UBUSHINJACYAHA v TURATSINZE

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v TURATSINZE

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-12-29 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00062/2025/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v TURATSINZE [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE- RPAA 00062/2025/CA (Nyirandabaruta, P.J.) 29 Ukuboza 2025] Amategeko agenga imanza z’inshinjabyaha – Igabanyagihano – Icyaha gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu - Icyaha gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu ntigishobora kugabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha ku buryo kijya munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15; kandi n’ihazabu iteganyijwe ntishobora kugabanywa ngo ibe yajya munsi ya kimwe cya kane cy’ihazabu nto iteganyirijwe icyaha. Incamake y’ikibazo: Ku wa 01/11/2023 Turatsinze yafashwe n’abapolisi acuruza urumogi udupfunyika 56, ashyikirizwa Ubushinjacyaha bwamureze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo mu rubanza N° RP 01041/2023/TGI/GSBO bumushinja icyaha cyo gucuruza urumogi. Uregwa yaburanye yemera icyaha, urukiko rusanga ahamwa na cyo, rumukatira igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000 Frw. Uregwa ntiyanyuzwe n’icyo cyemezo akijuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru atakamba asaba kongera kugabanyirizwa, urukiko rusanga, nubwo hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha ariko yaragabanyirijwe bihagije. Turatsinze yatanze ubujurire bwa kabiri mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, rusuzuma ikibazo cyo kumenya niba yakongera kugagabanyirizwa igihano. Uregwa asobanura ko yemeye icyaha kuva agifatwa kandi asobanura uko yagikoze, akaba atararuhije ubutabera ariko ntiyagabanirizwa igihano nk’uko byagiye bigenda ku manza zimwe na zimwe zo hambere aho abakoze icyaha nk’icye bagabanirijwe bagahabwa igihano kiri munsi y’icyo yahawe. Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko uregwa takongera kugabanyirizwa kuko yagabanyirijwe bihagije kandi n’imanza avuga zikaba zitagikoreshwa kuko itegeko zari zishingiyeho ryahindutse. Incamake y’ikibazo: Icyaha gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu ntigishobora kugabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha ku buryo kijya munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15; kandi n’ihazabu iteganyijwe ntishobora kugabanywa ngo ibe yajya munsi ya kimwe cya kane cy’ihazabu nto iteganyirijwe icyaha. Ubujurire, nta shingiro bufite. Nta mategeko yashingiweho Imanza zifashishijwe: RPAA 00048/2020/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Bimenyimana Jean Paul, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 26/05/2022; RPAA 00538/2024/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Cyuzuzo Jean Claude, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 21/01/2025; RPAA 00769/2024/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Bizabarimana Cléophas rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/05/2025;

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RPAA 01273/2024/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Ndikubwimana Jean Damascene rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 18/07/2025. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Turatsinze Jean Réné yafashwe n’abapolisi ku wa 01/11/2023 acuruza urumogi mu Murenge wa Jali, Akagali k’Agateko, Umudugudu wa Bugarama, bamufatana udupfunyika (boules 56) tw'urumogi yari yaguze kuri 10,000Frw, kamwe akaba yarakagurishaga 400Frw. [2] Ubugenzacyaha bwamukoreye dosiye, buyishikiriza Ubushinjacyaha nabwo bumuregera Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo mu rubanza N° RP 01041/2023/TGI/GSBO bumushinja icyaha cyo gucuruza urumogi. Turatsinze Jean Réné yaburanye yemera icyo cyaha, avuga ko urumogi yafatanywe yaruvanye mu Karere ka Rulindo uruhawe na Emmanuel kandi ko yari amaze gucuruzaho “boules 2’’. Ibyo abisabira imbabazi. [3] Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo rushingiye ku bimenyetso birimo urumogi Turatsinze Jean Réné yafatanywe no ku kwemera icyaha kwe, rwemeje ko ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, rumuganyiriza igihano ku mpamvu y’uko yemeye icyaha mu buryo budashidikanywaho, akaba ari ubwa mbere akurikiranywe n’inkiko, kandi akiri urubyiruko (imyaka 21 y’amavuko), maze rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000Frw. [4] Turatsinze Jean Réné yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru asaba kugabanyirizwa ibihano yahanishijwe ku rwego rwa mbere kubera ko yemeye icyaha atagoranye, akiri muto, ari ubwa mbere akoze icyaha, ari umukene kandi yafashwe ataragurisha na ½ cy’amafaranga yashakaga kunguka. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha yavuze ko Turatsinze Jean Réné adakwiye kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano kuko ku rwego rwa mbere yakigabanyirijwe mu buryo buhagije. [5] Mu rubanza No RPA 00033/2024/HC/KIG rwaciwe ku wa 31/12/2024, Urukiko Rukuru rushingiye ku mpamvu y’uko Turatsinze Jean Réné yahamwe n’icyaha cyo gucuruza urumogi akaba yarashoboraga guhanishwa igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu kuva kuri 20.000.000Frw kugeza kuri 30.000.000Frw nk’uko Itegeko ribiteganya, ariko akaba yarahawe igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000Frw kubera ko habonetse impamvu noroshyacyaha, rwasanze atakongera kugabanyirizwa, rwemeza ko ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite. [6] Turatsinze Jean Réné yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza ruhabwa No RPAA 00062/2025/CA, ruburanishwa mu ruhame ku wa 04/12/2025, aburana yunganiwe na Me Ruberwa Ngarukiye Silas, naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Gakwerere Javan, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [7] Mu myanzuro y’ubujurire bwe no miburanire ye, Turatsinze Jean Réné n’Avoka umwunganira basaba ko yakongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko adakwiriye kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano kuko yagabanyirijwe bihagije.

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[8] Ikibazo gisuzumwa muri uru rubanza ni icyo kumenya niba Turatsinze Jean Réné yakongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano. II. ISESENGURA RY’IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA Kumenya niba Turatsinze Jean Réné yakongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano [9] Turatsinze Jean Réné n’Avoka umwunganira bavuga ko kuva mu nzego z’Ubugenzacyaha kugeza mu Rukiko yaburanye yemera icyaha mu buryo budashidikanywaho, agisabira imbabazi, ariko Urukiko Rukuru rurabyirengagiza rumuhanisha igihano kiri hejuru. [10] Bavuga ko Turatsinze ataruhije ubutabera, yatanze amakuru ku bikorwa by’icyaha akurikiranweho kandi yakoze icyaha akiri muto (imyaka 21) kubw’ibyo agasaba kugabanyirizwa igihano, agahanishwa igihano gito gishoboka, nk’igifungo cy’imyaka 3 n’amezi 6 uwitwa Rutayisire Aubin yahanishijwe mu rubanza No RPAA 00224/2022/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 01/03/2023, ku cyaha yahamijwe cyo gucuruza urumogi. [11] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko Turatsinze Jean Réné adakwiriye kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano kuko yagabanyirijwe bihagije. Akomeza avuga ko ingingo ya 2 y’Itegeko nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ariyo yashingiweho Turatsinze Jean Réné agabanyirizwa ibihano, nk’uko bigaragara mu gika cya 12 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa. [12] Asobanura ko uwamwe n’icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge bihambaye by’urumogi, iyo hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ibihano Turatsinze Jean Réné yahanishijwe (igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000Frw), aribyo bihano bito ntarengwa Urukiko rutari kujya munsi, bityo ko ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [13] Impaka ziri muri uru rubanza zishingiye ku kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwarahanishije Turatsinze Jean Réné igihano kiri hejuru kandi niba cyakongera kugabanywa. [14] Ibyerekeranye no kongera kugabanyiriza igihano umuburanyi wahanishijwwe igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu, ku cyaha yahamijwe itegeko rihanisha igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu mu gihe hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, byatanzweho umurongo mu rubanza Nº RPAA 00538/2024/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 21/01/2025, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Cyuzuzo Jean Claude. Muri urwo rubanza, Cyuzuzo Jean Claude wahanishijwe n’Urukiko Rukuru igihano igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5,000,000 Frw ku icyaha yahamijwe cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge by’urumogi, yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire asaba kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano. Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje (igika cya 12 cy’urwo rubanza) ko “mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe ku bahamijwe icyaha cyo gucuruza urumogi bahanishijwe n’Urukiko Rukuru igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000 Frw hashingiwe ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha, bakajurira basaba kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano, uru Rukiko rwifashishije ibyemejwe mu rubanza Nº RPAA 00048/2020/CA rwaciye ku wa 26/05/2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Bimenyimana Jean Paul, rwemeje ko imanza zose zaciwe mbere y’uko Itegeko Nº 59/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura ingingo ya 60 y’Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa

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30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange yateganyaga uburyo bwo kugabanya ibihano risohoka, zitagikoreshwa, maze rwemeza ko icyaha gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu kidashobora kugabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha ku buryo kijya munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15; kandi ko n’ihazabu iteganyijwe idashobora kugabanywa ngo ibe yajya munsi ya kimwe cya kane cy’ihazabu nto iteganyirijwe icyaha.” Uyu murongo wakoreshejwe mu zindi manza nyinshi zaciwe n’uru Rukiko1. [15] Mu rubanza rujuririrwa, igika cya 12, Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko kuba Turatsinze Jean Réné yarashoboraga guhanishwa igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda arenze miliyoni makumyabiri (20.000.000 Frw) ariko atarenze miliyoni mirongo itatu (30.000.000 Frw) nk’uko byagaragajwe haruguru, ariko akaba yarahanishijwe igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000 Frw, rusanga ubusabe bwe bwo kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano yahanishijwe ashingiye ku mpamvu zashingiweho agabanyirizwa igihano ku rwego rwa mbere nta shingiro bufite. [16] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rushingiye ku murongo wibukijwe haruguru watanzwe mu mu rubanza Nº RPAA 00538/2024/CA, w’uko imanza zaciwe mbere y’uko Itegeko Nº 59/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura ingingo ya 60 y’Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange zitagikoreshwa kandi ko igihano cyatanzwe ku cyaha gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu kidashobora kugabanywa ngo uregwa ahabwe igihano kiri munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15, ndetse ko n’ihazabu itagabanywa ngo ijye munsi ya ¼ cy’ihazabu iteganyirijwe icyo cyaha, rurasanga igihano Turatsinze Jean Réné yahanishijwe cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000Frw, ari cyo gihano gito giteganywa n’Itegeko ku wahamwe n’icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge ubundi gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu2, bityo ubujurire bwe bugamije ko icyo gihano cyakongera kugabanywa kuko Urukiko Rukuru rwamuhanishije igihano kiri hejuru, bukaba nta shingiro bufite. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [17] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Turatsinze Jean Réné nta shingiro bufite. [18] Rwemeje ko imikirize y’urubanza No RPA 00033/2024/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 31/12/2024 idahindutse. [19] Rwemeje ko igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu ya 5,000,000Frw Turatsinze Jean Réné yahanishijwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku cyaha yahamijwe cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge by’urumogi kigumyeho.

1 Urugero: Urubanza Nº RPAA 00769/2024/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/05/2025, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Bizabarimana Cléophas (igika cya 30); Urubanza Nº RPAA 01273/2024/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 18/07/2025, Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Ndikubwimana Jean Damascene (igika cya 10); n’izindi. 2 Ingingo ya 11 y’Itegeko Nº69/2019 ryo ku wa 08/11/2019 rihindura Itegeko Nº68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange iteganya ko “Umuntu wese ukora, uhinga, uhindura, utunda, ubika, uha undi, ugurisha mu gihugu ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa urusobe rw’imiti ikoreshwa nka byo mu buryo bunyuranije n’amategeko, aba akoze icyaha. Iyo abihamijwe n’urukiko ahanishwa: 1 º igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda arenze miliyoni makumyabiri (20.000.000 FRW) ariko atarenze miliyoni mirongo itatu (30.000.000 FRW) ku byerekeye ibiyobyabwenge bihambaye;”

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[20] Ruvuze ko amagarama y’urubanza aherera ku Isanduku ya Leta.