UBUSHINJACYAHA v. TUYISHIME

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v. TUYISHIME

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2024-11-28 - Case/document no.: RPAA00388/2023/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v. TUYISHIME [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA00388/2023/CA (Kanyange, J. P.) 28 Ugushyingo 2024] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza nshinjabyaha – Ubujurire – Impamvu z’ubujurire – Iyakirwa ry’impamvu z’ubujurire – Mu bigomba kuba biri mu nyandiko y’ubujurire harimo impamvu z’ubujurire – Impamvu z’ubujurire zitanzwe nyuma y’ibihe by’ubujurire ntizakirwa. Incamake y’ikibazo: Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Tuyishime mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rusizi icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, bushingiye ku kuba yaracyemeye mu Bugenzacyaha, mu Bushinjacyaha no mu Rukiko aburana iby’ifungwa ry’agateganyo, ku mvugo z’umutangabuhamya wagiye kumufata wavuze ko atabagoye kuko yahise yemera icyaha hamwe. Uregwa yaburanye ahakana icyaha, avuga ko azira amakimbirane yari hagati y’ababyeyi be n’ab’uwo mwana, ko kandi abazwa mu nzego z’iperereza, abari bamufungiranye, akaba nta bwisanzure yari afite bituma yemera icyaha atakoze, naho kuba yaracyemeye mu Rukiko bikaba byaratewe n’uko yaburanye atiteguye. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko Uregwa ahamwa n’icyaha aregwa cyo gusambanya umwana, rushingiye ku mvugo ye yo kwemera icyaha mu nzego z’iperereza, bigashimangirwa na raporo ya muganga, rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu. Iki cyemezo, Uregwa yakijuririye mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi avuga ko Urukiko rwamuhamije icyaha rwirengagije ko yacyemeye mu nzego z’iperereza bitewe n’uko bamwijeje ko niyemera arekurwa, akaba kandi yari akiri muto, rwirengagiza kandi ko raporo ya umuganga yagaragaje ko nta kintu kidasanzwe cyagaragaye ku mwana runirengagiza ikibazo ababyeyi be bafitanye n’ababyeyi b’uwo mwana. Mu Rukiko Rukuru Ubushinjacyaha bwasubije kuri ubwo bujurire bw’Uregwa, buvuga ko izo mpamvu z’ubujurire bwe zitahabwa agaciro kuko atabashije kuvuguruza ibimemyetso byashingiweho mu kumuhamya icyaha. Urukiko Rukuru, rwaciye urubanza na rwo rwemeza ko ubujurire bw’Uregwa nta shingiro bufite, ko ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, maze rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20). Uregwa yajuririye bwa kabiri muri uru Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, rubyibwirije rubanza gusuzuma niba impamvu z’ubujurire bw’Uregwa zakwakirwa harebwe igihe zatangiwe, maze biba aricyo kibazo kigibwaho impaka. Kuri iki kibazo, Uregwa asobanura icyatumye atanga impamvu z’ubujurire bwe atinze ari uko yari azi ko iyo umuburanyi yatanze ubujurire, impamvu z’ubujurire ashobora kuzitanga igihe cyose, ko ariko usibye kutamenya amategeko, byanatewe n’imikorere y’Igororero rya Rusizi kuko batabamenyesha incarubanza ku gihe. Muri uru rubanza, Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko Uregwa yatanze ibaruwa y’ubujurire bwe mu bihe biteganywa n’amategeko ariko ntiyagaragaza inenge ziri mu rubanza yajuririye muri icyo gihe, bityo asaba ko izo mpamvu yatanze nyuma y’ibihe biteganywa n’amategeko zitakwakirwa ngo zisuzumwe. Incamake y’icyemezo: Mu bigomba kuba biri mu nyandiko y’ubujurire harimo impamvu z’ubujurire, ko iyo zitanzwe nyuma y’ibihe by’ubujurire ntizakirwa. Bityo, impamvu z’ubujurire bwa Tuyishime Aboubakar ntizigomba kwakirwa, kuko nta mpamvu yumvikana yatumye atazitanga mu gihe giteganywa n’Itegeko dore ko yajuriye kopi y’urubanza yajuririye iri muri dosiye. Impamvu z’ubujurire ntizakiriwe. Imikirize y’urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi, igumyeho. Amagarama aherera ku isanduku ya Leta.

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Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu, ingingo ya 181 n’iya 183. Imanza zifashishijwe: RCOMAA00071/2017/SC, Mbuto v. BRD, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 26/10/2018. RPA00007/2023/CA, Ubushinjacyaha v. Uwumuremyi n’undi rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 26/06/2024. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Tuyishime Aboubakar akurikiranweho icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’imyaka ibiri (2) n’amezi atandatu (6) wiswe U.D muri uru rubanza, Ubushinjacyaha bukavuga ko yagikoze ku wa 08/03/2020 ubwo uwo mwana yajyanaga n’akandi kana k’agahungu mu rugo rw’abaturanyi bakahasanga Tuyishime Aboubakar, abonye ako kana kagiye hanze afata U.D aramusambanya, atashye abibwira ababyeyi be nabo babimenyesha ubuyobozi, arafatwa yemera icyaha avuga ko yagize irari asambanya ako kana. [2] nyuma y’iperereza, ubushinjacyaha bwamureze mu rukiko rwisumbuye rwa rusizi icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, bushingiye ku kuba yaracyemeye mu bugenzacyaha, mu bushinjacyaha no mu rukiko aburana iby’ifungwa ry’agateganyo, ku mvugo z’umutangabuhamya wagiye kumufata wavuze ko atabagoye kuko yahise yemera icyaha hamwe n’icyemezo cy’amavuko cy’uwo mwana. [3] Tuyishime Aboubakar yaburanye ahakana icyaha, avuga azira amakimbirane yari hagati ya nyina na nyina wa U.D, ko kandi abazwa mu nzego z’iperereza nta bwisanzure yari afite kuko bari bamufungiranye mu nzu bituma yemera icyaha atakoze, naho kuba yaracyemeye mu Rukiko bikaba byaratewe n’uko yaburanye atiteguye. [4] Urukiko rwaciye urubanza RP00155/2020/TGI/RSZ ku wa 15/12/2020, rusanga Tuyishime Aboubakar yarakoze icyaha akurikiranweho ku mpamvu zikurikira: - Kuba yaremeye ko yasambanyije U.D amusanze iwabo kandi akabisubiramo mu nzego zitandukanye yabarijwemo no mu Rukiko aburana ku ifungwa ry’agateganyo; - Kuba uko kwemera kwe gushimangirwa na raporo ya muganga; - Ko kuba yarageze mu Rukiko agahakana icyaha bitakimukuraho kuko atagaragaza impamvu ikomeye yatumye acyemeza mu nzego zose yanyuzemo. Urukiko rushingiye kuri izo mpamvu, rwemeje ko Tuyishime Aboubakar ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu. [5] Tuyishime Aboubakar yajuriye mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi avuga ko Urukiko rwamuhamije icyaha rwirengagije ko yacyemeye mu nzego z’iperereza bitewe n’uko bamwijeje ko niyemera arekurwa, akaba kandi yari akiri muto, rwirengagiza kandi ko raporo ya umuganga yagaragaje ko nta kintu kidasanzwe cyagaragaye ku mwana runirengagiza ikibazo ababyeyi be bafitanye n’ababyeyi b’uwo mwana. [6] Ubushinjacyaha bwasubije ko izo mpamvu z’ubujurire zitahabwa agaciro kuko Tuyishime Aboubakar atabasha kuvuguruza ibimemyetso byashingiweho mu kumuhamya icyaha, birimo kuba yaracyemeye mu nzego z’iperereza no mu rukiko aburana ku ifungwa ry’agateganyo, anacyemerera

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umugenzacyaha wagiye kumufata, ko n’ibyo raporo ya muganga yagaragaje bihura n’ibyo yemeye kuko yavuze ko yasohoreye ku mwana atamwinjijemo igitsina, akaba ariyo mpamvu muganga yabonye ko atamwangije. [7] Urukiko rwaciye urubanza RPA 0039/2021/HC/RSZ ku wa 30/06/2023, rusanga impamvu z’ubujurire bwa Tuyishime Aboubakar nta shingiro zifite kuko: - Kuba yarageze mu Rukiko agahakana icyaha bitakimukuraho kuko yacyemeye mu nzego z’iperereza no mu Rukiko aburana ku ifungwa ry’agateganyo anasobanura uburyo yagikoze, ko no kuvuga ko yacyemeye kubera abamushutse bitabahwa agaciro kuko yanemeye icyaha mu Rukiko aburana ku ifungwa ry’agateganyo kandi yunganiwe n’umunyamategeko; - Ko n’ibyo avuga ko yashutswe n’umugenzacyaha waje kumufata nta shingiro bifite, kuko uyu yasobanuye ko agifatwa yemeye ko yasambanyije U.D kandi ibyo yavuze bigahura n’ibyo yagiye avuga mu ibazwa rye mu nzego zitandukanye; - Ko kuba raporo ya muganga igaragaza ko nta kindi kidasanzwe cyagaragaye ku mwana, bitamukuraho uburyozwacyaha kuko nawe abazwa yasobanuye ko yari yabishatse cyane agiye kubikora neza amusohorera ku myenda, ariyo mpamvu muganga atabonye ko umwana yasambayijwe, ko kandi usibye n’ibyo, Urukiko rudategetswe kugendera ku byemejwe n’abahanga mu gihe binyuranye n’imyumvire y’umucamaza; Urukiko rwasanze rero Tuyishime Aboubakar atarashoboye kuvuguruza ibimenyetso byashingiweho ku rwego rwa mbere, rusanga ariko kuba ari ubwa mbere akoze icyaha no kuba yaragikoze akiri mu myaka igoye y’ubugimbi, ari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zatuma agabanyirizwa igihano, maze rwemeza ko ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20). [8] Tuyishime Aboubakar yajuriye bwa kabiri mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza rwandikwa kuri RPAA00388/2023/CA, ruhabwa itariki yo kuburanishwa yo ku wa 07/11/2024, uwo munsi ruburanishwa yunganiwe na Nyandwi Buliro François, Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Uwizeye Jean Marie, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [9] Muri iryo buranisha Urukiko rubyibwirije rwabajije niba impamvu z’ubujurire bwa Tuyishime Aboubakar zakwakirwa harebwe igihe zatangiwe, icyo kibazo kiba aricyo kigibwaho impaka akaba ari nacyo kigomba kubanza gusuzumwa. II. IKIBAZO KIRI MU RUBANZA N’ISESENGURWA RYACYO 1. Kumenya niba impamvu z’ubujurire bwa Tuyishime Aboubakar zakwakirwa [10] Tuyishime Aboubakar n’umwunganira bavuga ko icyatumye atanga impamvu z’ubujurire atinze ari uko yari azi ko iyo umuburanyi yatanze ubujurire, impamvu z’ubujurire ashobora kuzitanga igihe cyose, ko ariko usibye kutamenya amategeko, byanatewe n’imikorere y’Igororero rya Rusizi kuko batabamenyesha inzarubanza ku gihe, ndetse umwunganira abanza gusaba ko iburanisha ryasubikwa agashaka niba hari ibimenyetso byerekana igihe Tuyishime yasabiye gusoma dosiye ariko nyuma avuga ko abiretse, ko ahubwo hashingiwe kubyo basobanuye, impamvu z’ubujurire bwe zakwakirwa zigasuzumwa. [11] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ikigaragara ari uko Tuyishime Aboubakar yatanze ibaruwa y’ubujurire mu gihe giteganywa n’amategeko ariko ntiyagaragaza inenge ziri mu rubanza yajuririye muri icyo gihe nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 183 y’Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu, hamwe n’umurongo

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wafashwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, biyo ko impamvu yatanze nyuma y’ibihe bx iteganywa n’amategeko zitakwakirwa ngo zisuzumwe. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [12] Nk’uko dosiye ibigaragaza, imyanzuro ikubiyemo impamvu z’ubujurire bwa Tuyishime Aboubakar, yaba iri mu mwanzuro wakozwe ku wa 22/02/2024 cyangwa iyakozwe n’umwunganira yashyizwe muri IECMS ku wa 07/06/2024, yose yatanzwe nyuma y’ibihe by’ubujurire, kuko urubanza rujuririrwa rwaciwe ku wa 30/06/2023. [13] Ikibazo cy’igihe impamvu z’ubujurire cyangwa inenge ziri mu rubanza rujuririrwa bigomba gutangwa, cyatanzweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza RCOMAA00071/2017/SC rwaciwe ku wa 26/10/2018 haburana Mbuto Aimable na BRD, aho urwo Rukiko rwemeje ko mu bigomba kuba biri mu nyandiko y’ubujurire harimo impamvu z’ubujurire, ko impamvu z’ubujurire zitanzwe nyuma y’ibihe by’ubujurire zitagomba kwakirwa. Uwo murongo wanakurikjwe mu manza zaciwe vuba, nk’ urubanza RPA00007/2023/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 26/06/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Uwumuremyi Clémence n’undi. [14] Ku birebana n’uru rubanza, dosiye igaragaza ko urubanza rujuririrwa rwasomwe ku wa 30/06/2023, uwo munsi kopi yarwo ishyirwa muri dosiye (IECMS), Tuyishime Aboubakar ajurira mu ibaruwa yanditse ku wa 06/07/2023, bivuze ko igihe yajuriraga kopi y’urubanza rujuririrwa yari muri dosiye. Dosiye igaragaza kandi ko ku wa 23/02/2024 aribwo ubuyobozi bw’Igororero bwakiriye umwanzuro wa Tuyishime urimo impamvu z’ubujurire bwe, naho ku wa 07/06/2024 umwunganira ashyira muri dosiye (IECMS) umwanzuro w’inyongera nawo urimo impamvu z’ubujurire bw’uwo yunganira. [15] Urukiko rurasanga kuba urubanza rujuririrwa rwarasomwe ku wa 30/06/2023 ndetse uwo munsi kopi yarwo igashyirwa muri dosiye, byumvikana ko impamvu z’ubujurire ziri mu mwanzuro watanzwe ku wa 23/02/2024 n’izatanzwe mu mwanzuro wo ku wa watanzwe ku wa 07/06/2024, zatanwe nyuma y’igihe cyo kujurira giteganywa n’itegeko cy’iminsi mirongo itatu (30), nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 181 na 183 z’Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryavuzwe haruguru, ibikubiye muri iyo myanzuro bikaba kandi bitafatwa nk’ibisobanura cyangwa ibyuzuza impamvu z’ubujurire zatanzwe mu gihe giteganywa n’amategeko, kuko nta mpamvu zatanzwe muri icyo gihe. [16] Ku bivugwa na Tuyishime Aboubakar n’umwunganira ko kudatangira mu gihe impamvu z’ubujurire byatewe n’imikorere y’Igororero, Urukiko rurasanga ntaho rwashingira rubyemeza kuko atagaragaje icyo yakoze ngo asabe gusoma dosiye ye, akaba kandi atakwitwaza kutamenya amategeko ngo akore ibinyuranye nayo. [17] Urukiko rurasanga rero, kuba nta mpamvu yumvikana yatumye impamvu z’ubujurire bwa Tuyishime Aboubakar zidatangwa mu gihe giteganywa n’Itegeko kandi yarajuriye kopi y’urubanza yajuririye iri muri dosiye, impamvu zatanzwe nyuma y’icyo gihe zitakwakirwa, bityo hakaba hagumyeho imikirize y’urubanza RPA0039/2021/HC/RSZ rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi ku wa 30/06/2023. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [18] Rwemeje ko impamvu z’ubujurire bwa Tuyishime Aboubakar zitakiriwe. [19] Rwemeje ko hagumyeho imikirize y’urubanza RPA0039/2021/HC/RSZ rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi ku wa 30/06/2023, rwamuhanishije igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20).

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[20] Rutegetse ko amagarama y’urubanza aherera ku Isanduku ya Leta kuko Tuyishime Aboubakar yajuriye afunze, akaba asonewe kuyatanga.