UBUSHINJACYAHA v. IRAKOZE

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v. IRAKOZE

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2023-10-03 - Case/document no.: RPA 00150/2022/MHC - Collection: Military High Court

## Text

## Page 1

UBUSHINJACYAHA v. IRAKOZE [Rwanda URUKIKO RUKURU RWA GISIRIKARE – RPA 00150/2022/MHC (Lt Col RUGAMBA, P.J., Lt Col SUMANYI na Lt Col KARIBU) 03 Ukwakira 2023] Amategeko agenga imanza nshinjabyaha – Igabanyagihano – Iyo abaregwa nta kindi banenga urubanza rwajuririwe, uretse kuvuga gusa ko batagabanyirijwe igihano bihagije, buri mucamanza ku rwego urwo arirwo rwose, yemerewe gutanga igihano mu bushishozi bwe kijyanye n’uburemere bw’icyaha ndetse n’ingaruka zacyo, ariko ko mu bujurire, Umucamanza agomba kuzirikana ko yemerewe gusa guhindura igihano cyatanzwe n’Umucamanza wo mu Rukiko rubanza, ari uko amaze kugaragaza ko Urukiko rubanza rwaba rwarakoresheje nabi itegeko cyangwa ubushishozi bwarwo mu gutanga icyo gihano. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko rwa Gisirikare Ubushinjacyaha bwa Gisirikare bukurikiranye uregwa ku cyaha cyo kwiba nyuma yuko uregwa ari mu kigo cya gisirikare cya Gabiro yibye telephone z’abandi basirikare nyuma aza gufatwa azisubiza ba nyirazo. Uregwa yaburanye yemera icyaha aregwa cyo kwiba, avuga ko yibye izo telephone kubera ko nawe bari bamwibye iye yari yashyize ku muriro, avuga ko yicuza icyaha yakoze, agasaba kugabanyirizwa ibihano no kubisubikirwa. Urwo Rukiko rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko uregwa ahamwa n’icyaha rumuhanisha igihano cy’igifungo cy’umwaka umwe (1). Uregwa yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare avuga ko nubwo Urukiko rubanza rwamugabanyirije igihano ko asaba kongera kugabanyirizwa no gusubikirwa ibyo bihano kubera ko ari bwari ubwa mbere akoze icyaha kandi akaba acyemera akanacyicuza mu buryo budashidikanywaho. Ubushinjacyaha bwa Gisirikare bwo bwaburanye buvuga ko ko ntaho Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rwahera rwongera kumugabanyiriza igihano yahanishijwe ku rwego rwa mbere kubera ko yagabanyirijwe ku buryo buhagije kandi impamvu avuga mu bujurire zikaba ari nazo zashingiweho agabanyirizwa ku rwego rwa mbere, ibijyanye no gusubikirwa avuga ko adakwiriye gusubikirwa kubera ko nta kimenyetso na kimwe cy’ibyo avuga agaragariza Urukiko. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Iyo abaregwa nta kindi banenga urubanza rwajuririwe, uretse kuvuga gusa ko batagabanyirijwe igihano bihagije, buri mucamanza ku rwego urwo arirwo rwose, yemerewe gutanga igihano mu bushishozi bwe kijyanye n’uburemere bw’icyaha ndetse n’ingaruka zacyo, ariko ko mu bujurire, Umucamanza agomba kuzirikana ko yemerewe gusa guhindura igihano cyatanzwe n’Umucamanza wo mu Rukiko rubanza, ari uko amaze kugaragaza ko Urukiko rubanza rwaba rwarakoresheje nabi itegeko cyangwa ubushishozi bwarwo mu gutanga icyo gihano. Bityo kuba Urubanza rwaciwe ku rwego rwa mbere rutaragaragaje impamvu nyoroshyacyaha rwashingiyeho rugabanya igihano, Urukiko rwajuririwe rusanga uregwa ataragabanyirijwe igihano mu buryo buhagije akaba yakongera kugabanyirizwa. Ubujurire bufite ishingiro. Amategeko yashingiweho:

## Page 2

Itegeko N° 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, Ingingo ya 110 Imanza zifashishijwe: RPA 00060/2021/CA, Ubushinjacyaha vs. Nsabimana alias Sankara rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 04/04/2022. RPAA 00058/2022/CA, Ubushinjacyaha vs. Harerimana rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 24/04/2023. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Taliki ya 13/01/2023, Pte Irakoze Ashel ari mu kigo cya gisirikare cya Gabiro yibye telephone yo mu bwoko bwa Infinix ya Pte Mugenzi J Paul, amaze kuyiba yahise ayikuramo sim card na antiblock yayo agamije kuyiyoberanya ngo nyirayo atayimenya, yaje gufatwa ayisubiza nyirayo. Kuri uwo muns yibye kandi telephone yo mu bwoko bwa Infinix ya Pte Hatangimana wa 17 Inf Bn nayo yaketswe ko ari we wayibye, abajijwe arabyemera ayisubiza nyirayo. [2] Iperereza rirangiye, Ubushinjacyaha bwa Gisirikare bwareze Pte Irakoze Ashel mu Rukiko rwa Gisirikare bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo kwiba busaba ko ahamwa n’icyo cyaha, agahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka ine (4) n’ihazabu yamafaranga y’uRwanda angana na miliyoni enye (4,000,000Frw) nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo za 165,166,167 z’itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu. [3] Pte Irakoze Ashel yaburanye yemera icyaha aregwa cyo kwiba, avuga ko yibye izo telephone kubera ko nawe bari bamwibye iye yari yashyize ku muriro, avuga ko yicuza icyaha yakoze, agasaba kugabanyirizwa ibihano no kubisubikirwa. [4] Mu rubanza RP 00113/2023/MT rwaciwe ku wa 09/06/2023, Urukiko rwa Gisirikare rushingiye ku kuba Pte Irakoze Ashel yemera ubwe ko yibye telephone ebyiri (2) za bagenzi be, hakaba n’abatangabuhamya batandukanye bamushinja ko icyaha akurikiranyweho yagikoze, Urukiko rwa gisirikare rwamuhamije icyaha cyo kwiba rumuhanisha igifungo cy’umwaka umwe (1). [5] Pte Irakoze Ashel yajuririye uru Rukiko urubanza rwe ruhabwa no RPA 00150/2023/MHC, iburanisha ribera mu ruhame kuwa 26/09/2023, Pte Irakoze Ashel yiburanira naho Ubushinjacyaha bwa Gisirikare buhagarariwe na Capt Christine Mukamana. [6] Mu myanzuro y’ubujurire no mu miburanire ye, Pte Irakoze Ashel avuga ko Urukiko rwa Gisirikare rwamugabanyirije igihano ariko ko yajuriye asaba ko Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rwakongera kumugabanyiriza no kumusubikira ibyo bihano kubera ko ari bwari ubwa mbere akoze icyaha kandi akaba acyemera akanacyicuza mu buryo budashidikanywaho. Uhagarariye

## Page 3

Ubushinjacyaha bwa Gisirikare avuga ko ntaho Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rwahera rwongera kumugabanyiriza igihano yahanishijwe ku rwego rwa mbere kubera ko yagabanyirijwe ku buryo buhagije kandi impamvu avuga mu bujurire zikaba ari nazo zashingiweho agabanyirizwa ku rwego rwa mbere, ibijyanye no gusubikirwa avuga ko adakwiriye gusubikirwa kubera ko nta kimenyetso na kimwe cy’ibyo avuga agaragariza Urukiko. [7] Muri uru rubanza, Urukiko Rukuru rwa gisirikare rurasuzuma niba Pte Irakoze Ashel akwiye kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano ku rwego rw’ubujurire. II. ISESENGURA RY’INGINGO IGIZE URUBANZA N’UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA Kumenya niba Pte Irakoze Ashel akwiye kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano ku rwego rw’ubujurire. [8] Pte Irakoze Ashel yajuriye asaba Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare kongera kumugabanyiriza igihano yahanishijwe ku rwego rwa mbere kubera ko ari ubwa mbere akoze icyaha kandi akaba yaraburanye acyemera akanacyicuza mu buryo budashidikanywaho. [9] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha bwa Gisirikare avuga ko Pte Irakoze Ashel yagabanyirijwe ibihano ku buryo buhagije ku rwego rwa mbere, ko asaba ibyo yamaze kubona, akomeza avuga ko nta mpamvu nshya yo kongera kugabanyirizwa ku rwego rw’ubujurire kubera ko impamvu ashingiraho ari yo yashingiweho agabanyirizwa ku rwego rwa mbere. [10] Muri dosiye y’uru rubanza Pte Irakoze Ashel mu ibazwa rye mu nzego zose z’iperereza yemeye icyaha cyo kwiba ndetse no mw’iburanisha ry’urubanza ku rwego rwa mbere yakomeje kwemera icyaha avuga ko yibye telephone za bagenzi be kubera ko nawe bari bamwibye iye. [11] Ingingo ya 110 y’itegeko N° 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo ivuga ko ukwiyemerera mu rubanza ari amagambo umuburanyi cyangwa umuhagarariye avugira mu rukiko agira ibyo yemera. Ayo magambo atsindisha uwayavuze. Kuba rero Pte Irakoze Ashel yemera ko yibye telephone ebyiri (2) za bagenzi be, kuba kandi hari abatangabuhamya bemeza ko icyo cyaha yagikoze koko, icyaha cyo kwiba kiramuhama kandi agomba kugihanirwa. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [12] Impaka muri uru rubanza zishingiye ku kumenya niba umuntu wagabanyirijwe igihano ashobora kujurira asaba gusa ko cyongera kugabanywa no kumenya niba hari imbogamizi zihari zatuma impamvu zashingiweho n’inkiko zabanje uregwa agabanyirizwa igihano zitakongera gushingirwaho yongera kugabanyirizwa mu rukiko rwajuririwe. [13] Ikibazo cyo kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano mu gihe ari yo mpamvu y’ubujurire yonyine cyatanzweho umurongo mu rubanza n° RPA 00060/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 04/04/2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha, Nsabimana Callixte alias Sankara na bagenzi be. Muri urwo rubanza Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwagaragaje ko mu rwego rw’ibirego nshinjabyaha iyo abaregwa nta kindi banenga urubanza rwajuririwe, uretse kuvuga gusa ko batagabanyirijwe bihagije, buri mucamanza ku rwego urwo arirwo rwose, yemerewe gutanga

## Page 4

igihano mu bushishozi bwe kijyanye n’uburemere bw’icyaha ndetse n’ingaruka zacyo hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 49 y’Itegeko n˚ 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ariko ko mu bujurire, Umucamanza agomba kuzirikana ko yemerewe gusa guhindura igihano cyatanzwe n’Umucamanza wo mu Rukiko rubanza, ari uko amaze kugaragaza ko Urukiko rubanza rwaba rwarakoresheje nabi itegeko cyangwa ubushishozi bwarwo mu gutanga icyo gihano. [14] Ikibazo cyo kumenya niba uwajuriye wagabanyirijwe ibihano mu nkiko zibanza yakongera kugabanyirizwa mu bujurire cyatanzweho umurongo na none mu rubanza Nº RPAA 00058/2022/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 24/04/2023, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Harerimana Thomas (igika cya 23). Muri urwo rubanza Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwagaragaje ko mu rwego rw’ibirego nshinjabyaha, nta cyabuza Urukiko rwajuririwe kongera kugabanya igihano mu gihe rusanga igihano cyatanzwe n’Urukiko rubanza kitaragabanyijwe mu buryo buhagije ubirebeye hamwe n’uburemere bw’icyaha cyakozwe. [15] Hakurikijwe ibi bisobanuro, uru Rukiko rurasuzuma mu bika bikurikiyeho, niba hari ukwibeshya kwabaye, cyangwa gukoresha nabi ubushishozi cyangwa itegeko mu kugenaibihano byahawe Pte Irakoze Ashel kugaragara mu rubanza rujuririrwa. Hongere hasuzumwe niba igihano cyatanzwe n’Urukiko rubanza kitaragabanyijwe mu buryo buhagije ubirebeye hamwe n’uburemere bw’icyaha cyakozwe [16] Muri uru rubanza, Urukiko rwajuririwe rurasanga Pte Irakoze Ashel ku rwego rwa mbere yaraburanye yemera icyaha kandi ikaba yari inshuro ye ya mbere akurikiranywe n’inkiko ndetse n’icyaha yakoze kikaba nta ngaruka zikomeye cyateje kubera ko abari bibwe bahise basubizwa telephone zabo. Urubanza rwaciwe ku rwego rwa mbere ntirwagaragaje impamvu nyoroshyacyaha rwashingiyeho rugabanya igihano, Urukiko rwajuririwe rusanga Pte Irakoze Ashel ataragabanyirijwe igihano mu buryo buhagije bityo akaba yakongera kugabanyirizwa agahanishwa igihano cy’igifungo cy’amezi icyenda (9) kugira ngo asobanukirwe uburemere bw’icyaha yakoze, ariko anahabwe amahirwe yo kwikosora no kuba yagira akamaro mu buzima busanzwe. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [17] Rwemeye kwakira ubujurire bwa Pte Irakoze Ashel kuko bwatanzwe mu gihe no mu buryo bikurikije amategeko, rubusuzumye rusanga bufite ishingiro. [18] Rwemeje ko urubanza RP 00113/2023/MT rwaciwe n’Urukiko rwa Gisirikare rugasomwa ku wa 09/06/2023 rwahanishije Pte Irakoze Ashel igihano cy’igifungo cy’umyaka umwe (1) ruhindutse ku bijyanye n’ibihano. [19] Ruhanishije Pte Irakoze Ashel igifungo cy’amezi icyenda (9). [20] Rutegetse ko amagarama y’urubanza aherera kw’isanduku ya Leta kubera ko Pte Irakoze Ashel yaburanye afunze.