SONARWA GENERAL INSURANCE COMPANY Ltd v BAZUBAHE

# SONARWA GENERAL INSURANCE COMPANY Ltd v BAZUBAHE

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2022-02-15 - Case/document no.: RCA 00023/2020/HC/RSZ - Collection: High Court

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SONARWA GENERAL INSURANCE COMPANY Ltd v BAZUBAHE [Rwanda URUKIKO RUKURU URUGEREKO RWA RUSIZI - RCA 00023/2020/HC/RSZ (Habimana, P.J.) 15 Gashyantare 2022]

Amategeko agenga imanza z’imbonezamubano - Indishyi ku bahohotewe bari mu kinyabiziga cyateje ibyago kirengeje umubare w’abo kishingiye – Kuba hagati y’umwishingizi n’uwishingiwe harabayeho kwica amasezerano hagati yabo uwishingiwe akarenza umubare w’abo agomba gutwara mu mudoka yafatiye ubwishingizi, ibyo nta ngaruka byagira ku bahohotewe ngo bibavutse uburenganzira ku ndishyi cyane ko itegeko ribivuga neza ko ku mpamvu izo ari zo zose umwishingizi agomba kwishingira ibyago byaba ku bantu bari bahetswe n’ikinyabiziga yishingiye, mu gihe yasanga hari ibyo agomba gusubizwa akazikurikiranira nyir'ikinyabiziga. Itegeko No 02/2002 ryo kuwa 17/01/2002 rihindura itegeko-teka N°32/75 ryo kuwa 7 Kanama 1975 ryerekeye Ubwishingizi butegetswe kuburyozwe butewe n’ibigenzwa ku butaka bifite moteri, ingingo ya 2.

Incamake y’ikibazo: Ku wa 12 Kamena 2018 habaye impanuka, imodoka Toyota Hilix ifite RAA 992 A yari itwawe na Uwase yakase ikorosi nabi bituma iyo modoka igwa hasi mu muhanda abantu yari atwaye bamwe barapfa abandi barakomereka bikomeye cyane barimo na Bazubahe wasigaranye ubumuga buhoraho bwa 75%. Uyu yahise akurikirana indishyi zikomoka kuri iyo mpanuka ariko ntiyumvikana n’umwishingizi ahita aregera Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rusizi rwemeza ko SONARWA GI CO Ltd igomba kumwishyura indishyi zitandukanye. Uregwa yahise ajuririra icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko Rukuru Urugereko rwa Rusizi akinenga ku kuba Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwaramutegetse gutanga indishyi nyamara nta buryozwe buturuka kuri iriya mpanuka yari afite bitewe n’uko uwishingiwe ariwe wakoze ikosa akarenza umubare w’abantu yishingiye gutwara mu modoka, hakaniyongeraho n’uruhare rw’ uregera indishyi wemeye kujya mu modoka kandi azi neza ko ishinzwe gutwara imizigo. Bazubahe we avuga ko impanuka yamukomerekeje yatewe n'amakosa y'umushoferi Uwase wari utwaye imodoka yishingiwe na SONARWA, ndetse akaba yaranahamijwe icyaha mu rubanza RP 00087/2018/TB/KAG. Kubwo ibyo rero umwishizi agomba kwishingira amakosa y'ufite ikinyabiziga kandi akishyura uwahohotewe mu gihe yari ahetswe nacyo ku mpamvu izo arizo zose. Akomeza avuga ko kumushinja uruhare rwe muri iyo mpanuka ataribyo kuko umugenzi adategetswe kumenya niba ikinyabiziga gifite ubwinshingizi cyangwa kitabufite kuko habaho n'ubwishingizi bwa rusange (assurance commune) bufatwa umunsi umwe cyangwa urenze bitewe ni mpamvu runaka ituma umuntu atwara abantu barenze abo asanzwe atwara ibyo rero ntabwo umugenzi yabimenya kandi ntiyanabiryozwa. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Kuba ikinyabiziga cyari cyishingiwe na SONARWA GI CO Ltd aricyo cyateje impanuka, nta mpamvu n’imwe yatuma abafite uburenganzira ku ndishyi batazihabwa mu gihe ikinyabiziga yishingiye aricyo cyateje ibyago; Kuba kandi hagati y’umwishingizi n’uwishingiwe harabayeho kwica amasezerano hagati yabo uwishingiwe akarenza umubare w’abo agomba gutwara mu mudoka yafatiye ubwishingizi, nta ngaruka byagira ku bahohotewe ngo

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bibavutse uburenganzira ku ndishyi cyane ko itegeko ribivuga neza ko ku mpamvu izo ari zo zose umwishingizi agomba kwishingira ibyago byaba ku bantu bari bahetswe n’ikinyabiziga yishingiye, bityo rero SONARWA GI CO Ltd igomba guha Bazubahe indishyi zitandukanye. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 115. Itegeko-teka N° 20/75 ryo ku wa 20/06/1975 rirebana n’amasezerano y’ubwishingizi, ingingo ya 1. Itegeko teka No 32/75 ryo ku wa 07/08/1975 ryerekeye ubwishingizi bw’uburyozwe butegetswe ku binyabiziga bigenzwa na moteri, ingingo ya 6, 11. Itegeko No 02/2002 ryo ku wa 17/01/2002 rihindura itegeko-teka N°32/75 ryo kuwa 7 Kanama 1975 ryerekeye Ubwishingizi butegetswe kuburyozwe butewe n’ibigenzwa ku butaka bifite moteri, ingingo ya 2. Nta manza zifashishijwe Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ku wa 12/06/2018 mu mudugudu wa Nyanza, akagari ka Nyarusange, umurenge wa Bushekeri, akarere ka Nyamasheke, Intara y’Iburengerazuba habereye impanuka ubwo imodoka ya Toyota Hilix ifite RAA 992 A yari itwawe n’umushoferi witwa Uwase Alphonse yakase ikorosi nabi bituma imodoka igwa hasi mu muhanda abantu yari atwaye muri iyo modoka bamwe bitaba Imana abandi barakomereka bikomeye cyane barimo na Bazubahe James wasigaranye ingano y’ubumuga buhoraho bwa 75%. Bazubahe James yahise akurikirana indishyi zikomoka kuri iyo mpanuka ariko nyuma yo kutumvikana n’umwishingizi ahita aregera Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rusizi narwo rwaje kwemeza ko SONARWA GI CO Ltd igomba kumwishyura indishyi z’ibangamirabukungu zingana n’amafaranga 10.756.539Frw, indishyi z’akababaro zingana n’amafaranga 1.080.000Frw, indishyi z’ibangamira ry’uburambe mu kazi zingana n’amafaranga 540.000Frw, indishyi zo gutakaza amahirwe yo gushaka zingana n’amafaranga 1.080.000Frw, amafaranga 2.200Frw yakoreshejwe mu kugura ibyemezo byo mu buyobozi, amafaranga 50.000Frw yakoresheje mu ngendo ajya kwivuza, amafaranga 100.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza, amafaranga 500.000Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka, n’amafaranga 20.000Frw yatanzeho ingwate y’amagarama, ikayamusubiza mu gihe cy’ukwezi kumwe kuva urubanza rubaye ndakuka, itayamusubiza mu gihe gitegetswe ikajya iyatangira indishyi za 4% buri munsi kugeza igihe izayishyurira. [2] SONARWA GI CO Ltd yahise ijuririra icyo cyemezo ikinenga ku kuba Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwarayitegetse gutanga indishyi zinyuranye nyamara nta buryozwe buturuka kuri iriya mpanuka yari ifite bitewe n’uko uwishingiwe ariwe wakoze ikosa akarenza umubare w’abantu yishingiye gutwara mu modoka, hakaniyongeraho n’uruhare rwa Bazubahe James

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wemeye kujya mu modoka kandi azi neza ishinzwe gutwara imizigo. SONARWA GI CO Ltd yasobanuye kandi ko batishimiye impamvu Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwanze kugobokesha ku gahato uwitwa Kamanzi Wellars kugira ngo agaragaze abantu yaba yarafatiye ubwishingizi ariko urukiko rukabyima ishingiro. [3] Ku ruhande rwa Bazubahe James indishyi yasobanuye ko ibivugwa na SONARWA GI CO Ltd nta shingiro bifite kubera ko impanuka yamukomerekeje yatewe n'amakosa y'umushoferi Uwase Alphonse wari utwaye imodoka yishingiwe na SONARWA, ndetse akaba yaranahamijwe icyaha mu rubanza RP 00087/2018/TB/KAG. Kuba bimeze bityo rero ubwishingizi butegetswe bwishingira amakosa y'ufite ikinyabiziga kandi bukishyura uwahohotewe mu gihe yari ahetswe nacyo ku mpamvu izo arizo zose. Kubijyanye no kuba ngo uwahohotewe yari afite amakosa angana n’uruhare rwa 100% mu mpanuka kuburyo byavanaho uburyozwe ku mwishingizi, yasobanuye ko ntaho SONARWA GI CO Ltd ibikura kubera ko raporo y’ubugenzacyaha yagaragaje nyir’amakosa. Kubijyanye no kugobokesha ku gahato uwitwa Kamanzi Wellars yasobanuye ko nta shingiro bifite kubera ko SONARWA ubwayo ariyo yamwandikiye imumenyesha ko igiye kwishyura abo yahohoteye ikazamwikurikiranira ku giti cye ku ndishyi izaba yatanze zirenga ku mubare w’abantu yishingiye. [4] Nyuma yo kumva ibisobanuro ku mpande zombi Urukiko rwahise rusuzuma ibibazo bikurikira: - Kumenya niba kurenza umubare wafatiwe ubwishingizi bivutsa uburenganzira ku ndishyi abahohotewe n’ikinyabiziga cyateje impanuka; - Kumenya niba Kamanzi Wellars yagobokeshwa ku gahato muri uru rubanza; - Ibijyanye n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya avoka.

II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA a) Kumenya niba kurenza umubare wafatiwe ubwishingizi bivutsa uburenganzira ku ndishyi abahohotewe n’ikinyabiziga cyateje impanuka [5] Me Cyiza Faustin mu izina rya SONARWA GI CO Ltd mu kujuririra urubanza RC 00119/2019/TGI/RSZ rwaciwe kuwa 30/09/2020 yasobanuye ko mu gihe cyo kuburana, SONARWA yavugaga ko itaryozwa indishyi kuko nta bwishingizi Kamanzi Wellars nyir’imodoka yakoze impanuka yari afite bwo gutwara abantu mu mwanya wagenewe imizigo kuko ingingo ya 66.4 ya Code de la Route ibibuza igira iti : ‘Umuyobozi wa kimwe mu binyabiziga byavuzwe ku gika cya mbere abujijwe gutwara abantu mu bice y'inyuma bya karisoro y'icyo kinyabiziga cyangwa ya romoruki yacyo’. Iri Tegeko Bazubahe ngo yari arizi, niba atari arizi ntabwo yabyitwaza ngo byemerwe hashingiwe ku ihame ry’uko ntawakwitwaza ko atazi itegeko. [6] Me Cyiza Faustin yasobanuye kandi ko nanone ngo hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 2 y’Itegeko No 41/2001 ryo kuwa 19/09/2001 ryerekeye imyishyurire y’abangijwe n’impanuka zitewe n’ikinyabiziga bigenzwa na moteri kandi bigenda butaka, nta ndishyi Bazubahe james yahabwa kuko afite uruhare rwa 100% muri iyi mpanuka bitewe n’uko yemeye gutwarwa n’imodoka itwaye

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imizigo. Iyo ngingo ikaba igira iti « Indishyi zivugwa kuva ku ngingo ya 4 kugeza ku ya 10 z’iri Tegeko zigabanywa hakurikijwe uruhare uwangijwe yagize mu mpanuka yabaye. Ikosa ry’uwangirijwe ntirimwemerera uruhare ku ndishyi cyangwa uburenganzira ku bintu bye». Biratangaje rero ngo kubona Urukiko rwirengagiza iyi ngingo, rukemeza ko Bazubahe James nta makosa yakoze nyamara yarabonaga neza ko imodoka agiyemo itagenewe gutwara abantu ahubwo itwara imizigo, akanabona ko bari mu modoka ari umurengera. Ku bw’ibyo, SONARWA GI CO Ltd isanga: Bazubahe yaragombaga kwirengera ingaruka y’amakosa ye angana na 100% kuko yemeye kujya mu mwanya w’imizigo kandi abona neza ko ari umuntu; bityo akaba yakagombye gusaba izo ndishyi Kamanzi Wellars nyir’imodoka. [7] Ku ruhande rwa Bazubahe James ahagarariwe na Me Habanimfura Michel yasobanuye ko ruri iyi ngingo y'ubujurire ya SONARWA nta shingiro ifite kubera ko SONARWA GI CO Ltd irimo ivuga ko Bazubahe James yakoze amakosa ngo 100%; Ibyo ivuga ngo ntabwo bazi aho ibikura kuko byagakwiye kuba byanditse muri PV DE SYNTHESE D'ACCIDENT none nta birimo kuko niyo nyandiko ikorwa n'urwego rubifitiye ububasha igaraga icyateje impanuka n'uruhare bwa buri muntu uba uri mu kinyabiziga. Kuba rero nta bigaragaramo ngo ntabwo Urukiko arirwo rwemeza ko uwahohotewe ariwe nyirabayazana w’impanuka dore ko uwateje impana ari Uwase Alphonse washyize abantu mu modoka akarenza umubare w'abantu afitiye ubwishingi. Ntabwo rero umugenzi ategetswe kumenya niba ikinyabiziga gifite ubwinshingizi cyangwa kitabufite kuko habaho n'ubwishingizi bwa rusange (assurance commune) bufatwa umunsi umwe cyangwa urenze bitewe ni mpamvu runaka ituma umuntu atwara abantu barenze abo asanzwe atwara , ibyo rero ntabwo umugenzi yabimenya nta n'ubwo yabiryozwa, akaba ari nayo mpamvu Umwishingi (SONARWA GI CO Ltd) akimara kubona ubusabe bw'abantu basaba indishyi yabasabye bose kuza muri contre expertise ndetse SONARWA inandikira Nyiri modoka Kamanzi Wellars imumenyesha ko izishyura abantu bose bari muri iyo modoka ariko nyuma ikazamukurikirana agasubiza indishyi zizaba zatanzwe. [8] Me Habanimfura Michel yashoje avuga ko ashingiye ku ngingo ya 11 y’Itegeko- Teka No 32/75 riteganya ubwishingire butegetswe ku buryozwe butewe n’ibigenzwa ku butaka bifite moteri ivuga ko: "Nta mpamvu n'imwe yataye agaciro, igira icyo izigama cyangwa itagikurikizwa bitewe n'itegeko cyangwa amasezerano, uwishingiye yakwitwaza ku wangilijwe...", ashingiye kandi ku manza z'abandi bantu bari muri iyo modoka zamaze kuba itegeko kuko SONARWA itigeze izijurira. Izo manza zikaba zifite numero RC 00002/2020/TGI/RSZ rwa Habanabakize Pascal C/ SONARWA, Urundi rubanza RC 00003/2020/TGI/RSZ rwa Nyiranzabandora Speciose C/ SONARWA, urundi rufite numero RC 00154/2019/TGI/RSZ rwa Nyiransabimana Beatha C/ SONARWA, Akanashingira kandi na none ku ibaruwa SONARWA yandikiye nyir’imodoka yo kuwa 24/05/2019 igaragaza ko yemera uburyozwe bwo kwishyura abantu bose bari muri iyo modoka ariko nyuma ikazakurikirana uwateje iyo mpanuka akabishyura amafaranga arenga ku bantu yari yatwaye; Ashingiye no ku cyemezo cy'urukiko cyafashwe mu rubanza rujurirwa, ngo asanga impamvu v itanga ijurira nta shingiro ifite kubera irimo ishingira ku masezerano uregwa atazi atigeze anagiramo uruhare bityo kugeza ubu nta kindi kimenyetso SONARWA itanga mu bujurire cyavuguruza ibyo uregwa yatanze kandi hari ibimenyetso ubwayo yizaniye biyifasha gutsirwa urubanza. Kuba ivuga ko abakozi bayo bakoze amakosa bakandika iyo baruwa igaragaza uburyozwe ibyo ngo ntabwo Urukiko rwabiha agaciro kubera ko kuva imanza zatangira ntaho yigeze yandika ivuguruza iyo baruwa ahubwo bivuzwe bwa mbere hano mu bujurire n'Avocat uhagarariye SONARWA GI CO Ltd.

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[9] Ingingo ya 1 al.1,2 y’itegeko-teka N° 20/75 ryo kuwa 20/06/1975 rirebana n’amasezerano y’ubwishingizi ivuga ko amasezerano y’ubwishingire ari amasezerano, umwe mu bayagize witwa uwishingira, yiyemezamo, ariko abihembewe, kuzarihirira undi, witwa uwishingiwe cyangwa ushinganywe, mu gihe aguweho na kimwe mu byago byateganyijwe mu masezerano. Ubwishingire bw'indishyi bukaba bwishingira ibyago byaba ku mutungo w’uwishingiwe cyangwa ibyo yaryozwa. [10] Ingingo ya 6 y’itegeko teka No32/75 ryo kuwa 07/08/1975 ryerekeye ubwishingizi bw’uburyozwe butegetswe ku binyabiziga bigenzwa na moteri ivuga ko ubwishingire butuma habaho uburenganzira bw’uwahohotewe bwo kwaka indishyi umwishingizi. Bishatse kuvuga ko igihe cyose nyir’ikinyabiziga cyateje impanuka afite amasezerano y’ubwishingizi bw’iby’abandi yakwangiza, uwahohotewe aba afite uburenganzira bwo guhita asaba indishyi uwo mwishingizi w’icyo kinyabiziga1. [11] Ingingo ya 2 y’itegeko No 02/2002 ryo kuwa 17/01/2002 rihindura itegeko-teka N°32/75 ryo kuwa 7 Kanama 1975 ryerekeye Ubwishingizi butegetswe kuburyozwe butewe n’ibigenzwa ku butaka bifite moteri ivuga ko ubwishingizi bugornba kwishingira uburyozwe bwa nyir'ikinyabiziga, ubw’ugifite n’ubw'ugitwaye wese, uretse igihe cyaba gifitwe n'uwakibye cyangwa uwacyambuye ku gahato. Ubwishingizi bugornba kwishingira ibyago biba ku bantu no ku bintu biturutse ku mpamvu zabereye mu Rwanda. Bugomba kwishingira ibyago biba ku bantu bari bahetswe n’ibinyabiziga ku mpamvu izo ari zo zose, mu gihe icyo kinyabiziga cyateje ibyo byago. Ibintu bihetswe n'ikinyabiziga bishobora kutabarirwa mu bwishingizi habayeho amasezerano yihariye. Nkuko byasobanuwe mu gika kibanziriza iki, iyi ngingo nayo ishimangira ko ubwishingizi bugornba kwishingira ibyago biba ku bantu no ku bintu biturutse ku mpamvu zabereye mu Rwanda. Bugomba kwishingira ibyago biba ku bantu bari bahetswe n’ibinyabiziga ku mpamvu izo ari zo zose, mu gihe icyo kinyabiziga cyateje ibyo byago. [12] Hagendewe ku nyandiko mvugo yo kuwa 18/07/2018 yakozwe n’umugenzacyaha wageze ahabereye impanuka, bigaragara ko uwateje ibyago ari uwari utwaye ikinyabiziga Toyota Hilix ifite RAA 992 A witwa Uwase Alphonse wagize ubuteganye buke ntiyitondera umuhanda ndetse ntiyita no ku bwinshi bw’abantu yari apakiye. Bivuze ko kuba iki kinyabiziga cyari cyishingiwe na SONARWA GI CO Ltd aricyo cyateje impanuka nk’uko bigarukwaho mu gika kibanziriza iki, nta mpamvu n’imwe yatuma abafite uburenganzira ku ndishyi batazihabwa mu gihe ikinyabiziga yishingiye aricyo cyateje ibyago ; Kuba rero hagati y’umwishingizi n’uwishingiwe harabayeho kwica amasezerano hagati yabo uwishingiwe akarenza umubare w’abo agomba gutwara mu mudoka yafatiye ubwishingizi bi, Urukiko rurasanga ibyo nta ngaruka byagira ku bahohotewe ngo bibavutse uburenganzira ku ndishyi cyane ko itegeko ribivuga neza ko ku mpamvu izo ari zo zose umwishingizi agomba kwishingira ibyago byaba ku bantu bari bahetswe n’ikinyabiziga yishingiye, ndetse bikanashimangirwa n’ingingo ya 11 y'Itegeko teka No 32/75 ryo kuwa 07/08/1975 ryavuzwe haruguru iteganya ko nta cyabera intambamyi ku buryozwe sosiyete

1 L'assurance fait naître au profit de la personne lésée un droit propre contre l'assureur “7 août 1975 - décret-loi Nº32/75. assurance obligatoire de la responsabilité civile en matière de véhicules automoteurs”

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y'ubwishingizi igomba uwahohotewe. Mu gihe yasanga hari ibyo igomba gusubizwa ikazikurikiranira nyir'ikinyabiziga.

b) Kumenya niba Kamanzi Wellars yagobokeshwa ku gahato muri uru rubanza

[13] Me Cyiza Faustin mu izina rya SONARWA GI CO Ltd yasobanuye ko mu gihe cyo kuburana, yasabye ko nyir’imodoka wari ifite ubwishingizi bw’abantu 6 gusa agatwara 23 ari nayo ntandaro y’impanuka yagobokeshwa mu rubanza kandi iryo gobokeshwa ku gahato rikaba ryari ryubahirije amategeko, ariko ngo Urukiko rwo rwarabyanze ngo kuko hari ibaruwa SONARWA yigeze kwandika ivuga ko izishyura. SONARWA ariko isanga iri ari ikosa ry’Urukiko kuko niba hari abakozi bayo bibeshye bakavuga ko bazishyura bitashingirwaho n’Urukiko kuko icyo rwagombaga kureba ari ukumenya niba iryo gobokeshwa rikurikije amategeko gusa, naho ibindi bikaba ari amarangamutima adakwriye kwitabwaho mu Rukiko. SONARWA kandi irahamya ko, hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 11 ya y’itegeko teka no 20/75 yo kuwa 20/06/1975 ireba ubwishingizi muri rusange, ubwishingizi bubazwa ibyo bwatangiwe gusa kandi ntibureba ibyo nyiri kubufata yashoboraga kwirinda. Ku bw’ibyo, SONARWA irasaba ko Kamanzi Wellars agobokeshwa kugira ngo abe ari we uryozwa indishyi mu gihe Bazubahe James yaba nta ruhare afite mu mpanuka yabaye. [14] Mu kwiregura Bazubahe James ahagarariwe na Me Habanimfura Michel yasobanuye ko no mpamvu y'ubujurire bwa SONARWA nta shingiro ifite kubera ko SONARWA isaba ko Kamanzi Wellars yagombaga kugobokeshwa mu rubanza rwajuririwe ngo kubera ko ariwe nyiri modoka, iyo mpamvu rero y'ubujurire nta shingiro, byasobanuwe mu rubanza rubanziriza urundi ku rwego rwa mbere rwafashe icyemezo cyo kutagobokesha Kamanzi Wellars kubera ko SONARWA ubwayo mu ibaruwa yo kuwa 24/05/2019 yandikire nyir’imodoka Kamanzi Wellars ibaruwa igaragaza ko yemera uburyozwe bwo kwishyura abantu bose bari muri iyo modoka ariko nyuma ikazakurikirana uwateje iyo mpanuka akabishyura amafaranga arenga ku bantu yari yatwaye kandi uwateje impanuka akanabihanirwa. Ntabwo ari Kamanzi Wellars ahubwo ni Uwase Alphonse nk'uko bigaragara kuri PV D'ACCIDENT ndetse no muri kopi y'urubanza rwamuhamije icyaha rufite numero RP 00087/2018/TB/KAG rwaciwe n'urukiko rw'ibanze rwa Kagano kandi muri urwo rubanza bagaragaza uhamwa n'icyaha kuburyo ntaho Urukiko rwari gushingira rwemeza ko Kamanzi Wellars agomba kugobokeshwa muri urwo rubanza kuko atariwe wari utwaye imodoka uretse n'ibyo kandi ngo ingingo ya 115 y’itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi igaragaza impamvu umuntu agomba kugobokeshwa ku gahato mu rubanza ni uko aba ashobora kuzatambamira imikirize yarwo, none Kamanzi Wellars yagaragaje ko nta nyungu nimwe afite muri urwo rubanza yaba iziguye cyangwa itaziguye dore ko no mu bujurire nta myanzuro bigeze bamuha bamusaba kuza mu rubanza rw'ubujurire nk'uko biteganyijwe mu ngingo ya 116 y’iri tegeko.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA

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[15] Ingingo ya 115 y’itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi ivuga ko kugobokesha ku gahato umuburanyi mu rubanza bisabwa n’umuburanyi ushaka ko umuntu utari mu rubanza aruzanwamo kugira ngo na we aburane, hato atazatambamira imikirize yarwo. Umuburanyi ushaka kugobokesha undi muntu mu rubanza abigaragaza mu mwanzuro utanga ikirego cyangwa wo kwiregura, akabimenyesha ugobokeshwa. Icyakora, iyo habonetse impamvu yihariye ituma kugobokesha biba mu gihe cy’iburanisha, umucamanza ashobora kubisuzuma akabifataho icyemezo. Ibi bisobanuye ko imwe mu mpamvu nyamukuru ishobora gutuma umuburanyi asaba kugobokesha ku gahato undi muntu utari mu rubanza, ari ukuba ashaka kwirinda ko uwo muntu yazatambamira imikirize y’urwo rubanza maze agasaba ko aruzanwamo kugira ngo abatsindire hamwe. [16] Bazubahe James atanga ikirego mu rukiko yaregeraga indishyi zitandukanye zikomoka ku mpanuka y’imodoka yamukomerekeje ku wa 12/06/2018, maze azirega umwishingizi w’imodoka yari itwawe na Uwase Alphonse wabaye nyirabayazana w’iyo mpanuka. Muri uru rubanza nta mpamvu n’imwe SONARWA GI CO Ltd yigeze igaragaza yafatwaho icyemezo cyatuma Kamanzi Wellars yifuza kugobokesha ku gahato yazakenera kugitambamira. Icyo kikaba gihagije kugira ngo urukiko rube rwatesha agaciro icyifuzo cye cyo guhagarika uru rubanza kugira ngo habanze hazanwemo undi muburanyi, kubera ko bigaragara ko ari uburyo bwo gutinza urubanza ukurikije n’icyo yashingiyeho asaba ko Kamanzi Wellars azanwa mu rubanza ko ari ukugira ngo arugaragarize abantu yaba yarishingiye kugira ngo nabo babone aho bahera bamwishyuza abandi yarengeje ku mubare yari yarafatiye ubwishingizi. Ikindi kandi ntabwo ari akarengane yakorewe nk’uko ibivuga kubera ko nta burengazira yaba yaravukijwe bwo kuba yazamwishyuza nyuma nk’uko bikubiye mu ibaruwa SONARWA yandikiye uyu Kamanzi Wellars yavuzwe haruguru.

c) Indishyi z’ikurikirana rubanza n’igihembo cya avoka

[17] Bazubahe James ahagarariwe na Me Habanimfura Michel yasabye ko SONARWA GI Ltd yategekwa kumwishyura amafaranga yakoresheje mu gukurikirana uru rubanza n’igihembo cya avoka ku rwego rw’ubujurire angana na 1.250.000Frw. Hagendewe ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 111 y’itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi ivuga ko ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ari ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kikaba kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo; kandi kikaba gishobora kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe; Urukiko rurasanga indishyi zisabwa ku rwego rw’ubujurire zifite ishingiro, ariko zikaba zigomba gutangwa mu bushishozi bw’urukiko hagendewe ku mirimo yakozwe mu rubanza harimo ko ababuranyi batitabye urukiko inshuro zirenze eshatu, bityo akaba agomba kwishyurwa amafaranga 500.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya avoka ku rwego rw’ubujurire.

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III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [18] Rwemeye kwakira ikirego cy’ubujurire rwashyikirijwe na SONARWA General Insurance Company Ltd rugisuzumye rusanga nta shingiro gifite. [19] Rwemeje ko nta gihindutse ku mikirize y’urubanza RC 00119/2019/TGI/RSZ rwaciwe kuwa 30/09/2020 n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rusizi usibye indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya avoka ziyongereyeho ku rwego rw’ubujurire. [20] Rutegetse SONARWA General Insurance Company Ltd kwishyura Bazubahe James indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya avoka zingana n’amafaranga 500.000Frw, itazitanga ku neza kandi mu gihe giteganywa n’amategeko zikazavanwa mu byayo ku gahato za Leta. [21] Rutegetse ko ingwate y’amagarama yatanzwe na SONARWA General Insurance Company Ltd ijurira ihera mu isanduku ya Leta.