi yaramenye ko umutungo yatambamiye utakiri uw’uwari uyibereyemo umwenda, bityo rushingiye ku bimaze gusobanurwa no kubiteganywa n’ ingingo ya 33 y’amabwiriza no 01/2014 agenga ibihembo mbonera by’abavoka iteganya ko mu bujurire, avoka w’urega n’uw’uregwa bafite uburenganzira kuri ½ cy’igihembo cyumvikanyweho ku rwego rwa mbere, ku bw’ ibyo , SKOL BREWERY Ltd ikaba igomba kumwishyura amafaranga y’ u Rwanda ibihumbi magana abiri na mirongo itanu(250.000 Frws), bityo urubanza RC00142/2021/TGI/MHG rwaciwe ku wa 04/03/2022 n’ Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga ikaba igomba guhinduka ku bijyanye n’ indishyi zigenwe kuri uru rwego rw’ ubujurire. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO. [28] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa SKOL BREWERY Ltd nta shingiro bufite. [29] Rwemeje ko imikirize y’ urubanza RC 00142/2021/TGI/MHG rwaciwe ku wa 04/03/2022 n’ Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga ihindutse gusa ku bijyanye n’ indishyi zigenwe mu bujurire. [30] Rutegetse SKOL BREWERY LTD kwishyura Umwali Rousseau Jeanne d’ Arc amafaranga y’ u Rwanda ibihumbi magana abiri na mirongo itanu (250,000 Frws) y’ igihembo

## Page 10

cya Avoka, kuva uru rubanza rubaye ndakuka , bitaba ibyo agakurwa mu byayo ku ngufu za Leta. [31] Rutegetse ko amafaranga y’ igarama yatanzwe mu kujurira ahwanye n’ibyakozwe muri uru rubanza akaba aheze mu isanduku ya Leta.