UBUSHINJACYAHA v BAKUNDUKIZE

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v BAKUNDUKIZE

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-01-16 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00060/2023/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v BAKUNDUKIZE [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE - RPAA 00060/2023/CA (Kaliwabo, P.J.) 16 Mutarama 2025] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza nshinjabyaha – kubara igihe cyo kujurira – Gushyirwa mu kato kubera indwara y’icyorezo, ni impamvu ikomeye ituma mu kubara igihe cyo kujurira hashingirwa ku gihe utarabashije kujurira yaviriye muri ako kato. Incamake y’ikibazo: Bakundukize Niyonsaba alias Mudori yahamijwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rusizi icyaha cy’ubujura bukoresheje intwaro, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu y’amafaranga 5.000.000 Frw. Yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, arikoUbushinjacyaha busaba ko ubujurire bwe butakwakirwa kubera ko butubahirije ibihe by’ubujurire kuko urubanza ajuririra rwaciwe ku wa 15/05/2020 akajurira ku wa 16/06/2020 nyuma y’iminsi 30 iteganywa n’amategeko. Bakundukize yasabye ko iyo nzitizi itahabwa ishingiro kubera ko yakatiwe n’urukiko ari muri kasho ya polisi, ageze mu igororero ashyirwa mu kato k’ibyumweru bitatu kubera icyorezo cya Covid-19, bityo akaba asanga nta mpamvu yatuma ubujurire bwe butakirwa. Urukiko Rukuru, rwahaye inzitizi y’Ubushinjacyaha ishingiro, rwemeza ko ikirego cye kidashobora kwakirwa ngo gisusumwe kuko atashoboye kugaragaza impamvu ikomeye kandi idasanzwe yatumye atubahiriza ibihe by’ubujurire. Maze yongera kujuririra mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire avuga ko atahawe amahirwe mu Rukiko Rukuru, ngo yisobanure ku mpamvu z’ubujurire bwe, kandi urukiko rwari rufite gusuzuma niba impamvu atanga ifite ishingiro rubanje kubaza ubuyobozi bw’igororero niba koko yari yabanje gushyirwa mu kato kuri ariya matariki yagombaga gutangiramo ubujurire bwe, ko rero yavukijwe uburenganzira bwo kuburanishwa n’urukiko rubifitiye ububasha kugira ngo hatangwe ubutabera buboneye. Asaba ko yarenganurwa, urubanza rugasubizwa mu Rukiko Rukuru rukaburanishwa mu mizi. Incamake y’icyemezo: Ibaruwa y’Igororero rya Rusizi yemeje ko kuva kuwa 03-16/06/2020 BAKUNDUKIZE Niyonsaba alias Mudori yari mu kato kubera icyorezo cya covid-19, Urukiko rukaba rwarakoze ikosa ryo kwemeza ntacyo rushingiyeho, ko nta mpamvu yatumye atajurira mu gihe, nyamara impamvu yari ihari kandi umuburanyi akaba yari yayiburanishije ariko ntirubicukumbure ngo rurebe ukuri kwabyo. Bityo, kuba yarajuriye ku wa 16/06/2020 ajuririra urubanza yaciriwe ku wa 15/05/2020, yubahirije amategeko agenga ibihe by’ubujurire kuko impamvu ikomeye yamubujije kujurira ku gihe aribwo yarirangiye. Ubujurire bwe bukaba bwaragombaga kwakirwa bugasuzumwa. Ubujurire bufite ishingiro. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko n° 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, ingingo ya 181 n’iya 193.

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Nta manza zifashishijwe. Urubanza IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Kuwa 10/03/2020 saa kumi n’imwe z’umugoroba (17h00) Bakundukize Niyonsaba alias Mudori yagiye mu rugo rwa YANDAGIYE Jacqueline na BAGIRINSHUTI Japhet, bikavugwa ko yahibye ibikoresho byo mu nu bitandukanye. [2] Nyuma y’iperereza, Ubushinjacyaha bwamuregeye Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rusizi bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cy’ubujura bukoresheje intwaro, busaba ko ahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’ihazabu ya 7. 000. 000 Frw. BAKUNDUKIZE yaburanye yemera icyaha asobanura ko yabonye ba nyiri urugo badahari, yinjira mu nzu aterura igikapu cyarimo imyenda n’inkweto maze ba nyiri urugo bahita bamufata ari nabwo yahise ajya gufungwa, asaba imbabazi z’icyaha yakoze. [3] Mu rubanza RP 00074/2020/TGI/RSZ rwaciwe kuwa 15/05/2020, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rusizi rushingiye ku kwemera icyaha kwe, ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya bamushinja no ku nyandikomvugo y’ifatira y’ibyo yari yibye yashyizeho umukono yemeza ko ariwe ubifatanwe, rwemeje ko icyaha cy’ubujura bukoresheje intwaro kimuhama rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu y’amafaranga 5.000.000. [4] Bakundukize Niyonsaba alias Mudori yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru , Urugereko rwa Rusizi asaba gusuzuma inenge abona mu rubanza rwamuhamije icyaha cy’ubujura bukoresheje intwaro. Ubushinjacyaha busaba ko ubujurire bwe butakwakirwa kubera ko butubahirije ibihe by’ubujurire aho bigaragara ko urubanza RP 00074/2020/TGI/RSZ rwaciwe kuwa 15/05/2020 ariko Bakundukize arujuririra kuwa 16/06/2020 nyuma y’iminsi 30 iteganywa n’amategeko. [5] BAKUNDUKIZE Niyonsaba alias Mudori yasabye ko iyo nzitizi itahabwa ishingiro kubera ko yakatiwe n’urukiko ari muri kasho ya polisi, ageze mu igororero ashyirwa mu kato k’ibyumweru bitatu kubera icyorezo cya Covid-19, bityo akaba asanga nta mpamvu yatuma ubujurire bwe butakirwa. [6] Mu rubanza RPA 00356/2019/HC/RSZ rwaciwe kuwa 24/11/2022, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi rumaze kumva imiburanire y’impande zombi ku nzitizi yatanzwe n’Ubushinjacyaha, rwasanze Bakundukize yararengeje igihe cy’iminsi 30 giteganywa n’amategeko cyo gutanga ubujurire, rwemeza ko ikirego cye kidashobora kwakirwa ngo gisusumwe kuko atashoboye kugaragaza impamvu ikomeye kandi idasanzwe yatumye atubahiriza ibihe by’ubujurire. [7] BAKUNDUKIZE Niyonsaba alias Mudori yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kuri Nº RPAA 00060/2023/CA, ruburanishwa mu ruhame kuwa 16/1/2025 yunganiwe na Me NTAZIKA Nehemie naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na HABINEZA Damascène, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu.

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[8] Mu mwanzuro w’ubujuririre, Bakundukize yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire asaba guhabwa amahirwe yo kongera kugera mu rukiko kugira ngo asabe guhabwa ubutabera buboneye agabanyirizwe ibihano biruseho ndetse akurirweho n’ihazabu yaciwe kuko ntaho yayikura na cyane ko ari mu muryango w’abasigajwe inyuma n’amateka, akaba adafite amikoro. [9] Me NTAZIKA Nehemie umwunganira avuga ko BAKUNDUKIZE atahawe amahirwe mu Rukiko Rukuru, urugereko rwa Rusizi ngo yisobanure ku mpamvu z’ubujurire bwe, kandi urukiko rwari rufite gusuzuma niba impamvu atanga ifite ishingiro rubanje kubaza ubuyobozi bw’igororero niba koko yari yabanje gushyirwa mu kato kuri ariya matariki yagombaga gutangiramo ubujurire bwe; ko BAKUNDUKIZE NIYONSABA alias Mudori yavukijwe uburenganzira bwo kuburanishwa n’urukiko rubifitiye ububasha kugira ngo hatangwe ubutabera buboneye. Asaba ko uwo yunganira yarenganurwa, urubanza rugasubizwa mu Rukiko Rukuru rukaburanishwa mu mizi. [10] Ubushinjacyaha bwasubije buvuga ko Ubujurire bwa Bakundukize Niyonsaba alias Mudori nta shingiro bufite kuko yabaye mu kato mu gihe cy’ibyumweru bitatu akaba yarakavanwemo agifite igihe gihagije cyo kujurira, akaba atakwitwaza akato ngo avuge ko kamubujije kubahiriza ibihe by’ubujurire. [11] Urukiko rwahaye inshingano ubushinjacyaha yo kubaza Igororero rya Rusizi igihe Bakundukize Niyonsaba alias Mudori yagiriye mu kato n’igihe yagakuriwemo. Ku itariki ya 9/1/2025, ubuyobozi bw’Igororero bwanditse bwemeza ko Bakundukize Niyonsaba alias Mudori yari mu Kato mu Igorororero rya Rusizi kuva kuva 3- 16/6/2020. [12]

Urukiko ruhereye kuri izo mpaka, rurasuzuma niba Urukiko Rukuru rwarakoze ikosa ryo kutakira ikirego cya Bakundukize Niyonsaba alias Mudori rwirengagije ko igihe cyo kujurira yari mu kato. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA  Kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwaragombaga kwakira ubujurire bwa BAKUNDUKIZE NIYONSABA alias Mudori rukaburanisha mu mizi [13] Mu mwanzuro w’ubujuririre no mu miburanire ye, Bakundukize avuga ko yajurijwe no gusaba guhabwa amahirwe yo kongera kugera mu Rukiko kugira ngo asabe guhabwa ubutabera buboneye. Akomeza avuga ko yaburanye ari muri kasho ya polisi, ko yashyizwe mu kato imbere mu Igororero kubera Covid- 19, ko ibyo byamubereye imbogamizi itigobotorwa yatumye ajurira atubahirije ibihe biteganywa n’amategeko, asaba urukiko kumurenganura. [14] Ubwunganizi bwe buvuga ko BAKUNDUKIZE atahawe amahirwe mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi ngo yisobanure ku mpamvu z’ubujurire bwe, kandi urukiko rwari rufite gusuzuma niba impamvu atanga ifite ishingiro rubanje kubaza ubuyobozi bw’igororero niba koko yari yabanje gushyirwa mu kato. Ubwunganizi buvuga ko, inyandiko Ubushinjacyaha bwashyikirije Urukiko rw’Ubujurire igaragaza ko BAKUNDUKIZE NIYONSABA alias Mudori yari mu kato kuva tariki ya 03-16/06/2020, ibyo bikaba bishyigikiye imiburanire y’ushinjwa,

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busaba ko dosiye yasubizwa Urukiko Rukuru kugira ngo rusuzume ingingo z’ubujurire ku birebana n’imizi y’urubanza. [15] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha yasubije avuga ko Ubujurire bwa Bakundukize Niyonsaba alias Mudori bufite ishingiro hakurikijwe amakuru yatanzwe n’ubuyobozi bw’igororrero yarimo, ko igihe cy’ubujurire cyarangiye akiri mu kato , bikaba byaramubereye impamvu itigobotorwa yatumye atanga ubujurire bwe arengeje ibihe biteganywa n’amategeko ( 30 jrs). Asaba ko ubujurire bwe bwasubizwa mu Rukiko Rukuru,Urugereko rwa Rusizi kugira ngo rubusuzume mu mizi. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [16] Ingingo ya 181 y’Itegeko n° 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha iteganya ko kujurira bikorwa mu gihe kitarenga iminsi mirongo itatu (30) uhereye ku itariki urubanza rwaciriweho ku muburanyi wari uhari cyangwa ahagarariwe igihe urubanza rwacibwaga.Naho ingingo ya 262 y’Itegeko rivuzwe, mu gika cyayo cya 2, igira iti: “Nta gihe cyo kujurira gishobora kongerwa, bidatewe n’impamvu zikomeye kandi zidasanzwe, kugeza igihe zirangiriye”. [17] Urukiko Rukuru, mu gika cya 10 cy’urubanza n° RPA 00356/2019/HC/RSZ rwaciwe ku wa 24/11/2022, rwemeje kutakira ubujurire bwa Bakundukize Niyonsaba alias Mudori rubishingiye ku kuba urubanza rwe rwarasomwe kuwa 15/05/2020 itariki yagiye asinyiye nyuma y’iburanisha , bityo ko uwo ariwo munsi ushinjwa yagombaga guheraho abara ibihe by’ubujurire; ko kuba icyo gihe BAKUNDUKIZE Niyonsaba alias Mudori ataracyubahirije maze akajurira kuwa 16/06/2020 harenzeho umunsi umwe, atubahirije igihe cy’iminsi 30 giteganywa n’amategeko. Rwemeje kandi ko ikirego cye kidashobora kwakirwa ngo gisusumwe kubera ko nta mpamvu ikomeye kandi idasanzwe agaragaza yatumye amara icyo gihe cyose atarajurira, kandi bikaba bigaragara ko ibyumweru bitatu yamaze mu kato muri gereza byashize agifite iminsi yo kujurira ariko ntabikore. [18] Urukiko rurasanga, ibisobanuro byatanzwe n’Urukiko Rukuru bivuguruzwa n’ibarwa y’Igororero rya rusizi ryemeje ko kuva kuwa 03-16/06/2020 BAKUNDUKIZE Niyonsaba alias Mudori yari mu kato kubera icyorezo cya covid-19, Urukiko rukaba rwarakoze ikosa ryo kwemeza ntacyo rushingiyeho, ko nta mpamvu yatumye atajurira mu gihe, nyamara impamvu yari ihari kandi umuburanyi akaba yari yayiburanishije ariko Urukiko ntirubicukumbure ngo rurebe ukuri kwabyo. [19] Urukiko rurasanga, nk’uko impande zombi zibyemeranywaho, BAKUNDUKIZE Niyonsaba wajuriye ku wa 16/06/2020 ajuririra urubanza yaciriwe ku wa 15/05/2020, yarubahirije amategeko agenga ibihe by’ubujurire kuko impamvu ikomeye yamubujije kujurira ku gihe (gushyirwa mu kato) aribwo yarirangiye, bityo ubujurire bwe bukaba bwaragombaga kwakirwa bugasuzumwa.

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[20] Hakurikijwe ibiteganywa mu ngingo ya 1931 y’Itegeko n° 027/2019 ryavuzwe, Urukiko rurasanga urubanza RPA 00356/2019/HC/RSZ rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi ku wa 24/11/2022, rugomba guteshwa agaciro, dosiye ya BAKUNDUKIZE Niyonsaba alias Mudori igasusubizwa Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi kugira ngo ruburanishe ubujurire yarushyikirije mu mizi yarwo. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [21] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Bakundukize Niyonsaba alias Mudori bufite ishingiro. [22]

Rwemeje ko urubanza RPA 00356/2019/HC/RSZ rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi ku wa 24/11/2022 ruteshejwe agaciro. [23] Rwemeje ko ikirego cy’ubujurire bw’urubanza RP 00074/2020/TGI/RSZ Bakundukize Niyonsaba alias Mudori yaregeye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi, cyatanzwe mu bihe biteganyijwe n’amategeko. [24] Rwemeje ko dosiye y’urubanza rwa Bakundukize Niyonsaba alias Mudori isubizwa mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi kugira ngo rusuzume ubujurire mu mizi y’urubanza. [25] Ruvuze ko amagarama y’uru rubanza aba asubitswe.

1 Ingingo ya 193 y’Itegeko n° 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, igira iti: “Iyo urukiko rwajuririwe rusanze urubanza rwari rwaregewe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko urukiko rwaruciye ku rwego rubanza rukavuga ko rutakiriwe kandi rwaragombaga kwakirwa, Urukiko rwajuririwe rurarwakira, rukagaragaza ko rwagombaga kwakirwa ku rwego rwa mbere; rukarutesha agaciro maze rukarusubiza urukiko rwari rwaruciye kugira ngo ruruburanishe mu mizi, nta yindi ngwate y’amagarama itanzwe. Urukiko rwohererejwe uru rubanza ntirushobora kwanga kuruburanisha rwitwaje ko rwafashe icyemezo kuri iryo bura bubasha”.