UBUSHINJACYAHA BWA GISIRIKARE v. CIV RWASAMANZI

# UBUSHINJACYAHA BWA GISIRIKARE v. CIV RWASAMANZI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-08-05 - Case/document no.: RDPA 00001/2025/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA BWA GISIRIKARE v. CIV RWASAMANZI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RDPA 00001/2025/CA (Munyangeri, P.J.) 05 Kanama 2025] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’Inshinjabyaha – Ikirego cyihutirwa – Mu gihe hari impamvu zikomeye kandi zidasanzwe, Ubushinjacyaha bushobora gutanga ikirego cyihutirwa busaba urukiko rwajuririwe gutegeka ko uregwa afungwa. Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha – Gufungwa binyuranyije n’amategeko – Iyo uregwa afunzwe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko aregeye urukiko asaba gufata icyemezo kuri iryo fungwa, urukiko rushobora gutegeka ko akomeza gufungwa cyangwa ko afungurwa cyangwa ko afungurwa agategekwa kugira ibyo yubahiriza. Incamake y’ikibazo: Ubushinjacyaha bwa Gisirikare bwatanze ikirego cyihutirwa mu Rukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare busaba ko Civ Rwasamanzi wari ukurikiranyweho ibyaha bitandukanye akomeza gufungwa kuko yari agiye kurangiza ibihano by’ibyaha bya mbere yari akurikiranyweho, kandi hari ibindi byaha bishya yaregewe urukiko ariko akaba atari yari yabiburanishwaho mu mizi. Civ Rwasamanzi yaburanye asaba kuburana ari hanze, kuko nta mpamvu zidasanzwe kandi zikomeye zatuma akurikiranwa afunze mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko. Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisikare rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko ikirego cy’ubushinjacyaha gisaba ko uregwa udafunze afungwa gifite ishingiro, ko hari impamvu zikomeye kandi zidasanzwe zituma Rwasamanzi Emile afungwa mu gihe akiburana urubanza RPA 00018/2024/MHC. Civ Rwasamanzi yajuririye mu Rukiko Rukuru rwa Gisikare anenga kuba Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare kuba rwarirengagije ko rutari rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ku rwego rwa mbere urubanza rujuririrwa; rwarirengagije ko afunze mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko; no kuba rwarirengagije ibisobanuro yatanze. Avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisikare rutari rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ibijyanye n’ifunga n’ifungurwa ry’agateganyo, kuko ibyo biri mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rwa Gisikare. Ubushinjacyaha bwaburanye buvuga ko hashingiwe ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 186, igika cya 3 y’itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, ivuga ko “urukiko rwajuririwe rushobora gusuzuma ikirego cyihutirwa gisaba ko uregwa adafunze afungwa mu gihe habonetse impamvu zikomeye kandi zidasanzwe.”, busaba ko ubujurire bwa Civ Rwasamanzi butahabwa ishingiro kuko atabasha kuvuguruza ibikuye muri iyo ngingo. Civ Rwasamanzi yaburanye kandi avuga ko yafunzwe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, kuko Ubugenzacyaha bwa Gisirikare bwamukoreye PVA kandi yarasanzwe afunzwe, ndetse akaba ataranabajijwe, ahubwo agakurwa muri Gereza ya Musanze aho yari asanzwe afungiye, ajyanwa mu igororero, akavuga ko yafunzwe mu buryo bunyuranye n’amategeko. Ku rundi ruhande Ubushinjacyaha bwa Gisirikare buvuga ko Civ Rwasamanzi atafungiwe kuri PVA cg MAP ahubwo ko yashyizwe kuri MAP mu gihe yari yegereje kurangiza ibihano yari

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yarahawe. Bukavuga ko nta kosa Urukiko rwakoze mu gihe rwasanze hari impamvu zikomeye kandi zidasanzwe zituma afungwa. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Mu gihe hari impamvu zikomeye kandi zidasanzwe, Ubushinjacyaha bushobora gutanga ikirego cyihutirwa busaba urukiko rwajuririwe gutegeka ko uregwa afungwa. 2. Iyo uregwa afunzwe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko aregeye urukiko asaba gufata icyemezo kuri iryo fungwa, urukiko rushobora gutegeka ko akomeza gufungwa cyangwa ko afungurwa agategekwa kugira ibyo yubahiriza. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N˚ 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, Ingingo ya 145 n’iya 186, igika cya gatatu. Nta manza zifashishijwe. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ku wa 05/04/2025, UBUSHINJACYAHA BWA GISIRIKARE bwatanze ikirego mu Rukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare, busaba ko Civ Rwasamanzi Emile waburanaga urubanza RPA 00018/2024/MHC adafunze, aba afunzwe kuko ubundi yari afunzwe kubera ibindi byaha yahaniwe n’Urukiko Rukuru mu rubanza RPA 00369/2019/HC/KIG, akaba yaragombaga gufungurwa ku wa 07/04/2025. Bwasobanuye ko kuri iyo tariki buzaba butararangiza kuburanisha urwo rubanza, bityo ko bufite impungenge ko aramutse afunguwe yatoroka ubutabera. [2] Civ Rwasamanzi Emile n’umwunganira bireguye bavuga ko nta mpamvu zidasanzwe kandi zikomeye zatuma akurikiranwa afunze mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, basaba ko yazaburana ari hanze. [3] Mu rubanza RDP 00002/2025/MHC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare ku wa 19/05/2025, urwo Rukiko rushingiye ku ngingo ya 186, igika cya 2 n’icya 3 y’itegeko N˚ 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, no ku ngingo ya 145 z’itegeko N˚027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, ku kuba Civ Rwasamanzi Emile yarakunze kurangwa n’imyitwarire idahwitse harimo kuba yarihesheje umutungo w’amadolari menshi ndetse akaba atararangiza kuwugarura, kuba yarigeze gutoroka CID ndetse agatorokana n’umupolisi wari umurinze, rwemeje ko ikirego cy’ubushinjacyaha gisaba ko uregwa udafunze afungwa gifite ishingiro, ko hari impamvu zikomeye kandi zidasanzwe zituma Rwasamanzi Emile afungwa mu gihe akiburana urubanza RPA 00018/2024/MHC.

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[4] Ku wa 21/05/2025, Civ Rwasamanzi Emile yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, Ubujurire bwe bwandikwa kuri RDPA 00001/2025/CA, iburanisha rishyirwa ku wa 09/07/2025 uwo munsi ntirwaburanishwa kubera ko hari ibitari byatunganyijwe mu ihamagarwa ry’ababuranyi, ryimurirwa ku wa 21/07/2025 uwo munsi na bwo ntirwaburanishwa kubera amahugurwa y’abacamanza, ryimurirwa ku wa 25/07/2025. [5] Uwo munsi ababuranyi bose baritabye, Civ Rwasamanzi Emile yunganiwe na Me Bigaraba Rwaka John, UBUSHINJACYAHA BWA GISIRIKARE buhagarariwe na Major Kayihura Kagiraneza Lievin, Umushinjacyaha. [6] Mu myanzuro y’ubujurire no mu miburanire, Civ Rwasamanzi Emile n’umwunganira banenga Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare kuba: - rwarirengagije ko rutari rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ku rwego rwa mbere urubanza rujuririrwa; - rwarirengagije ko Rwasamanzi Emile afunze mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko; - rwarirengagije ibisobanuro yatanze [7] Uhagarariye UBUSHINJACYAHA BWA GISIRIKARE avuga ko ubujurire bwa Civ Rwasamanzi Emile nta shingiro bukwiye guhabwa, ko hagumaho icyemezo cyafashwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare. [8] Nyuma y’izo mpaka harasuzumwa ibibazo bikurikira: a. Kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rutari rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ku rwego rwa mbere urubanza rujuririrwa; b. Kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rwarirengagije ko Civ Rwasamanzi Emile afunze mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko; c. Kumenya niba nta mpamvu zikomeye kandi zidasanzwe zari gutuma Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rwemeza ko Civ Rwasamanzi Emile afungwa.

II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA 1. Kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rutari rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ku rwego rwa mbere urubanza rujuririrwa [9] Civ Rwasamanzi Emile n’umwunganira basobanura ko yafunzwe mu mwaka wa 2018 Ubushinjacyaha bwa gisivili bumukurikiranyeho ibyaha, araburana aratsindwa ahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka irindwi (7), ko mu gihe igihano cy’igifungo cyari kigeze hagati Ubushinjanjacya bwa Gisirikare bwamukoreye indi dosiye ifitanye isano n’icyaha yahamijwe, hongerwamo icyaha cy’iyezandonke, mu Rukiko rwa Gisirikare aratsindwa, ajurira mu Rukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare, bagezeyo batanga inzitizi, ntibishimira icyemezo cyayifashweho niko kukijuririra mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire. [10] Civ Rwasamanzi Emile n’umwunganira bavuga ko bashingiye ku ngingo ya 84 y’itegeko N˚ 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko, Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rutari rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha urubanza ku ifunga n’ifungurwa ry’agateganyo mu rwego

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rwa mbere, ngo kuko adakurikiranweho icyaha cyo guhungabanya umutekano w’igihugu kandi ko no mu manza zisanzwe, ibirego byerekeye ifunga n’ifungurwa ry’agateganyo bisuzumwa n’inkiko z’ibanze, bityo ko ikirego gisaba ko afungwa by’agateganyo cyagombaga gutangwa mu Rukiko rwa Gisirikare kuko ari rwo ruburanisha ibirego nk’ibyo ku rwego rwa mbere. [11] Bavuga ko batirengagiza ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 186 y’itegeko N˚ 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, iha urukiko rwajuririwe ububasha bwo gusuzuma niba umuntu uburana ku rwego rw’ubujurire yafatwa agafungwa, ko ariko bo basanga urebwa n’iyo ngingo y’itegeko usabirwa gufungwa agomba kuba adafunzwe, kuri Civ Rwasamanzi Emile akaba atariko byagenze, kuko inyandiko zose zirebana n’ifatwa n’ifungwa mu rwego rw’iperereza PVA na MAP) n’ubundi zakozwe asanzwe afunzwe. Bakaba basanga mu gihe urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rwasanze ibyo byemezo byarafashwe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko rwaragombaga kubivanaho, rugategeka ko Civ Rwasamanzi Emile afungurwa. [12] Kuri iyi ngingo basoza bavuga ko kuba urubanza RPA 00018/2024/MHC rugeze mu Rukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare, basanga aho gutanga ikirego gisaba ko Civ Rwasamanzi Emile afungwa by’agateganyo, UBUSHINJACYAHA BWA GISIRIKARE bwari gutanga ikirego cyihutirwa gishamikiye ku rubanza rw’iremezo, bugasaba ko afungwa aho gutangirira kuri zeru imihango yo kuzuza inyandiko z’ifatwa n’izifungwa ry’agateganyo (PVA na MAP), ndetse ko no kuba ubujurire ku cyemezo cyafashwe ku nzitizi bwari mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, basanga ubwo busabe bwari gushyikirizwa uru Rukiko. [13] Uhagarariye UBUSHINJACYAHA BWA GISIRIKARE yireguye avuga ko urwego ahagarariye rwatanze ikirego mu Rukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rusaba ko Civ Rwasamanzi Emile akurikiranwa afunze rushingiye ku ngingo ya 186 y’itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, ko rero kidashingiye kuri procédure yo kuburanisha ku ifunga n’ifungurwa ry’agateganyo bikorwa hagendewe ku bihe by’inyandikomvugo y’ifatwa (PVA) no ku itegeko rifunga by’agateganyo (MAP). [14] Kuri iyi ngingo asoza avuga ko ububasha bw’Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare bushingiye ku ngingo ya 186, igika cya 3 y’itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, aho ivuga ko “urukiko rwajuririwe rushobora gusuzuma ikirego cyihutirwa gisaba ko uregwa adafunze afungwa mu gihe habonetse impamvu zikomeye kandi zidasanzwe.” Bityo ko kuba urubanza rwa Civ Rwasamanzi Emile rugeze mu Rukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare, urwo rukiko ari rwo rwari rufite ububasha bwo gusuzuma ikirego cy’ubushinjacyaha gisaba ko uregwa afungwa, urubanza RPA 00018/2024/MHC kugeza ubu rukaba rutaraburanishwa kubera ko hari inzitizi yajuririwe mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire. Asaba ko iyi mpamvu y’ubujurire itahabwa ishingiro kuko uwajuriye n’umwunganira badashobora kuvuguruza ingingo y’itegeko yashingiweho Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rwemeza ko rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ikirego rwari rwaregewe. Uko Urukiko rubibona [15] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rutari rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ku rwego rwa mbere ikirego rwaregewe gisaba ko Civ Rwasamanzi Emile wakurikiranwaga adafunze, afungwa.

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[16] Ingingo ya 186, igika cya gatatu y’itegeko N˚ 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha iteganya ibikurikira: ”Ku byerekeye ikirego cyihutirwa, urukiko rwajuririwe rushobora gutegeka ko uregwa afungwa iyo habonetse impamvu zikomeye kandi zidasanzwe zagaragajwe n’Ubushinjacyaha.” [17] Iyi ngingo y’itegeko yumvikanisha ko mu gihe hari impamvu zikomeye kandi zidasanzwe, Ubushinjacyaha bushobora gutanga ikirego cyihutirwa busaba urukiko rwajuririwe gutegeka ko uregwa afungwa. [18] Mu bibazo byasuzumwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare harimo icyo kumenya niba hari impamvu zikomeye kandi zidasanzwe zatuma Civ Rwasamanzi Emile aburana afunze. Mu gusesengura icyo kibazo, mu gika cya 12 cy’urwo rubanza, urwo Rukiko rwagaragaje ko ububasha bwarwo kuri icyo kirego bushingiye ku ngingo ya 186, igika cya 3 y’itegeko N˚ 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha. [19] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga impande zombi zemeranya ko urubanza nshinjabyaha Civ Rwasamanzi Emile akurikiranweho ku cyaha cy’ubufatanyacyaha ku cyaha cy’iyezandonke ubu rugeze mu Rukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare. Kuba rero urwo rubanza ruri muri urwo Rukiko, uru Rukiko rurasanga nta rundi rwari rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ikirego cyihutirwa gisaba ko Civ Rwasamanzi Emile afungwa, urwo Rukiko rugasuzuma ishingiro ry’impamvu zikomeye kandi zidasanzwe zatanzwe n’Ubushinjacyaha nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 186 y’itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha ryavuzwe haruguru. [20] Ku bijyanye no kuba Civ Rwasamanzi Emile n’umwunganira bavuga ko kuba urubanza rwe rwari rugeze mu Rukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare kuri RPA 00018/2024/MHC, Ubushinjacyaha bwa Gisirikare bwagombaga gutanga ikirego cyihutirwa gishamikiye kuri urwo rubanza, aho gutanga ikirego gishingiye ku nyandikomvugo y’ifatwa n’ifungwa, uru Rukiko rurasanga nta shingiro bifite kuko nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru kandi biteganywa n’ingingo ya 186 y’itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, n’ubundi icyo Ubushinjacyaha bwa Gisirikare bwakoze ni ugutanga ikirego cyihutirwa gisaba ko Civ Rwasamanzi Emile afungwa. [21] Ku bijyanye no kuba Civ Rwasamanzi Emile n’umwunganira bavuga ko ikirego gisaba ko afungwa cyagombaga gushyikirizwa Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ngo kubera ko ubujurire ku cyemezo ku nzitizi buri mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, uru Rukiko rurasanga nta shingiro bifite, kuko ubujurire ku cyemezo cyafashwe ku nzitizi yatanzwe mu rubanza ruri mu Rukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare, bitambuye urwo Rukiko urubanza RPA 00018/2024/MHC ruri mu bubasha bwarwo nk’ubujurire bugeze ku rwego rwa mbere. [22] Hashingiwe ku biteganywa n’ingingo y’itegeko ryavuzwe haruguru ndetse n’ibisobanuro bitanzwe, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rwari rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ikirego rwaregewe gisaba ko Civ Rwasamanzi Emile afungwa mu gihe urubanza rwajuririwe muri urwo Rukiko rukiburanishwa. Bityo, iyi ngingo y’ubujurire ya Civ Rwasamanzi Emile ikaba nta shingiro ifite. 2. Kumenya niba Civ Rwasamanzi Emile afunze mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko [23] Civ Rwasamanzi Emile n’umwunganira bavuga ko ku wa 04/04/2025, Ubugenzacyaha bwa Gisirikare bwagiye mu igororero rya Musanze bumukorera inyandiko imufata (Procēs Verbal

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d’Arrestation) kandi yari asanzwe afunze, ndetse n’iyo ku wa 10/04/2025 yakozwe n’Ubugenzacyaha (Mandat d’Arrêt Provisoire) ikaba yarakozwe nta cyo ishingiyeho kuko atigeze akorerwa inyandikomvugo y’ibazwa (Procēs Verbal d’Audition) itaranahawe ububasha (commission rogatoire). Bavuga kandi ko inyandiko zakozwe n’inzego z’iperereza za Gisirikare zatumye Civ Rwasamanzi Emile afungirwa aho atagomba gufungirwa kuko zamufungiye mu igororero, bikaba binyuranyije n’ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 69 y’itegeko N˚ 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha ryavuzwe haruguru. Basoza bavuga ko yaba inyandiko y’Ubugenzacyaha ndetse n’iy’Ubushinjacyaha, nta n’imwe yubahirije igihe cy’iminsi itanu (5) iteganywa n’itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha. Bityo ko inyandikomvugo z’ifatwa n’ifungwa zakozwe mu gihe kitari cyo, zinakorerwa ahariho kuko zakozwe n’ubundi Civ Rwasamanzi Emile afunze. [24] Uhagarariye UBUSHINJACYAHA BWA GISIRIKARE asobanura ko bwatanze ikirego mu Rukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare ku wa 04/04/2025 Civ Rwasamanzi Emile adafungiye kuri PVA cyangwa kuri MAP, ko ahubwo ku wa 05/04/2025 ari bwo bwamushyize kuri MAP kubera ko hari hagiye kwinjira weekend hagati aho akaba yari gufungurwa kuko igihano cyarimo kirangizwa cyagombaga kurangira ku wa 07/04/2025, icyo kirego kikaba kitaratanzwe hashingiwe kuri PVA cyangwa MAP. [25] Akomeza avuga ko mu gika cya 24 cy’urubanza, Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rwasobanuye koko ko Ubushinjacyaha butagombaga gukorera Civ Rwasamanzi Emile inyandiko za PVA na MAP, ko ariko mu gika cya 26 n’icya 28 by’icyemezo kijuririrwa, rwasobanuye impamvu Civ Rwasamanzi Emile afungwa by’agateganyo, hashingiwe ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 145 y’itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha ryakomeje kuvugwa. Bityo ko asanga nta kosa Urukiko rwakoze mu gihe rwasanze hari impamvu zikomeye kandi zidasanzwe zituma afungwa. Uko Urukiko rubibona [26] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba mu gihe Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rusanze Civ Rwasamanzi Emile yarafunzwe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, rwaragombaga gutegeka ko adafungwa. [27] Ingingo ya 145, igika cya mbere y’itegeko N˚ 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha iteganya ko” Nyuma yo kumva ibisobanuro rwahawe, urukiko rushobora gutegeka ko ufunzwe akomeza gufungwa cyangwa se ko afungurwa. Rushobora kandi no gutegeka ko ufunzwe afungurwa by’agateganyo rukamutegeka ariko kugira ibyo yubahiriza biteganywa mu ngingo ya 80 y’iri tegeko.” [28] Ibiteganywa n’iyi ngingo byumvikanisha ko iyo uregwa afunzwe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko aregeye urukiko asaba gufata icyemezo kuri iryo fungwa, urukiko rushobora gutegeka ko akomeza gufungwa cyangwa ko afungurwa cyangwa ko afungurwa agategekwa kugira ibyo yubahiriza. [29] Mu gika cya 25 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rwagaragaje ko rusanga mu gihe urukiko rwaciye urubanza rutigeze rutegeka ko uwahamwe n’icyaha ahita afungwa cyangwa ngo byemezwe n’Urukiko rwajuririwe, iryo fungwa ry’uwaciriwe urubanza riba

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rinyuranyije n’amategeko. Mu gika cya 26 rusobanura ko ariko rusanga ingingo ya 145 y’itegeko N˚ 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha irebana n’icyemezo ku kirego cyo gufunga umuntu mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, iteganya ko urukiko rushobora gutegeka ko ufungwa akomeza gufungwa cyangwa se gufungurwa. [30] Mu gika cya 27 cy’urubanza, Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rwasobanuye ko ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 145 y’itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha byumvikanisha ko yiyambazwa mu gihe hari ikirego cyaregewe urukiko kirebana n’ifungwa ritubahirije amategeko, ko ariko ku bireba urubanza rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Civ Rwasamanzi Emile, nta kirego cyihariye cy’ifungwa ritubahirije amategeko cyashyikirijwe urukiko, ko ariko n’ubwo bimeze bityo, mu miburanire ye, uregwa yagaragaje ko Ubushinjacyaha bwa Gisirikare bumufunze mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, bityo ko rutari kwirengagiza iyo ngingo kuko ari ndemyagihugu, ruvuga ko rusanga iyo uregwa azamuye icyo kibazo imbere y’urukiko, bidatandukanye cyane n’ikirego kirebana n’ifungwa ritubahirije amategeko, itandukaniro akaba ari uko uregwa aba yifuza kurekurwa gusa, ko ariko kuko habonetse impamvu zikomeye kandi zemejwe n’Urukiko, nta cyarubuza gukoresha ingingo ya 145 y’itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha ryavuzwe haruguru, mu gika cya 28 rwemeza ko Civ Rwasamanzi Emile akomeza kuburana urubanza mu mizi afunze kugira ngo adatoroka ubutabera. [31] Ku birebana n’uru rubanza, n’ubwo Civ Rwasamanzi Emile atari yaregeye urukiko ikirego cyo kuba yari afunzwe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, ariko yabigaragarije mu rubanza RDP 00002/2025/MHC Ubushinjacyaha bwamurezemo, urukiko rwakira ubusabe bwe burabusuzuma, rusanga n’ubwo yafunzwe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, akwiye gukomeza gufungwa kugira ngo adatoroka ubutabera. [32] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga niba Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rwari rubonye ko Civ Rwasamanzi Emile yafunzwe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’itegeko, rudategetswe gutegeka byanze bikunze ko afungurwa kuko ingingo y’itegeko ryashingiyeho rufata icyo cyemezo, iteganyiriza umucamanza amahitamo y’ibyemezo bitatu (3) kuri icyo kibazo nk’uko byagaragajwe haruguru. Kuba rero Civ Rwasamanzi Emile n’umwunganira batagaragaza icyo banenga ku cyemezo cy’urukiko kuri iyi ngingo ahubwo bakagarura imiburanire nk’iyo ku rwego rwa mbere, uru Rukiko rukaba rusanga nta kosa Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rwakoze mu kwemeza ko Civ Rwasamanzi Emile akomeza gukurikiranwa afunze.

3. Kumenya niba nta mpamvu zikomeye kandi zidasanzwe zari gutuma Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rwemeza ko Civ Rwasamanzi Emile afungwa [33] Civ Rwasamanzi Emile n’umwunganira bavuga ko imvugo z’abatangabuhamya Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rwashingiyeho zivuga ko yigeze gutoroka CID zitagombaga guhabwa ishingiro kuko nta kindi kimenyetso gifatika nk’igitabo UBUSHINJACYAHA BWA GISIRIKARE bwigeze bugaragaza cyashingirwaho hemezwa koko ko yigeze kwakirwa muri CID ndetse akayitoroka, kandi ko batazi impamvu ibyo bintu byaba byarabaye ku mwaka wa 2016, UBUSHINJACYAHA BWA GISIRIKARE bukajya kubaza CIP Kanyabashi Alexis mu mwaka wa 2025, ngo na ho ubuhamya bwa mwishywa we witwa Ishamiryase wavuze ko yatorotse CID agatorokera iwe akaba ariho afatitwa ariko umupolisi wamufashije gutoroka we agacika, basanga

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batazi impamvu yamuteye gutanga ubwo buhamya kandi bitarigeze bibaho, ngo na cyane ko ibibazo byo mu miryango aba ari byinshi. [34] Bavuga kandi ko Urukiko rutagombaga gufata icyemezo kimufunga by’agateganyo rushingiye ku kuba UBUSHINJACYAHA BWA GISIRIKARE bwaravuze ko afite imyitwarire yo guhora akora ibyaha, ngo nyamara nta kindi cyaha yigeze akurikiranwaho uretse icyo akurikiranweho ubu. Ku kuba yarimuwe mu igororero rya Nyarugenge akimurirwa mu rya Musanze kubera ikibazo cy’imyitwarire mibi, bavuga ko ubuyobozi bw’igororero rya Nyarugenge bwavuze ko ngo yagurishije umwanya mugenzi we yagombaga kuryamamo, ngo nyamara nta cyo yari ashinzwe muri iryo gororero, ko rero iyo myitwarire nta yabayeho kandi ko ngo n’iyo yaba yarabayeho, basanga ari ikosa ryaba ryarakozwe ridafite aho rihuriye n’imyitwarire mibi, bityo ko basanga nta mpamvu zikomeye kandi zidasanzwe zihari, zatuma akurikiranwa afunze, kuko no mu rubanza yarangirije igihano, abaregera indishyi batangiye kwishyurwa bikaba bigeze kure, n’imitungo ye ikaba yarashyizweho itambama. Basoza bavuga ko urubanza ko kuba urubanza ku cyaha cy’iyezandonke rumaze igihe ruburanishwa nta bushake yagize mu gutinda kwarwo, ko ahubwo byagiye biterwa n’ibibazo by’uburwayi bw’umugongo yagiye agira. [35] Uhagarariye UBUSHINJACYAHA BWA GISIRIKARE avuga ko mu gika cya 14 n’icya 15, Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rwasobanuye impamvu imvugo za CIP Kanyabashi na Ishamiryase zirebana no kuba Civ Rwasamanzi Emile yarigeze gutoroka CID zigomba guhabwa ishingiro, kandi ko na mbere yo gukora icyaha akurikiranyweho yagiye arangwa no gukora ibyaha bikomeye harimo nko kwibisha imbunda, kurema umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi n’ibindi byaha harimo n’ibyagiye bimuhama, ko rero atakwizerwa ku buryo hafatwa ko aramutse arekuwe yajya aboneka igihe cyose ubutabera bumukeneye. Avuga kandi ko Urukiko rujya gufata icyemezo cy’uko Civ Rwasamanzi Emile aburana afunze, rwanagaragaje ko amaze imyaka igera kuri ine (4) aburana urubanza ku cyaha cy’iyezandonke, urwo rubanza rukaba rumaze iyo myaka yose rutarapfundikirirwa iburanisha bitewe na we wagiye atanga impamvu zo kurusubika, agamije kurangiza igihano yarimo kugira ngo azafungurwe ataraburana urwo rubanza. [36] Avuga kandi ko Civ Rwasamanzi Emile yigeze guhanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka icumi (10) ku cyaha cyo kurema umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi n’icy’ubujura bwitwaje intwaro, kandi ko gusaba gufungurwa yitwaje ko imitungo ye yashyizweho itambama, iryo tambama ridahagije kuko n’ubundi iyo mitungo ikiri mu maboko ye, ikaba itaranakorewe igenagaciro ngo hamenyekane niba yavamo miliyoni ebyiri z’amadolari akurikiranyweho. Busoza busaba ko Civ Rwasamanzi Emile akomeza gufungwa kuko hari impamvu zikomeye kandi zidasanzwe, kandi ko n’umuvandimwe we bafatanyije urubanza ku cyaha cy’iyezandonke na we ubu afunze. Uko Urukiko rubibona [37] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba impamvu Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rwashingiye rufata icyemezo cy’uko Civ Rwasamanzi Emile afungwa, atari impamvu zikomeye kandi zidasanzwe. [38] Ingingo ya 186, igika cya gatatu y’itegeko N˚ 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha iteganya ibikurikira:” Ku byerekeye ikirego cyihutirwa, urukiko rwajuririwe rushobora gutegeka ko uregwa afungwa iyo habonetse impamvu zikomeye kandi zidasanzwe zagaragajwe n’Ubushinjacyaha.”

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[39] Mu rubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rwasuzumye ikibazo cyo kumenya niba hari impamvu zikomeye kandi zidasanzwe zatuma Civ Rwasamanzi Emile afungwa. Mu gika cya 15, icya 16, icya 18 by’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko rwagaragaje ko mu mpamvu UBUSHINJACYAHA BWA GISIRIKARE bwatanze, hari izumvikana zikurikira: - Kuba Civ Rwasamanzi Emile yarigeze gutoroka CID akajyana n’umupolisi witwa PC Nsanzumuhire Théoneste nk’uko byemejwe na CIP Kanyabashi Alexis, icyo gihe akaba yarafatiwe kwa Ishamiryase; - Kuba mu nyandikomvugo yakorewe muri CID ku wa 09/09/2016, Rwasamanzi Emile yariyemereye ko imyitwarire ye na mbere yo gukora icyaha akurikiranyweho yagiye irangwa no gukora ibyaha bikomeye nko kwibisha imbunda, kurema umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi, n’ibindi byaha kandi ko bimwe muri byo byagiye bimuhama, rusobanura ko atari umuntu wakwizerwa ko mu gihe yaba arekuwe yakongera kuboneka igihe cyose ubutabera bumushakiye; - Kuba umutungo Civ Rwasamanzi Emile akurikiranyweho utaragaruzwa wose ndetse hakaba hataramenyekana neza aho uherereye, mu gika cya 19 rwahuje izo mpamvu zose maze rwemeza ko zikomeye kandi zidasanzwe. [40] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga hakurikijwe amakuru atangwa ku mwirondoro wa Civ Rwasamanzi Emile, bigaragara ko mu buzima bwe arangwa no gukekwaho no gukurikiranwaho ibyaha bya hato na hato. [41] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga kuba Civ Rwasamanzi Emile yari arangije igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka irindwi (7) kandi yarahamijwe n’inkiko ibyaha bikomeye, ubwabyo ari impamvu ikomeye kandi idasanzwe ihagije kugira ngo atakarizwe icyizere cyo kuba yajya yitaba ubutabera igihe cyose bumukeneye, kuba rero Urukiko rwarafashe icyemezo cyo kumufunga mu gihe akiburana urubanza RPA 00018/2024/MHC rukaba nta kosa rwakoze. [42] Ku bijyanye no kuba Civ Rwasamanzi Emile n’umwunganira bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rutagombaga gufata ubuhamya bwa CIP Kanyabashi Alexis n’ubwa Ishamiryase ngo rubushingireho ruvuga ko yatorotse CID, uru Rukiko rurasanga nta shingiro bifite kuko batagaragaza icyo baba bapfa n’abatanze ubwo buhamya, na cyane ko rwagaragaje ko ibyavuzwe na Ishamiryase, Civ Rwasamanzi Emile ubwe yabishimangiye mu nyandikomvugo y’ibazwa rye yakorewe mu Bugenzacyaha ku wa 09/09/2016. [43] Ku bijyanye no kuba Civ Rwasamanzi Emile n’umwunganira bavuga ko yatangiye gusubiza amafaranga akurikiranyweho ndetse ko n’imitungo ye yafatiriwe, Urukiko rurasanga kuba ibyo byaba birimo gukorwa cyangwa byarakozwe, bidahagije kugira ngo akurikiranwe adafunze, kuko icyemezo cyo gukurikiranwa umuntu afunzwe gifatwa ahanini hamijwe ko ari bwo buryo bworoshye ubutabera bwajya bumubonera igihe cyose bumushakiye, na cyane ko ibyo bidakuraho imyitwarire afite muri sosiyete irangwa no kwishora mu bikorwa biganisha ku gukora ibyaha. [44] Ku bijyanye no kuba uhagarariye UBUSHINJACYAHA BWA GISIRIKARE avuga ko kuba Civ Rwasamanzi Emile yarigeze no gukatirwa igifungo cy’imyaka icumi (10) na byo biri mu mpamvu zigaragaza ko arangwa no gukora ibyaha, uru Rukiko rurasanga iyo mpamvu nta shingiro

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ikwiye guhabwa, kuko butigeze ashyira ahagaragara kopi y’urwo rubanza rwamuhanishije igifungo cy’imyaka icumi (10) cyangwa se byibuze ngo avuge nomero yarwo Urukiko rurwishakire rumenye koko ko yaba yarahanishijwe icyo gihano. [45] Hashingiwe ku biteganywa n’itegeko no ku bisobanuro bitanzwe, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga impamvu Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rwashingiyeho rwemeza ko Civ RWASAMANZI Emile aburana afunze, zikomeye kandi zidasanzwe, bityo ubujurire bwe kuri iyi ngingo bukaba nta shingiro bufite, akaba agomba gukomeza gufungwa.

III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [46] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Civ Rwasamanzi Emile, nta shingiro bufite. [47] Rwemeje ko icyemezo cyafashwe mu rubanza RDP 00002/2025/MHC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare ku wa 19/05/2025, kidahindutse. [48] Rutegetse ko Civ Rwasamanzi Emile akomeza kuburana afunzwe. [49] Ruvuze ko Civ Rwasamanzi Emile asonewe amagarama y’urubanza kubera ko aburana afunze.