THOMAS ET PIRON GRANDS LACS vs ECOBANK RWANDA PLC

THOMAS ET PIRON GRANDS LACS vs ECOBANK RWANDA PLC

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-09-12 - Case/document no.: RCOMAA00088/2024/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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THOMAS ET PIRON GRANDS LACS vs ECOBANK RWANDA PLC Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RCOMAA00088/2024/CA(Munyangeri, P.J; Ngagi na Kamere J.) 12 Nzeli 2025] Amategeko agenga ububasha bw’Inkiko – Ububasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire – Ubujurire bwa kabiri – Gutsindwa kabiri hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe – Mu gusuzuma niba umuburanyi yaratsinzwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, harebwa icyaburanwaga n’impamvu zashingiweho na buri Rukiko kugira ngo rugere ku cyemezo rwafashe, hitawe ku kureba niba ingingo zaburanywe mbere ari zo zagarutsweho mu bujurire kandi ko inkiko zombi zazisubije mu buryo bumwe Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiye Ecobank Rwanda Plc irega sosiyete Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd Na An Kaplan mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi irusaba gutegeka abaregwa kwishyura umwenda ungana na 225.497.848Frw na 869.565,9USD y’ingwate y’avansi yo gutangira imirimo ry’isoko, MINAGRI Nº 055/MINAGRI/PAIRB/T/012 ryo gutunganya igishanga cya Gashora mu Karere ka Bugesera. Kubera ko ryari rinini AN Kaplan na Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd bishyize hamwe bakora joint venture yo kurikora ariko JV Kaplan &TPGL ntiyakoresheje iyo avansi icyo yatangiwe, MINAGRI isesa amasezerano bari bagiranye, isaba Ecobank Rwanda Plc kwishyura ayo mafaranga y’ingwate y’avansi yo gutangira imirimo arayishyura nayo isaba kwishyurwa ayo mafaranga niyo sosiyete ariko irabyanga. Isaba Urukiko inyungu

zayo mafaranga zibazwe kuva ku wa 27/04/2021 kugeza urubanza ruburanishijwe, n’amafaranga y’ibigenda ku rubanza. Uhagarariye Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd yatanze inzitizi yo kutakira ikirego ngo gisuzumwe, ivuga ko amasezerano yagendeweho yabaye hagati ya MINAGRI, Ecobank Rwanda Plc na JV TPGL- AN Kaplan ngo kandi sosiyete JV TPGL- AN Kaplan ifite ubuzimagatozi bwite. Ku rubanza mu mizi, yireguye ivuga ko nta mpamvu yo kwishyuza Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd, ngo kuko nta mwenda yafashe muri iyo Banki. AN Kaplan yo ntiyitabye Urukiko nta mpamvu, urubanza ruburanishwa idahari. Urukiko mu rubanza RCOM01394/2023/TC rushingiye ku mategeko atandunye cyane cyane ku Itegeko Rigenga amassoko ya Leta, rwemeje ko sosiyete Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd Na An Kaplan zigomba kwishyura Ecobank Rwanda Plc umwenda wose uregerwa n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd yajuriirye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, inenga Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi kuba rwaremeje ko amasezerano yabaye hagati ya Ecobank Rwanda Plc na JV Tpgl-An Kaplan, areba Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd kandi ntaho ihuriye nayo mu gihe itigeze iyasinya; no kuba haremejwe ko habayeho joint venture hagati ya Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd na AN Kaplan kandi ngo nta kimenyetso kigaragaza ko izo sosiyete zishyize hamwe by’igihe gito. Ecobank Rwanda Plc yireguye ivuga ko

ubujurire bwa Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd nta shingiro bufite. itanga ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi, isaba Urukiko gutegeka Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd na An Kaplan kwishyura uwenda wose nkuko ugaragazwa na historique ya banki kandi ko hari amafaranga yari yayasabye mu Rukiko rubanza ntirwayamuha. Urukiko mu rubanza RCOMA00153/2024/HCC rushingiye ku murongo watanzwe mu rubanza N˚ RCOMAA0026/16/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga haburana Groupement Egeconi na Ercof, ku bimenyetso binyuranye byashyizwe muri dosiye y’urubanza, rwemeje ko:ubujurire bwa Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd, nta shingiro bufite;ko ubujurire bwa Ecobank Rwanda Plc bwuririye ku bwa Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd, bufite ishingiro; ko Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs na An Kaplan bishyura amafaranga yose yaregewe nkuko agaragara mu masezerano bagiranye bakishyura n’amafaranga y’ikurikirana rubanza n’igihembo cya avoka.

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Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd yongeye kujuririra urwo rubanza mu Rukiko rw’ubujurire, Uhagarariye Ecobank Rwanda Plc yabanje gutanga inzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ishingiye ku kuba Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd yaratsinzwe mu nkiko zibanza hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe. Uhagarariye Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs yireguye kuri iyi nzitizi avuga ko sosiyete ahagarariye itatsinzwe mu nkiko zibanza hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, ko rero ubujuririe bwayo buri mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire. Urukiko mu rubanza RCOMAA00088/2024/CA, rwemeje kubanza gusuzuma ishingiro ry’inzitizi ya Ecobank Rwanda Plc mbere yuko ruburanisha urubanza mu mizi maze rusanga inzitizi ifite ishingiro, rwemeza ko ubujurire bwa Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd butakiriwe, kubera ko butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kuko yatsinzwe mu nkiko zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe. Incamake y’icyemezo: Mu gusuzuma niba umuburanyi yaratsinzwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, harebwa icyaburanwaga n’impamvu zashingiweho na buri Rukiko kugira ngo rugere ku cyemezo rwafashe, hitawe ku kureba niba ingingo zaburanywe mbere ari zo zagarutsweho mu bujurire kandi ko inkiko zombi zazisubije mu buryo bumwe. Ubujurire ntibwakiriwe ngo busuzumwe kuko urega yatsinzwe mu nkiko zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N˚ 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye

imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, Ingingo ya 111 Itegeko N˚ 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko Ingingo ya 52, igika cya 3 Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza RS/INJUST/RCOM 00003/2020/SC, haburana Sanlam Assurances Générales Plc na University of Rwanda (UR), rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 27/11/2020, igika cya 23. Urubanza rubanziriza urundi mu rubanza RCOMAA00005/2023/CA, haburana Heaven Construction and Supply Ltd na Niletrac Rwanda Ltd, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 17/05/2024, igika cya 18. Urubanza. I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] MINAGRI yatanze isoko 055/MINAGRI/PAIRB/T/012 ryo gutunganya igishanga cya Gashora mu Karere ka Bugesera. Kubera ko ryari rinini An Kaplan Na Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd bishyize hamwe bakora joint-venture yo kurikora (JV AN Kaplan &TPGL), maze kugira ngo baritangire basaba MINAGRI avansi yo gutangira imirimo (avance de démarrage) kandi kugira ngo bayihabwe JV AN Kaplan &TPGL yagombaga kubona utanga ingwate yo kuyishingira, Ecobank Rwanda Plc aba ari yo iyitanga. Impande zombi zagiranye amasezerano anyuranye harimo no kwishingira avansi 225.497.848Frw na 869.565,9USD, Banki yiyemeza ko mu gihe JV Kaplan &TPGL itazakoresha neza avansi MINAGRI iyihaye, izishyura iyo avansi yishingiye. [2] JV Kaplan &TPGL ntiyakoresheje iyo avansi icyo yatangiwe, MINAGRI isesa amasezerano bari bagiranye, isaba Ecobank Rwanda Plc kwishyura ayo mafaranga y’ingwate y’avansi yo gutangira imirimo uko ari 225.497.848Frw na 869.565,9USD irayishyura, ariko isabye abayobozi bakuru ba AN Kaplan na

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Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd kuyishyura ntibabikora, ayo mafaranga ashyirwa ku rutonde rw’imyenda itera igihombo. [3] Ecobank Rwanda Plc yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi, irusaba gutegeka Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd na AN Kaplan kwishyura uwo mwenda, n’inyungu zibazwe kuva ku wa 27/04/2021 kugeza urubanza ruburanishijwe, n’amafaranga y’ibigenda ku rubanza. [4] Uhagarariye Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd yatanze inzitizi avuga ko amasezerano yagendeweho yabaye hagati ya MINAGRI, Ecobank Rwanda Plc na JV TPGL- AN Kaplan ngo kandi sosiyete JV TPGL- AN Kaplan ifite ubuzimagatozi bwite. Urukiko rwafashe icyemezo cyo kuzasuzuma iyo nzitizi hamwe n’urubanza mu mizi. Ku rubanza mu mizi, yireguye ivuga ko nta mpamvu yo kwishyuza Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd, ngo kuko nta mwenda yafashe muri iyo Banki. AN Kaplan yo ntiyitabye Urukiko nta mpamvu, urubanza ruburanishwa idahari. [5] Mu rubanza RCOM01394/2023/TC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 29/02/2024, urwo Rukiko rushingiye ku ngingo ya 11 y’itegeko N˚ 12/2007 ryo ku wa 27/03/2007 rigenga amasoko ya Leta, ryakoreshwaga igihe amasezerano yakorwaga, ku ngingo ya 84 y’Itegeko N˚ 62/2018 ryo ku wa 25/08/2018 rigenga amasoko ya Leta ryasimbuye iryo mu mwaka wa 2007, ku ngingo ya 75 y’Itegeko N˚ 031/2022 ryo ku wa 21/11/2022 rigenga amasoko ya Leta ryasimbuye iryo mu mwaka wa 2018, no ku ngingo ya 111 y’itegeko N˚ 22/2018

ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, rwemeje ko sosiyete Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd na AN Kaplan zigomba kwishyura Ecobank Rwanda Plc umwenda uhwanye na: 869.565,9 USD na 262.37.719Frw hakiyongeraho 550.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka ; Umwenda remezo wari utarageza igihe cyo kwishyurwa uhwanye na 9.538.517Frw ; Ingwate y’amagarama yatanzwe asubizwa uwareze ahwanye na 20,000Frw. [6] Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd yajuriirye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, inenga Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi kuba rwaremeje ko amasezerano yabaye hagati ya Ecobank Rwanda Plc na JV TPGL-AN Kaplan, areba Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd kandi ntaho ihuriye nayo mu gihe itigeze iyasinya ; no kuba haremejwe ko habayeho joint-venture hagati ya Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd na AN Kaplan nta kimenyetso kigaragaza ko izo sosiyete zigeze zishyira hamwe by’igihe gito. [7] Ecobank Rwanda Plc yireguye ivuga ko ubujurire bwa Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd nta shingiro bukwiye guhabwa. Yatanze ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi, isaba Urukiko gutegeka Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd na AN Kaplan kwishyura 890.856USD agaragazwa na historique ya banki kandi ko yari yayasabye mu Rukiko rubanza ntibyemerwe. Yasoje isaba amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. [8] Mu rubanza RCOMA00153/2024/HCC

rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 30/10/2024, urwo Rukiko rushingiye ku murongo watanzwe mu rubanza RCOMAA0026/16/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 21/04/2017 haburana Groupement EGECONI na ERCOF, ku bimenyetso binyuranye byashyizwe muri dosiye y’urubanza, no ku ngingo ya 111 y’itegeko N˚ 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, rwemeje ko : Ubujurire bwa Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd, nta shingiro bufite ; Ubujurire bwa Ecobank Rwanda Plc bwuririye ku bwa Thomas et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd, bufite ishingiro ;

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Imikirize y’urubanza RCOM01394/2023/TC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 21/02/2024, ihindutse gusa ku ngano y’amadolari agomba kwishyurwa ; Thomas et Piron Grands Lacs na AN Kaplan bishyura Ecobank Plc, umwenda uhwanye na 262.237.719Frw hakiyongeraho 550.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka, no gusubiza ingwate y’amagarama ingana na 20,000Frw; Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd na AN Kaplan kwishyura Ecobank Rwanda Plc 890.855USD ; Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd na AN Kaplan kwishyura Ecobank Rwanda Plc 1.000.000Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ay’ikurikiranarubanza ku rwego rw’ubujurire ; 40.000Frw Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd yatanze ijurira, aherera ku Isanduku ya Leta. [9] Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd yajuririye urwo rubanza muri uru Rukiko, ubujurire bwayo bwandikwa kuri RCOMAA00088/2024/CA, maze nyuma y’imihango ntegurarubanza yose, hemezwa ko ruzaburanishwa ku wa 03/03/2025. [10] Uwo munsi iburanisha ryimuriwe ku wa 17/03/2025 kubera ko Me Zitoni Pierre Claver yari yashyize muri dosiye y’urubanza inyandiko ya muganga imuha imwemerera ikiruhuko cy’uburwayi. Ku wa 17/03/2025, hitabye Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd ihagarariwe na Me Zitoni Pierre Claver, Ecobank Rwanda Plc ihagarariwe na Me Nsengiyumva François, iburanisha ry’urubanza ryimurirwa ku wa 16/4/2025 kugira ngo AN Kaplan Ltd nk’iyabaye umuburanyi mu rubanza rujuririrwa nayo ihamagarwe. Uwo munsi

urubanza ntirwaburanishijwe kubera uburwayi bw’umwe mu bacamanza bari bagize inteko yagombaga kuburanisha, ryimurirwa ku wa 07/05/2025. [11] Uwo munsi ababuranyi bari bitabye Urukiko mu iburanisha rya mbere ni bo bongeye kwitaba bahagarariwe nka mbere, uhagarariye Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd amenyesha Urukiko ko aho AN Kaplan Ltd yahamagaweho atari ahayo, ko ikwiye guhamagarwa mu buryo bukurikije amategeko, iburanisha ryongera kwimurirwa ku wa 21/07/2025, kugira ngo AN Kaplan ihamagarwe ahatazwi. Iburanisha ryari riteganyijwe kuri uwo munsi ryimuriwe ku wa 25/05/2025 kubera amahugurwa y’abacamanza. [12] Ku wa 25/07/2025, Thomas et Piron Grands Lacs na Ecobank Rwanda Plc bitabye Urukiko bahagarariwe nka mbere, naho AN Kaplan Ltd ntiyitaba, urubanza ruburanishwa idahari. [13] Uhagarariye Ecobank Rwanda Plc yatanze inzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’uru Rukiko ishingiye ku kuba Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd yaratsinzwe mu nkiko zibanza hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe. [14] Uhagarariye Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs yireguye kuri iyi nzitizi avuga ko sosiyete ahagarariye itatsinzwe mu nkiko zibanza hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, ko rero ubujuririe bwayo buri mu bubasha bw’uru Rukiko. [15] Urukiko rwemeje ko hagiye kubanza kuburanishwa impaka kuri iyo nzitizi rwasanga nta kibazo cy’iburabubasha gihari rukabona kujya mu mizi y’urubanza, rwasanga urubanza rugarukira ku nzitizi, hakanasuzumwa ikibazo cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka yasabwe. II. IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA N’ ISESENGURA RYABYO Kumenya niba Thomas et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd yaratsinzwe mu nkiko zibanza hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe

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[16] Uhagarariye Ecobank Rwanda Plc, ashingiye ku ngingo ya 52, igika cya 3, y’Itegeko N˚ 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko, asaba uru Rukiko kutakira ubujurire bwa kabiri bwatanzwe na Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd kubera ko yatsinzwe mu nkiko zibanza hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe. [17] Asobanura ko mu gika cya 9 cy’urubanza RCOM01394/2023/TC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi, Urukiko rwavuze ko rusanga Thomas et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd yarishyize hamwe na AN KAPLAN zikora joint-venture kugira ngo zishobore gukora isoko n˚ 055/MINAGRI/PAIRB/T/012 ryo gutunganya igishanga cya Gashora ryatanzwe na MINAGRI mu masezerano yo ku wa 15/10/2012, mu gika cya 11 cy’urubanza, rusobanura ko izo sosiyete zishyize hamwe zigomba gufatanya kwishyura umwenda ukomoka kuri avansi yo gutangira imirimo. [18] Avuga kandi ko mu gika cya 10 cy’urwo rubanza, Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwasanze hari inyandiko zigaragaza ko ku wa 12/03/2014, joint-venture Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd na AN Kaplan yagiranye amasezerano anyuranye na Ecobank Rwanda Plc, banki yiyemeza ko JV TPGL-ANK nidakoresha neza avansi ihawe na Minagri, Ecobank Rwanda Plc iyishingiye izayishyura. [19] Avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwasuzumye ibibazo 3 bitewe n’impamvu Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd yari yatanze ijurira mu gihe Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwo rwasuzumye ikibazo kimwe, ko ariko zose zihuriza ku bisobanuro no

ku mwanzuro umwe. [20] Asobanura ko mu gika cya 18 cy’urubanza RCOMA00153/2024/HCC rujuririrwa, mu Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwasobanuye ko rusanga ntaho Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd yahera ivuga ko itarebwa n’amasezerano y’isoko ryabaye hagati ya MINAGRI na joint venture TPGL & AN Kaplan kandi zarishyize hamwe ngo zikore isoko, iyo joint venture ikaba idafite ubuzimagatozi, sosiyete zihuje akaba ari zo zifite ubuzimagatozi, kandi ko mu gika cya 20 n’icya 24, rwavuze ko dosiye igaragaza ko isoko ryegukanywe na Joint Venture yari igizwe na TPGL na AN Kaplan, amasezerano yabaye hagati ya MINAGRI na joint venture TPGL & AN Kaplan agasinywa ku wa 15/10/2012. [21] Akomeza avuga ko mu gika cya 21 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi na rwo rwavuze ku masezerano yo ku wa 12/03/2014 yabaye hagati ya joint venture TPGL & AN Kaplan na Ecobank Rwanda Plc, aho Banki yiyemeje ko JV TPGL & AN Kaplan nidakoresha neza avansi ihawe na MINAGRI, Ecobank Rwanda Plc iyishingiye izayishyura. Naho mu gika cya 22, rusobanura ko rusanga ku wa 11/12/2013, MINAGRI yarandikiye Ecobank Rwanda Plc iyisaba kwishyura amafaranga y’ingwate y’avansi yo gutangira imirimo yishingiye yahawe JV TPGL & AN Kaplan. [22] Uhagarariye Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd avuga ko itatsinzwe mu nkiko zibanza hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe. Asobanura ko Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwasuzumye ikibazo cyo kumenya niba

Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd ifite aho ihuriye na joint venture, mu gika cya 8 cy’urubanza, rwemeza ko habaye joint venture, ko ariko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwo rutafashe umwanya ngo rusesengure rumenye niba harabayeho joint venture cyangwa niba itarabayeho, ngo ahubwo rwasuzumye ikibazo cyo kumenya niba amasezerano ya joint venture na MINAGRI atareba TPGL, umucamanza yemeje ko nta ho TPGL yahera ivuga ko itarebwa n’ayo masezerano, ko rero byumvikanisha ko umucamanza w’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi atemeje kubaho cyangwa kutabaho kwa joint venture, nyamara ari cyo kibazo cyagombaga guherwaho hafatwa umwanzuro ku ngaruka. [23] Asoza kuri iyi ngingo avuga ko ikibazo kimwe cyasuzumwe mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi kitagera mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ngo kivemo ibibazo bitatu kandi ko yaba uburyo ibibazo byahawe amazina (formulation des questions) yaba uko byasesenguwe (motivation) bitandukanye muri izo nkiko zombi, bityo ko Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd itatsinzwe mu nkiko zombi hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe.

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Uko Urukiko rubibona [24] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd yaratsinzwe mu nkiko zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, ku buryo ubujurire yatanze bwaba butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire. [25] Ingingo ya 52, igika cya 3, y’itegeko N˚ 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko iteganya ibikurikira : “Icyakora kandi ubujurire bwa kabiri ntibushobora kwakirwa ku manza z’ababuranye bemera ibyo baregwa cyangwa ku muburanyi watsinzwe mu nkiko zombi hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe.” [26] Ikibazo cyerekeranye no gutsindwa mu nkiko zombi zibanza hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe cyafashweho umurongo mu manza zinyuranye zaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga1 ndetse n’uru Rukiko2, aho zagaragaje ko mu gusuzuma niba umuburanyi yaratsinzwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, harebwa icyaburanwaga n’impamvu zashingiweho na buri Rukiko kugira ngo rugere ku cyemezo rwafashe, hitawe ku kureba niba ingingo zaburanywe mbere ari zo zagarutsweho mu bujurire kandi ko inkiko zombi zazisubije mu buryo bumwe. [27] Mu rubanza RCOM01394/2023/TC, Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwasuzumye ibibazo bikurikira : Kumenya niba sosiyete Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd na AN Kaplan zikwiye kwishyura Ecobank Rwanda Plc amafaranga yishyuye ku ngwate yahaye JV TPGL-AN KAPLAN n’inyungu zayo; Ibyerekeye amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka

yasabwe [28] Mu rubanza RCOMA00153/2024/HCC, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwasuzumye ibibazo bikurikira : Kumenya niba amasezerano yabaye hagati ya Ecobank Rwanda Plc na JV TPGL-AN Kaplan, atareba Thomas et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd; Kumenya niba haremejwe ko habaye joint-venture hagati ya Thomas Et Piron Grands LACS Ltd na AN KAPLAN bitarigeze bibaho (iki kibazo cyasesenguriwe mu cya mbere); Kumenya niba Thomas et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd na AN Kaplan bategekwa kwishyura 890.856 USD Ecobank Rwanda Plc nk’uko ugaragazwa kuri Bank Statement ; Kumenya niba Ecobank Rwanda Plc yagenerwa igihembo cya Avoka n’ikurikiranarubanza [29] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ikibazo cy’ingenzi cyasuzumwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi cyanasuzumwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ari icyo kumenya niba sosiyete Thomas et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd na AN Kaplan zikwiye kwishyura Ecobank Rwanda Plc amafaranga yishyuye ku ngwate yahaye JV-AN Kaplan n’inyungu zayo. [30] Uru Rukiko rurasanga iyi ngingo ari yo igomba gukorerwaho igereranya hagamijwe kureba niba inkiko zombi zabanje zarashingiye ku mpamvu zimwe zemeza ko Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd itsinzwe. [31] Mu rubanza RCOM01394/2023/TC, ku kibazo cyo kumenya niba sosiyete Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd na AN Kaplan zikwiye kwishyura Ecobank Rwanda Plc amafaranga yishyuye ku ngwate

1 Urubanza n˚ RS/INJUST/RCOM 00003/2020/SC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 27/11/2020, hagati ya Sanlam Assurances Générales Plc na University of Rwanda (UR), igika cya 23. 2 Urubanza rubanziriza urundi mu rubanza RCOMAA00005/2023/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 17/05/2024, haburana Heaven Construction and Supply Ltd na Niletrac Rwanda Ltd, igika cya 18.

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yahaye JV TPGL-AN Kaplan n’inyungu zayo, mu gika cya 8 cy’urwo rubanza, Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwagaragaje ko ingingo ya 11 y’itegeko N˚ 12/2007 ryo ku wa 27/03/2007 rigenga amasoko ya Leta, iya 84 y’itegeko N˚ 62/2018 ryo ku wa 25/08/2018 rigenga amasoko ya Leta, n’ingingo ya 75 y’itegeko N˚ 031/2022 ryo ku wa 21/11/2022 rigenga amasoko ya Leta, zose ziteganya ko” Amasosiyete ashobora kwishyira hamwe mu ipiganwa kugira ngo yiyongerere amahirwe n’ubushobozi byo gupiganwa.” [32] Mu gika cya 9 cy’urubanza, Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwasobanuye ko kuba Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd na AN Kaplan Ltd zarishyize hamwe hagamijwe kwiyongerera amahirwe n’ubushobozi byo gupiganwa, uko kwishyira hamwe kutabyaye sosiyete yihariye ifite ubuzimagatozi, ko ahubwo Thomas et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd na AN Kaplan ari zo zagumanye ubuzimagatozi bwazo, zikaba zikwiye kwishyura umwenda ukomoka kuri avansi yo gutangira imirimo (avance de démarrage) ku isoko JV TPGL-ANK yatsindiye ku isoko N˚ 055/MINAGRI/PAIRB/T/012 ryatanzwe na MINAGRI ryo gutunganya igishanga cya Gashora mu Karere ka Bugesera, naho mu gika cya 11 rwanzura ko rusanga izo sosiyete zombi zigomba no kwishyura inyungu zasabwe ku mwenda ungana na 225. 497. 848Frw zingana na 36.739.871Frw, yose hamwe akaba 262,237.719Frw yasabwe. [33] Mu gika cya 10 cy’urubanza akaba ariho Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwagaragaje ibimenyetso bishingirwaho hemezwa ko

habaye kwishyira hamwe kwa sosiyete Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd na AN Kaplan (JVTPGL-ANKAPLAN) ndetse n’iby’amasezerano anyuranye Ecobank Rwanda Plc yagiranye na JV TPGL-ANK harimo no kwishingira avansi ya 225.497.848Frw na 869,565.9USD. [34] Mu rubanza RCOMA00153/2024/HCC, ku kibazo cyo kumenya niba amasezerano yabaye hagati ya Ecobank Rwanda Plc na JV TPGL-AN Kaplan atareba Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd, mu gika cya 17 cy’urubanza, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwagaragaje umurongo wafashwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza RCOMAA0026/16/CS rwaciwe ku wa 21/04/2017 haburana Groupement EGECONI & ERCOF uvuga k’ufite ububasha n’ubushobozi bwo kurega cyangwa kuregwa mu gihe habaye kwishyira hamwe kwa sosiyete ebyiri by’igihe gito, mu gika cya 18 ruvuga ko rushingiye kuri uwo murongo no ku bimeyetso biri muri dosiye, rusanga nta ho Thomas et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd ikwiye guhera ivuga ko itarebwa n’amasezerano y’isoko yabaye hagati ya MINAGRI na Joint Venture TPGL & ANK, kuko ishaka kumvikanisha ko ugomba kwishyura Ecobank Rwanda Plc ari JV TPGL-AN Kaplan nyamara idafite ubuzima gatozi, ahubwo ugomba kwishyura ari Thomas et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd na AN Kaplan kuko ari zo sosiyete zifite ubuzimagatozi. Naho kuva ku gika cya 19 cy’urwo rubanza kugeza ku cya 25, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rukaba rwaragaragaje ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko Thomas et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd iri muri joint

venture (JV TPGL-ANK), mu gika cya 30, rwanzura ko igomba gufatanya na AN Kaplan kwishyura. [35] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ikibazo kimwe rukumbi inkiko zombi zahuriyeho, kirebana no kumenya niba Thomas Et Piron Grandslacs Ltd na AN Kaplan zikwiye kwishyura Ecobank Rwanda Plc, inkiko zombi zikaba zaranzuye ko izi sosiyete zombi ari zo zigomba kwishyura Ecobank Rwanda Plc avansi yo gutangira imirimo yazishyuriye, zishingiye ku kuba zari zarishyize hamwe kugirango zitsindire isoko ryatanzwe na MINAGRI (joint venture), kandi akaba ari zo zifite ubuzima gatozi. [36] Ku bijyanye no kuba Thomas et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd ivuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rutigeze ruvuga niba harabaye joint venture hagati ya Thomas et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd na AN Kaplan cyangwa niba itarabayeho, uru Rukiko rurasanga nta shingiro bifite kuko nk’uko byagaragajwe haruguru, mu gusuzuma ikibazo cyo kumenya niba amasezerano yabaye hagati ya JV TPGL-AN Kaplan atareba Thomas et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd, niho Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwagaragarijemo ibimenyetso byemeza ko Thomas et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd na AN Kaplan zakoze joint venture.

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[37] Hashingiwe ku bisobanuro byatanzwe haruguru, uru Rukiko rurasanga Thomas et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd yaratsinzwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe ; bityo, ubujurire bwa kabiri yatanze, bukaba butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire. Ibyerekeye amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka [38] Uhagarariye Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd avuga ko kuba Ecobank Rwanda Plc yarayireze kandi atari yo yahaye umwenda, uru Rukiko rukwiye kuyitegeka guha sosiyete ahagarariye indishyi zingana na 10,000,000Frw harimo n’igihembo cya Avoka. [39] Uhagarariye Ecobank Rwanda Plc avuga ko ikibazo cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’ay’igembo cya Avoka, Thomas et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd isaba kidakwiye kwakirwa ngo gisuzumwe kuri uru rwego kuko asanga ari ikirego gishya kitigeze gisuzumwa mu rubanza rujuririrwa, ko ariko Urukiko rubibonye ukundi, izo ndishyi zitahabwa ishingiro kuko itahabwa indishyi zo kuba yarishe amasezerano y’inguzanyo yishyiriyeho umukono ku wa 12/03/2014. Asaba ahubwo uru Rukiko kuyitegeka guha banki ahagarariye 1.000.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza na 2.000.000Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka. Uko Urukiko rubibona [40] Ingingo ya 111 y’itegeko N˚ 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ibikurikira : ” Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ni ikirego gishamikiye

ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe”. [41] Hashingiwe ku biteganywa n’ingingo imaze kwibutswa haruguru, Urukiko rurasanga nyuma yo kwemeza ko ubujurire bwa Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd butagomba kwakirwa nk’uko bimaze gusobanurwa, nta yindi ngingo y’urubanza rwemerewe gusuzuma uretse gusa irebana n’ishingiro ry’amafaranga y’ibyagenze ku rubanza kuri uru rwego asabwa na Ecobank Rwanda Plc. Urukiko rurasanga Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd igomba guha Ecobank Rwanda Plc 200.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza na 500.000Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka kuri uru rwego, kubera ko yashatse Avoka wo kuyihagararira mu rubanza no kurukurikirana, akaba agenwe mu bushishozi bwarwo kuko ayo isaba ari menshi. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [42] Rwemeje ko inzitizi yatanzwe na Ecobank Rwanda Plc, ifite ishingiro. [43] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa kabiri Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd yatanze butakiriwe, kubera ko butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire. [44] Rutegetse Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd guha Ecobank Rwanda Plc 200.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza na 500.000Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka kuri uru rwego. [45] Ruvuze ko amafaranga y’ingwate y’amagarama Thomas et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd yatanze ijurira, ahwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza.