UBUSHINJACYAHA vs TWAGIRAMUNGU

# UBUSHINJACYAHA vs TWAGIRAMUNGU

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2021-05-14 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00091/2020/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA vs TWAGIRAMUNGU [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA 00091/2020/CA (Kanyange, P.J.) 14 Gicurasi 2021] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza nshinjabyaha – Ubujurire – Ubujurire bwa kabiri – Kuba hari inyandiko (ikimenyetso) zatanzwe nyuma y'iburanisha kandi zigashingirwaho n’Urukiko hatabayeho gusubukura iburanisha ngo zigibweho impaka, ni impamvu ituma ubujurire bwa kabiri bwakirwa, Kuba mu bujurire bwa kabiri mu Rukiko Rw’Ubujurire harebwa niba igihano cyagenwe kingana nibura n'imyaka 15, bivuze ko mu gihe haba hari indishyi zaregewe mu rubanza nshinjabyaha, hadashingirwa ku ngano y'izatanzwe mu kugena ububasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, ntibivanaho ko, kimwe no mu zindi manza, mu manza nshinjabyaha hanarebwa niba hari izindi mpamvu mu zatuma ubujurire bwa kabiri buburanishwa n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu nyuma yuko

uwitwa

Mushimiyimana

akubiswe

n’abantu

batandukanye

barimo Twagiramungu(wajuriye) waburanishijwe nk’uwatorotse ubutabera, amaze gufatwa ahita atanga ikirego cyo gusubirishamo urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu. Urwo Rukiko rwemeza ko ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gukubita no gukomeretsa umuntu ku bushake byateye urupfu, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 12 runamutegeka guha indishyi abaziregeye. Twagiramungu yajuririye urwo rubaza mu mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, nuko urwo Rukiko narwo ruca urubanza rwemeza ko urubanza rwajuririwe ruhinduka gusa ku birenana n’igihano hamwe n’indishyi, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka umunani, runamutegeka guha indishyi abaziregera ruzigabanyije. Twagiramungu nanone yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire avuga ko nta ndishyi yagombaga gucibwa kuko abaziregeye badafite inyungu n’ububasha, anasaba ko Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwakosora ibirebana n’igihano, naho ku birebana n'iyakirwa ry'ubujurire bwa kabiri, avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwaciye urubanza rushingiye ku nyandiko zatanzwe nyuma yo gupfundikira iburanisha, hatabayeho kurisubukura. Abaregera indishyi batanze inzitizi bavuga ko ubujurire butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko Rw’Ubujurire kuko indishyi zagenwe zitageze kuri 75.000.000 Frw, banavuga kandi ko mu manza nshinjabyaha ihame aruko harebwa igihano cyatanzwe (igihano cy’imyaka 15). Ku birebana n'ibimenyetso byashingiweho kandi byaratanzwe nyuma yo gupfundikira iburanisha, bavuga ko bitaba impamvu yashingirwaho mu kwakira ubujurire bwa kabiri, cyane cyane ko ibimenyetso uwajuriye avuga byari bisanzwe muri dosiye y’Urukiko rwaciye urubanza ku rwego rwa mbere. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Kuba hari inyandiko (ikimenyetso) zatanzwe nyuma y'iburanisha kandi zigashingirwaho n’Urukiko hatabayeho gusubukura iburanisha ngo zigibweho impaka, ni impamvu ituma ubujurire bwa kabiri bwakirwa.

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2. Kuba mu bujurire bwa kabiri mu Rukiko Rw’Ubujurire harebwa niba igihano cyagenwe kingana nibura n'imyaka 15, bivuze ko mu gihe haba hari indishyi zaregewe mu rubanza nshinjabyaha, hadashingirwa ku ngano y'izatanzwe mu kugena ububasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, ntibivanaho ko, kimwe no mu zindi manza, mu manza nshinjabyaha hanarebwa niba hari izindi mpamvu mu zatuma ubujurire bwa kabiri buburanishwa n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire. Inzitizi y’iburabubasha nta shingiro ifite. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N° 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw'inkiko, ingingo ya 52. Nta manza zifashishijwe. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Dosiye igaragaza ko ku wa 27/12/2016, Mushimiyimana Jeröme yakubiswe n'abantu batandukanye barimo na Twagiramungu Jean Damascene, bimuviramo urupfu, abo bamukubise baregwa mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu mu rubanza nO RP 00092/2017/TGI/RBV ariko Twagiramungu Jean Damascene aburanishwa nk'uwatorotse ubutabera, amaze gufatwa ahita atanga ikirego cyo gusubirishamo urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu. [2] Mu rubanza n° RP 00015/2018/TGI/RBV rwaciwe ku wa 16/11/2018, Urukiko Rwisumbuye wa Rubavu rwemeje ko Twagiramungu Jean Damascóne alias Bwenge ahamwa n'icyaha cyo gukubita no gukomeretsa umuntu ku bushake byatere urupfu, rumuhanisha igifungo cy'imyaka 12, runamutegeka guha Umuhoza Alliance na Mukeshimana Aline 15.000.0000 Frw y'indishyi z'akababaro. [3] Twagiramungu Jean Damascene yajuriye mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, mu rubanza no RPA 00532/2018/HC/MUS rwaciwe ku wa 18/07/2019, urwo Rukiko rwemeza ko ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite, ko urubanza rwajuririwe ruhindutse gusa ku birenana n'igihano hamwe n'indishyi, rumuhanisha igifungo cy'imyaka umunani, runamutegeka guha Umuhoza Alliance na Mukeshimana Aline bahagarariwe na Nyiramagambo Vestine, indishyi zingana na 2.700.000 Frw. [4] Twagiramungu Jean Damascene yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire avuga ko nta ndishyi yagombaga gucibwa kuko abaziregeye badafite inyungu n'ububasha. Ku birebana n'iyakirwa ry'ubujurire bwa kabiri, avuga ko rishingiye ku ngingo ya 52, 4°, y'Itegeko n° 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha, kuko Urukiko Rukuru rwaciye urubanza rushingiye ku nyandiko zatanzwe nyuma yo gupfundikira iburanisha, hatabayeho kurisubukura. [5] Abaregera indishyi batanze inzitizi yo kutakira ubujurire bwa kabiri bwa Twagiramungu Jean Damascene kuko, hashingiwe ku biteganywa n'ingngo ya 52 y'Itegeko n° 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru, indishyi zagenwe zitageze kuri 75.000.000 Frw.

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[6] Urubanza rwaburanishijwe mu ruhame ku wa 26/04/2021, Twagiramungu Jean Damascéne yunganirwa na Me Nkurunziza Valentin, Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na BUNYOYE Grâce, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw'Igihugu, abaregeye indishyi bahagarariwe na Me Rugeyo Jean, hasuzumwa inzitizi yatanzwe n'abaregeye indishyi. II. IKIBAZO KIRI MU RUBANZA N’ISESENGURWA RYACYO: Kumenya niba ubujurire bwa Twagiramungu Jean Damascene butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire [7] Me Rugeyo Jean mu mwanya w'abaregeye indishyi, avuga ko hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 52 y'ltegeko no 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw'inkiko, kuba Twagiramungu Jean Damascéne yarajuririye ikibazo cy'indishyi gusa, kandi izagenwe zikaba zitageze kuri 75.000.000 Frw, ubujurire bwe butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, cyane cyane ko ingingo ya 188 y'ltegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y'imanza z'inshinjabyaha ivuga ko Urukiko rwajuririwe ruburanisha gusa mu mbibi z'icyajuririwe. [8] Ku birebana n'ibimenyetso byashingiweho kandi byaratanzwe nyuma yo gupfundikira iburanisha, Me Rugeyo Jean avuga ko itaba impamvu yashingirwaho mu kwakira ubujurire bwa kabiri, cyane cyane ko ibimenyetso uwajuriye avuga byari bisanzwe muri dosiye y’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze, ko kandi mu manza nshinjabyaha, ihame ari uko harebwa igihano cyatanzwe nk'uko biteganywa n'ingingo ya 52, 9° y'Itegeko N° 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru ivuga igifungo cy'imyaka 15, mu gihe uwajuriye yahanishijwe ikiri munsi y'iyo myaka, ko ariko kuba yarajuririye indishyi, harebwa niba izatanzwe zigeze kuri 75.000.000 Frw. [9] Uburanira Twagiramungu Jean Damascéne avuga ko inzitizi yatanzwe n'abaregeye indishyi nta shingiro ifite, kuko ubujurire bw'uwo yunganira bushingiye ku ngingo ya 52, 4° y'Itegeko n° 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 ari nayo ubwanditsi bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire bwashingiyeho mu kwakira ubwo bujurire. Asobanura ko kuba indishyi zagenwe zitageze kuri 75.000.000 Frw, atari cyo kigomba kurebwa, ko ahubwo kuba ku rwego rwa mbere Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu rwarashingiye ku byemezo by'amavuko by'abana baregeye indishyi (attestations), naho mu bujurire uwo yunganira agasaba ko hagaragazwa inyandiko z'ivuka (actes de naissance), zigatangwa nyuma yo gupfundikira iburanisha kandi zigashingirwaho mu guca urubanza nk'uko bigaragara mu gika cya 28 cy'urubanza rwajuririwe, iyo mpamvu ituma ubujurire bwa kabiri bugomba kwakirwa kuko buri mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rwajuririwe. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [10] Ingingo ya 52 y'Itegeko n° 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw'inkiko niyo iteganya ububasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, mu gika cya mbere ikavuga ko urwo Rukiko ruburanisha mu rwego rw'ubujurire bwa mbere imanza zaciwe mu rwego rwa mbere n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi n’Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare, naho mu gika cya kabiri ikavuga ko Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ruburanisha mu rwego rw'ubujurire bwa kabiri imanza zaciwe n'inkiko zimaze kuvugwa iyo zujuje ibiteganywa n'iyo ngingo, nko mu gace ka 4°,

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hakavugwa ko izo manza ziburanishwa iyo zaciwe hashingiqwe ku kimenyetso, inyandiko cyangwa imyanzuro byatanzwe nyuma yo gupfundikira urubanza kandi hatabayeho gusubukura iburanisha,' mu gace ka 8° hakavugwamo ko iyo izo manza “zagenwemo n'urukiko indishyi zingana nibura na miliyoni mirongo irindwi ( 75.000.000 Frw) "; naho mu gace ka 9o hakavugwamo ko iyo izo manza "zagenwemo igifungo kingana nibura n'imyaka cumi n'itanu (15). Mu manza nshinjabyaha igihano cy'igifungo cyagenwe ni cyo cyonyine gishingirwaho mu kugena ububasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire”. [11] Nkuko dosiye ibigaragaza, ubujurire bwa Twagiramungu Jean Damascene bwakiriwe n'ubwanditsi bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 52,4° y'ltegeko no 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw'inkiko, kuko hari inyandiko ebyiri zashingiweho mu gika cya 28 cy'urubanza rujuririrwa kandi zarashyizwe muri dosiye nyuma y'ipfundikirwa ry'iburanisha, hatabayeho kurisubukura. [12] Bigaragara kandi ko ubwo urubanza rwaburanishwaga mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze ku kibazo cy'indishyi, Twagiramungu Jean Damascéne n'umwunganira bavuze ko abana baregeye indishyi batemewe n'umubyeyi wabo nyakwigendera Mushimiyimana Jéröme, ko ku rwego rwa mbere basabye ko hagaragazwa inyandiko yo kubemera (acte de reconnaissance) kuko hatanzwe inyandiko z'amavuko gusa (attestations de naissance). Nyuma y'uko Nyiramagambo Vestine avuze ko abo bana banditswe mu gitabo cy'irangamimerere ari nacyo cyatumye hatangwa inyandiko z'amavuko (attestations de naissance), Urukiko rwamusabye kujya ku Murenge kuzana inyandiko yemera abo bana, ko niba idahari, hazafotorwa mu gitabo aho banditse kugira ngo hamenyekane igihe bandikiwe. [13] Dosiye igaragaza na none ko nyuma yo gupfundikira iburanisha ryo ku wa 27/06/2019, ku wa 04/07/2019 Nyiramagambo Vestine yashyize muri dosiye y'urubanza inyandiko mpine z'ivuka za Umuhoza Alliance na Mukeshimana Aline (birth certificates/extraits d'acte de naissance), maze nk'uko bigaragara mu gika cya 28 cy'urubanza rwajuririwe, Urukiko Rukuru rusanga rukwiye kwemera ko abo bana bafite uburenganzira bwo kuregera indishyi hashingiwe ku nyandiko z'ivuka zagaragajwe nk'ikimenyetso mu rwego rw'ubujurire, mu mwanya w'ibyemezo by'amavuko byari byatanzwe ku rwego rwa mbere. [14] Hashingiwe ku bimaze gusobanurwa, Urukiko rurasanga kuba hari inyandiko (ikimenyetso) zatanzwe nyuma y'iburanisha kandi zigashingirwaho n’Urukiko ku kibazo kirebana n'abaregeye indishyi, hatabayeho gusubukura iburanisha ngo zigibweho impaka, ari impamvu ituma ubujurire bwa kabiri bwa Twagiramungu Jean Damascene buba mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire nk'uko biteganywa n'ingingo ya 52, 4° y'ltegeko n° 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru, cyane cyane ko icyo kibazo cyo kumenya niba abaregeye indishyi ari abana ba nyakwigendera kiri mu byasuzumwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku bujurire bwa Twagiramungu Jean Damascene. [15] Urukiko rurasanga kandi ibimaze kuvugwa bivuguruza imvugo y'uburanira abaregera indishyi y'uko inyandiko zatanzwe mu bujurire zari zisanzwe muri dosiye y’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu, kuko kuri urwo rwego hatanzwe ibyemezo by'amavuko (attestations de naissance), ndetse Urukiko Rukuru rukaba rwarasobanuye ko hagomba gushingirwa ku zatanzwe kuri urwo rwego mu mwanya w'ibyemezo by'amavuko byatanzwe ku rwego rwa mbere.

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[16] Ku bivugwa n'uburanira abaregeye indishyi ko mu manza nshinjabyaha harebwa gusa igihano cyagenwe mu gihe kingana nibura n'imyaka 15 cyangwa indishyi zagenwe zingana na 75.000.000 Frw, Urukiko rurasanga kuba koko mu bujurire bwa kabiri harebwa niba igihano cyagenwe kingana nibura n'imyaka 15, bivuze ko mu gihe haba hari indishyi zaregewe mu rubanza nshinjabyaha, hadashingirwa ku ngano y'izatanzwe mu kugena ububasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, ariko bikaba bitavanaho ko, kimwe no mu zindi manza, mu manza nshinjabyaha hanarebwa niba hari izindi mpamvu mu zivugwa mu duce twa 1°- 7°, zatuma ubujurire bwa kabiri buburanishwa n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, nko kuba harashingiwe ku bimenyetso byatanzwe nyuma yo gupfundikira iburanisha nk'uko bimeze muri uru rubanza, bityo hashingiwe ku bimaze gusobanurwa, inzıtizi yatanzwe n'abaregeye ındishyi ikaba nta shingiro ifite. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [17] Rwemeje ko inzitizi y'iburabubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire yatanzwe n'abaregeye indishyi nta shingiro ifite; [18] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Twagiramungu Jean Damascene buri mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire; [19] Rwemeje ko iburanisha ry'urubanza rizakomeza ku wa 21/06/2021; [20] Ruvuze ko amagarama abaye asubitswe.