UBUSHINJACYAHA v GASANGWA

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v GASANGWA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-05-20 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00190/2024/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v GASANGWA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE - RPAA 00190/2024/CA (Rukundakuvuga, P.J.) 20 Gicurasi 2025. Amategeko agenga imanza z’inshinjabyaha – Ibimenyetso – Ireme ry’ubuhamya - Mu rukiko umutangabuhamya avuga ibyo yiboneye cyangwa ibyo yumvise mu buryo butaziguye, ariko urukiko ni rwo rwonyine rusuzuma mu bushishozi bwarwo icyizere cyangwa ireme bukwiye guhabwa. Incamake y’ikibazo: Ku wa 30/11/2019, Kubwimana Constantine yagiye guhinga asiga umwana we w’umukobwa w’imyaka 12, agarutse asanga yasambanijwe kuko yarimo afura imyenda ye yarimo amaraso. Amubajejie icyo yabaye, uwo mwana yasobanuye ko yasambanyijwe na sekuru witwa Gasangwa Jean Marie Vianney, arangije aramubwira ngo ntabivuge. Uwo mubyeyi yabajije Gasangwa ibyabaye ariko we arabihakana, amusabye ko amuherekeza bakajyana umwana kwa muganga nabyo arabyanga ahubwo aratoroka nyuma aza gufatirwa mu Karere ka Gisagara. Ubushinjacyaha bwatanze ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Huye bumushinja icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, uregwa aburana ahakana ariko urukiko ruza gusanga ahamwa n’icyaha rumukatira igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu. Uregwa ntiyishimiye icyo cyemezo akijuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza avuga ko avuga ko nta cyaha yakoze, ko ari umugambi mubisha wateguwe n’umukobwa we Kubwimana Constatine bahora bapfa umutungo n’uburaya. Urukiko rwasanze urega atabasha kuvuguruza ibimenyetso bimuhamya icyaha, rusanga kandi nta kigomba guhinduka ku gihano cya burundu yakatiwe. Uregwa kandi yajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, uru rukiko rusuzuma ikibazo cyo kumenya niba hari inenge ziri mu bimeyetso byashingiweho n’Urukiko mu kwemeza ko Gasangwa Jean Marie Vianney, ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana. Gasangwa asobanura ko Urukiko Rukuru rwitaye ku bimenyetso by’Ubushinjacyaha gusa ntibwakora iperereza ngo rusuzume ibyo yavugaga ku mpamvu yatumye umukobwa we amushinja kuko bari bafitanye ibibazo. Ubushinjacyaha buvuga uregwa atabasha kuvuguruza ibimenyetso byose byatanzwe bityo ko ibyo avuga nta shingiro bikwiye guhabwa. Incamake y’icyemezo: Mu rukiko umutangabuhamya avuga ibyo yiboneye cyangwa ibyo yumvise mu buryo butaziguye, ariko urukiko ni rwo rwonyine rusuzuma mu bushishozi bwarwo icyizere cyangwa ireme bukwiye guhabwa. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Nta mategeko yashingiweho Imanza zifashishijwe: RPAA 00433/2022/CA, Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Ayingeneye Butsuri Franҫois, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 22/01/2024;

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RPA 00001/2022/CA, Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Mugimba Jean-Baptiste, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 14/02/2025. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ku wa 30/11/2019, Kubwimana Constantine yagiye guhinga, asiga umwana we witwa U. S1. w’imyaka 12 y’amavuko mu rugo; ahinguye asanga umwana yameseye mu nzu, amubaza impamvu yameseye mu nzu, umwana amubwira ko atari kumesera hanze kandi ari amaraso yamesaga. Nyina amubajije aho yavanye ayo maraso, umwana amubwira ko yagiye gufata imyeyo muri salon, sekuru Gasangwa Jean Marie Vianney akamusambanya, akamuvusha amaraso, arangije amusezeranya kumuha amafaraga magana atanu ngo atabivuga. Kubwimana Constantine Yabimenyesheje abaturage, baraza babaza Gasangwa Jean Marie Vianney niba koko yasambanyije umwuzukuru we, arabihakana; nibwo yahise afata nanjoro anyura munsi y’urugo avuga ko agiye kwahira ubwatsi bw’inka, ahita atoroka ntiyagaruka mu rugo, bituma bakeka ko koko yasambanyije U.S. Yakomeje gushakishwa, aza gufatirwa mu Karere ka Gisagara nyuma y’iminsi itatu, ashyikirizwa Ubugenzacyaha. [2] Nyuma y’iperereza, Ubushinjacyaha bwamureze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Huye bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, bumusabira igifungo cya burundu. Gasangwa Jean Marie Vianney yaburanye ahakana icyaha avuga ko ari imipango yapangiwe n’umukobwa we basanzwe bafitanye amakimbirane ashingiye ku mitungo. [3] Mu rubanza No RP 00639/2019/TGI/HYE, rwaciwe ku wa 20/11/2020, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Huye rwahamije Gasangwa Jean Marie Vianney icyaha, rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu rushingiye ku kuba: - ashinjwa n’umwana wahohotewe n’abaturage batandukanye; - raporo ya Muganga igaragaza ko umwana yangiritse akarangabusugi, kandi igitsina cye cyandujwe n’amaraso mashyashya; no - kuba uregwa yaratorotse akimara kumva umwana avuze ibyo kumusambanya. [4] Gasangwa Jean Marie Vianney ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza, ajuririra Urukiko Rukuru/Urugereko rwa Nyanza avuga ko nta cyaha yakoze, ko ari umugambi mubisha wateguwe n’umukobwa we Kubwimana Constatine bahora bapfa umutungo n’uburaya, dore ko yabyaye abana 6 ku bagabo batandukanye. Avuga ko yasabye iperereza kugira ngo Urukiko rubaze uko abanye n’umukobwa we ariko ntibyakorwa, agasaba kurenganurwa. [5] Mu rubanza RPA 01067/2020/HC/NYZ, rwaciwe ku wa 27/02/2024, Urukiko Rukuru/Urugereko rwa Nyanza rwasanze ibyo Gasangwa Jean Marie Vianney avuga nta shingiro bifite kuko adashobora kuvuguruza ibimenyetso byatanzwe n’Ubushinjacyaha byemeza ko yakoze icyaha koko, rusanga igifungo cya burundu yahanishijwe nacyo gikwiye kugumaho kuko yasambanyije umwuzukuru we akamwangiza nk’uko raporo ya muganga ibigaragaza, akaba yari

1 Izina ryahawe umwana wahohotewe ku bw’umutekano we

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asanzwe afite imyitwarire mibi kandi akaba atari ubwa mbere akoze icyaha kuko yahaniwe icyaha cya Jenoside. [6] Gasangwa Jean Marie Vianney, ntiyanyuzwe n’icyemezo cy’Urukiko Rukuru/Urugereko rwa Nyanza maze yongera kujuririra Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza rwe ruhabwa no RPAA 00190/2024/CA, iburanisha mu ruhame rishyirwa ku wa 07/05/2025. Uwo munsi ugeze, Gasangwa Jean Marie Vianney yitaba yunganiwe na Me Mana Jean Paul, naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Uwanziga Lydie, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [7] Gasangwa Jean Marie Vianney avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru/Urugereko rwa Nyanza rwakomeje kumuhamya icyaha rudasesenguye akarengane yagiriwe, kuko rwagendeye ku cyemezo cy’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Huye kandi kibogamiye ku bimemyetso bishinja gusa. Asoza asaba ko amakosa yakozwe n’Inkiko zibanza yakosorwa akagirwa umwere. [8] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko impamvu z’ubujurire za Gasangwa Jean Marie Vianney nta shingiro zahabwa kuko usibye kuba agaragaza ko hari ibibazo yari afitanye n’umukobwa we, atagaragaza aho bihurira n’isambanywa rya U. S. [9] Muri uru rubanza harasuzumwa ikibazo cyo kumenya niba hari inenge ziri mu bimeyetso byashingiweho n’Urukiko mu kwemeza ko Gasangwa Jean Marie Vianney, ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gusambanya U.S. II. ISESENGURA RY’IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA Kumenya niba hari inenge ziri mu bimeyetso byashingiweho n’Urukiko mu kwemeza ko Gasangwa Jean Marie Vianney, ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gusambanya U.S. [10] Gasangwa Jean Marie Vianney avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru/Urugereko rwa Nyanza rwitaye ku bimenyetso bishinja gusa rubogamira ku Bushinjacyaha kandi nta kimenyetso gifatika bufite, nyamara itegeko rivuga ko mu gukurikirana icyaha cyakozwe, ubugenzacyaha n’ubushinjacyaha bigomba kwita ku bimenyetso bishinja ndetse n’ibishinjura. Asaba uru Rukiko ko rwakwita ku busabe bwe bw’iperereza ku makimbirane asanzwe afitanye n’umukobwa we umushinja kumusambanyiriza umwana, no kumenya impamvu atapimishijwe ngo raporo ya muganga igaragaze ko ari we wasambanyije uyu mwana koko. [11] Uregwa asobanura ko uwo munsi yari yiriwe ahinga mu rutoki hamwe n’umugore we na nyina w’uyu mwana bivugwa ko yahohoteye, ahabasiga agiye kwahira ubwatsi, asanga uwo mwana akina na bagenzi be, ko rero atari kumusambanya ari kumwe n’abandi bana. Avuga ko amaze kwahira ubwatsi yagarutse iwe akahava agiye gutumirira ubukwe yari afite, ko atari atorotse. [12] Me Mana Jean Paul, umwunganira, agaragaza ko mu manza zabanje hatitawe ku myiregurire y’uwo yunganira cyane cyane ibyerekeye akagambane yakorewe n’umukobwa we Kubwimana Constantine bitewe n’imitungo ashaka kwigarurira ndetse bikaba bimaze igihe kinini, n’inzego z’ibanze zizi ayo makimbirane. Avuga ko mu nzego z’Iperereza (mu bugenzacyaha no mu bushinjacyaha) yagiye asaba ko hakorwa iperereza ryimbitse zikagera kuri terrain, zikabaza

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ubuyobozi bw’ibanze ishingiro ry’ibyo avuga ariko ntibyakorwa ndetse no mu Rukiko ntibyahabwa agaciro. [13] Me Mana Jean Paul anenga ubuhamya bwashingiweho akavuga ko iyo usesenguye imvugo z’ababajijwe bose, uhita ubona ko ibyo bavuga batabihagazeho usibye kuba barabibwiwe, cyane cyane ko nta wemeza ko yabonye amaraso cyangwa ikindi kimenyetso, ndetse hakaba nta nzego z’ibanze zahageze byibuze ngo zikore raporo igaragaza ibyo zabonye. Asobanura ko nyina w’umwana yemeje ko yatashye umwana akamubwira ko yasambanyijwe na sekuru akava amaraso menshi, akibaza uburyo atabonye amaraso na make nk’ahantu yaramaze kumeneka kuko bivugira ko yari menshi ndetse akaba nta gihe kinini cyari kimaze gutambuka ibyo bibaye. Anenga kandi imvugo z’umwana wahohotewe akavuga ko urebye uburyo asobanura ibyamukorewe n’iminota byamaze, bigaragara ko ibyo avuga ari ibyo nyina yamushyizemo; ko imvugo z’uwo umwana zirimo kwivuguruza kuko hamwe avuga ko yasambanyijwe yegetswe ku nzu nk’uko umutangabuhamya Mukakabera yabisobanuye, ahandi akavuga ko yakuwemo ikariso arambikwa hasi ndetse na Sekuru akuramo imyenda aramusambaya. Akemeza ko rero imvugo z’abatangabuhamya zitari zihagije ngo Inkiko zibanza zihamye uwo yunganira icyaha. [14] Me Mana Jean Paul avuga ko nk’uko umuhanga witwa Louise Morales yabisobanuye akarangabusugi gashobora kuvanwaho n’impamvu zitandukanye zirimo: - horseback riding (Kugendera ku ifarashi) - gymnastics (imyitozo ngororamubiri), - cycling (Gutwara igare), - using tampons (uburyo bumwe bwo gukuramo imihango mu gitsina mu gihe cy’imihango). Bityo Urukiko rukaba rwaremeje ko kakuweho na Gasangwa JMV, kandi nta kimenyetso rwagaragarijwe cyemeza koko ko ari we. Akavuga ko niba ibyo Urukiko rwavuze ko umwana yapimwe amaze gukaraba ari ukuri, ibyo Raporo ya muganga ivuga byose bidakwiye guhabwa agaciro kuko byaba byuzuyemo ibinyoma no gushidikanya gukabije, bityo ikaba itakabaye ishingirwaho. Ashingiye kuri ibyo asaba uru Rukiko kwemeza ko ibimenyetso byashingiweho n’Urukiko Rukuru bitera gushidikanya, kandi kukaba kurengera uregwa, aho kuvuga ko yananiwe kubivuguruza. [15] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha we avuga ko impamvu z’ubujurire za Gasangwa JMV zitagomba guhabwa ishingiro kuko usibye kugaragaza ko hari ibibazo yari afitanye n’umukobwa we, atagaragaza aho bihurira n’isambanywa ry’uriya mwana U.S. cyane ko nk’umuntu biriranywe mu rugo atabasha kugaragaza ko hari undi wabikoze utari we, ko ibyo avuga ko atiriwe mu rugo atigeze abigaragaza mbere mu ibazwa rye, abivugiye bwa mbere muri uru Rukiko nabwo mu gihe cyo kuburana. Avuga ko iperereza asaba ku mibanire ye n’umukobwa we Kubwimana, ntacyo ryaba rimaze igihe cyose atagaragaza ko uwo mwana hari undi muntu waba waramusambanyije. [16] Uhagarariye ubushinjacyaha yongeraho ko Gasangwa JMV atabasha kuvuguruza ibyashingiweho n’Urukiko rumuhamya icyaha nk’uko rwabyemeje mu gika cya 11 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, aribyo : imvugo z’umwana wasambanyijwe, iz’abatangabuhamya bamugezeho cyane uwitwa Kuradusenge Nadine wahageze mbere y’abandi akamwereka ikariso iriho amaraso ndetse na raporo ya muganga ishimangira ko akarangabusugi k’umwana kangiritse, kandi igitsina cye cyandujwe n’amaraso mashyashya “hymen déchirée à 6h & 4h avec vulve à Cavité vaginal souillée de sang rouge vif”, n’imvugo za Gasangwa wemera ko yiriranywe n’umwana, ndetse n’imyitwarire ye nyuma y’uko umwana agaragaje ko yamusambanyije akamwangiza yo guhita ahunga agafatirwa mu Karere ka Gisagara. Bityo akaba asaba kwemeza ko ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite.

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UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [17] Muri uru rubanza impaka zishingiye ku kumenya niba hari inenge zigaragara mu bimenyetso byashingiweho n’inkiko zabanje. [18] Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Huye n’Urukiko Rukuru/urugereko rwa Nyanza zahamije Gasangwa Jean Marie Vianney icyaha cyo gusambanya U.S. zishingiye ku mvugo y’umwana wahohotewe, iya nyina wasanze umwana yameseye mu nzu akanamubwira ibyamubayeho, iz’abatangabuhamya bahageze bikimara kumenyakana, raporo ya muganga igaragaza ibimenyetso ko umwana yasambanyijwe, kuba Gasangwa Jean Marie Vianney yarahise acika ntiyongere kurara mu rugo ubwo byari bimaze kumenyekana, ndetse n’imyitwarire yari asanganywe yo gutereta abana b’abakobwa b’abangavu. [19] Mu ibazwa rya Gasangwa Jean Marie Vianney mu Bugenzacyaha, yahakanye ibyo ashinjwa avuga ko ari umugambi wacuzwe n’umukobwa we ushaka kumutwara imitungo ye irimo n’inzu, ko uwo mukobwa bafitanye amakimbirane kandi ko bamaze kuburana imanza zigera kuri ebyiri. Yasobanuye ko uwo mukobwa we babana, ko yamuhaye icyumba abanamo n’abana be batandatu. Abajijwe icyo yari yagiye gukora Gisagara aho yafatiwe yabanje gusubiza ko yavuye iwe kuwa gatandatu agiye kwahira ku gishanga akagaruka akarara iwe mu rugo. Umugenzacyaha yamubajije impamvu abaturage bavuga ko kuva yashinjwa gusambanya umwuzukuru we yahise agenda atagarutse mu rugo rwe, ahindura imvugo noneho avuga ko ataraye iwe, ahubwo yaraye Katarara kwa se umubyara, ku cyumweru ajya ahitwa Gisagara agiye ku muhungu we witwa Habineza Jean Pierre kumubwira iby' ubukwe ndetse no kwa mwishywa we Foromina. Asobanura ko icyatumye atarara iwe umunsi bamushinja gusambanya umwana ari uko bwamwiriyeho kandi yanyweye inzoga agatinya ko irondo ryamufata. [20] Uru rukiko rurasanga izi mvugo zinyuranye n’izo yavugiye muri uru rukiko ko yavuye iwe ari uko agiye gutumira I Gisagara, ibyo kuba yarabanje kurara kwa se ntiyabivuze. Rurasanga kandi bitumvikana uburyo, umubyeyi wumvise amakuru ko umwuzukuru we yasambanyije, ndetse ari we uri gushinjwa icyo cyaha, yatinyuka kujya gutumira, no kwinywera inzoga azi neza ko asize ikibazo kiremereye gityo iwe mu rugo. Byongeye kandi mu ibazwa rya nyina w’umwana yavuze ko yasabye uyu musaza ko bajyana kwa muganga bagapimishwa niba koko ntacyo yishinja, undi aho kubyemera ahitamo kuva mu rugo ntawe abwiye aho yerekeje. Uru rukiko rurasanga nk’uko inkiko zibanza zabibonye, ibi bigaragaza ko uyu musaza yavuye iwe atorotse koko. [21] Uru rukiko rurasanga kandi mu ibazwa rya nyina w’umwana yarasobanuye amakimbirane yari asanzwe afitanye na se umubyara, wari warigeze kumukubita ndetse akanamutera icyuma, ariko ko bari bariyunze, byumvikana ko ntacyo iperereza uregwa akomeza kwitsitsaho ryari kungura urubanza, kuko yaba we, yaba na nyina w’umwana ntibahakana ko koko bari barigeze kugirana amakimbirane. Ahubwo uregwa niwe utarabashije kugaragaza ihuriro riri hagati y’ayo makimbirane yagiranye n’uwo mukobwa we, n’ikibazo cyo gusambanywa cy’umwuzukuru we, kuko atagaragaza ko umwuzukuru we nawe yari afite impamvu yo kumushinja, cyangwa ngo agaragaze ko muganga wapimye uyu mwana, hari icyo bapfaga ku buryo yaba yaragaragaje ko umwana afite amaraso mu gitsina, akarangabusugi ke kangiritse, kandi ko mu gitsina cye hinjiramo intoki ebyiri, no gukoramo bikaba bibabaza umwana kandi ko izo ntoki zigaruka zigaragaraho amaraso, atari ko biri. Kuba rero imvugo z’umwana ndetse n’iz’abo yabwiye ibyamubayeho,

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zishyigikiwe na raporo ya muganga, Urukiko rusanga zaragombaga kumuhamya icyaha kandi imyiregurire ya Gasangwa Jean Marie Vianney nayo irimo guhuzagurika; bityo hakaba nta kosa inkiko zabanje zakoze mu kwemeza ko yakoze icyaha ashinjwa. [22] Gasangwa Jean Marie Vianney anenga kandi kuba atarapimishijwe ngo hagaragare ko yasambanyije uriya mwana, Urukiko rusanga ariko ibyo bitari gukunda kuko uretse no kuba yarahise acika ikibazo kitarakemuka, akigira mu zindi gahunda nk’uko abivuga, umwana nawe yari yamaze koga, ku buryo bitari koroha gukora ibyo bizami. Ibyo ariko ntibitesha agaciro ibindi bimenyetso byashingiweho kuko raporo ya muganga atari kamara mu guhamya uregwa icyaha2. Ku bijyanye n’ibyo avuga ko ntawemeza ko yabonye amaraso mu gihe umwana yivugira ko yavuye amaraso menshi, dusanga nta shingiro byahabwa kuko umutangabumya mugenzi w’umwana witwa KURADUSENGE Nadine ahamya ko uyu mwana yamweretse amaraso yari ku ikariso ye mbere yo kuyimesa. Ndetse na muganga akaba yaremeje ko mu gihe yamupimaga yasanze amaraso mu gitsina cye. [23] Kuba avuga ko abatangabuhamya bose bavuga ibyo babwiwe nabyo nta shingiro bifite kuko mu rukiko umutangabuhamya avuga ibyo yiboneye cyangwa ibyo yumvise mu buryo butaziguye, ariko urukiko ari rwo rwonyine rusuzuma mu bushishozi bwarwo icyizere cyangwa ireme bukwiye guhabwa3. Byongeye kandi nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru si imvugo z’abatangabuhamya gusa zashingiweho kuko hashingiwe no kuri raporo ya muganga ndetse n’imvugo z’uregwa aho ahindagura ibisobanuro buri uko abajijwe, nabyo bigaragaza ko ubwe hari icyo yishinjaga. [24] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rushingiye kuri ibi bisobanuro rurasanga nta kosa Inkiko zibanza zakoze zemeza ko Gasangwa Jean Marie Vianney ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gusambanya U.S w’imyaka 12. Bityo Ubujurire bwe bukaba nta shingiro bufite. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [25] Rwemeje ko Ubujurire bwa Gasangwa Jean Marie Vianney nta shingiro bufite; [26] Rwemeje ko imikirize y’urubanza RPA 01067/2020/HC/NYZ, rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru/Urugereko rwa Nyanza ku wa 27/02/2024, idahindutse; [27] Rwemeje ko igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu Gasangwa Jean Marie Vianney yahanishijwe n’Urukiko Rukuru Urugereko rwa NYANZA kigumyeho; [28] Rutegetse ko Gasangwa Jean Marie Vianney asonewe gutanga amagarama y’urubanza kuko aburana afunze.

2 Ibi byatanzweho umurongo mu rubanza Nº RPAA 00433/2022/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 22/01/2024, Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Ayingeneye Butsuri Franҫois rwemeje ko Ikimenyetso cya “expertise médicale” (raporo ya muganga) gishobora kuba kimwe mu bimenyetso ariko atari cyo nshinganwa Urukiko rushingiraho kugira ngo ruce urubanza …. 3 Ibi byatanzweho umurongo mu manza nyinshi zitandukanye zaciwe n’uru rukiko harimo RPA 00001/2022/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 14/02/2025, Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Mugimba Jean-Baptiste.