TEUSCHER v BUFCOFFER

# TEUSCHER v BUFCOFFER

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2022-06-10 - Case/document no.: RCOM 00004/2022/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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TEUSCHER INVEST LTD v BUFCOFFEE LTD [Rwanda URUKIKO RW UBUJURIRE – RCOM 00004/2022/CA, (Ngagi, P.J.,) 10 Kamena 2022] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y imanza z ubucuruzi – Ikirego cyihutirwa cyatanzwe n’umuburanyi utaratanze ikirego cy iremezo – Ikirego cyihutirwa ni umuhango w’iburanisha utuma uwatanze ikirego cy’iremezo mu Rukiko agira ibyo asaba urwo Rukiko kugira ngo hafatwe icyemezo cyihuse kigamije kurengera inyungu ze. Ntabwo uwo muhango rero uba ugenewe umuburanyi utaratanze ikirego cy’iremezo. Incamake y ikibazo: Sosiyete TEUSCHER INVEST Ltd yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi irega sosiyete BUFCOFFEE Ltd ivuga ko iyibereyemo umwenda ungana na 94.017 USD uturuka ku ikawa yayigemuriye. Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwemeje ko BUFCOFFEE Ltd ibereyemo TEUSCHER INVEST Ltd kandi ko igomba kwishyura 94.017 USD y’umwenda iyibereyemo na 20.627.496,5 Frw y’inyungu zitangwa mu mwanya w’indishyi. BUFCOFFEE Ltd ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza, irujuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, isaba ko rwateshwa agaciro ishingiye ku kuba isanga uwaregaga atarabashije kugaragaza ko kawa yagemuraga yari ifite amanota angana na 84%, na cyane ko isanga Urukiko rwaritiranije kwakira kawa no kuyipima, bityo ikaba isaba ko byasuzumwa neza n’Urukiko rwajuririwe. Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwemeje ko ubujurire rwashyikirijwe na BUFCOFFEE Ltd nta shingiro bufite, rwemeza ko hagumyeho imikirize y’urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi. BUFCOFFEE Ltd ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza maze ijuririra na none mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, ariko mu gihe urubanza rwari rutarahabwa itariki y’iburanisha, TEUSCHER INVEST Ltd yatanze ikirego cyihutirwa isaba Urukiko gufata icyemezo cyihuse gishinganisha imitungo ya BUFCOFFEE Ltd, haburanishwa ikibazo cyo kumenya niba uregwa yemerewe gutanga ikirego cyihutirwa mu rukiko mu gihe nta kirego cy’iremezo afite muri urwo rukiko, avuga ko nubwo BUFCOFFEE Ltd ari yo irega mu rubanza rw’iremezo ariko nta cyabuza TEUSCHER INVEST Ltd gutanga ikirego cyihutirwa kuko ari yo yatanze ikirego ku rwego rwa mbere, ko rero ufite inyungu wese yatanga ikirego cyihutirwa nubwo yaba atari we urega mu rubanza rw’iremezo, ko kandi ntaho itegeko ribuza ufite inyungu nubwo yaba aregwa kuba yatanga ikirego cyihutirwa. Incamake y icyemezo: Ikirego cyihutirwa ni umuhango w’iburanisha utuma uwatanze ikirego cy’iremezo mu Rukiko agira ibyo asaba urwo Rukiko kugira ngo hafatwe icyemezo cyihuse kigamije kurengera inyungu ze. Ntabwo uwo muhango rero uba ugenewe utaratanze icyo kirego cy’iremezo. Ikirego cyihutirwa nticyakiriwe.

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Amagarama ahwanye n ibyarukozwemo. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 185. Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza RCOM 0011/13/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’ikirenga ku wa 10/01/2013, haburana BEN BENZINGE na Natural Resources Development Rwanda Ltd. Urubanza I.IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA

[1] TEUSCHER INVEST Ltd yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ivuga ko BUFCOFFEE Ltd iyibereyemo umwenda ungana na 94.017 USD uturuka ku ikawa yayigemuriye. Mu gusobanura ikirego cyayo, TEUSCHER INVEST Ltd ivuga ko ku wa 12/04/2015 habayeho amasezerano yo kugemurira BUFCOFFEE Ltd ikawa, impande zombi zumvikana ko ayo masezerano azamara imyaka itanu (5) izatangira kubarwa kuva ashyizweho umukono ku wa 12/04/2015, ikawa ikazajya igurwa ku biciro bya 5,5 USD (Grade A1, Screen 15 and higher) naho kuri screen zifite 12 hakabaho ubwumvikane ku giciro-Market Price; zinumvikana ko mu gihe TEUSCHER INVEST Ltd igemuriye ikawa BUFCOFEE Ltd igomba guhita yishyura nyuma yo kubona Certificate of Receipt na Invoice. Ivuga ko yagiye igemurira BUFCOFEE Ltd ikawa, igakorerwa invoices ku giciro cya 5,5 USD ku kiro nk’uko babyumvikanyeho uretse invoice n° 022/2017 yo ku wa 13/12/2017 na invoice n° 001/2016 yo ku wa 21/04/2016 zakozwe ku giciro cya 4 USD ku kiro, bamaze kubyumvikanaho, nayo ikagenda yishyura izo invoices buhoro buhoro uko ibonye amafaranga, ishingiye ku ikawa yakiriye ndetse na invoices, kugeza inaniwe kwishyura 94.017 USD yari isigayemo ari nayo irimo kuregera.

[2] Mu rubanza RCOM 01651/2020/TC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 05/01/2021, urwo Rukiko rwemeje ko BUFCOFFEE Ltd ibereyemo TEUSCHER INVEST Ltd umwenda ungana 94.017 USD, ruyitegeka kwishyura 94.017 USD y’umwenda iyibereyemo na 20.627.496,5 Frw y’inyungu zitangwa mu mwanya w’indishyi, runayitegeka kwishyura 100.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza, 500.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka na 20.000 Frw y’ingwate y’igarama.

[3] BUFCOFFEE Ltd ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza, irujuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, isaba ko rwateshwa agaciro ishingiye ku kuba isanga uwaregaga atarabashije kugaragaza ko kawa yagemuraga yari ifite amanota angana na 84%, na cyane ko isanga Urukiko rwaritiranije kwakira kawa no kuyipima, bityo ikaba isaba ko byasuzumwa neza n’Urukiko rwajuririwe.

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[4] Mu rubanza RCOMA 00116/2020/HCC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 19/11/2021, urwo Rukiko rwemeje ko ubujurire rwashyikirijwe na BUFCOFFEE Ltd nta shingiro bufite, rwemeza ko hagumyeho imikirize y’urubanza RCOM 01651/2020/TC rwaciwe ku wa 05/01/2021 n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi. Rutegeka BUFCOFFEE Ltd kwishyura TEUSCHER INVEST Ltd 500.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka na 200.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza ku rwego rw‘ubujurire, ruvuga ko ingwate y’amagarama yatanzwe na BUFCOFFEE Ltd ijurira ihwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza. [5] BUFCOFFEE Ltd ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza RCOMA 00116/2020/HCC, ijuririra na none Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, ubujurire bwayo bwandikwa kuri RCOMAA 00012/2022/CA. [6] Hagati aho, mu gihe urubanza RCOMAA 00012/2022/CA rwari rutarahabwa itariki y’iburanisha, TEUSCHER INVEST Ltd yatanze ikirego cyihutirwa isaba Urukiko gufata icyemezo cyihuse gishinganisha imitungo ya BUFCOFFEE Ltd, icyo kirego cyandikwa kuri RCOM 00004/2022/CA.

[7] Urubanza rwaburanishijwe mu ruhame ku wa 01/06/2022, TEUSCHER INVEST Ltd ihagarariwe na Me Rusanganwa Jean Bosco, naho BUFCOFFEE Ltd ihagarariwe na Me Munyandamutsa Jean Pierre, haburanishwa ikibazo cyo kumenya niba uregwa yemerewe gutanga ikirego cyihutirwa mu rukiko mu gihe nta kirego cy’iremezo afite muri urwo rukiko.

II.IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYACYO

Kumenya niba TEUSCHER INVEST Ltd yemerewe gutanga ikirego cyihutirwa mu gihe nta kirego cy’iremezo ifite muri uru Rukiko [8] Me Rusanganwa Jean Bosco, uhagarariye TEUSCHER INVEST Ltd, abajijwe icyo atekereza ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 185 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ku bijyanye no kumenya niba TEUSCHER INVEST Ltd (iregwa) ishobora gutanga ikirego cyihutirwa muri uru Rukiko, avuga ko nubwo BUFCOFFEE Ltd ari yo irega mu rubanza rw’iremezo ariko nta cyabuza TEUSCHER INVEST Ltd gutanga ikirego cyihutirwa kuko ari yo yatanze ikirego ku rwego rwa mbere, ko rero ufite inyungu wese yatanga ikirego cyihutirwa nubwo yaba atari we urega mu rubanza rw’iremezo, ko kandi ntaho itegeko ribuza ufite inyungu nubwo yaba aregwa kuba yatanga ikirego cyihutirwa.

[9] Akomeza avuga ko ashingira na none ku ngingo ya 212 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryibukijwe haruguru, kuko ikibazo kiburanwa mu rubanza rw’iremezo ari umwenda kandi ari nacyo cyashingiweho hatangwa ikirego cyihutirwa, akaba abona hatashingirwa gusa ku ngingo ya 185 yibukijwe haruguru, kuko TEUSCHER INVEST Ltd ari yo ifitiwe umwenda, akaba ari yo ifite inyungu ku kiburanwa kuko ari yo yishyuza, akaba asanga izi ngingo zombi zahuzwa.

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[10] Me Munyandamutsa Jean Pierre, uhagarariye BUFCOFFEE Ltd, avuga ko hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 185 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryibukijwe haruguru, ikirego cyihutirwa gitangwa n’uwatanze ikirego cy’iremezo muri urwo Rukiko mu gihe abona hari ibyihutirwa bishobora kwangirika. Avuga ko kuba TEUSCHER INVEST Ltd nta kirego cy’iremezo ifite muri uru Rukiko ntacyo yakuririraho itanga ikirego cyihutirwa. Avuga ko ku byo Me Rusanganwa Jean Bosco avuga ko hashingirwa no ku ngingo ya 2121 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryibukijwe haruguru nta shingiro byahabwa kuko kuyishingiraho byaka ari ukujya mu rubanza rw’iremezo kandi atari rwo ruburanwa. Avuga kandi ko umwenda bavuga ari wo ukiburanwa mu rubanza rw’iremezo, ko ingingo ya 212 idakwiye guhuzwa n’iya 185 z’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryibukijwe karuguru.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [11] Ingingo ya 185, igika cya mbere, y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ibikurikira: “Iyo hari ikirego cy’iremezo, ariko hagomba kugira icyemezwa by’agateganyo mu buryo bwihuta ku rubanza rwaregewe urukiko rutaraburanishwa, ikirego cyihutirwa gishyikirizwa umucamanza ushinzwe kurangiza impaka zihutirwa w’aho zigomba gukemurirwa hakurikijwe uburyo busanzwe bw’ihamagara”. Igika cya kabiri cy’iyo ngingo giteganya ko ikirego cyihutirwa gitangwa mu buryo bumwe n'ubw'ikirego gisanzwe. [12] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza ko mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi hareze TEUSCHER INVEST Ltd, maze mu rubanza RCOM 01651/2020/TC rwaciwe ku wa 05/01/2021, urwo Rukiko rwemeza ko BUFCOFFEE Ltd ibereyemo TEUSCHER INVEST Ltd umwenda ungana 94.017 USD, ruyitegeka kwishyura 94.017 USD y’umwenda iyibereyemo na 20.627.496,5 Frw y’inyungu zitangwa mu mwanya w’indishyi, runayitegeka kwishyura 100.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza, 500.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka na 20.000 Frw y’ingwate y’igarama. BUFCOFFEE Ltd ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza, irujuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, maze mu rubanza RCOMA 00116/2020/HCC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru 1 Iyi ngingo iteganya ibikurikira: Umuntu uberewemo umwenda udashidikanywaho kandi ugejeje igihe cyo kwishyurwa cyangwa se utinya ko uwo baburana yarigisa umutungo we agamije kuburizamo irangiza ry’urubanza, ashobora gusaba urukiko rwaregewe ko umutungo w’uwo baburana ushinganishwa cyangwa hagatangwa ingwate y'amafaranga ingana n'agaciro k'ikiburanwa kugeza igihe urubanza rw'iremezo rubaye ndakuka cyangwa ababuranyi bahisemo kurangiza ikibazo mu bwumvikane. Icyo kirego gitangwa kandi kigafatirwa umwanzuro mu buryo bw'ibirego byihutirwa”.

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rw’Ubucuruzi rwaciwe ku wa 19/11/2021, urwo Rukiko rwemeza ko ubujurire rwashyikirijwe na BUFCOFFEE Ltd nta shingiro bufite, ko hagumyeho imikirize y’urubanza RCOM 01651/2020/TC rwaciwe ku wa 05/01/2021 n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi. [13] Muri uru Rukiko hajuriye BUFCOFFEE Ltd, ariko hagati aho, nk’uko byavuzwe haruguru mu gihe urubanza RCOMAA 00012/2022/CA rwari rutarahabwa itariki y’iburanisha, TEUSCHER INVEST Ltd yatanze ikirego cyihutirwa isaba Urukiko gufata icyemezo cyihuse gishinganisha imitungo ya BUFCOFFEE Ltd; Urukiko rukaba rugiye gusuzuma niba ikirego cyihutirwa TEUSCHER INVEST Ltd yatanze gikwiye kwakirwa mu gihe nta kirego cy’iremezo ifite muri uru Rukiko. [14] Urukiko rurasanga ibijyanye no kumenya niba uregwa ashobora gutanga ikirego cyihutirwa, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwarabifasheho icyemezo mu rubanza RCOM 0011/13/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’ikirenga ku wa 10/01/2013, haburana BEN BENZINGE na Natural Resources Development Rwanda Ltd, aho rwemeje ko ikirego cyihutirwa ari umuhango w’iburanisha utuma uwatanze ikirego cy’iremezo mu Rukiko agira ibyo asaba urwo Rukiko kugira ngo hafatwe icyemezo cyihuse kigamije kurengera inyungu ze. Ntabwo uwo muhango rero uba ugenewe utaratanze icyo kirego cy’iremezo, bityo umuburanyi uba warezwe mu kirego cy’iremezo akaba atari we uvugwa muri iyo ngingo ko atanga ikirego cyihutirwa kiyivugwamo2. [15] Urukiko rurasanga, nk’uko ingingo ya 185 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryibukijwe haruguru ibiteganya, TEUSCHER INVEST Ltd itemerewe gutanga ikirego cyihutirwa muri uru Rukiko mu gihe nta kirego cy’iremezo irufitemo, bivuze ko ikirego cyayo kitagomba kwakirwa muri uru Rukiko. Ni nako byemejwe muri uru Rukiko mu rubanza RCOMA 00006/2022/CA, rwaciwe ku wa 23/05/2022, Nzirorera Cyprien aburana na Muhimpundu Rosine. [16] Ku byo Me Rusanganwa Jean Bosco, uhagarariye TEUSCHER INVEST Ltd, avuga ko hashingirwa no ku ngingo ya 212 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryibukijwe haruguru, kuko ikiburanwa mu rubanza rw’iremezo ari umwenda kandi ari cyo cyashingiweho hatangwa ikirego cyihutirwa, akaba ari yo ifite inyungu ku kiburanwa kuko ari yo yishyuza, Urukiko rurasanga iyi ngingo ya 212 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru itashingirwaho muri uru rubanza mu gihe ingingo ya 185 y’iryo tegeko itemerera uregwa gutanga ikirego cyihutirwa. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [17] Rwemeje ko ikirego cyihutirwa cyatanzwe na TEUSCHER INVEST Ltd kitakiriwe kuko cyatanzwe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko. [18] Ruvuze ko amagarama yatanzwe ahwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza 2 Ingingo ya 185 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru ihwanye n’ingingo ya 316 y’ Itegeko N° 21/2012 ryo kuwa 14/06/2012 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwasesenguye mu rubanza rwavuzwe haruguru.