UBUSHINJACYAHA v. BUCYANAYANDI

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v. BUCYANAYANDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-04-17 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00391/2021/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v. BUCYANAYANDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA 00391/2021/CA (Umugwaneza, P.J.,) 17 Mata 2025] Amategeko agenga imanza nshinjabyaha – Icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana – Icyemezo gishingirwaho kigaragaza imyaka y’uwasambanyijwe – Inyandiko y’ivuka (acte de naissance) itanzwe n’Umwanditsi w’irangamimerere w’aho umwana yavukiye cyangwa se w’aho ababyeyi be baba cyangwa batuye niyo ishingirwaho habarwa imyaka umwana yari afite igihe yasambanywaga. Mu gihe itabashije kuboneka hatangwa urubanza ruyisimbura (jugement supplétif) cyangwa ruyikosora (jugement rectificatif). Amategeko agenga ibimenyetso – Ibimenyetso – Mu manza nshinjabyaha ibimenyetso byose biremewe, ariko ibishingirwaho mu gufata icyemezo ni ibyo ababuranyi bagiyeho impaka. Mu yandi magambo, ikimenyetso ababuranyi bagize icyo bavugaho mu iburanisha cyangwa kigaragara mu myanzuro, nta cyabuza Urukiko kugishingiraho mu gufata icyemezo. Amategeko agenga imanza nshinjabyaha – kugabanyirwa igihano – Uregwa ntiyongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano, iyo mu bujurire Urukiko rusanga yarabigabanyirijwe bihagije, harebwe uburemere bw’icyaha n’uburyo icyaha cyakozwemo. Incamake y’ikibazo: Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo, bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’umugore we, witwa I.V w’imyaka cumi n’itatu y’amavuko (13), abikora amufatiyeho icyuma. Uregwa yaburanye ahakana icyaha. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo rushingiye kuri ibyo bimenyetso bitandukanye, rwahamije Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu icyaha aregwa cyo gusambanya umwana, maze rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu. Bucyanayandi yajuririye mu Rukiko Rukuru, avuga ko yahamijwe icyaha atakoze, ko yagihimbiwe na sebukwe ashaka kumufungisha kubera amakimbirane bafitanye. Ubushinjacyaha bwavuze ko ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite kuko amakimbarane avuga afitanye na sebukwe atayagarariza ibimenyetso. Urukiko Rukuru rwemeza ko ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite, bityo ko urubanza yajuririye rudahindutse. Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu yajuriye bwa kabiri mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, avuga ko atigeze asambanya umwana kuko nta bimenyetso bidashidikanywaho bibyemeza, avuga kandi ko n’iyo yaba yaramusambanyije yakurikiranwaho icyaha cyo gusambanya umuntu mukuru kuko igihe icyaha cyakorewe yari afite imyaka y’ubukure nyamara icyemezo gisimbura irangamuntu cy’uwo mukobwa kigaragaza ko yari afite imyaka cumi n’umunane (18) y’amavuko. Nyuma yaho habayeho urubanza rukosoza imyirondoro y’umwana wasambanijwe rugaragaza igihe yavukiye kuko habayeho impaka zishingiye ku kumenya icyashingirwaho hemezwa igihe nyakuri uvugwa ko yasambanyijwe yavukiye, no kumenya imyaka yari afite ubwo icyaha cyakorwaga.

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Ubushinjacyaha bwireguye kuri izo mpamvu z’ubujurire buvuga ko nta shingiro zifite kuko hari ibimenyetso bidashidikanywaho byemeza ko Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu yasambanyije umwana utarageza ku myaka cumi n’ine (14) y’amavuko kandi akaba ari umwana w’umugore we babana, ibyo bikaba bikwiye gufatwa nk’impamvu nkomezacyaha ituma atagabanyirizwa igihano. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Inyandiko y’ivuka (acte de naissance) itanzwe n’Umwanditsi w’irangamimerere w’aho umwana yavukiye cyangwa se w’aho ababyeyi be baba cyangwa batuye ariyo ishingirwaho habarwa imyaka umwana yari afite igihe yasambanywaga. Mu gihe itabashije kuboneka hatangwa urubanza ruyisimbura (jugement supplétif) cyangwa ruyikosora (jugement rectificatif). 2. Mu manza nshinjabyaha ibimenyetso byose biremewe, ariko ibishingirwaho mu gufata icyemezo ni ibyo ababuranyi bagiyeho impaka. Mu yandi magambo, ikimenyetso ababuranyi bagize icyo bavugaho mu iburanisha cyangwa kigaragara mu myanzuro, nta cyabuza Urukiko kugishingiraho mu gufata icyemezo. 3. Uregwa ntiyongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano, iyo mu bujurire Urukiko rusanga yarabigabanyirijwe bihagije, harebwe uburemere bw’icyaha n’uburyo icyaha cyakozwemo. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N° 062/2024 ryo ku wa 20/06/2024 rigenga ibimenyetso, ingingo ya 87. Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza RPAA 00133/2020/CA rw’ Ubushinjacyaha na Nyiringabo Emmanuel, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 14/05/2021; Urubanza RPA 0129/10/CS, rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Mpitabakana, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 7/03/2014; Urubanza RPA 00016/2020/CA, rw’ Ubushinjacyaha na Abayisenge Vénant na bagenzi be, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 22/03/2024; Urubanza RPAA 00287/2024/CA haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Uhoraningoga Méthode, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 14/02/2025; Urubanza RPAA 00530/2024/CA, rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Nkenzabo Cyprien, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/02/2025.

Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo, bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, buvuga ko mu ijoro ryo ku itariki ya 26/05/2018 yasambanyije umwana w’umugore we witwa I.V amufatiyeho icyuma. Bwavuze ko Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu yagiye kwa sebukwe ari naho kwa sekuru wa I.V, aho uyu mwana yabaga, ababwira ko nyina w’uwo mwana (ari nawe mugore wa Bucyanayandi) amumutumye

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kugira ngo amufashe kuko yari hafi kubyara, umwana baramuhahaye aramujyana amugejeje mu nzira amufatiraho icyuma aramusambanya. [2] Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu, yaburanye ahakana icyaha, akavuga ko yagihimbiwe na sebukwe Rutaremara batavuga rumwe kuko yamutungiye umukobwa atabishaka, bitewe n’uko ari umukene. [3] Mu rubanza RP 00486/2018/TGI/GSBO, rwaciwe ku wa 21/01/2019, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo rwasanze hari ibimenyetso byemeza ko Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu yakoze icyaha aregwa, birimo: imvugo yavugiye mu Bugenzacyaha aho yemeye ko yavanye I.V kwa sebukwe mu ijoro aramutahana; imvugo y’umwana I.V umushinja ko yamusambanyije; Urukiko rushingiye kuri ibyo bimenyetso, rwahamije Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu. [4] Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, avuga ko yahamijwe icyaha atakoze, ko yagihimbiwe na sebukwe ashaka kumufungisha kubera amakimbirane bafitanye. Ubushinjacyaha bwavuze ko ubujurire bwa Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu nta shingiro bufite kuko amakimbarane avuga afitanye na sebukwe atayagarariza ibimenyetso. [5] Mu rubanza RPA 00598/2019/HC/KIG, rwaciwe ku wa 11/01/2021, Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze ibimenyetso byashingiweho ku rwego rwa mbere mu guhamya Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu icyaha bifite ishingiro kandi atabasha kubivuguruza, rusanga ibyo avuga ko azira amakimbirane afitanye na sebukwe nta shingiro bifite kuko atariwe umushinja wenyine, rwemeza ko ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite, ko urubanza yajuririye rudahindutse. [6] Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu yajuriye bwa kabiri mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, avuga ko atigeze asambanya I.V kuko nta bimenyetso bidashidikanywaho bibyemeza, kandi ko n’iyo yaba yaramusambanyije yakurikiranwaho icyaha cyo gusambanya umuntu mukuru kuko igihe icyaha cyakorewe I.V yari afite imyaka y’ubukure, ariko ko Urukiko rusanze yarasambanyije umwana, rwamugabanyiriza igihano kuko bwaba ari ubwa mbere bigaragaye ko yaba akoze icyaha. [7] Ubushinjacyaha bwireguye kuri izo mpamvu z’ubujurire buvuga ko nta shingiro zifite kuko hari ibimenyetso bidashidikanywaho byemeza ko Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu yasambanyije umwana utarageza ku myaka cumi n’ine (14) y’amavuko kandi akaba ari umwana w’umugore we babana, ibyo bikaba bikwiye gufatwa nk’impamvu nkomezacyaha ituma atagabanyirizwa igihano. [8] Ubujurire bwa Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu bwahawe RPAA 00391/2021/CA, urubanza ruburanishwa mu ruhame ku 08/02/2024, yunganiwe na Me Ruganza Bin Seba, Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Bunyoye Grâce, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. Muri iryo buranisha Bucyanayandi Jean Dieu n’umwunganira basobanuye impamvu ze z’ubujurire, Ubushinjacyaha buzireguraho, Urubanza rurapfundikirwa, isomwa ryarwo rishyirwa ku wa 27/02/2024. [9] Igihe Urukiko rwari rwiherereye ngo ruce urubanza, rwasanze mbere yo gufuta icyemezo cya burundu, ari ngomba ko hahanza gushakwa inyandiko y’ivuka (acte de naissance) ya I.V

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kugira ngo izafashe mu kugaragaza niba igihe icyaha gikurikiranwe cyakorewe yari umwana cyangwa niba yari umukobwa mukuru, maze mu rubanza rubanziriza urundi rwaciwe ku wa 27/02/204, rutegeka Ubushinjacyaha ko buzabanza kurushyikiriza iyo nyandiko y’ivuka ya I.V. [10] Iburanisha ry’urubanza ryapfunduwe ku wa 19/03/2024, ariko ntirwaburanishwa kubera ko Ubushinjacyaha bwagaragaje ko inyandiko y’ivuka (acte de naissance) ya I.V itaraboneka, rugenda rwimurirwa ku matariki atandukanye kugeza ku wa 03/04/2025, uwo munsi ruburanishwa Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu yunganiwe na Me Munini Patrick, Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Ninahazwa Roselyne, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. Muri iryo buranisha hagiwe impaka ku rubanza rukosora umwirondoro wa wa I.V rwatanzwe n’Ubushinjacyaha, iburanisha ripfundikirwa ababuranyi bamenyeshejwe ko urubanza ruzasomwa ku itariki ya 17/04/2025 ari nawo munsi rusomweho. [11] Mu rubanza harasuzumwa ibibazo bikurikira: a. kumenya niba igihe icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu akurikiranweho cyakorewe, I.V yari umwana cywanga yari mukuru; b. Kumenya niba Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu yarahamijwe icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana nta bimenyetso bidashidikanywaho bihari bikimuhamya; c. kumwanya niba Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu yagabanyirizwa ibihano. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA

a.Kumenya niba igihe icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu akurikiranweho cyakorewe, I.V yari umwana cywanga yari mukuru [12] Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu na Me Ruganza Bin Seba umwunganira bavuga ko yahamijwe icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’umukobwa witwa I.V w’imyaka cumi n’itatu y’amavuko (13) hashingiwe ku bwisungane mukwivuza (mutuelle de santé) bw’uwo mukobwa, nyamara icyemezo gisimbura irangamuntu cy’uwo mukobwa (I.V) kigaragaza ko yari afite imyaka cumi n’umunane (18) y’amavuko, basaba uru Rukiko kubona ko Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu yakurikiranyweho icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana kandi yakabaye akurikiranwaho icyaha cyo gusambanya umukobwa mukuru. [13] Mu iburanisha ryo ku wa 03/04/2025, Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu amaze kugaragarizwa urubanza rukosora umwirondoro wa I.V rugaragaza ko yavutse tariki 09/12/2006, yavuze ko urwo rubanza ruhabanye n’urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo rwamuhamije icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, kuko rwavuze ko yasambanyije umwana w’imyaka cumi n’itatu (13), naho urubanza rukosora umwirondoro rukaba rugaragaza ko umwana (I.V) ari nawe wasambanyijwe yari afite imyaka cumi n’ibiri (12), rukaba na none n’icyangombwa cy’uwo mwana gisimbura irangamuntu cyemejwe na NIDA kuko cyo kigaragaza ko yari afite imyaka cumi n’umunane (18) y’amavuko, aha akaba yibaza impamvu ibyangombwa bya I.V bigenda bihindagurika. [14] Me Munini Patrick avuga ko kuva kera I.V ariryo zina uwakorewe icyaha yari asanzwe yitwa, ariko ko yagiye gutanga ikirego mu buryo bw’inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe

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n’umubiranyi umwe (requête unilatérale) asaba gukosoza imwirondoro we kandi nta makossa arimo mu rwego rwo gushaka ibimenyetso bigusha Bucyanayandi mu cyaha, Urukiko ruca urubanza rukosora umwirondoro we, rwemeza ko yavutse ku wa 09/12/2006 hashingiwe kubyo yivugiye, bivuze ko icyaha gikurikiranwe cyakozwe afite imyaka cumi n’ibiri (12) y’amavuko, urwo rubanza rukaba ruvuguruzanya n’urwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo rwahamije Bucyanayandi icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana ari narwo rwajuririwe kugeza muri uru Rukiko kuko rwo rugaragaza ko Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu yarezwe icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’imyaka cumi n’itatu (13) y’amavuko, bityo ko urubanza rukosora imwirondoro wa I.V rudakwiye gushingirwaho kuko yagiye gukosoza umwirondoro wari usanzwe utarimo amakosa kugira ngo abone ibimenyetso bigusha Bucyanayandi mu cyaha, Urukiko rwemeza igihe I.V yavukiye rushingiye kubyo yivugihe kandi igihe umwana yavukiye cyemezwa na nyina, urwo rubanza rukaba runavuguruzanya n’urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo ruvuga ko Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu yarezwe icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’imyaka cumi n’itatu (13) y’amavuko. [15] Me Munini Patrick yakomeje avuga ko urubanza rusimbura inyandiko y’ivuka ya I.V rutavuguruza icyemezo gisimbura irangamuntu cyatanzwe n’Umurenge kigaragaza ko yavutse ku wa 25/09/2000, ikindi kandi mu mwaka wa 2019 I.V yashatse umugabo aranabyara ntihagira urubanza rugaragara ruhamya umugabo wamushatse ko yashatse umwana, ko ikigaragara ari uko uwo bita umwana ari mukuru, ko urwo rubanza rwaciwe mu rwego rwo gushakisha ibimenyetso bigusha Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu mu cyaha kubera amakimbirane yo mu miryango agaragazwa n’imanza z’imirima ari nazo zatumye bahimbira Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu icyaha. [16] Ubushinjacyaha bvuga ko, urubanza rukosora umwirondoro wa I.V arirwo rugomba gukurikizwa, ko kuvuga ko umugabo wa I.V yashatse atigeze akurikiranwaho icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana ntacyo byahindura ku cyaha Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu akurikiranyweho kuko icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana kidasaza, bivuze ko igihe cyose Ubushinjacyaha bufite uburenganzira bwo kuba bwakurikirana uwo mugabo. Ubushinjacyaha bukomeza buvuga ko uretse n’urubanza rukosora umwirondoro wa I.V rugaragaza igihe yavukiye, na nyina w’uwo mwana nawe yavuze ko umukobwa we yasambanyijwe ari umwana, ifishi y’ubuzima bw’umwana (Fiche de vaccination) nayo ikaba igaragaza igihe I.V yavukiye, ko naho kuvuga ko umwana ari Uwase aho kuba I.V nyina yabisobanuye neza ko byari byatewe na se w’umwana watanze amazina atariyo, ko rero ibyo byose byemeza nta shiti ko I.V yasambanyijwe akiri umwana. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [17] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya icyashingirwaho hemezwa igihe nyakuri I.V uvugwa ko yasambanyijwe yavukiye, no kumenya imyaka yari afite ubwo icyaha cyakorwaga. [18] Mu gusubiza kiki kibazo hakwifashishwa ibyemejwe n’uru Rukiko mu rubanza RPAA 00133/2020/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 14/05/2021 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nyiringabo Emmanuel (igika cya 8, rwemeje ko “Inyandiko y’ivuka (acte de naissance) itanzwe n’Umwanditsi w’irangamimerere w’aho umwana yavukiye cyangwa se w’aho ababyeyi be baba cyangwa batuye ariyo ishingirwaho habarwa imyaka umwana yari afite igihe yasambanywaga. Mu gihe itabashije kuboneka hatangwa urubanza ruyisimbura (jugement supplétif) cyangwa ruyikosora (jugement rectificatif)”.

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[19] Muri dosiye y’uru rubanza hagaragara ibyangombwa bitandukanye bya I.V bigaragaza amatariki atandukanye yavutseho, nk’ikarita y’ubwisungane mu kwivuza (mutuelle de santé) igaraza ko yavutse mu mwaka wa 2005, icyemezo gisimbura indangamuntu kigaragaza ko yavutse tariki 15/09/2000, ibaruwa yanditwe n’Ikigo Nderabuzima cya Nyamata igaragaza ko mu bitabo byakoreshejwe mu mu gikorwa cyo gukingira abana mu mwaka wa 2005 na 2006, hagarara umwana witwa Uwase mwene Ruhumuriza na Nyinawabega wavutse ku itariki ya 09/12/2006, hakagaraga n’urubanza RCA 00148/2024/TGI/GSBO rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo ku wa 30/07/2024, rukosora umwirondoro wa I.V, rwemeje ko akwiye gukosorerwa umwirondoro mu bitabo by’irangamimerere, hakandikwa amazina ye y’ukuri ariyo I.V aho kuba Uwase, kandi ko yavutse ku wa 09/12/2006, aho kuba ku wa 15/09/2000. [20] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rushingiye ku murongo wibukijwe mu gika 18 cy’uru rubanza, rurasanga urubanza rukosora umwirondoro wa I.V arirwo rukwiye gushingirwaho mu kubara imyaka yari afite igihe icyaha gikurikiranwe cyakorewe, bityo kuko icyaha cyakozwe ku wa 26/05/2018, hakemezwa ko icyo gihe yari afite imyaka 12 n’amezi agera kuri 6, bivuze ko icyaha cyakozwe akiri umwana. Bityo imiburanire ya Bucyamayandi Jean Dieu y’uko icyo gihe I.V yari afite imyaka 18, ikaba nta shingiro ifite kuko icyemezo gisimbura indangantu agaragaza, kitavuguruza urubanza rwavuzwe haruguru. [21] Ku bijyanye n’imiburanire ya Me Munini Patrick y’uko urubanza rukosora umwirondoro wa I.V rwaciwe mu rwego rwo gushakisha ibimenyetso bigusha Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu mu cyaha kuko nta makosa yari asanzwe agaragara mu mwirondoro wa I.V, bityo ko rutashingirwaho, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga nta shingiro ifite kuko nk’uko bigaragara mu gika cya 6 cy’urwo rubanza, Urukiko rwagaragaje impamvu rukosoye umwirondoro wa I.V, ko ari uko mu nyandiko zitandukanye n’ibyangombwa bitandukanye ahagaragara umwirondoro we hari ahanditse ko yitwa Uwase kandi ko yavutse ku wa 15/09/2000, nyamara amazina ye y’ukuri ari Igihozo Vanessa kandi ko yavutse ku wa 09/12/2006. Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga rero igihe cyose urubanza rukosora umwirondo wa I.V rutarakurwaho cyangwa ngo ruhindurwe n’urundi rubanza, nta cyatuma rudashingirwaho mu kubara imyaka yari afite igihe icyaha gikurikiranwe cyakorewe. b.Kumenya niba Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu yarahamijwe icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana nta bimenyetso bidashidikanywaho bihari bikimuhamya [22] Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu avuga ko yahamijwe icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana hashingiwe ku bimenyetso bishidikanywaho, agasobanura ko mu gika cya 8 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko ibimenyetso byashingiweho n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye bifite inenge, ariko aho kubitesha agaciro narwo rubishingiraho kandi rwari rumaze kubona ko bifite inenge; asaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kubona ko ibyo bimenyetso bitera gushidikanya, bityo ko icyaha aregwa atagikoze ahubwo ko yagihimbiwe na sebukwe kubera amakimbirane bafitanye, maze rumugire umwere. [23] Me Ruganza Bin Seba avuga ko harebwe inyandiko igaragaza amakimbirane Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu afitanye na sebukwe, hakarebwa raporo ya muganga igaragaza ko hymen (akarangabusugi) ya I.V ikiri intact (kariho ko nta n’ikibazo gafite), asanga bitera gushidikanya kurengera ushinjwa, asaba ko byashingirwaho uwo yunganira akagirwa umwere. [24] Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko ubujurire bwa Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu nta shingiro bufite kuko yahamijwe icyaha hashingiwe ku bimenyetso bidashidikanywaho byemeza ko yasambanyije

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umwana birimo raporo ya muganga, imvugo y’uwakorwe icyaha n’imvugo z’abatangabuhamya, akaba atabasha kubivuguruza. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [25] Ku bijyanye n’ibimenyetso mu manza nshinjabyaha, ingingo ya 87 y’Itegeko N° 062/2024 ryo ku wa 20/06/2024 rigenga ibimenyetso, ivuga ko “Mu rubanza nshinjabyaha, ikimenyetso gishingira ku mpamvu zose z’ibyabaye n’ibyemejwe n’amategeko, ababuranyi bapfa kuba barahawe umwanya wo kubijyaho impaka”. [26] Ibivuzwe mu gika kibanziriza iki bihura n’ibyemejwe mu rubanza RPA 00016/2020/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 22/03/2024, haburana Ubushinjacyaha, Abayisenge Vénant na bagenzi be. Muri urwo rubanza, Urukiko rwasesenguye ingingo ya 108, igika cya mbere y’Itegeko N°027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu, rwemeza ko “mu manza nshinjabyaha ibimenyetso byose byemewe, ariko ko ibishingirwaho mu gufata icyemezo ari ibyo ababuranyi bagiyeho impaka. Mu yandi magambo, ikimenyetso ababuranyi bagize icyo bavugaho mu iburanisha cyangwa kigaragara mu myanzuro, nta cyabuza Urukiko kugishingiraho mu gufata icyemezo1”. [27] Imikirize y’urubanza rujuririrwa, igaragaza ko Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu yahamijwe icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana hashingiwe ku mvugo z’uwo mwana umushinja ko yamusambanyije, imvugo z’abatangabuhamya Ruhumuriza Abobukar na Muhorakeye Jeanne bavuga uburyo uyu Bucyanayandi yaje iwabo mu ijoro agatwara I.V n’uburyo uyu mwana yagarutse ameze akababwira ko yamusambanyije, imvugo ya Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu yo mu Bugenzacyaha aho yemeye ko yaje gufata uwo mwana I.V kwa sekuru ari nijoro, na raporo yamuganga igaragaza ko uwo mwana yasambanyijwe. [28] Dosiye y’uru rubanza igaragaza imvugo ya I.V yo mu Bushinjacyaha ku wa 26/05/2018, aho yasobanuye ko Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu yaje kumufata murugo kwa sekuru nka saa ine z’ijoro (22h:00), amubwira ko nyina (nyina wa I.V akaba umugore wa Bucyanayandi) agiye kubyara, amusaba ko bajyana akajya kumufasha, baragiye bageze mu nzira aramuniga, amutamika ibyatsi, amukuramo ipantalo aramusambanya, amubwira ko atari bumutobore (ataribwinjize igitsina) ko aribukorere inyuma, hanyuma amubwira ko atamira igitsina cye akanywa ibintu birimo, atabinywa akamutobora (akinjiza igitsina mu cye), niko gutamira igitsina cye aracyonka, arangije igihe Bucyanayandi agiye kwambara impantalo aramucika. I.V ari imbere y’uru Rukiko mu iburanisha ryo ku wa 18/04/2024 nabwo yongeye gusobobanuye uburyo Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu yamusambanyije, abivuga mu buryo bumwe n’ubwo yabivuzemo mu Bugenzacyaha, gusa yongeraho ko yamusambanyije amufatiyeho icyuma. [29] Dosiye igaragaza kandi imvugo ya Rutaremara Wellars atanga ikirego mu Bugenzacyaha ku wa 29/09/2018 ndetse n’iyo yavugiye muri uru Rukiko mu iburanisha ryo ku wa 18/04/2024, zose zihuriza ku kuba mu ijoro ryo ku wa 26/05/2018 Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu yaje iwe murugo asaba I.V ko bajyana akajya gusigarana abana kuko nyina (nyina wa I.V akaba umugore wa

1 Reba igika cya 95 cy’urwo rubanza

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Bucyanayandi) agiye kwa muganga kuko atwite, I.V yarabyutse baragenda, habaye nka saa sita z’ijoro umwana (I.V) agaruka yahindanye yuzuye ibyondo, binagaraga ko bamunize yanakubiswe ikofe mu mutwe kuko yari yabyimbiwe, afite n’amasoroho mu kanywa, abawira ko Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu yamufatiyeho icyuma aramusambanya arangije amunywesha amasohoro. Yakomeje avuga ko inkeragutabara zahise zijya gufata Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu bageze iwe, umugore we amuhisha inyuma y’igitanda amugerekaho imyenda n’inzitiramubu. [30] Hari kandi ubuhamya bwa Ruhumuriza Abobukar n’ubwa Muhorakeye Jeanne abatanze mu Bugenzacyaha ku wa 30/05/2018, aho bose bahuriza ku kuba mu ijoro ryo ku wa 26/05/2018 Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu yaje iwabo nka saa ine z’ijoro (22h:00) aje kujyana I.V ngo abafashe kuko yavugaga ko umugore we ahuye n’ikibazo kuko yari atwite, Bucyanayandi yafashe I.V ukuboko baragenda, habaye nka saa sita z’ijoro (00h:00) I.V aguruka arimo guciragura avuga ko Bucyanayandi yamufatiyeho icyuma aramusambanya amusohoreraho mu kanywa. Hari nanone raporo ya muganga igaragaza ko I.V ashobora kuba yarasambanyijwe (cas de viol probable). [31] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rushingiye ku ngingo ya 87 y’Itegeko N° 062/2024 ryo ku wa 20/06/2024 rigenga ibimenyetso no ku murongo watanzwe mu rubanza RPA 00016/2020/CA wibukijwe mu gika cya 26 cy’uru rubanza, rurasanga imvugo ya I.V, imvugo ya Rutaremara Wellars, ubuhamya bwa Ruhumuriza Abobukar n’ubwa Muhorakeye Jeanne ndetse na raporo ya muganga, ari ibimenyetso bifatika kandi byuzuzanya byemeza nta shiti ko Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu yasambanyije umwana I.V wari ufite imyaka 12 n’amezi 6, bityo nk’uko n’Urukiko Rukuru rwabibonye akaba ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana utarageza ku myaka cumi n’ine (14) y’amavuko. [32] Ku bijyanye n’imiburanire ya Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu y’uko icyaha yagihimbiwe na sebukwe (Rutaremara Wellars) kubera amakimbirane bafitanye, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga nta shingiro ifite kuko nk’uko n’Urukiko Rukuru rwabibonye sebukwe atariwe umushinja wenyine, hari n’abandi bamushinja nk’uko imvugo zabo zagaragajwe mu bika bibanziriza iki igika cya 28 na 30 by’uru rubanza. [33] Ku bijyanye n’imiburanire ya Me Ruganza Bin Seba y’uko raporo ya muganga itera urujijo kuko igaragaza ko hymen (akarangabusugi) ya I.V ikiri intact (kariho ko nta n’ikibazo gafite), Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rusanga nta shingiro ifite kuko hakurikijwe uburyo uwo mwana asobanura yasambanyijwemo, aho avuga ko Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu atigeze yinjiza igitsina cye imbere mu gitsina cy’uyu mwana, ahubwo ko yakoreye inyuma, n’amasohoro ayamushyira mu kanwa; n’ubundi akarangabusugi katari kwangirika, ariyo mpamvu mugaga yagaragaje ko katangiritse, ariko akabona ko hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko I.V ashobora kuba yasambanyijwe (cas de viol probable). Bityo iyi ngingo y’ubujurire ya Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu ikaba nta shingiro ifite kuko hari ibimenyetso bifatika kandi bidashidikanywaho bimuhamya icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana.

c.Kumenya niba Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu yagabanyirizwa ibihano [34] Abunganira Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu, basaba ko yagabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 2 y’Itegeko N° 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange kuko ari ubwa mbere akoze icyaha.

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[35] Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu atagabanyirizwa igihano kuko kuba yarasambanyije umwana uri munsi y’imyaka 14 kandi umwana yasambanyije akaba ari umwana w’umugore we, byafatwa nk’impamvu nkomezacyaha ituma ahanwa bihagije kugira ngo abone ububi bw’icyaha yakoze binigishe sosiyete nyarwanda. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [36] Ingingo ya 49, igika cya 1 y’Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu, ivuga ko “Umucamanza atanga igihano akurikije uburemere bw'icyaha, ingaruka icyaha cyateye, impamvu zatumye agikora, uko uwagikoze yari asanzwe yitwara, imibereho ye bwite n’uburyo icyaha cyakozwemo”. [37] Naho mu rubanza RPA 0129/10/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 7/03/2014, Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Mpitabakana22, Urukiko rwemeje ko “Uregwa ntiyongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano, iyo mu bujurire Urukiko rusanga yarabigabanyirijwe bihagije, harebwe uburemere bw’icyaha n’uburyo icyaha cyakozwemo”. Uyu murongo ni nawo wakomeje gushingirwaho n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu manza zitandukanye, rwaciye harimo urubanza RPAA 00287/2024/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 14/02/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Uhoraningoga Méthode (igika cya 24), urubanza RPAA 00530/2024/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/02/2025 Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Nkenzabo Cyprien (igika cya 19) n’izindi. [38] Harebwe uburyo icyaha Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu akurikiranyweho cyakozwemo n’ubugome yagikoranye, aho yasambanyije umwana umeze nk’aho ari uwe yakabaye yitaho anarinda ihohoterwa iryo ariryo ryose kimwe n’abandi bana be kuko uwo mwana ari umwana w’umugore we, kandi ukuri muto cyane kuko yari afite imyaka 12 n’amezi 6, we afite imyaka makumyabiri n’irindwi (27) y’amavuko, aho kugira ngo amurinde ihohoterwa aba ariwe urimukorera, anamusambanyiriza mu kinani mu ijoro, amufatiyeho icyuma, yamushyize ibyatsi mu kanwa ngo adataka hakagira umutabara, arangije amutamika igitsina cye amutegeka ku cyonka amusohoreraho mu kanwa, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga igihano yahawe cyo gufungwa burundu kidakwiye kugabanywa kuko aricyo gihwanye n’uburemere bw’icyaha yakoze n’uburyo cyakozwemo. [39] Igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu kandi ni nacyo cyatanzwe n’uru Rukiko mu manza zitandukanye zakemuye ikibazo kijya gusa n’ikiri muri uru rubanza, hari nk’urubanza RPAA 00538/2023/CA rwaciwe ku wa 21/02/2025, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Uwizeyimana Mathias wasambanyije umwana we w’imyaka cumi n’itatu (13) y’amavuko, aburana ahakana icyaha, ariko Urukiko rusanga kimuhama, rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu. Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu nawe akaba akwiye guhanishwa igifungo cya burundu kuko n’ubwo umwana yasambanyije atari uwo yibyariye munda ye, ariko ni nk’aho ari uwe kuko ari umwana w’umugore we yakabaye arerana n’abandi bana babyaye.

2 Icyegeranyo cy’ibyemezo by’inkiko, V. 2, Ukwakira 2014. p.127.

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[40] Hashingiwe ku bisobanuro byose byatanzwe muri uru rubanza, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ubujuririre bwatanzwe na Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu nta shingiro bufite, urubanza yajuririye rukaba rugomba kugumana agaciro mu ngingo zarwo zose. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [41] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu nta shingiro bufite; [42] Rwemeje ko urubanza RPA 00598/2019/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 11/01/2021, rudahindutse; [43] Rwemeje ko igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu yahawe muri urwo rubanza ku cyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’umugorewe w’imyaka 12 n’amezi 6 y’amavuko kigumyeho; [44] Rutegetse ko Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu asonewe gutanga amagarama y’urubanza kuko aburana afunze.