UBUSHINJACYAHA BWA GISIRIKARE v. Maj (Rtd) MUDATHIRU HABIB ALIAS MUSSA N’ABANDI

# UBUSHINJACYAHA BWA GISIRIKARE v. Maj (Rtd) MUDATHIRU HABIB ALIAS MUSSA N’ABANDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2023-06-09 - Case/document no.: RPA 00047/2021/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA BWA GISIRIKARE v. Maj (Rtd) MUDATHIRU HABIB ALIAS MUSSA N’ABANDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPA 00047/2021/CA (Kanyange, P.J., Mukamurenzi na Rugabirwa, J.) 09 Kamena 2023] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza – Ibihe byo gutanga impamvu z’ubujurire ku muburanyi ufite kopi y’urubanza – Impamvu z’ubujurire zatanzwe nyuma y’ibihe by’ubujurire ntizakirwa – Impamvu z’ubujurire cyangwa inenge ziri mu rubanza rujuririrwa zigomba gutangwa mu bihe by’ubujurire biteganyijwe n’itegeko mu gihe kopi y’urubanza rujuririrwa yari ihari igihe ubujurire bwakorwaga, cyangwa zigatangwa nyuma yo kubona kopi y’urubanza itari ihari igihe umuburanyi yatanganga ubujurire. Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza – Ibihe byo gutanga impamvu z’ubujurire ku muburanyi udafite kopi y’urubanza – Ku muburanyi wajuririye ariko atarabona kopi y’urubanza, Impamvu z’ubujurire cyangwa inenge ziri mu rubanza rujuririrwa zigomba gutangwa mu bihe by’ubujurire biteganyijwe n’itegeko ariko ibihe bikabarwa kuva ayibonye kuko ari bwo aba ashobora kumenya icyo anenga urubanza yajuririye, ni ukuvuga ko kuva amaze kubona kopi y’urubanza aba afite igihe cy’iminsi mirongo itatu (30) kugira ngo ageze ku Rukiko inenge z’urubanza ajuririra. Incamake y’ikibazo: Ubushinjacyaha bwa Gisirikare bwareze abantu 32 harimo abasirikare hamwe naba sivili batandukanye, baregwa ibyaha birimo kurema umutwe w’ingabo utemewe cyangwa kuwujyamo, gucura umugambi wo kugirira nabi ubutegetsi buriho cyangwa cyo kubuhirika hakoreshejwe ibitero by’intambara cyangwa izindi mbaraga zose, kugirana umubano na Leta y’amahanga bigiriwe gushoza intambara, gushyiraho umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi cyangwa kuwujyamo, gucura umugambi wo gukora iterabwoba by’ umwihariko, bukanarega Pte Ruhinda Jean Bosco na Pte Muhire icyaha cyo gutoroka igisirikare, naho Pte Igitego Champagnat bukamurega icyaha cy’ingengabitekerezo ya jenoside. Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rubahanisha burumwe ibihano bitandukanye, maze mu bari barezwe uko ari 32, 26 nibo bajuriye mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire. Ubushinjacyaha bwa Gisirikare bwatanze inzitizi yo kutakira ubujurire bw’abajuririye bose uko ari 26, ku mpamvu yuko batagaragaje mu gihe cy’ubujurire inenge ziri mu rubanza bajuririye, bakabikora nyuma y’umwaka urenga, bityo ko inzitizi idashobara kwakirwa kuko yatanzwe nyuma y’igihe giteganyijwe cy’ubujurire. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Impamvu z’ubujurire cyangwa inenge ziri mu rubanza rujuririrwa zigomba gutangwa mu bihe by’ubujurire biteganyijwe n’itegeko mu gihe kopi y’urubanza rujuririrwa yari ihari igihe ubujurire bwakorwaga, cyangwa zigatangwa nyuma yo kubona kopi y’urubanza itari ihari igihe umuburanyi yatanganga ubujurire. 2.Ku muburanyi wajuririye ariko atarabona kopi y’urubanza, Impamvu z’ubujurire cyangwa inenge ziri mu rubanza rujuririrwa zigomba gutangwa mu bihe by’ubujurire biteganyijwe

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n’itegeko ariko ibihe bikabarwa kuva ayibonye kuko ari bwo aba ashobora kumenya icyo anenga urubanza yajuririye, ni ukuvuga ko kuva amaze kubona kopi y’urubanza aba afite igihe cy’iminsi mirongo itatu (30) kugira ngo ageze ku Rukiko inenge z’urubanza ajuririra. 2.Umuburanyi uri muri gereza wakoze inshingano ze zo kujurira agaragaza ibyo anenga urubanza rujuririrwa, ariko hakaba hari imwe mu myanzuro yashyizwe muri dosiye mu gihe cy’iminsi 30 nyuma y’uko kopi y’urubanza ibonetse, indi igashyirwamo nyuma y’icyo gihe ndetse hakaba n’itarashyizwemo, nta cyabuza ko ishingirwaho, kuko niba ubwanditsi bw’Urukiko bwemeje ko iyo myanzuro yahageze izanwe n’ubuyobozi bwa gereza uregwa afungiyemo, bivuze ko aba ayigejeje aho igomba kugera n’ubwo bwose nta kashe yashyizweho igaragaza ko yakiriwe, ibyo kandi ntibyabazwa uregwa kuko atari we ugomba gushyiraho iyo kashe. 3. Imyanzuro yagarajwe mu Rukiko ku munsi y’iburanisha ishingirwaho igasuzumwa, niba bigaragaye ko ari uburangare bw’umwunganizi mu mategeko w’uregwa utarayishize muri IECMS. Impamvu z’ubujurire zatanzwe n’abaregwa zigomba gusuzumwa, kimwe n’izo ababunganira batanze bitarenze ku wa 18/11/2022; Amagarama y’urubanza arasubitswe. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, ingingo ya 181; Itegeko N 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 150. Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza RCOMAA 00071/2017/CS rwa Mbuto Aimable na BRD rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 26/10/2018; Urubanza

I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare, Ubushinjacyaha bwa Gisirikare burega Maj (Rtd) Mudathiru Habib alias Mussa, SVC No 108571 Cpl Kayiranga Viateur, SVC No 107817 Cpl Dusabimana Jean Bosco, SVC No108652 Pte Muhire Dieudonné, SVC No 112894 Pte Igitego Champagnat, Pte Ruhinda Jean Bosco, Civ Nsanzimana Patrick, Civ Katwere Joseph, Civ Habyarimana Jean Bosco, Civ Ngendakumana Védaste, Civ Minani Yohana,Civ Rugamba Hagenimana Viateur, Civ Mfitumukiza Assiel, Civ Kwizerimana Patrick, Civ Bihoyiki Diogène, Civ Haguma Claude, Civ Lubwama Suleiman, Civ Mbarushimana Ildephonse, Civ Nsabimana JeanMarie, Civ Nsengiyumva Janvier, Civ Ndikurugendo Issa, Civ Habanabakize Innocent, Civ Rusigariye Ildephonse, Civ Ndikumana Issa, Civ Ngiruwera Schadrack, Civ Ndirahira Jean de Dieu, Civ Deziderio Fred, Civ Gashumba André, Civ Habarurema Jackson, Civ Ndibanje Lambert, Civ Nzafashwanimana Richard na Civ Muhire Pacifique, ibyaha birimo kuremaumutwe w’ingabo utemewe cyangwa kuwujyamo, gucura

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umugambi wo kugirira nabi ubutegetsi buriho cyangwa cyo kubuhirika hakoreshejwe ibitero by’intambaracyangwa izindi mbaraga zose, kugirana umubano na Leta y’amahanga bigiriwe gushoza intambara, gushyiraho umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi cyangwa kuwujyamo,gucura umugambi wo gukora iterabwoba, by’ umwihariko, bukanarega Pte Ruhinda Jean Bosco na Pte Muhire icyaha cyo gutoroka igisirikare, naho Pte Igitego Champagnat bukamurega icyaha cy’ingengabitekerezo ya jenoside. [2] Mu rubanza RP 00001/2019/HCM rwaciwe ku wa 25/03/2021, Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare, rwemeje ko Maj Rtd Mudathiru Habibu alias Mussa ahamwa n’ibyahabitanu (5): icyo kujya mu mutwe w’ingabo zitemewe; icy’ubwinjiracyaha mu cyaha cyo kugirira nabi ubutegetsi buriho, icyo kurema umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi, icyo kugirana umubano na Leta y’amahanga bigiriwe gushoza intambara, n’icyaha cyo gukora no kugira uruhare mu bikorwa by’iterabwoba, ko kandi yabikoze mu buryo bw’impurirane y’imbonezamugambi. [3] Rwemeje kandi ko Pte Ruhinda Jean Bosco, Nsanzimana Patrick, Katwere Joseph, Habyarimana Jean Bosco, Ngendakumana Védaste, Minani Yohana, Rugamba Hagenimana Viateur, Mfitumukiza Assiel, Haguma Claude, Lubwama Suleiman, Kwizerimana Patrick, Bihoyiki Diogène, Mbarushimana Ildephonse, Nsabimana Jean Marie, Ndikurugendo Issa, Nsengiyumva Janvier, Ndikumana Issa, Habanabakize Innocent, Ngiruwera Schadrack, Rusigariye Ildephonse, Ndirahira Jean de Dieu, Deziderio Fred, Gashumba Andrew, Habarurema Jackson, Ndibanje Lambert buri wese ahamwa n’ibyaha bikurikira: icyo kujya mu mutwe w’ingabo zitemewe, icy’ubwinjiracyaha mu cyaha cyo kugirira nabi ubutegetsi buriho, icyo kurema umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi, n’icyo gukora no kugira uruhare mu bikorwa by’iterabwoba, ko kandi babikoze mu buryo bw’impurirane y’imbonezamugambi, ariko ko badahamwa n’icyaha cyo kugirana umubano na Leta y’amahanga bigiriwe gushoza intambara. [4] Rwemeje ko Pte Ruhinda Jean Bosco adahamwa n’icyaha cyo gutoroka igisirikare, rwemeza kandi ko Pte Muhire Dieudonné ahamwa n’ibyaha byo kurema umutwe w’ingabo utemewe cyangwa kuwujyamo, ubugambanyi ku cyaha cyo kugirira nabi ubutegetsi buriho cyangwa Perezida wa Repubulika, kugira uruhare mu bikorwa by’ishyirahamwe rikora iterabwoba, kurema umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi n’icyaha cyo gutoroka igisirikare akambuka imbibi z’igihugu, ibyo byaha byose bikaba bigize impurirane mbonezamugambi, ariko ko adahamwa n’icyaha cyo kugirana umubano na Leta y’amahanga bigiriwe gushoza intambara. [5] Rwemeje ko Muhire Pacifique ahamwa n’ibyaha byo kurema umutwe w’ingabo utemewe cyangwa kuwujyamo, ubugambanyi ku cyaha cyo kugirira nabi ubutegetsi buriho cyangwa Perezida wa Repubulika, kugira uruhare mu bikorwa by’ishyirahamwe rikora iterabwoba no kurema umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi, ko kandi yabikoze mu buryo bw’impurirane mbonezamugambi, ariko ko adahamwa n’icyaha cyo kugirana umubano na Leta yamahanga bigiriwe gushoza intambara. [6] Rwemeje na none ko Cpl Kayiranga Viateur adahamwa n’ibyaha byose aregwa akaba atagomba kubihanirwa. [7] Rwemeje ko Cpl Dusabimana Jean Bosco ahamwa n’icyaha cyo kutamenyekanisha icyaha cy’ubugome hamwe n’icyaha cyo gucura umugambi wo gutoroka igisirikare akambuka imipaka y’igihugu, ibyo byaha bikaba bigize impurirane mbonezamugambi, ko kandi Pte Igitego

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Chamagnat ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gucura umugambi wo gutoroka igisirikare akarenga imipaka y’igihugu, naho Civ Nzafashwanimana Richard agahamwa n’icyaha cyo kuba icyitso mu cyaha cyo gutoroka igisirikare akambuka imipaka y’igihugu, ariko ko Cpl Dusabimana Jean Bosco, Pte Igitego Champagnat na Nzafashwanimana Richard badahamwa n’icyaha cyo kurema umutwe w’ingabo utemewe cyangwa kuwujyamo, ubugambanyi ku cyaha cyo kugirira nabi ubutegetsi buriho cyangwa Perezida wa Repubulika, kurema umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi n’icyo kugira uruhare mu bikorwa by’ishyirahamwe rikora iterabwoba. [8] Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rwahanishije Maj Rtd Mudathiru Habib na Pte Ruhinda Jean Bosco igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25), ko Pte Muhire Dieudonné ahanishijwe igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25) n’igihano cy’umugereka cyo kunyagwa amapeti ya gisirikare, ko Lubwama Suleiman na Nsanzimana Patrick, buri wese ahanishijwe igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20), ko Habyarimana Jean Bosco, Ngendakumana Védaste, Minani Yohana, Rugamba Hagenimana Viateur, Mfitumukiza Assiel, Haguma Claude, Kwizerimana Patrick, Bihoyiki Diogène, Mbarushimana Ildephonse, Nsabimana Jean Marie, Ndikurugendo Issa, Ndikumana Issa, Habanabakize Innocent, Ngiruwera Schadrack, Rusigariye Ildephonse, Gashumba Andrew, Habarurema Jackson na Ndibanje Lambert igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu(15) kuri buri wese. [9] Urwo Rukiko rwahanishije kandi Katwere Joseph, Nsengiyumva Janvier, Deziderio Fred na Ndirahira Jean de Dieu igifungo cy’imyaka umunani (8) kuri buri wese, ruhanisha Muhire Pacifique igifungo cy’imyaka itanu (5), ruhanisha Nzafashwanimana Richard igifungo cy’imyaka ine (4), ruhanisha Pte Igitego Champagnat igifungo cy’imyaka ibiri n’amezi atandatu (2 ans et 6 mois) n’igihano cy’ingereka cyo kunyagwa amapeti ya gisirikare, ruhanisha Cpl Dusabimana Jean Bosco igifungo cy’umwaka umwe n’amezi atandatu (1an et 6 mois), rutegeka ko Cpl Kayiranga Viateur ahita afungurwa urubanza rukimara gusomwa. [10] Mu barezwe uko ari 32, 26 bavuzwe haruguru nibo bajuriye mu Rukiko rw’ubujurire, bikaba bigaragara ko usibye ubujurire bwa Maj (Rtd) Mudathiru Habib alias Mussa bwageze mu buyobozi bwa Gereza afungiyemo ku wa 30/03/2021, ubujurire bw’abandi bwageze mu buyobozi bw’iyo Gereza ku wa 29/03/2021, bivuze ko ubujurire bwose bwakozwe mu gihe cy’ukwezi giteganywa n’Itegeko1, bikaba kandi bigaragara ko abajuriye bagiye batanga impamvu z’ubujurire mu bihe bitandukanye nk’uko IECMS ibigaragaza. [11] Ubushinjacyaha bwa Gisirikare bwatanze inzitizi yo kutakira ubujurire bwakozwe n’abaregwa uko ari 26, kuko butubahirije amategeko, bitewe n’uko batagaragaje mu gihe cy’ubujurire inenge ziri mu rubanza bajuririye. [12] Mu gusubiza kuri iyo nzitizi, Maj (Rtd) Mudathiru Habib alias Mussa na bagenzi bavuga ko nta shingiro ifite ikwiye guhabwa, kuko ubwanditsi bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire bwafashe icyemezo cyo kwakira ikirego kandi ko Ubushinjacyaha bwa Gisirikare butakijuririye. Bavuga

1 Ingingo ya 181 y’itegeko no Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha ivuga ko “Kujurira bikorwa mu gihe kitarenga iminsi mirongo itatu (30) uhereye ku itariki urubanza rwaciriweho ku muburanyi wari uhari cyangwa ahagarariwe igihe urubanza rwacibwaga. Icyo gihe gikurikizwa kandi ku muburanyi wamenyeshejwe mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko, umunsi urubanza ruzacibwaho ntaze cyangwa ngo yohereze umuhagararira.”

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kandi ko batari kunenga ibyo batazi kuko kopi y’urubanza yabonetse hashize umwaka n’amezi arindwi urubanza rusomwe, ko aho bayiboneye ari bwo bagaragaje inenge zirimo. [13] Iburanisha kuri iyo nzitizi ryabaye ku wa 07/06/2023 abajuriye bose bahari kandi bunganiwe, Rtd Maj Mudathiru Habib alias Mussa yunganiwe na Me Umulisa Paola, Bihoyiki Diogène yunganiwe na Me Nshuti Salim, Ndikumana Védaste, Minani Yohana na Rugamba Hagenimana Viateur bunganiwe na Me Nagasenge Mutamuliza Immaculée, Gashumba André, Ndibanje Lambert na Habarurema Jackson bunganiwe na Me Musabyimana Aphrodis, Habanabakize Innocent, Ngiruwera Schadrack na Ndikumana Issa bunganiwe na Me Uwera Solange, Pte Muhire Dieudonné na Rusigariye Ildephonse bunganiwe na Me SebusandI Moses, Lubwama Suleiman, Mfitumukiza Assiel, Haguma Claude bunganiwe na Me Gasengayire Alice, Mbarushimana Ildephonse yunganiwe na Me Uwiragiye Ibtisam Jeanine, Nsabimana Jean Marie, Ndikurugendo Issa na Nsengiyumva Janvier bunganiwe na Me Mujawamariya Dative, Nsanzimana Patrick, Katwere Joseph na Habyarimana Jean Bosco bunganiwe na Me Habimana Emmanuel, Deziderio Fred na Ndirahira Jean de Dieu bunganiwe na Me Rwagasore Jean Claude, KwizerA Patrick yunganiwe na Me Rusengo BigirimanaTharcisse II. IKIBAZO KIRI MU RUBANZA N’ISESENGURWA RYACYO Kumenya niba ubujurire bwa Maj (Rtd) Mudathiru Habib alias Mussa na bagenzi be butagomba gusuzumwa [14] Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko ubujurire bw’abaregwa uko ari 26 butagomba kwakirwa kuko butubahirije amategeko. Busobanura ko Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisilikari rwasomye urubanza ku wa 25 Werurwe 2021 bose bahari, Maj (Rtd) Mudathiru Habib alias Mussa atanga ubujurire ku wa 30/03/2021 naho bagenzi be babutanga ku wa 29/3/2021 ariko batagaragaza inenge ziri mu rubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare, nta n’ingingo n’imwe y’ubujurire uretse kuvuga ko inenge bazazigararagariza Urukiko bamaze kubona kopi y’urubanza kandi urubanza rwarasomwe bahibereye. [15] Ubushinjacyaha busaba ko ubwo bujurire butakwakirwa hashingiwe ku kuba batarubahirije ibiteganywa n’ingingo za 182 na 183 z’itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, ko icyo bita umwanzuro w’inyongera buri wese yagejeje mu rukiko nyuma y’umwaka urenga, udasobanura impamvu z’ubujurire zatanzwe mbere kuko ntazigeze zitangwa ku gihe, bityo ko nk’uko Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwabitanzeho umurongo mu cyegeranyo cyarwo cyo muri Nzeli 2022, rugaragaza ko Impamvu z’ubujurire zaje nyuma y’igihe giteganyijwe cy’ubujurire zitakirwa, keretse gusa umwanzuro uza usobanura impamvu z’ubujurire zatanzwe ku gihe giteganyijwe n’amategeko. [16] Me Umulisa Paola wunganira Rtd Major Mudathiru Habibu avuga ko inzitizi yatanzwe n’Ubushinjacyaha bwa Gisirikare idakwiye kwakirwa, kuko ubwanditsi bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire bwafashe icyemezo cyo kwakira ubujurire kandi ko Ubushinjacyaha butakijuririye. Avuga kandi ko bemeranywa ko ubwo uwo yunganira yajuriraga ku wa 30/3/2021 nta nenge yagaragaje anenga urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare kuko nta kopi y’urubanza yari ihari, ikaba yarabonetse hashize umwaka n’amezi arindwi, akora umwanzuro w’inyongera ku wa 7/11/2022 amaze kubona ibikubiye muri Kopi y’urubanza.

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[17] Me Nshuti Salim wunganira Bihoyiki Diogène avuga ko urubanza rujuririrwa rwasomwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare ku wa 25/03/2021, uwo yunganira atanga ubujurire bwe ku wa 29/03/2021, akaba nta nenge yagaragaje kuko nta Kopi y’urubanza yari afite, akaba yarayibonye ku wa 18/10/2022 hashize umwaka n’amezi arindwi urubanza rusomwe, ko aho ibonekeye aribwo yatanze urutonde rw’inenge z’urubanza zisabirwa gukosorwa n’ibindi bibazo bigomba gusuzumwa. Yongeraho ko umurongo Ubushinjacyaha buvuga udakwiye kugenderwaho kuko urubanza RCOMAA 00071/2017/CS uwo murongo washingiyeho, nta kibazo kijyanye n’uko kopi y’urubanza yabonetse nyuma y’ibihe by’ubujurire cyari kirimo. [18] Me Nagasenge Mutamuliza Immaculée wunganira Ndikumana Védaste, Minani Yohana na Rugamba Hagenimana Viateur, avuga ko urubanza rwasomwe ku wa 25/03/2021 ubujurire bugera mu rukiko ku wa 29/03/2021, ko n’ubwo urubanza rwasomwe abaregwa bahari, ntibahabwa Kopi, ikaba yarabonetse hashize umwaka n’amezi arindwi, avuga ko kuba nta kopi yari ihari batashoboraga kubona uburyo bagaragaza inenge z’urubanza. Akomeza avuga ko hari icyemezo cyafashwe n’ubwanditsi bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire cyakira ubujurire kandi ko icyemezo cy’Urukiko kijuririrwa, Ubushinjacyaha bukaba butarakijuririye, asaba ko iyi nzitizi itahabwa ishingiro [19] Me Musabyimana Aphrodis wunganira Gashumba André, Ndibanje Lambert na Habarurema Jackson avuga ko iyi nzitizi nta shingiro ikwiye guhabwa kuko abo yunganira basomewe icyemezo cy’Urukiko gusa, bajurira mu gihe giteganywa n’amategeko, Kopi y’urubanza iboneka ku wa 18/10/2022, kandi ko aho ibonekeye ku wa 9/11/2022 aribwo bagaragaje inenge kuko batari kunenga icyo batarabona. Avuga kandi ko umurongo Ubushinjacyaha bushingiraho, udahuye n’uru rubanza kuko wo ababuranyi bari barabonye Kopi y’urubanza. [20] Me Uwera Solange wunganira Habanabakize Innocent, Ngiruwera Schadrack na Ndikumana Issa, avuga ko abo yunganira ubujurire bwabo bwatanzwe mu gihe giteganywa n’amategeko ku wa 29/3/2021, Kopi y’urubanza ikaba yarashyizwe muri IECMS ku wa 18/10/2022, aho ibonekeye ku wa 14/11/2022 akaba aribwo bagaragaje inenge kandi iminsi mirongo itatu yari itarashira kuva ishyizwe muri IECMS. Asaba Urukiko kwakira ubujurire bw’abo yunganira. [21] Me Sebusandi Moses wunganira Pte Muhire Dieudonné na Rusigariye Ildephonse avuga ko igihe cyo kujurira cyubahirijwe kubera ko urubanza rwasomwe ku wa 25/03/2021, abo yunganira batanga ubujurire bwabo bwanditswe n’intoki ku wa 29/03/2021 bagaragaza inenge bashingiraho ubujurire bwabo n’ibisobanuro kuri buri nenge, mu ibaruwa yabo bavuga ko izindi nenge zizagaragazwa mu mwanzuro w’inyongera. Akomeza avuga ko Kopi yabonetse kuwa 18/10/2022 kandi ko aho ibonekeye bakoze imyanzuro y’inyongera irimo inenge ikaba yarashyizwe muri IECMS ku wa 20/11/2022. Asaba ko inzitizi yatanzwe n’Ubushinjacyaha bwa Gisirikare itahabwa ishingiro kuko butagaragaza ko Kopi y’urubanza yari ihari ngo inengwe. [22] Me Gasengayire Alice wunganira Lubwama Suleiman, Mfitumukiza Assiel, Haguma Claude avuga ko asanga inzitizi y’Ubushinjacyaha, idakwiye guhabwa ishingiro kuko abo yunganira ntaho bari kuvana inenge nta Kopi y’urubanza bafite, akomeza avuga ko batanze ubujurire bwabo mu gihe giteganywa n’amategeko kandi ko kopi yabonetse ku wa 18/10/2022, ku wa 10/11/2022 bahita bashyira muri IECMS inenge z’Urubanza rujuririrwa, akomeza avuga ko

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umurongo watanzwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire washingiye ku rubanza RCOMAA00071/2017/CS kandi muri uru rubanza nta kibazo cyo kuba kopi y’urubanza yarabonetse nyuma y’ibihe by’ubujurire cyari kirimo, bikaba bitafatwa kimwe. [23] Me Uwiragiye Ibtisam Jeanine wunganira Mbarushimana Ildephonse avuga ko uwo yunganira atari kugaragaza inenge nta rubanza afite. Akomeza avuga ko uwo Mbarushimana yajuriye mu gihe giteganywa n’amategeko ku wa 29/3/2021 kandi ko Kopi y’urubanza yabonetse ku wa 18/10/2022, agashyira muri IECMS imyanzuro y’igaragaza inenge ku wa 10/11/2022. Kandi ko umurongo watanzwe mu rubanza RCOMAA 0071/2017/CS, udakwiye kugenderwaho kuko muri urwo rubanza nta kibazo kijyanye no kuba kopi y’urubanza yarabonetse nyuma y’ibihe by’ubujurire kigeze kigaragaramo, abasaba ko inzitizi y’ubushinjacyaha itahabwa ishingiro. [24] Me Mujawamariya Dative wunganira Nsabimana Jean Marie, Ndikurugendo Issa na Nsengiyumva Janvier, avuga abo yunganira bajuriye mu gihe giteganywa n’amategeko, ko batari kugaragaza inenge nta Kopi bafite kuko yashyizwe muri IECMS ku wa 18/10/2022 kandi ko imaze kuboneka bihutiye kugaragaza icyo banenga Urubanza rujuririrwa, imyanzuro y’inyongera ishyirwa muri IECMS ku wa 08/11/2022, iminsi mirongo itatu (30) itarashira. Akomeza avuga ko imirongo yatanzwe n’Urukiko rw’ubujurire mu kwezi k’Ukwakira 2022 no mu Gushyingo 2022, ivuga ko impamvu z’Ubujurire zitanzwe mu myanzuro y’inyongera nyuma y’igihe cy’ubujurire zitagomba kwakirwa uretse igihe zuzuza cyangwa zisobanura izatanzwe mu bihe byemewe byo kujurira, idahura n’imiterere y’ururubanza kuko izo manza zashingiweho n’Ubushinjacyaha, mu gihe cyo kujurira kopi yari yarabonekeye igihe bitandukanye no muri uru rubanza. [25] Me Habimana Emmanuel wunganira Nsanzimana Patrick, Katwere Joseph na Habyarimana Jean Bosco avuga ko inzitizi yatanzwe n’Ubushinjacyaha idakwiye kwakirwa, asaba ko ingingo ya 183 y’itegeko N 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha itakurikizwa kuko Kopi y’urubanza ntayari ihari, aho ibonekeye bakaba barashyize muri IECMS umwanzuro w’inyongera ku wa 9/11/2022 ugaragaza inenge banenga urubanza rujuririrwa, akomeza avuga ko amabwiriza ya Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga agenga itangazwa ry’ibyemezo by’inkiko avuga ko Umucamanza atakurikiza umurongo usanzweho iyo asanze udasa n’urubanza, asaba ko umurongo ubushinjacyaha bwashingiyeho utakurikizwa kuko nta kibazo cyo kuba Kopi yarabonetse igihe cy’Ubujurire cyararangiye cyari kirimo. [26] Me Rwagasore Jean Claude wunganira Deziderio Fred na Ndirahira Jean de Dieu avuga ko icyemezo cy’urukiko cyasomwe ku wa 25/03/2021, batanga ubujurire ku wa 29/3/2021, ko ku wa 26/04/2021 ari bwo bashyikirije Urukiko rw’Ubujurire urutonde rw’inenge, kandi ko iminsi y’ubujurire yari itararangira kuko umunsi wa nyuma wo kujurira ( 24/04/2021) wari impera z’icyumweru (weekend), ko rero ku wa 26/4/2022 ari wo munsi wa nyuma kuko ariwo wa mbere w’akazi ukurikira impera z’icyumweru. Avuga kandi ko Ubwanditsi bw’Urukiko bwafashe icyemezo cyo kwakira ubujurire Ubushinjacyaha ntibwakijuririra. Asaba Urukiko kutakira inzitizi y’Ubushinjacyaha kubera ko ubujurire bwatanzwe ku gihe kandi n’inenge zirasobanurwa, akomeza avuga ko ku wa 16/2/2023 yashyize muri IECMS imyanzuro yo gusobanura neza inenge zagaragajwe, bityo ko yashingirwaho kuko nta gihe itegeko ryateganyije cyo kugaragaza inenge mu gihe kopi yatanzwe igihe cy’ubujurire cyararenze. [27] Me Rusengo BigirimanaTharcisse wunganira Kwizera Patrick avuga ko urubanza rwasomwe ku wa 25/03/2021 uwo yunganira atanga ubujurire bwe ku wa 29/03/2021 akaba

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yarajuriye ku gihe, ko kuba atarashoboye kugaragaza inenge z’urubanza byatewe n’uko yajuriye atarabona kopi y’urubanza kugirango asome isesengura ry’Urukiko bimufashe gukuramo inenge kandi ko yamenyesheje urukiko ko azagaragaza inenge z’urubanza amaze kubona kopi, ko atazira iyo mbogamizi mu gihe itegeko riteganya ko urubanza rugomba gusomwa rwanditse.2 UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [28] N’ubwo inzitizi Ubushinjacyaha bwatanze bwayise ko ari iyo kutakira ubujurire bw’abaregwa, imiburanire y’impande zombi yumvikanisha ko impaka zishingiye ku kumenya niba impamvu z’ubujurire bwabo zitagomba kwakirwa kuko batazigaragaje mu gihe cy’ubujurire giteganywa n’amategeko. [29] Ku bivugwa na bamwe mu bajuriye ko inzitizi y’Ubushinjacyaha itakwakirwa kuko hari icyemezo cy’ubwanditsi bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire cyemeje ko ubujurire bukwiye kwakirwa, byongeye kandi, nk’uko byagiye byemezwa mu zindi manza harimo urubanza RPAA0058/2018/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 18/10/2019, icyemezo cy’umwanditsi w’Urukiko ntikivanaho inshingano y’inteko iburanisha gusuzuma ibibazo byose birebana n’urubanza igomba gusuzuma, byaba ari ibirebana n’iyakirwa ry’urwo rubanza cyangwa ububasha bw’Urukiko, kabone n’ubwo ubwanditsi bw’Urukiko bwaba hari ibyo bwashingiyeho bwemeza ko ubujurire bwandikwa mu bitabo by’Urukiko. [30] Urukiko rurasanga rero hagomba gusuzumwa niba koko impamvu z’ubujurire z’abaregwa muri uru rubanza zitagomba kwakirwa ngo zisuzumwe kuko zatanzwe nyuma y’ibihe by’ubujurire biteganywa n’amategeko. [31] Ikibazo cy’igihe impamvu z’ubujurire cyangwa igihe inenge ziri mu rubanza rujuririrwa bigomba gutangwa, cyatanzweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza RCOMAA 00071/2017/SC rwaciwe ku wa 26/10/20184, aho urwo Rukiko rwemeje ko mu bigomba kuba biri mu nyandiko y’ubujurire harimo impamvu z’ubujurire, ko impamvu z’ubujurire zatanzwe nyuma y’ibihe by’ubujurire zitagomba kakirwa. [32] Naho ikibazo cy’umuburanyi watanze ubujurire mu gihe giteganywa n’Itegeko, akabuzwa kugaragaza inenge ziri mu rubanza yajuririye n’uko yari atarabona kopi yarwo, cyasesenguwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu rubanza RCOMM 00019/2020/CA rwaciwe ku wa 11/12/2020, Uburiyemuye Jean Damascène aburana na Nshimiyinana Anaclet na Uwase Sauda, urwo Rukiko narwo rusanga impamvu z’ubujurire zatanzwe nyuma y’ibihe by’ubujurire biteganywa n’Itegeko zitagomba gusuzumwa. Rwasanze kandi kuba nyuma y’aho kopi y’urubanza ibonekeye uwajuriye ataragaragaje impamvu z’ubujurire kandi yari yavuze ko azazigaragaza amaze kubona iyo kopi ariko akazigaragaza nyuma y’amezi ane, izo mpamvu zitagomba gusuzumwa kuko atubahirije ibiteganywa n’Itegeko, icyo cyemezo kandi rukaba rwaragishingiye ku rubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwavuzwe mu gika kibanziriza iki.

2 Ingingo ya 138 y’itegeko N 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/9/2019 iteganya ko Urubanza rwose rugomba gusomwa rwanditse mu gihe kitarenze iminsi mirongo itatu (30) uhereye igihe iburanisha ryasorejwe 3 Haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Dushimiyimana Frodouard

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[33] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga, n’ubwo imanza zombi zavuzwe haruguru zasesenguye ibiteganywa n’Itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, nta cyabuza ko zikurikizwa muri uru rubanza, kuko ibigomba kuba mu mwanzuro w’ubujurire bivuga mu ngingo ya 150 y’Itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi3 ari bimwe n’ibivugwa mu ngingo ya 183 y’Itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha. [34] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga, imanza zombi zavuzwe haruguru zumvikanisha ko impamvu z’ubujurire cyangwa inenge ziri mu rubanza rujuririrwa zigomba gutangwa mu bihe by’ubujurire biteganyijwe n’Itegeko mu gihe kopi y’urubanza rujuririrwa yari ihari igihe ubujurire bwakorwaga, cyangwa zigatangwa nyuma yo kubona kopi y’urubanza itari ihari igihe umuburanyi yatanganga ubujurire. [35] Ku birebana n’umuburanyi wajuriye ariko kopi y’urubanza ajuririra itaraboneka, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga, n’ubwo mu rubanza RCOMM 00019/2020/CA rwavuzwe haruguru, Urukiko rutavuze igihe uwo muburanyi agomba gutangiramo impamvu z’ubujurire cyangwa kugaragaza inenge zirurimo, byumvikana ko niba impamvu z’ubujurire zigomba gutangwa mu bihe by’ubujurire biteganywa n’Itegeko nk’uko Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwabitanzeho umurongo, ibyo bihe ari nabyo bigomba kubahirizwa ku muburanyi wajuriye atarabona kopi y’urubanza, ariko bikabarwa kuva abonye iyo kopi kuko ari bwo aba ashobora kumenya icyo anenga urubanza yajuririye. Ni ukuvuga ko kuva amaze kubona kopi y’urubanza aba afite igihe cy’iminsi mirongo itatu (30) kugira ngo ageze ku Rukiko inenge z’urubanza ajuririra. [36] Ku birebana n’uru rubanza, dosiye igaragaza ko urubanza rujuririrwa rwasomwe ku wa 25/03/2021 abaregwa bose bahari, kopi yarwo ishyirwa muri IECMS ku wa 18/10/2022. Dosiye igaragaza kandi ko ku wa 30/03/2021 ari bwo Maj (Rtd) Mudathiru Habib alias Mussa yanditse ibaruwa y’ubujurire yageze mu buyobozi bwa Gereza afungiyemo uwo munsi, abandi bajurire bandika amabaruwa y’ubujurire ku wa 28/03/2021 agera mu buyobozi bw’iyo Gereza ku wa 29/03/2021. [37] Hashingiwe ku byo dosiye igaragaza, Urukiko rurasanga ubwo abaregwa bajuriraga, kopi y’urubanza bajuririye yari itaraboneka kuko itari muri IECMS, bakaba rero batarashoboraga kumenya icyo banenga urubanza bajuririye, ahubwo hashingiwe ku byasobanuwe haruguru ku birebana n’igihe uwajuriye atarabona kopi y’urubanza agomba kugaragazamo icyo arunenga, bakaba baragombaga kubigaragaza nibura mu minsi 30 nyuma y’uko kopi y’urubanza ishyizwe muri IECMS, ni ukuvuga guhera ku wa 19/10/2022 kugeza ku wa 18/11/2022, hakaba rero hagomba kurebwa niba abajuriye muri uru rubanza barubahirije icyo gihe.

4 Urubanza RCOMAA 00071/2017/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 26/10/2018 haburana Mbuto Aimable na BRD (igika cya 22) 5 Ingingo ya 150 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi Ubujurire bukorwa mu buryo bw’umwanzuro utanga ikirego, ugaragaza ibi bikurikira: 1° umwirondoro wuzuye w’ujurira n’uw’uregwa mu bujurire; 2° urubanza rujuririwe n’urukiko rwaruciye; 3° urukiko rwajuririwe; 4° imiterere y’ikibazo mu ncamake; 5° urutonde rw’inenge z’urubanza zisabirwa gukosorwa n’ibindi bibazo bigomba gusuzumwa; 6° ibisobanuro kuri buri nenge cyangwa kuri buri kibazo bigaragaza amakosa yakozwe n’uburyo agomba gukosorwa hashingiwe ku mategeko n’ibimenyetso n’igisabwa urukiko; 7° ibisobanuro ku birego by’inyongera mu gihe ibyo birego bihari. Ibyo iyi ngingo iteganya ni bimwe n’ibyo ingingo ya 183 y’Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha.

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[38] Ku birebana n’igihe imyanzuro igaragaza inenge ziri mu rubanza yatangiwe, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga harimo ikibazo, kuko abajuriye bavuga ko hari imyanzuro yakozwe mbere y’uko kopi y’urubanza iboneka ariko imwe muri yo ikaba itarashyizwe muri dosiye (IECMS), ahubwo Ubuyobozi bwa gereza bafungiyemo bukayizana mu bwanditsi bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire nabwo bukaza kuyiha Me Umulisa Paola ngo azayigeze kuri bagenzi be bunganira abaregwa nk’uko yabisobanuye igihe cy’iburanisha, Urukiko narwo rubajije mu bwanditsi niba ari ko byagenze rusobanurirwa ko ari byo, ko byatewe n’uko inyandiko zose zigomba gushyirwa muri dosiye (IECMS) aho kuzizana mu ntoki. [39] Bigaragara kandi ko hari imwe muri iyo myanzuro yagiye ishyirwa muri dosiye (IECMS) bikozwe na bamwe mu bunganira abaregwa n’umwe washyizwemo n’ubuyobozi bwa gereza abaregwa bafungiyemo, ikaba yarashyizwemo mu bihe bitandukanye, hakaba n’indi itarashyizwe muri dosiye ababuranyi bagaragarije Urukiko igihe cy’iburanisha. [40] Urukiko rurasanga, kuba abajuriye barakoze inshingano zabo bagaragaza ibyo banenga urubanza rujuririrwa, ariko bikagaragara ko hari imwe mu mwanzuro yashyizwe muri dosiye mu gihe cy’iminsi 30 nyuma y’uko kopi y’urubanza ibonetse, indi igashyirwamo nyuma y’icyo gihe ndetse hakaba n’itarashyizwemo, nta cyabuza ko ishingirwaho, kuko niba ubwanditsi bw’Uru Rukiko buvuga ko iyo myanzuro yahageze izanwe n’ubuyobozi bwa gereza abaregwa bafungiyemo, bivuze ko aba bari bayigejeje aho igomba kugera n’ubwo bwose nta kashe yashyizweho igaragaza ko yakiriwe, ibyo kandi bikaba bitabazwa abaregwa kuko atari bo bagombaga gushyiraho iyo kashe, cyane ko n’umwanzuro wa Ngendakumana Vedaste ubuyobozi bwa gereza byishyiriye muri IECMS nta kashe igaragaraho. [41] Urukiko rurasanga rero imyanzuro yose yanditswe n’abaregwa (n’intoki) igashyirwa muri IECMS, igomba gushingirwaho muri ubu bujurire hatitawe ku gihe yashyiriwemo, ikaba ari iya Nsengiyumva Janvier, Ndikurugendo Issa, Nsanzimana Patrick, Katwere Joseph, Habyarimana Jean Bosco, Ndikumana Issa, Habanabakize Innocent, Ngiruwera Schadrack, Mbarushimanai ldephonse, Ngendakumana Vedaste, Nsabimana Jean Marie, Habarurema Jackson, Ndibanje Lambert na Gashumba André. [42] Urukiko rurasanga kandi n’imyanzuro bamwe mu baregwa bagaragarije Urukiko igihe cy’iburanisha ikwiye gushingirwaho, kuko kuba ababunganira bitarayishyize muri IECMS nk’uko bagenzi babo babigenje, bitaryozwa abaregwa, iyo myanzuro ikaba ari iya Haguma Claude, Mfitumukiza Asiel, Bihoyiki Diogène, Lubwama Suleiman, hakaba n’indi yashyikirijwe ubwanditsi bw’uru Rukiko nyuma y’iburanisha ya Pte Muhire Dieudonné, Rusigariye Ildephonse, Kwizerimana Patrick, Minani Yohani, Rugamba Hagenimana Viateur, Deziderio Fred na Ndirahira Jean de Dieu, bikaba kandi byaragarageye ko hari iyatanzwe igihe cy’iburanisha ariko yari isanzwe muri dosiye. [43] Urukiko rurasanga rero, impamvu z’ubujurire zatanzwe n’abaregwa mu myanzuro biyandikye zigomba gusuzumwa, kimwe n’iziri mu myanzuro y’inyongera y’ababunganira yatanzwe bitarenze ku wa 18/11/2022. [44] Urukiko rurasanga ariko impamvu z’ubujurire ziri mu mwanzuro watanzwe ku wa 20/11/2022 na Me Sebusandi Moses mu mwanya wa Pte Muhire Dieudonné na Rusigariye Ildephonse, n’iziri mu mwanzuro watanzwe ku wa 16/02/2023 na Me Rwagasore Jean Claude mu

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mwanya wa Deziderio Fred na Ndirahira Jean de Dieu, zitasuzumwa kuko zatanzwe nyuma y’itariki ya 18/11/2022, keretse ibisobanuro bikubiye muri iyo myanzuro biri mu murongo w’impamvu zatanzwe n’abo bunganira. [45] Naho ku birebana na Maj (Rtd) Mudathiru Habib alias Mussa, Urukiko rurasanga hagomba gushingirwa ku mwanzuro watanzwe n’umwunganizi we ku wa 07/11/2022, kuko hatagaragajwe uwo yiyandikiye. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [46] Rwemeje ko impamvu z’ubujurire zatanzwe n’abaregwa zigomba gusuzumwa, kimwe n’izo ababunganira batanze bitarenze ku wa 18/11/2022; [47] Rwemeje ko iburanisha ry’urubanza rikomeza ku wa 09/06/2023; [48] Ruvuze ko amagarama y’urubanza asubitswe.