UBUSHINJACYAHA v. IYAMUREMYE

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v. IYAMUREMYE

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2024-12-13 - Case/document no.: RPA/GEN 00005/2021/CA – CBM RPA/GEN00006/2021/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v. IYAMUREMYE [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPA/GEN 00005/2021/CA – CBM RPA/GEN 00006/2021/CA (Rugabirwa, P.J., Mukamurenzi na Kaliwabo, J.) 13 Ukuboza 2024] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’Inshinjabyaha – Inyandiko y’ibirego – Ibyaha uregwa ashinjwa kimwe n’ibikorwa bifatika bishyigikira ibyo birego bigomba gusobanurwa ku buryo buhagije mu nyandiko y’ibirego kugira ngo uregwa amenyeshwe neza ibyo ashinjwa. Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’Inshinjabyaha – Kwivuguruza kw’abatangabuhamya – Kuba abatangabuhamya bakwivuguruza cyangwa ntibahurize nko ku matariki ibyo batangaho ubuhamya byabereye, ku masaha, ku myambaro uregwa yari yambaye, ku ntwaro yari afite, aho yari ahagaze, cyangwa iyo ubuhamya umutangabuhamya yatangiye mu Rukiko budahuye neza n’ibyo yavuze mbere, ntibifatwa nk’inenge ikabije yatesha agaciro ubuhamya bwe, ahubwo izo ni inenge ntoya zitatesha agaciro ireme ryabwo, kuko bitewe n’igihe kiba gishize, bishoboka ko hari ibyo umutangabuhamya atakwibuka neza. Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’Inshinjabyaha – Impurirane y’impamvu nyoroshyacyaha n’impamvu nkomezacyaha – Itangwa ry’igihano – impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zigenwa n’Urukiko mu bushishozi bwarwo, ariko impamvu nkomezacyaha ziba ziteganywa n’itegeko, cyangwa se Ubushinjacyaha bugatanga ibimenyetso bigaragaza ku buryo budashidikanywaho impamvu uwahamwe n’icyaha agomba guhabwa igihano kinini. Incamake y’ ikibazo : Iyamuremye Jean Claude bita Nzinga yakurikiranyweho n’Ubushinjacyaha icyaha cya jenoside kubera uruhare yagize mu bitero byishe Abatutsi benshi ahantu hatandukanye i Gahanga, muri ETO Kicukiro, ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro, i Nyanza ya Kicukiro no mu Rubirizi aho bise “CND‟ hiciwe Abatutsi bari bavanywe aho bari bahungiye kwa Konseye Biziyaremye François, se w’uregwa, bumuregera Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwihariye ruburanisha ibyaha byo ku rwego mpuzamahanga n’ibyambuka imbibi busaba ko yahanishwa igifungo cya burundu. Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwihariye ruburanisha ibyaha byo ku rwego mpuzamahanga n’ibyambuka imbibi, rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko Iyamuremye ahamwa n’icyaha cya jenoside rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25). Iyamuremye n’Ubushinjacyaha bajuririye mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, mu mpamvu z’ubujurire bw’Iyamuremye agaragaza ko Urukiko Rukuru rwamuhamije ibitero byabereye kwa Gatarasi Thaddée no kwa DCA atigeze aregwa cyangwa ngo abibazweho, ndetse anavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwamuhamije ibitero byishe abatutsi ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro n’i Nyanza ya Kicukiro rushingiye ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya bivuguruza kandi bavuguruzanya, ndetse rukanga guha agaciro imvugo z’abatangabuhamya bamushinjura. Ku rundi ruhande Ubushinjacyaha bwo bwajuririye igabanyagihano Iyamuremye yahawe ngo kuko nta mpamvu zifatika Urukiko rwabitangiye, ngo ko kandi rwamugabanyirije igihano rwirengagije uburemere bw’icyaha cya jenoside yakoze. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Ibyaha uregwa ashinjwa kimwe n’ibikorwa bifatika bishyigikira ibyo birego bigomba gusobanurwa ku buryo buhagije mu nyandiko y’ibirego kugira ngo uregwa amenyeshwe neza ibyo ashinjwa. Aho bishoboka, iyo nyandiko y’ibirego ivugwamo «

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n’umwirondoro w’umuntu wakorewe icyaha, igihe n’ahantu ibivugwa byabereye, kimwe n’uburyo bwifashishijwe mu gukora ibyo bikorwa ». 2. Harebwe igihe kinini kiba gishize hagati y’igihe ibikorwa bya jenoside byakoreweho n’igihe ubuhamya bwatangiwe, kuba abatangabuhamya bakwivuguruza cyangwa ntibahurize nko ku matariki ibyo batangaho ubuhamya byabereye, ku masaha, ku myambaro uregwa yari yambaye, ku ntwaro yari afite, aho yari ahagaze, cyangwa iyo ubuhamya umutangabuhamya yatangiye mu Rukiko budahuye neza n’ibyo yavuze mbere, ntibifatwa nk’inenge ikabije yatesha agaciro ubuhamya bwe, ahubwo izo ni inenge ntoya zitatesha agaciro ireme ryabwo, kuko bitewe n’igihe kiba gishize, bishoboka ko hari ibyo umutangabuhamya atakwibuka neza. 3. Mu gihe hari impurirane y’impamvu nyoroshyacyaha n’impamvu nkomezacyaha hakibazwa ibijyanye n’itangwa ry’igihano, impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zigenwa n’Urukiko mu bushishozi bwarwo, ariko impamvu nkomezacyaha ziba ziteganywa n’itegeko, cyangwa se Ubushinjacyaha bugatanga ibimenyetso bigaragaza ku buryo budashidikanywaho impamvu uwahamwe n’icyaha agomba guhabwa igihano kinini. Ubujurire bw’Iyamuremye bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe, Ubujurire bw’Ubushinjacyaha nta shingiro bufite. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda Ingingo ya 29 (1), (a). Amasezerano Mpuzamahanga yerekeye uburenganzira mu by’imbonezamubano no mu bya politiki, yemejwe n’Itegeko-teka N° 08/75 ryo ku wa 12 Gashyantare 1975, Ingingo ya 14, 3 a). Itegeko Nº 47/2013 ryo kuwa 16/06/2013 rigena kwimurira imanza muri Repubulika y’u Rwanda Ingingo ya 14, 3o Itegeko N° 062/2024 ryo ku wa 20/06/2024 rigenga ibimenyetso Ingingo ya 2, iya 53 n’iya 87 Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, Ingingo ya 183. Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, Ingingo ya 49, 58 n’iya 92. Itegeko N° 59/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 ihindura ingingo ya 60 y’Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, Ingingo ya 2. Imanza zifashishijwe: RS/INCOST/SPEC 00003/2019/SC; KABASINGA Floride vs Leta y’u Rwanda rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 04/12/2019 RPA/GEN 0001/15/CS; Ubushinjacyaha vs BANDORA Charles rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 22/03/2019 RPA/GEN 00001/2021/CA; Ubushinjacyaha vs NTAGANZWA Ladislas rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 03/03/2023 RPAA/GEN 00004/2020/CA; Ubushinjacyaha vs BIRINDABAGABO Jean Paul rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 08/04/2022 RPAA/GEN00009/2019/CA; Ubushinjacyaha vs KABILIMA Jean Damascène rwaciwe ku wa 16/10/2020 RPA/GEN 00001/2024/CA; Ubushinjacyaha vs TWAGIRAYEZU Wenceslas rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 31/07/2024

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Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude bita NZINGA wari warahungiye mu gihugu cy’Ubuholandi, yaketsweho kugira uruhare muri jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, bigeze ku wa 09/07/2013 arafatwa, nyuma y’iperereza, ku wa 12/11/2016 yoherezwa mu Rwanda kugira ngo aburanishwe. [2] Ubushinjacyaha, nyuma yo gukusanya ibimenyetso, bwamuregeye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwihariye ruburanisha ibyaha byo ku rwego mpuzamahanga n’ibyambuka imbibi1, bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cya jenoside kubera uruhare yagize mu bitero byishe Abatutsi benshi ahantu hatandukanye i Gahanga, muri ETO Kicukiro, ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro, i Nyanza ya Kicukiro no mu Rubirizi aho bise “CND‟ hiciwe Abatutsi bari bavanywe aho bari bahungiye kwa Konseye BIZIYAREMYE François, se w’uregwa, busaba ko yahanishwa igifungo cya burundu. [3] IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yaburanye ahakana icyaha aregwa, avuga ko nta ruhare yagize muri jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994, kuko yabaye akiri umusore w’umunyeshuri utari kwishora muri ubwo bwicanyi, ko ababyeyi be bari baramutoje umuco wo kubana n’abantu bose neza, kandi ko yari yarize n’umwuga w’ubutabazi ku buryo yatabaye Abatutsi benshi bari mu kaga. Yanenze imvugo z’abatangabuhamya kubera ko bivuguruza ndetse bakanavuguruzanya, asaba ko imvugo z’abatangabuhamya bamushinjura zahabwa agaciro akagirwa umwere. [4] Mbere yo kuburanisha uru rubanza mu mizi, Urukiko Rukuru rwabanje gusuzuma no gufata ibyemezo ku nzitizi zitandukanye zirimo izijyanye n’ubwunganizi n’uburenganzira bw’uregwa, gukuraho icyemezo cya Gacaca cyakatiye IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude adahari, guha abunganizi b’uregwa ubushobozi bwo gukora iperereza ry’inyongera, kumva no kurindira abatangabuhamya umutekano. [5] Urukiko Rukuru, mu rubanza RP 00001/2017/HC/HCCIC rwaciye ku wa 30/06/2021, rwasanze IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yaragize uruhare mu bikorwa by’ubwicanyi bwakorewe Abatutsi i Nyanza ya Kicukiro, ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro n’ibitero byagabwe iwabo wa DCA no kwa GATARASI Thaddée, rumuhamya icyaha cya jenoside, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25). Urukiko rwamuhamije iki cyaha rushingiye ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya barimo RUTAGENGWA François, KALINIJABO Jean Damascène, BENIMANA Ignace, MUKAYIRANGA Spéciose, MUGOREWERA Madeleine, DCB na DCA. [6] Urukiko rwasanze IYAMUREMYE adahamwa n’ubwicanyi bwakorewe Abatutsi bari barahungiye ku mashuli no ku Kiliziya by’i Gahanga n’ibyabereye muri ETO/Kicukiro kuko rwasanze ababitangiye ubuhamya nta bumenyi buhagije babifiteho. [7] Urukiko Rukuru rwamugabanyirije igihano hashingiwe ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha z’uko yakoze icyaha akiri umusore muto w’imyaka cumi n’icyenda (19) ku buryo byari byoroshye

1 Muri uru rubanza Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwihariye ruburanisha ibyaha byo ku rwego mpuzamahanga n’ibyambuka imbibi, ruritwa Urukiko Rukuru.

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kugwa mu bishuko by’icyaha, kuba hari Abatutsi yashoboye gufasha bakarokoka barimo abari barahunganye n’umuryango we ku isambu yabo i Murinja/Gahanga, hamwe n’umuryango wa KANINGU Claudien yafashije guhungira mu Kigo cya ETO/Kicukiro, ndetse no kuba hari ibikorwa bigize icyaha cya jenoside yarezwe birimo gutanga amabwiriza y’uburyo ubwicanyi bukorwa no gutwara interahamwe mu modoka zijya mu bitero, kuzana abasirikare kwica Abatutsi bari bahungiye iwabo bitamuhamye. [8] IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude n’Ubushinjacyaha bajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, ubujurire bwabo bwandikwa kuri RPA/GEN 00005/2021/CA – CBM RPA/GEN 00006/2021/CA, iburanisha rishyirwa ku wa 17/07/2024, IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yunganiwe na Me BUHURU Pierre Céléstin afatanyije na Me SEMANZA Jean Damascène, naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na NKUSI Faustin na UWANZIGA Lydia, abashinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [9] Mbere yo gusuzuma ubujurire mu mizi, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwakemuye ikibazo cy’inzitizi y’Ubushinjacyaha yo kutakira ubujurire bwa IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude kubera ko bwatanzwe impitagihe ndetse n’iyatanzwe na IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude asaba kutakira ubujurire bw’Ubushinjacyaha kubera ko bwatanze imyanzuro yabwo impitagihe. Nyuma yo kubona ko ubujurire bwa buri ruhande bwatangiwe igihe, ko ahubwo uburyo bwashyizwe muri system ya IECMS bwatumaga ababuranyi batabubona, impande zombi zemeranyijwe kureka inzitizi. Urubanza rwakomereje mu mizi yarwo, ariko iburanisha ryimurirwa ku wa 02/09/2024, ruburanishwa kugeza ku wa 05/09/2024. [10] Mu mwanzuro we, IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yatanze ingingo 11 z’ubujurire, ageze mu Rukiko, amaze kubyumvikanaho n’ubwunganizi bwe, zimwe muri zo arazireka izindi azihuriza hamwe bitewe n’isano zifitanye, asigarana ingingo enye z’ubujurire zikurikira :

- Kuba Urukiko Rukuru rwaramuhamije ibitero byabereye kwa GATARASI Thaddée no kwa DCA atigeze aregwa cyangwa ngo abibazweho ; - Kuba Urukiko Rukuru rwaranze gusesengura inyandikomvugo abatangabuhamya babarijweho na Polisi yo mu Buholandi kandi zigaragaza ukwivuguruza kwabo ; - Kuba Urukiko Rukuru rwaramuhamije ibitero byishe abatutsi ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro n’i Nyanza ya Kicukiro rushingiye ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya bivuguruza kandi bavuguruzanya, ndetse rukanga guha agaciro imvugo z’abatangabuhamya bamushinjura ; - Kuba Urukiko Rukuru rwaramuhamije icyaha cya jenoside rutabigaragarije umugambi wihariye yaba yaragize. [11] IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude asoza asaba kugirwa umwere kubera ko nta cyaha cya jenoside yakoze, ahubwo ko yakoze ubutabazi burengera Abatutsi kubera uburere yahawe n’ababyeyi be no kuba nyina umubyara nawe ari umututsikazi.

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[12] Mu gusubiza kuri izi ngingo, Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko, n’ubwo ibitero byo kwa GATARASI Thaddée no kwa DCA bitaboneka mu nyandiko itanga ikirego, nyamara ushinjwa yabyisobanuyeho mu iburanisha, ko inyandiko-mvugo za Polisi yo mu Buholandi zitashoboraga gusuzumwa kuko amazina y’abatangabuhamya yahinduwe ku bw’umutekano wabo bityo bikaba bidashoboka kumenya icyo buri wese yavuze, ndetse ushinjwa akaba yarongeyemo amagambo ku buryo umwimerere wazo utizewe. Bunavuga ko ushinjwa yisobanuye ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya babajijwe n’inzego z’u Rwanda ari nazo zashingiweho nk’ibimenyetso bimushinja. [13] Bukomeza buvuga ko nta vuguruzanya ryabaye ku batangabuhamya bamushinja, ko ahubwo buzuzanya, naho kuba bavuguruzanya ku tuntu dutoya biterwa n’igihe kirekire gishize ibyo batangira ubuhamya bibaye ndetse bikaba bidatesha ireme ubuhamya batanze. Ku birebana n’umugambi wihariye wo gukora jenoside, Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko uyu mugambi usobanuwe mu bitero byamuhamye kuko byari bigamije kurimbura Abatutsi kubera ubwoko bwabo. Busoza buvuga ko ubujurire bwa IYAMUREMYE nta shingiro bufite mu ngingo zabwo zose. [14] Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko bwajuririye igabanyagihano IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yahawe kuko nta mpamvu zifatika Urukiko rwabitangiye, ko rwemeje ko IYAMUREMYE yari muto, rwirengagije ko yakoze ibyaha ashinjwa afite imyaka 19 y’ubukure ku buryo yakoze ibyo azi kandi asobanukiwe nk’umuntu wize kandi ujijutse. Buvuga ko Urukiko rwamugabanyirije igihano rwirengagije uburemere bw’icyaha cya jenoside yakoze, ko kandi rwemeje ko IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yatabaye bamwe mu bahigwaga nyamara atari byo, ko ahubwo yabakusanyirije hamwe kugira ngo byorohere abicanyi kugera ku ntego yabo. Bwasoje busaba ko IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yahanishwa igifungo cya burundu kuko nta mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha yatuma agabanyirizwa igihano. [15] Kuri iyi ngingo y’ubujurire bw’Ubushinjacyaha, IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude n’ubwunganizi bwe bavuga ko, uretse no kuba ushinjwa yaragombaga kugirwa umwere kuko nta cyaha yakoze, Urukiko rwasobanuye neza impamvu rwatanze igabanyagihano kandi ko Ubushinjacyaha butashoboye kuzivuguruza, bityo ko ubujurire bwabwo bukwiye guteshwa agaciro, akagirwa umwere. [16] Kuri uru rwego, Urukiko rurasuzuma impamvu z’ubujurire zatanzwe na IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude nk’uko zarondowe mu gika cya 10, ndetse runasuzume niba Urukiko Rukuru rwarakoze ikosa ryo kumugabanyiriza igihano nta mpamvu rubitangiye.

II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA A. UBUJURIRE BWA IYAMUREMYE JEAN CLAUDE BITA NZINGA

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1. Kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwarahamije IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude ibitero atigeze aregwa cyangwa ngo abibazweho

Imiburanire ya IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude n’abamwunganira [17] IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude n’abamwunganira ari bo Me SEMANZA Jean Damascène na Me BUHURU Pierre Célestin banenga icyemezo cy’Urukiko Rukuru bavuga ko yahamijwe igitero cyabereye kwa GATARASI Thaddée n’icyabereye iwabo wa DCA nyamara bitari mu bitero yarezwe, ndetse akaba ataranabibajijweho. Bavuga ko inyandiko y’ikirego yashyikirijwe Urukiko Rukuru igaragaza ibitero akurikiranyweho aribyo: icyabereye muri Eto/ Kicukiro, icyabereye ku Kigo nderabuzima cya Kicukiro, icyabereye i Nyanza ya Kicukiro, icyabereye i Gahanga n’icyabereye kwa Conseiller BIZIYAREMYE (umubyeyi wa IYAMUREMYE); ndetse n’Urukiko rubigarukaho mu miterere y’urubanza2. Basobanura ko ibirebana n’igitero cyabereye kwa GATARASI Thaddée n’icyabereye iwabo wa DCA byanagarutsweho mu iburanisha bikubiwe mu gitero cyabereye kwa BIZIYAREMYE, bakaba basanga ibi bitero bikwiye kuvanwa mu rubanza IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yaciriwe kuko atabirezwe.

Imiburanire y’Ubushinjacyaha [18] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko iyi ngingo y’ubujurire bwe nta shingiro ifite, kuko icyaha cya jenoside IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude akurikiranyweho kigizwe n’ibitero bitandukanye kandi ko byose bitarondowe mu nyandiko itanga ikirego, ahubwo bikaba bikwiye kumvikana ko biri mu bindi bitero bitavuzwe, bigaragazwa n’aho bwakoresheje ijambo “n’ibindi bitero”, ko icyangombwa ari uko yabiburanyeho nk’uko biboneka mu gika cya 98 n’ibigikurikira by’urubanza rujuririrwa, kandi mu iburanisha ry’urubanza akaba atarabyukije iyo nzitizi, bityo icyemezo yafatiwe kuri ibi bitero kikaba kigomba kugumaho kuko uburenganzira bw’umuburanyi mu kwisobanura bwubahirijwe. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [19] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba igitero cyabereye kwa GATARASI Thaddée n’icyabereye iwabo wa DCA bigomba kumvikana ko bikubiye mu bindi bitero bigaragazwa mu ijambo “n’ibindi bitero” nk’uko bivugwa n’Ubushinjacyaha, no kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwaragombaga kubiburanisha kandi bitavugwa mu nyandiko itanga ikirego ndetse n’ushinjwa atarabibajijweho. [20] Ingingo ya 29 (1), (a) y’Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda iteganya ko buri muntu afite uburenganzira ku butabera buboneye burimo kumenyeshwa imiterere n’impamvu z’icyaha akurikiranyweho, kwiregura no kunganirwa. [21] Ingingo ya 14, 3 a), y’Amasezerano Mpuzamahanga yerekeye uburenganzira mu by’imbonezamubano no mu bya politiki, yemejwe n’Itegeko-teka N° 08/75 ryo ku wa 12

2 Reba igika cya 2 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa.

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Gashyantare 1975 ateganya ko uregwa afite uburenganzira bwo kumenyeshwa bidatinze, mu rurimi yumva kandi mu magambo arambuye, imiterere n’ishingiro ry’ibyo aregwa. [22] Ingingo ya 14, 3o y’Itegeko Nº 47/2013 ryo kuwa 16/06/2013 rigena kwimurira imanza muri Repubulika y’u Rwanda iteganya ko bitabangamiye ubundi burenganzira butangwa n’amategeko yo mu Rwanda arimo Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda ryo ku wa 04 Kamena 2003, nk’uko ryavuguruwe kugeza ubu, amategeko yerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha mu Rwanda n’Amasezerano Mpuzamahanga yerekeye uburenganzira mu by’imbonezamubano no mu bya politiki, nk’uko yemejwe n’Itegeko- teka N° 08/75 ryo ku wa 12 Gashyantare 1975, uregwa mu rubanza rwimuriwe mu Rwanda ruvuye muri TPIR, mu Rwego cyangwa mu bindi bihugu, afite uburenganzira bwo kumenyeshwa bidatinze, mu rurimi yumva kandi mu magambo arambuye, imiterere n’ishingiro ry’ibyo aregwa; [23] Ku birebana n’uburenganzira ku butabera buboneye, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga, mu rubanza RS/INCOST/SPEC 00003/2019/SC rwaciye ku wa 04/12/2019, rwatanze umurongo uvuga ko, uburenganzira ku butabera buboneye butangirana n’ibikorwa by’iperereza, bugakomereza ku bikorwa by’ikurikiranacyaha, iby’iburanisha n’itangwa ry’ibihano ku byaha biteganyijwe n’amategeko ahana3. [24] Mu guhuza uwo umurongo ku butabera buboneye n’ubujurire bwa IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga, kumenyeshwa ibigize icyaha aregwa no kubyisobanuraho, ari uburenganzira ku butabera buboneye yari afite kandi bukaba bwaragombaga kubahirizwa kuva agikorwaho iperereza. [25] Ingingo ya 93 y’Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu, iteganya ko bimwe mu bigomba kugaragara mu nyandiko itanga ikirego ari ibisobanuro ku nyito y’icyaha, itegeko rigihana n’aho yagikoreye (3º) n’ibikorwa bigize icyaha n’ibimenyetso byacyo (8º). [26] Iyi ngingo yumvikanisha ko inyandiko itanga ikirego igomba kurondora ku buryo bwumvikana, ni ukuvuga butaziguye, inyito y’icyaha Ubushinjacyaha bukurikiranyeho uregwa, ibikorwa bigize icyaha n’ibimenyetso bushingiraho burega. [27] Mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga rwashyiriweho u Rwanda, Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwagiye rwibutsa ko ibyaha uregwa ashinjwa kimwe n’ibikorwa bifatika bishyigikira ibyo birego bigomba gusobanurwa ku buryo buhagije mu nyandiko y’ibirego kugira ngo uregwa amenyeshwe neza ibyo ashinjwa, ko mu mwanzuro warwo, Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rushobora guhamya uregwa ibyaha ashinjwa mu nyandiko y’ibirego gusa. Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwanavuze ko ibikorwa bigize icyaha uregwa yakoze ubwe nka gatozi bigomba kuvugwa mu buryo bwumvikana mu nyandiko y’ibirego. Aho bishoboka, iyo nyandiko y’ibirego ivugwamo « n’umwirondoro w’umuntu wakorewe icyaha, igihe n’ahantu ibivugwa byabereye, kimwe n’uburyo bwifashishijwe mu gukora ibyo bikorwa ». Inyandiko y’ibirego iba ifite inenge iyo itarimo ibisobanuro bihagije ku byabaye biregerwa4.

3 Reba igika cya 14 cy’urubanza RS/INCOST/SPEC 00003/2019/SC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 04/12/2019, haburana KABASINAGA Floride na Leta y’uRwanda. 4 Case no ICTR-97-36A-A, Le Procureur c/ MUNYAKAZI Yussuf, TPIR, 28/09/2011, par.36, & case no ICTR-200055A-A, Le Procureur c/ MUVUNYI Tharcisse, TPIR, 0104/2011, Par.19.

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[28] Nk’uko inyandiko itanga ikirego yo ku wa 15/06/2017 ibigaragaza, Ubushinjacyaha bwarondoye ibikorwa bigize icyaha cya jenoside bukurikiranyeho IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude aribyo : igitero cy’i Gahanga, igitero cyo kuri ETO/Kicukiro, igitero cy’i Nyanza ya Kicukiro, ubwicanyi bwo ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro n’iyicwa ry’Abatutsi bari bahungiye kwa BIZIYAREMYE François. Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga muri iyi nyandiko itanga ikirego, nta hantu havugwa igitero cyabereye kwa GATARASI Thaddée n’icyabereye iwabo wa DCA, ndetse nta n’ahantu haboneka ijambo “n’ibindi bitero” nk’interuro yuzuza ibitero byarondowe nk’uko biburanishwa n’Ubushinjacya. [29] Kubera iyo mpamvu, Urukiko rurasanga kuba Urukiko Rukuru rwaraburanishije IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude ku bikorwa birebana n’igitero cyabereye kwa GATARASI Thaddée n’icyabereye iwabo wa DCA nk’ibikorwa bigize icyaha cya jenoside akurikiranyweho, rukanabimuhamya kandi inyandiko itanga ikirego itagaragaza ko yabirezwe, binyuranyije n’ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 93 y’Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryavuzwe haruguru, kandi bikaba binyuranyije n’uburenganzira ku butabera buboneye umuburanyi yemererwa n’Itegeko Nshinga n’andi matageko; bityo Urukiko Rukuru rukaba rwarakoze ikosa ryo guhamya IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude ibyo bitero kandi atarabirezwe.

2. Kumenya niba IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yarahamijwe icyaha hashingiwe ku batangabuhamya bivuguruza bakanavuguruzanya, hadahawe agaciro ubuhamya bumushinjura.

2.1 Kumenya niba hari ikosa ryakozwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ryo kudashingira ku nyandiko zavuye mu gihugu cy’Ubuholandi zigaragaza ko abatangabuhamya bivuguruza.

Imiburanire ya IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude n’abamwunganiye [30] IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude n’abamwunganira bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwirengagije gusuzuma imvugo z’abatangabuhamya babajijwe na Polisi y’igihugu cy’Ubuholandi nyamara zari kumubera ikimenyetso kimushinjura, kubera ko abatanze ubwo buhamya bivuguruje imbere y’Ubugenzacyaha bw’u Rwanda ndetse no mu Rukiko. Bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rutari kwitwaza ko rutashoboraga kumenya amazina y’abatanze ubuhamya mu Buholandi kubera ko yahinduwe ku mpamvu z’umutekano wabo, nyamara Polisi y’igihugu cy’Ubuholandi yo yaramuhamirije ko abatangabuhamya bamushinja ari bamwe n’abo Ubushinjacyaha bushingiraho bumurega, ko icyari gisigaye kwari ukugereranya imvugo zabo mu nzego zose babarijwemo. [31] Bakomeza bavuga ko, n’ubwo umwimerere w’inyandiko mvugo zivugwa uri mu rurimi rw’igiholandi zahinduwe mu cyongereza no mu gifaransa ku buryo bituma Urukiko rusobanukirwa n’ibizikubiyemo. Basaba uru Rukiko gukosora iryo kosa ryakozwe mu rubanza rujuririrwa, ivuguruzanya riboneka mu mvugo z’abatangabuhamya bamwe rikamubera ikimenyetso kimurenganura. Naho ku byo Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko hari ibyo yongeye muri izo nyandiko atari byo, kuko icyo yakoze ari orientation yashakaga guha Urukiko kugira ngo bizarworohere

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kuzikoresha, ibyo akaba ari nka za “cotes” yagaragaje no guhuza amazina y’abatangabuhamya b’Ubushinjacyaha n’ababajijwe na Polisi y’igihugu cy’Ubuhorandi.

Imiburanire y’Ubushinjacyaha [32] Abahagarariye Ubushinjacyaha bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwaciye urubanza rushingiye ku bimenyetso byakusanyijwe n’Ubushinjacyaha bw’ u Rwanda, ko muri ibi bimenyetso ntabyavuye mu gihugu cy’Ubuholandi, ko inyandiko IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude avuga ari we wazishakiye akanazisemuza ku buryo ntawakwizera umwimerere wazo, kuko hari ibyo ahuza na dosiye y’Urukiko ku buryo bugaragarira buri wese ko bitakozwe na Polisi y’igihugu cy’Ubuholandi, ko amazina y’ababajijwe atamenyekana kubera ko yahinduwe mu nyungu z’umutekano w’ababajijwe, bityo ko yagombye kwisobanura ku bimenyetso byatanzwe n’Urwego rumushinja, aho gusaba ko hasesengurwa ibimenyetso bidafite aho bihuriye n’urubanza. [33] Abahagarariye Ubushinjacyaha basoza bavuga ko bemeranywa n’ibyavuzwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ko izo nyandiko zitafatwa nk’ibimenyetso mu rubanza, ko basaba n’uru Rukiko kuzabona ko ntacyo zafasha kuko IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude ari we wagiye ufata ibyo akuye muri kopi y’urubanza akavuga ko byavuzwe na kanaka mu Buholandi, abikuye mu nyandiko yazanye kandi zisibasibye. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [34] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwarakoze ikosa ryo kudashingira ku nyandikomvugo z’abatangabuhamya zakozwe na Polisi y’Ubuholandi nyamara zari kubera IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude ibimenyetso bimushinjura, kuko bigaragaza ko abatangabuhamya bivuguruza, bakanavuguruzanya. [35] Ingingo ya 51 y’Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, iteganya ko buri rupapuro rw’inyandikomvugo rushyirwaho umukono n’Umugenzacyaha cyangwa Umushinjacyaha n’uwabajijwe. Uwabajijwe asabwa gusoma imvugo ye uko yanditswe nyuma akayishyiraho umukono cyangwa igikumwe iyo ayemeye. Iyo atazi gusoma, baramusomera. Iyo yanze cyangwa adashobora gushyiraho umukono cyangwa igikumwe, byandikwa mu nyandikomvugo. [36] Mu rubanza RPA/GEN 00001/2024/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 31/07/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na TWAGIRAYEZU Wenceslas hemejwe ko Urukiko Rukuru rwakoze amakosa yo gutesha agaciro ubuhamya bwatangiwe mu Rukiko, mu Bushinjacyaha no mu Bugenzacyaha rushingira ku nyandiko zikubiyemo ibyo umutangabuhamya yabwiye Polisi ya Denmark, kandi izo nyandiko zitujuje ibisabwa nk’inyandikomvugo y’umutangabuhamya ikoreshwa nk’ikimenyetso mu rubanza, kuko abazwa atabanje kurahira, n’uwamusemuriraga nawe ntiyarahira mbere yo gutangira akazi, ndetse umutangabuhamya akaba ataranasabwe gushyira umukono ku nyandiko yakozwe5.

5 Reba igika cya 184 cy’urwo rubanza.

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[37] Nk’uko bigaragara mu gika cya 13 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru rwasesenguye ikibazo kijyanye n’inyandikomvugo z’abatangabuhamya babajijwe na Polisi y’igihugu cy’Ubuholandi IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude n’abunganizi be bashingiraho nk’ibimenyetso bimushinjura, rusanga zarakiriwe nk’uko ingingo ya 110 y’Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha ibiteganya6, rusanga ariko kuba abatangabuhamya babajijwe na Polisi y’Ubuholandi bose barabajijwe bahawe andi mazina (pseudonymes) mu rwego rwo kubarindira umutekano bitarushobokera kumenya niba imyirondoro n’imvugo byabo ari iby’abatangabuhamya anenga ko bivuguruje mu nzego z’iperereza z’u Rwanda no mu Rukiko ku buryo rutazishingiraho nk’ibimenyetso mu rubanza. [38] Muri dosiye y’urubanza harimo inyandiko zatanzwe na IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude zirimo inyandiko yabonye binyuze muri Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’amahanga nyuma yo kuzigezwaho na Ambassade y’Ubuholandi. Izo nyandiko zikaba zigizwe na raporo y’iperereza ryakozwe na Polisi y’Ubuholandi mbere y’uko IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yoherezwa kuburanira mu Rwanda, ndetse n’inyandikomvugo y’ibazwa ry’abatangabuhamya babajijwe n’Ubugenzacyaha n’Ubushinjacyaha bw’u Rwanda ubwo yarimo akorwaho ipererereza ariko bigaragara ko amazina y’ababajijwe yasibwe, ndetse hakaba hari n’izagiye zihindurwa mu rurimi rw’igiholandi. [39] Muri izo nyandiko harimo kandi inyandikomvugo (procѐs verbaux) ziri mu rurimi rw’igiholandi, zahinduwe mu cyongereza, mu gifaransa, ndetse harimo n’izahinduwe mu Kinyarwanda. Izo nyandiko bigaragara ko zakozwe n’abakoraga iperereza bo mu gihugu cy’Ubuholandi ku biganiro bagiranye n’abatangabuhamya bahawe andi mazina (peusdonymes) aribo FST, CZD, HGF, KSD, za, BCF, zivugwamo ko mu kuzikora hifashishijwe umusemuzi kandi ko ikiganiro cyari mu rwego rwo gutanga makuru (the discussion had an orientating character), cyanditse mu magambo make (in summary). [40] Ku byerekeranye n’inyandikomvugo zakozwe n’Ubugenzacyaha ndetse n’Ubushinjacyaha bw’u Rwanda aho umwirondoro w’ababajijwe wasibwe, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rusanga, n’ubwo izo nyandikomvugo zohererejwe IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude zivuye mu Buholandi amazina y’ababajijwe yarasibwe, ariko umwimerere wazo uri muri dosiye y’Ubushinjacyaha bwatanze burega ku buryo IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yagize umwanya wo kuzisobanuraho kuko zari zisanzwe muri dosiye nk’ibimenyetso Ubushinjacyaha bushingiraho bumurega. [41] Ku byerekeye inyandiko zakozwe n’Abapolisi7 baje gukora iperereza mu Rwanda IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude avuga ko ari ibimenyetso bimushinjura, ngo kuko bigaragaza ko abatangabuhamya Ubushinjacyaha bushingiraho bumurega bivuguruza bakanavuguruzanya, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga izo nyandiko zitarirengagijwe nk’uko abivuga, ahubwo Urukiko Rukuru rwarazisuzumye rusanga zitashingirwaho nk’ikimenyetso mu rubanza kuko ababajijwe bahawe andi mazina mu rwego rwo kubarindira umutekano, ku buryo bitarushobokeye kumenya niba ibikubiye muri izo nyandiko ari ibyavuzwe n’abatangabuhamya IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude anenga ko bivuguruje.

6 Iyo ngingo iteganya ko «igihe cyose, Umucamanza agomba kwakira no gusuzuma ibimenyetso byose ababuranyi batanze bashinja cyangwa biregura, byo guhamya imvugo yabo». 7 National Unity, Department National investigation, Team international crimes (Nuvola)

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[42] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rusanga inyandiko zatanzwe na IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude zitafatwa nk’ikimenyetso kimushinjura kubera ko imyirondoro y’ababajijwe yahishwe bagahabwa andi mazina ku buryo ntakirugaragariza ku buryo budashidikanywaho ko ari iz’abo azitirira, kuba ababajijwe batarazishyizeho imikono no kuba umwimerere wazo uri mu rurimi rw’igiholandi kandi ibikubiyemo byaranditswe mu buryo bw’incamake, ku buryo hatamenyekana niba ibizikubiyemo bihuje n’ibyavuzwe n’ababajijwe ndetse n’ibyasemuwe. Bityo izo nyandiko zakozwe na Polisi y’Ubuholandi zikaba zitafatwa nk’inyandikomvugo y’umutangabuhamya, kuko zitujuje ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 51 y’Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha. [43] Urukiko rurasanga ahubwo ibyo avuga ko abatangabuhamya bivuguruza bakanavuguruzanya, biza gusuzumwa mu bindi bice by’urubanza, harebwa n’ibindi bimenyetso biri muri dosiye birimo inyandikomvugo z’abo bakorewe mu nzego z’iperereza n’ubuhamya batangiye mu Rukiko Rukuru.

2.2 Ku byerekeye igitero cyo ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro

a) Kumenya niba abatangabuhamya bashingiweho batavugisha ukuri ku byerekeye uruhare rwa IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude mu gitero cyiciye abatutsi ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro.

Imiburanire ya IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude n’abamwunganira [44] IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude n’abamwunganira bavuga ko icyo banenga urubanza rujuririrwa ari uko Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko yagize uruhare mu gitero cyiciye Abatutsi ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro rushingiye ku buhamya bwa RUTAGENGWA François utavugisha ukuri, wivuguruza, ndetse akaba avuguruzanya n’Ubushinjacyaha aho bwavuze ko RUTAGENGWA François yiboneye ubwicanyi bwo ku Kigo Nderabuzima , bihura n’ibyo yabwiye Polisi y’Ubuholandi, aho yabajijwe yitwa CZD, ariko atanga ubuhamya mu Rukiko ahindura imvugo avuga ko atari ahari, ko yabibwiwe n’uwitwa KALINIJABO Jean Damascène utarazanwe gutanga ubuhamya mu Rukiko ngo asobanure iby’ubwo bwicanyi. [45] Bavuga kandi ko iyo barebye ibyavuzwe n’Urukiko Rukuru mu gika cya 64 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, basanga hari ibyongewe mu mvugo za KALINIJABO Jean Damascène wavuze ku ihishurwa ry’umuryango wa MUZUNGU Thomas, ariko rumwitirira ibyo atavuze by’uko abari bavuye guhishura uwo muryango bahuriye na IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude n’izindi nterahamwe ku Kigo Nderabuzima zivuye guhishura abandi bantu bari mu ngo zabo n’ahandi. Banavuga ko, n’iyo imvugo ze zidahindurwa, nta gaciro zagombaga guhabwa kuko atazanwe gutanga ubuhamya mu Rukiko, ko kuzishingiraho binyuranye n’ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 8 igika cya 2 y’Itegeko Nº 47/2013 ryo ku wa 16/6/2013 rigena kwimurira imanza muri Repubulika y’ u Rwanda iteganya ko Urukiko Rukuru rudashobora guhamya umuntu icyaha rushingiye gusa ku buhamya bwatanzwe mbere n’abatangabuhamya batigeze batanga ubuhamya mu iburanisha. [46] Bakomeza bavuga ko abatangabuhamya b’ingenzi bashingiweho kuri ubwo bwicanyi, ari KALINIJABO Jean Damascène na RUTAGENGWA Franҫois, nyamara bombi bavuguruzanya

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ku byerekeye aho IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yari ari ubwo abo Batutsi bicwaga, kuko KALINIJABO Jean Damascène avuga ko NZINGA yari kumwe n’interahamwe zari zirindiye Abatutsi ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro ngo batabacika, naho RUTAGENGWA Franҫois akavuga ko imvura ihitutse ari bwo yumvise ko abatutsi bishwe, asubira inyuma ajya gushaka aho yihisha, maze yibonera NZINGA ari mu nterahamwe zari zigiye ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro zivuye kwa Célestin ; ko ibyo bigaragaza ko atari kubera icyarimwe ahantu habiri hatandukanye, kuko umwe avuga ko yari arindiye abatutsi ku Kigo Nderabuzima kugira ngo badacika, undi akavuga ko yari mu nzira ahagana. [47] Basobanura ko abo batangabuhamya batanahuriza ku kuba yari afite imbunda, kuko mu Bushinjacyaha KALINIJABO Jean Damascène yavuze ko abarashe ari abari bafite imbunda na gerenade, ko NZINGA we yari ahari ariko ko atarashe, mu gihe RUTAGENGWA Franҫois we abazwa mu Bushinjacyaha yavuze ko yari afite Karachnikov, naho igihe yabazwaga na Polisi y’Abaholandi afite izina rya CZD avuga ko yari afite pistolet, ageze mu Rukiko yivuguruza avuga ko abarashe ari abari bafite imbunda, ko kuba yarivuguruje mu nzego eshatu yabarijwemo ku bwoko bw’imbunda yari afite n’aho yamubonye ayifite, bigaragaza ko ibyo avuga atari ukuri. Bavuga kandi ko kuba abo batangabuhamya bari ahantu hamwe ariko bakaba baravuze ibitandukanye, ubuhamya bwabo bugomba guteshwa agaciro nk’uko byemejwe mu rubanza RPAA 0034/10/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga haburana Ubushinjacyaha na GATERA aho mu gika cya 15 rwatesheje agaciro ubuhamya ku mpamvu y’ivuguruzanya, ndetse n’abahanga mu mategeko bemeje ko nta muntu ugomba guhamwa n’icyaha Ubushinjacyaha butagaragaje ibimenyetso bidatera gushidikanya. [48] Basaba Urukiko kuzabona ko imvugo za KALINIJABO Jean Damascène zituzuzanya n’ubuhamya bwa RUTAGENGWA François, ahubwo bombi bavuguruzanya, ndetse ko kuba ubuhamya bwa RUTAGENGWA François bwarateshejwe agaciro ku birebana n’ibindi bitero yari yarezwe, nk’uko biboneka mu gika cya 26 kugeza ku cya 31 no mu gika cy’i 118 by’urubanza rujuririrwa, iyi mpamvu yaragombaga gutuma Urukiko Rukuru runatesha agaciro ubuhamya bwe ku byerekeye n’igitero cyabereye ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro. [49] Bongeraho ko Urukiko Rukuru rwirengagije imiburanire ye aho yagaragaje ko ubwo abo bantu bicwaga atari ari ku Kigo Nderabuzima, ko iby’iyicwa ryabo yabimenye ubwo abantu bazaga guhuruza se, kubera ko yari konseye, bavuga ko umuhungu wa Thomas yishwe, bajyayo basanga abantu benshi bateraniye kuri « barrière » aho bitaga kuri « Etat major », maze atangira iperereza, kandi ko icyo gihe RUTAGENGWA François na KALINIJABO bari bahari, akaba ari cyo gihe bamubonye bakabyitiranya no kuba yari mu gitero cyishe Abatutsi.

Imiburanire y’Ubushinjacyaha [50] Abahagarariye Ubushinjacyaha bavuga ko ibivugwa na IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude ko abatangabuhamya RUTAGENGWA François na KALINIJABO Jean Damascène bivuguruza, bakanavuguruzanya nta shingiro bifite, kuko buri mutangabuhamya yavuze ibyo yabonye aho yari ari, bakanahuriza ku ngingo yo kuba IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yari ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro ahiciwe Abatutsi no ku babishe, ndetse n’Urukiko Rukuru mu gika cya 64 n’icya 65 by’urubanza rwajuririwe, rukaba rwarasesenguye ubuhamya bwabo rwerekana ko bwuzuzanya, kandi IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude akaba atarashoboye kubuvuguruza. Naho kuba hari ibyo

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batavuga kimwe bikaba atari inenge yatuma ubuhamya bwabo buteshwa agaciro harebwe igihe cyari gishize mbere y’uko babutanga, akaba ari byo byasobanuwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rushingiye ku murongo watanzwe mu rubanza rwa Simon BIKINDI rwaciwe ku wa 02/12/2010 n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga rwashyiriweho u Rwanda uvuga ko kwivuguruza k’umutangabuhamya bureberwa ku bintu bikomeye, bitareberwa ku bintu bito. [51] Bakomeza basobanura ko RUTAGENGWA François yavuze ko IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yari ku Kigo Nderabuzima ubwo hicirwaga Abatutsi imvura ihise, kandi ko yari mu gitero cyabishe kuko yabanje kubakusanyiriza hamwe, naho iby’uko Urukiko rutavuze ko mu buhamya bwe yavuze ko hari umuganda, byasobanuwe mu gika cya 69 n’icya 70 ko nta muganda wakozwe, ahubwo ari ibintu byari byateguwe byo kujijisha. [52] Banavuga ko inenge IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude agaragaza y’uko imvugo za KALINIJABO Jean Damascène zashingiweho kandi atarahamagajwe mu Rukiko nta shingiro ifite, kuko kuba ataratanze ubuhamya mu Rukiko bidatesha agaciro ibyo yavugiye mu nzego z’iperereza kuko Urukiko ari rwo rubiha agaciro, kandi kuba ibyo abatangabuhamya bavuze mu nzego z’iperereza bishobora gushingirwaho bitabaye ngombwa ko bahamagazwa mu Rukiko byatanzweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu rubanza RPAA/GEN 00005/19/CA haburana Ubushinjacyaha na HABYARIMANA Jean rwaciwe ku wa 28/02/2020, ndetse no mu rubanza RPAA 00003/2020/CA rwaciwe ku wa 09/04/2020 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na RUDONDE Emmanuel, aho Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwavuze ko imvugo z’abatangabuhamya zigira agaciro bitabaye ngombwa ko bongera guhamagazwa mu Rukiko. Bakomeza basobanura ko ingingo ya 8 y’Itegeko Nº 47/2013 ryo ku wa 16/6/2013 rigena kwimurira imanza mu Rwanda bashingiraho iyo nenge, nayo isobanura neza ko Urukiko rushobora guha agaciro ubuhamya bwanditse mu gihe bushyigikiwe n’ubundi buhamya bwatangiwe mu Rukiko. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [53] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo y’ubujurire zishingiye ku kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwaremeje ko IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yagize uruhare mu gitero cyishe Abatutsi ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro rwirengagije ko ubuhamya bwatanzwe na RUTAGENGWA François na KALINIJABO Jean Damascène butagombaga guhabwa agaciro kuko bivuguruza ubwabo, bakanavuguruzanya hagati yabo. [54] Ingingo ya 2 y’Itegeko N° 062/2024 ryo ku wa 20/06/2024 rigenga ibimenyetso, mu gace kayo ka (i), iteganya ko “ikimenyetso gishingiye ku buhamya ari amagambo avugiwe imbere y’urwego rufite ububasha cyangwa yarushyikirijwe mu nyandiko n’umuntu wabonye cyangwa wumvise ibyerekeranye n’ikibazo kiri mu mpaka”, [55] Naho ingingo ya 53 y’iryo Tegeko igateganya ko “Urwego rufite ububasha rusuzuma ukwemerwa cyangwa ukutemerwa n’agaciro by’ikimenyetso gishingiye ku buhamya, ko rutitsitsa ku mubare w’abatangabuhamya, ahubwo rwita cyane ku bumenyi bw’ibyabaye no ku budakemwa bw’ubuhamya batanga”. [56] Ingingo ya 87 y’Itegeko N° 062/2024 ryo ku wa 20/06/2024 ryavuzwe haruguru yo igateganya ko “mu rubanza nshinjabyaha, ikimenyetso gishingira ku mpamvu zose z’ibyabaye n’ibyemejwe n’amategeko, ababuranyi bapfa kuba barahawe umwanya wo kubijyaho impaka”.

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[57] Mu rubanza rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Sgt. BIZIYAREMYE Jean Baptiste na Cpl. NGABONZIZA Faustin, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwemeje ko ukwivuguruza mu buhamya, kudafatirwa gusa ku magambo umutangabuhamya akoresha, cyangwa kudahuza neza imvugo mu gusobanura imigendekere y’ibyo atangira ubuhamya, ko icyangombwa ari uko ireme(substance) ry’ibyo avuga ridahinduka8. [58] Ku bijyanye n’ubuhamya butanzwe hashize igihe kirekire ibitangwaho ubuhamya bibaye, byatanzweho umurongo mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga rwashyiriweho u Rwanda nko mu rubanza rwa BIKINDI Simon, aho urwo Rukiko rwasanze bitewe n’igihe kinini kiba gishize hagati y’igihe umutangabuhamya atangiye ubuhamya n’igihe ibikorwa atangiye ubuhamya byakorewe, ukwivuguruza ku tuntu dutoya k’umutangabuhamya cyangwa hagati y’abatangabuhamya bidashobora gutesha agaciro ubuhamya9. [59] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ruributsa ko uyu murongo ugaragara mu manza zaciwe n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga rwashyiriweho u Rwanda wanakurikijwe n’uru Rukiko mu manza zitandukanye, nk’urubanza rw’Ubushinjacyaha na NTAGANZWA Ladislas10, urw’Ubushinjacyaha na BIRINDABAGABO Jean-Paul11, urw’Ubushinjacyaha na KABILIMA Jean Damascène12, ndetse no mu rubanza rw’Ubushinjacyaha na TWAGIRAYEZU Ladislas13. Muri izo manza, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ko harebwe igihe kinini kiba gishize hagati y’igihe ibikorwa bya jenoside byakoreweho n’igihe ubuhamya bwatangiwe, kuba abatangabuhamya bakwivuguruza cyangwa ntibahurize nko ku matariki ibyo batangaho ubuhamya byabereye, ku masaha, ku myambaro uregwa yari yambaye, ku ntwaro yari afite, aho yari ahagaze, cyangwa iyo ubuhamya umutangabuhamya yatangiye mu Rukiko budahuye neza n’ibyo yavuze mbere, bitafatwa nk’inenge ikabije yatesha agaciro ubuhamya bwe, ahubwo izo ari inenge ntoya zitatesha agaciro ireme ryabwo, kuko bitewe n’igihe kiba gishize, bishoboka ko hari ibyo umutangabuhamya atakwibuka neza. [60] Nk’uko bigaragara mu gika cya 64 kugeza ku gika cya 70 by’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru rwasesenguye ibimenyetso byatanzwe n’Ubushinjacyaha ku ruhare rwa IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude alias NZINGA mu bwicanyi bwabereye ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro bigizwe n’ubuhamya bwa RUTAGENGWA François n’imvugo za KALINIJABO Jean Damascène mu Bushinjacyaha, rusanga bahuriza ku kuba bariboneye IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude mu gitero cyiciye Abatutsi ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro, kandi ko bwuzuzanya, rwemeza ko bukwiye gufatwa nk’ikimenyetso cyemeza nta shiti ko IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yari mu gitero cyiciye Abatutsi ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro.

8 Urubanza no RPAA 0117/07/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 17/09/2010, Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Sgt. BIZIYAREMYE Jean Baptiste na Cpl. NGABONZIZA Faustin, icyegeranyo cy’ibyemezo by’Inkiko, vol. II, 2011, n0 9, urupapuro rwa 60, igika cya 14. 9 Case no ICTR-01- 62 T, Le Procureur c/ BIKINDI Simon, 02/12/2008, p.12, para 32. 10 Reba igika cya 27 cy’urubanza Nº RPA/GEN 00001/2021/CA rwaciwe ku wa 03/03/2023 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na NTAGANZWA Ladislas. 11 Reba igika cya 125 cy’urubanza Nº RPAA/GEN 00004/2020/CA rwaciwe ku wa 08/04/2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na BIRINDABAGABO Jean Paul. 12 Reba igika cya 71 cy’urubanza No RPAA/GEN00009/2019/CA rwaciwe ku wa 16/10/2020 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na KABILIMANA Jean Damascène. 13 Reba igika cya 174 Nº RPA/GEN 00001/2024/CA rwaciwe KU WA 31/07/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na TWAGIRAYEZU Wenceslas.

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[61] Urukiko Rukuru rwanasobanuye ko kuba abatangabuhamya batazi itariki nyayo ubwicanyi bwo ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro bwabereyeho atari inenge ikabije yatuma ubuhamya bwabo buteshwa agaciro, kuko kwibuka neza itariki ibikorwa byakoreweho mu bihe by’ubwicanyi bitoroshye igihe ubuhamya butanzwe nyuma y’igihe kirekire ubwicanyi bukozwe, ko icy’ingenzi ari uko ibyo batangiye ubuhamya babyiboneye kandi bakaba bari basanzwe bazi IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude ku buryo batari kumwibeshyaho, cyane ko KALINIJABO Jean Damascѐne, uretse no kubona IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude muri icyo gitero, yari ahari ubwo abantu bicwaga. Urukiko Rukuru rwanasanze kuba bitoroshye kwibuka neza itariki ubwicanyi bwabereyeho nyuma y’igihe kirekire ubwicanyi bukozwe bidatesha agaciro ireme ry’ubuhamya, bihura n’ibyemejwe mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga rwashyiriweho u Rwanda14 . [62] Ku byerekeye ubuhamya bwa RUTAGENGWA François, uyu atanga ubuhamya mu Rukiko Rukuru yavuze ko yabonye IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude mu gitero cyo ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro, ubwo bari bari mu muganda wakoreshejwe na NDANGURURA. Yasobanuye ko bohereje umuntu ngo aze kumubwira ko habaye umuganda, ageze ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro, abona IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude azanye n’abasore bafite gerenade n’imbunda, hanyuma NDANGURURA Jean Baptiste afata abaturage abajyana gutema ibihuru, ko bigeze mu masaa saba haguye imvura, bajya kugama, bamwe barimo KAYIBANDA, MUSONERA na BITSINGA bo mu muryango wa MUZUNGU Thomas bajya kugama ku Kigo Nderabuzima, abandi bajya kugama kwa Célestin, ahari Etat major y’interahamwe, ariko we ajya kugama kwa BUGINGO Gérard; imvura ihitutse nko mu masaa cyenda ari mu nzira ajya mu nama, ahura n’umuntu wamubajije aho agiye, anamubwira ko abo bari kumwe bamaze kubica, ahita asubira inyuma. Yanavuze ko n’ubwo atabonye igitero cyabishe, KALINIJABO Jean Damascène avuga neza ko IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yari akirimo15. [63] Iby’uko hari abantu biciwe ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro barimo KAYIBANDA Innocent na BITSINGA bene MUZUNGU Thomas n’abandi batutsi bari kumwe, RUTAGENGWA François yabivuze no mu ibazwa rye ryo ku wa 12/04/2007 mu Bushinjacyaha aho yasobanuye ko ubwo yari yagiye kugama kwa BUGINGO, yabonye interahamwe zirimo NZINGA wari ufite imbunda ya Karachnicov zimucaho zijya ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro, anavuga ko KALINIJABO wari aho abo batutsi biciwe yemeza ko IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude bita NZINGA yari mu babishe, barangije babajugunya mu cyobo. [64] Nk’uko bigaragara na none mu nyandikomvugo KALINIJABO Jean Damascène yakorewe mu Bushinjacyaha ku wa 13/04/2007 no ku wa 25/04/2017, yavuze ko NZINGA yari kumwe n’izindi nterahamwe zagiye kuvana mu rugo abantu bo mu muryango wa MUZUNGU Thomas n’abandi batutsi bari bihishe, zibajyana ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro, imvura iguye, zirabaharindira zibakikije, ihitutse zibajyana ku cyobo kiri haruguru, bicwa barashwe, banatewe gerenade, imirambo yabo ijugunywa mu cyobo. Anavuga ko ibyo byose byabaye ahari kuko izo nterahamwe zakuraga abaturage mu ngo zivuga ko bagiye gukora umuganda.

14 ICTR-01- 74 Ubushinjacyaha na KARERA François Urup. rwa 73, igika cya 248, urubanza ICTR -2000-61-T. rw’Ubushinjacyaha na GATETE Jean Baptiste Urup. rwa 210, Igika cya 390, urubanza ICTR- 2001-66-I rw’Ubushinjacyaha na SEROMBA Athanase, urup. rwa 44, Igika cya 103. 15 Reba inyandiko mvugo y’iburanisha ryo kuwa 30/05/2018, urupapuro rwa 2.

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[65] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga KALINIJABO Jean Damascène asobanura ko hari umunsi interahamwe zirimo IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude zagiye kuvana Abatutsi mu ngo aho bari bihishe zivuga ko zibajyanye mu muganda, imvura iguye zijya kubarindira ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro, ihitutse zirabica, zibata mu cyobo cyari gihari ; RUTAGENGWA François nawe akavuga ko ubwo bari babajyanye mu muganda yahabonye IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude ari kumwe n’iterahamwe, akanavuga ko yatandukanye n’abishwe ubwo bo bari bagiye kugama ku Kigo Nderabuzima, we akajya kugama kwa BUGINGO, ko imvura ihise ari bwo umuntu yamubwiye ko abo Batutsi bishwe, akanavuga ko n’ubwo atabonye igitero cyabishe, KALINIJABO wari uhari yemeza ko IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yari akirimo. [66] Urukiko rusanga ibivugwa na IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude ko ubuhamya RUTANGENGWA François yatanze mu Rwanda bunyuranye n’ibyo yavugiye mu iperereza ryakozwe na Polisi y’igihugu cy’Ubuholandi aho yari yahawe izina rya CZD akemeza ko yiboneye ubwicanyi bwabereye ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro nta shingiro bifite, kuko nk’uko byasobanuwe mu gika cya 42 cy’uru rubanza, nta kigaragaza ku buryo budashidikanywaho ko ari we wabajijwe muri iryo perereza, yahawe iryo zina, kandi uru Rukiko rukaba rwasanze iyo nyandiko kimwe n’izindi zakozwe muri ubwo buryo zitujuje ibisabwa bituma ziba ikimenyetso mu rubanza kubera inenge zagaragajwe. [67] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ibyo IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude avuga ko RUTAGENGWA François yivuguruza, ngo kuko hamwe avuga ko yiboneye abatutsi bicwa, ariko mu buhamya bwe akavuga ko atari ahari, nta shingiro bifite, kuko haba mu mvugo ze zo mu Bushinjacyaha, ndetse no mu buhamya bwe mu Rukiko yasobanuye ko ubwo yageraga ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro agiye mu muganda yahabonye IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude ari kumwe n’interahamwe, anemeza ko yatandukanye n’abishwe barimo abo mu muryango wa MUZUNGU Thomas ubwo bo bari bagiye kugama kuri icyo Kigo Nderabuzima, we akajya kugama kwa BUGINGO, ko imvura ihise ari bwo umuntu yamubwiye ko abo Batutsi bishwe, akanavuga ko n’ubwo atabonye igitero cyabishe, KALINIJABO wari uhari yemeza ko IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yari akirimo. Ubuhamya bwe rero bukaba butarimo kwivuguruza kuko ntaho yemeza ko yari aho biciwe, ahubwo icyo yemeza ari uko umunsi abo Batutsi bicirwaga n’interahamwe ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro yari ahari, bahamagawe mu muganda, kandi akaba yarahabonye IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude ari kumwe n’interahamwe, n’uko KALINIJABO wari uhari bicwa yemeza ko uyu yari mu gitero cy’interahamwe zabishe. [68] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire runasanga ibyo IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude avuga ko RUTAGENGWA François yivuguruza ku bijyanye n’ubwoko bw’imbunda avuga ko yari afite, nta shingiro bifite, kuko kuba atanga ubuhamya mu Rukiko yaravuze ko ubwo yageraga ku Kigo Nderabuzima agiye mu muganda yahabonye IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude ari kumwe n’abasore bafite imbunda na gerenade, naho mu Bushinjacyaha akavuga ko ubwo yari yugamye kwa BUGINGO yamubonye atambuka afite imbunda ya Karachnicov ari kumwe n’interahamwe bava kwa Célestin bagana ku Kigo Nderabuzima, ndetse ibyo akaba atabihurizaho na KALINIJABO Jean Damascéne utaravuze ko yari afite intwaro, bitatesha agaciro ireme ry’ubuhamya bwe, kuko, uretse ko nk’uko abatangabuhamya babivuga aho ikigo Nderabuzima kiri hari hegeranye no kwa RUHUMURIZA Célestin ahiswe Etat major y’interahamwe, kudahuza imvugo cyangwa kuvuga ibintu ku buryo butandukanye hamwe avuga ko yari afite ubwoko runaka bw’imbunda, ahandi ntabuvuge, atari inenge ikomeye yatuma ubuhamya bwe buteshwa agaciro harebwe igihe gishize

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ibitangwaho ubuhamya bibaye, kuko bishoboka ko atakwibuka gutondekanya neza inkuru y’ibyo atangira ubuhamya nk’uko byatanzweho umurongo wibukijwe mu gika cya 59. [69] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ibivugwa na IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude by’uko hari amagambo Urukiko Rukuru rwitiriye KALINIJABO Jean Damascène aho rwavuze ko yamubonye mu bantu bavuye guhishura umuryango wa MUZUNGU Thomas nta shingiro bifite, kuko mu nyandiko mvugo yakorewe mu Bushinjacyaha ku wa 13/04/2007 no ku wa 25/4/2017, KALINIJABO Jean Damascène yasobanuye ko interahamwe zirimo NZINGA, NDARUHEBEYE na NDANGURURA Jean Baptise ari zo zagiye kuvana abo mu muryango wa MUZUNGU Thomas n’abandi batutsi mu ngo n’ahandi bari bihishe, imvura iguye babajyana ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro barahabarindira, ihitutse babicira haruguru y’icyo kigo, babajugunya mu cyobo, akanavuga ko NZINGA yari kumwe n’interahamwe zabishe, ko RUHUMURIZA Eric na IDADI ari bo babarashe bakanabatera gerenade. Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rusanga rero nta magambo Urukiko Rukuru rwongeye mu buhamya bwatanzwe na KALINIJABO Jean Damascѐne. [70] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rusanga nanone kuba imvugo za KALINIJABO Jean Damascène zarashingiweho n’Urukiko Rukuru, atari ukunyuranya n’amahame agenga itangwa ry’ibimenyetso mu manza zoherejwe kuburanishwa mu Rwanda ateganywa n’ingingo ya 8 y’Itegeko Nº 47/2013 ryo kuwa 16/06/2013 rigena kwimurira imanza muri Repubulika y’u Rwanda16, kuko, n’ubwo atazanwe mu Rukiko gutanga ubuhamya, imvugo ze zuzuzanya n’ubuhamya bwa RUTAGENGWA François, kubera ko bahuriza ku kuba abiciwe ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro ari abatutsi barimo abo mu muryango wa MUZUNGU Thomas bari bavanywe mu ngo zabo bajyanywe mu cyiswe umuganda, kuba IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude bita NZINGA yari kumwe n’interahamwe kuri icyo kigo no kuba barishwe n’interahamwe imvura ihise. [71] Naho kuba hari ibyo abo batangabuhamya badahurizaho, nko kuba IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yari afite imbunda, aho bamubonye ubwo Abatutsi bicwaga, nk’uko Urukiko Rukuru rwabisobanuye, biterwa n’uko buri wese avuga ibyo yabonye bitewe n’aho yari ari, n’igihe yamuboneye, kandi nk’uko byasobanuwe mu manza zavuzwe haruguru, uko kunyuranya ku tuntu duto bikaba bitatesha agaciro ubuhamya bwabo, kuko icy’ingenzi ari uko bahuriza ku kuba IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yari kumwe n’interahamwe ziciye abatutsi ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro. Byongeye kandi na IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude nta hakana ko abo Batutsi bishwe n’uko uwo munsi yahageze bakimara kwicwa, uretse ko avuga ko yahagiye ajyanye na se wari utabajwe ariko akagarukira kwa Célestin aho bita kuri Etat major. [72] Urukiko rugasanga rero, nk’uko byasobanuwe mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga nko mu rubanza rwa MUNYAKAZI Yussuf17, kugira ngo

16 Iyo ngingo iteganya ko ibimenyetso byakusanyijwe hakurikijwe Sitati n’Amategeko Agenga Imiburanishirize n’Itangwa ry’ibimenyetso bya TPIR n’Urwego bishobora gukoreshwa mu manza ziburanishwa n’Urukiko Rukuru. Urukiko Rukuru ntirushobora guhamya umuntu icyaha rushingiye gusa ku buhamya bwanditse bwatanzwe mbere n’abatangabuhamya batigeze batanga ubuhamya mu iburanisha. Icyakora, Urukiko Rukuru rushobora guhamya umuntu icyaha rushingiye ku gaciro k’ubwo buhamya bwanditse iyo ubwo buhamya bufite ubundi bubushyigikira. 17 “En outre, pour qu’il y ait corroboration, il n’est pas nécessaire que les deux témoignages soient en tous points identiques, car « tout témoin expose ce qu’il a vu du point de vue qui était le sien au moment des faits ou conformément à sa propre perception des événements

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ubuhamya bushyigikire ubundi, atari ngombwa ko bwombi buba busa kuri byose, kubera ko buri mutangabuhamya avuga ibyo yabonye akurikije aho yari ari, ibihe yari arimo igihe byabaga cyangwa se akurikije uko yasobanukiwe n’ibintu yumvanye abandi. [73] Ku birebana n’ibivugwa na IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude by’uko ubuhamya bwa RUTAGENGWA François butagombaga gushingirwaho mu kwemeza uruhare rwe mu iyicwa ry’Abatutsi ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro mu gihe bwateshejwe agaciro ku bindi bitero birimo icya ETO/ Kicukiro, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rusanga nabyo nta shingiro bifite, kuko kuba Urukiko Rukuru rwaratesheje agaciro ubuhamya bwa RUTAGENGWA François ku bindi bitero rwasanze adafitiye ubumenyi buhagije18, atari impamvu yatuma ubuhamya bwe ku byerekeranye n’igitero cyabereye ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro buteshwa agaciro mu gihe rwasanze ibyo avuga kuri icyo gitero abifitiye ubumenyi kandi byuzuzanya n’ibivugwa n’abandi batangabuhamya. Kuba rero Urukiko rushobora gushingira ku bice bimwe by’ubuhamya mu gihe ibindi bice byabwo byateshejwe agaciro, bihura n’ibyemejwe n’izindi Nkiko zirimo n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga nko mu rubanza rwa MUVUNYI Tharicisse19. [74] Hashingiwe ku bimaze gusobanurwa, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rukaba rwemeranywa n’isesengura ryakozwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, kubera ko narwo rusanga ubuhamya bwa RUTAGENGWA François n’ubwa KALINIJABO Jean Damascène ari ikimenyetso kigaragaza nta shiti ko IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yagize uruhare mu iyicwa ry’Abatutsi ryabereye ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro kuko yari mu gitero cy’interahamwe zabishe.

b) Kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwarirengagije ubuhamya bwa NYIRAHABIMANA Béatrice kandi bushinjura IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude

Imiburanire ya IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude n’abamwunganira [75] IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude n’abamwunganira bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwirengagije ubuhamya bwa NYIRAHABIMANA Béatrice wavuze ko yabonye abantu bose barimo RUTAGENGWA François, bagiye ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro ahari icyobo cyiciweho Abatutsi, akanavuga ko atigeze ahabona IYAMUREMYE ; ko nta mpamvu yari gutuma ubuhamya bwe buteshwa agaciro mu gihe yari azi byinshi nk’umuntu wanabaye mu ikusanyamakuru rya Gacaca.

Imiburanire y’Ubushinjacyaha

qu’on lui a rapportés ». (…), case no ICTR-97-36 A, Le Procureur c/ MUNYAKAZI Yussuf, du 21/09/2011, par.103. 18 Reba ibyasobanuwe n’Urukiko Rukuru mu bika bya 26-29 by’urubanza rujuririrwa ku birebana n’Ubuhamya bwa RUTAGENGWA François ku birebana n'igitero cy’i Gahanga, igika cya 118 ku byerekeye igitero cy’abasirikare iwabo kwa BIZIYAREMYE François. 19 “La Chambre d'appel a déjà souligné qu'elle « s'en voudrait d'infirmer en appel l'appréciation faite en première instance sur la crédibilité du témoin. Elle rappelle en outre qu'il n'est pas déraisonnable qu'un juge des faits retienne certaines parties d'une déposition et en rejette d'autres”, case no ICTR-2000-55A-A, Le Procureur c/ MUVUNYI Tharcisse du 1er Avril 2011, p.12. par. 26.

## Page 19

[76] Abahagarariye Ubushinjacyaha bavuga ko bemeranywa n’isesengura ry’Urukiko Rukuru ku byerekeye ubuhamya bwa NYIRAHABIMANA Béatrice, aho rwasanze budashinjura IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude, kuko avuga ko atashoboraga kujya ku cyobo, ko yareberaga mu idirishya, ko nyuma KALINIJABO yamubwiye ko bari bahamagaje abaturage mu muganda mu buryo bwo kujijisha, ko icyo bashakaga ari ukwica Abatutsi, ko ibindi yabimenyeye mu ikusanyamakuru rya Gacaca. [77] Bavuga kandi ko uwo mutangabuhamya yabajijwe niba muri abo bantu yarabonyemo IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude, akavuga ko atamubonye kuko hari abantu benshi, ko atabonye ibyo ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro kuko hari nko muri metero 100 cyangwa 150, ko rero kuba Urukiko rutarashingiye ku buhamya bwe nk’ubumushinjura atari ikosa, kuko ibyo avuga ko atamubonye bitatesha agaciro iby’abatangabuhamya bemeza ko bari bahari kandi ko bamwiboneye. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [78] Ingingo ya 53 y’Itegeko N° 062/2024 ryo ku wa 20/06/2024 ryavuzwe iteganya ko Urukiko mu gusengura ubuhamya, rufite ububasha bwo kwemera cyangwa kutemera ikimenyetso gishingiye ku buhamya, kandi ko rwita cyane ku bumenyi bw’ibyabaye no ku budakemwa bw’ubuhamya. [79] NYIRAHABIMANA Béatrice atanga ubuhamya mu Rukiko yavuze ko ubwo yari yahungiye kwa KALINIJABO Jean Damascène yarebeye mu kadirishya umwanya muto, abona abantu benshi barimo KALINIJABO, RUTAGENGWA n’abandi, ariko ko atamenye abantu bose kubera ubwishi bwabo. Yanavuze ko atashoboraga kubona ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro, ndetse ko atabonye icyobo abishwe batawemo, ko ahubwo nyuma birangiye, IDADI na bagenzi be bamusanze kwa KALINIJABO bigamba ko bishe abantu bakabajugunya mu cyobo. [80] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga, nk’uko Urukiko Rukuru rwabigaragaje mu gika cya 71 kugeza ku cya 74 by’urubanza rujuririrwa, ubuhamya bwa NYIRAHABIMANA Béatrice atari ikimenyetso kidashidikanywaho kigaragaza ko IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude atari mu gitero cyiciye abatutsi ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro, kuko mu buhamya bwe bwavuzwe haruguru, agaragaza ko atashoboraga kumenya abantu bose bari ku Kigo Nderabuzima kubera ubwinshi bwabo, ndetse n’abagize uruhare mu iyicwa ry’Abatutsi bahiciwe bakanajugunywa mu cyobo, uretse ibyo yumvanye IDADI arimo yigamba ndetse n’ibyo yiboneye arebera mu kadirishya aho yari yangungiye kwa KARINIJABO. [81] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rusanga ibyo IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude n’abamwunganira banenga isesengura ry’Urukiko Rukuru bavuga ko mu buhamya bwa NYIRAHABIMANA Béatrice yasobanuye abantu bose yabonye banyuraga aho yari yihishe, abari ku cyobo, n’abagize uruhare mu bwicanyi bwabereye ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro, ngo bigaragaza ko rwirengagije ko iyo aza kuba abarimo atari kunanirwa kumubona nta shingiro bifite, kuko n’ubwo umutangabuhamya atavuga ko yamubonye, ariko yanagaragaje ko atashoboraga kumenya abantu bose bari bari mu gitero, kubera ubwinshi bwabo, kandi akaba yararebeye mu kadirishya akanya gato, akaba yari no mu ntera ndende itaratumaga abona ibyabereye ku Kigo Nderabuzima.

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[82] Uru Rukiko runasanga n’ibyo bavuga ko ubuhamya bwa NYIRAHABIMANA Béatrice bwirengagijwe kandi yari afite amakuru menshi ku byabaye, akaba yaranabaye inyangamugayo mu ikusanyamakuru rya Gacaca ntiyumve IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude avugwa mu bagize uruhare mu bwicanyi bwabereye ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro nabyo nta shingiro bifite, kuko mu buhamya yatangiye mu Rukiko yavuze ko mu gihe jenoside yakorwaga atasohokaga. Byongeye kandi kuba uwo mutangabuhamya ataramwumvise avugwa mu ikusanyamakuru rya Gacaca ku byerekeye icyo gitero, bikaba atari ikimenyetso simusiga kigaragaza ko nta ruhare yagize muri ubwo bwicanyi. Ibi ni nabyo byasobanuwe n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga rwashyiriweho u Rwanda, aho rwemeje ko kuba uregwa ataravuzwe muri Gacaca atari ikimenyetso gihamya ko atakoze icyaha cya jenoside akurikiranyweho, mu gihe hari ibindi bimenyetso bidashidikanywaho byemeza ko yagize uruhare muri ibyo bikorwa20. [83] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga rero ubuhamya bwa NYIRAHABIMANA Béatrice butarirengagijwe n’Urukiko Rukuru nk’uko bivugwa na IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude, ko ahubwo rwabusesenguye rusanga butafatwa nk’ikimenyetso kimushinjura kubera ko rwasanze nta bumenyi buhagagije afite ku bwicanyi bwabereye ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro kubera impamvu zasobanuwe haruguru.

2.3 Ku byerekeye ubwicanyi bwakorewe Abatutsi i Nyanza ya Kicukiro

a) Kumenya niba abatangabuhamya BENIMANA Ignace, MUKAYIRANGA Spéciose na MUGOREWERA Madeleine barashingiweho kandi bivuguruza bakanavuguruzanya.

Imiburanire ya IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude n’abamwunganira

[84] IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude n’abamwunganira bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko yagize uruhare mu iyicwa ry’Abatutsi i Nyanza ya Kicukiro rushingiye ku buhamya bwatanzwe na BENIMANA Ignace MUKAYIRANGA Spéciose na MUGOREWERA Madeleine rwirengagije ko ubuhamya bwabo butagombaga guhabwa agaciro kuko bivuguruje, bakanavuguruzanya hagati yabo. [85] Basobanura ko ubuhamya bwa BENIMANA Ignace butagombaga guhabwa agaciro, kuko yaranzwe no kwivuguruza ku bijyanye n’aho yabonye IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude n’icyo yahakoreye, ko abazwa mu Bugenzacyaha yavuze ko yabonye NZINGA Kicukiro Centre ari mu modoka ya Peugeot itukura ari kumwe na RUTAGANDA Georges, ariko abazwa na Polisi y’Ubuhondi aho yari yahawe izina rya KSD yavuze ko bageze Kicukiro Centre yabonye NZINGA afite imbunda yicaye mu modoka yari itwawe na GISIMBA. Banavuga ko abazwa mu Bushinjacyaha, anatanga ubuhamya mu Rukiko yavuze ko yamubonye ku Kicukiro Centre, abaza KANYABUGOYI Fidèle niba azongera kwandika ibinyamakuru ariko MUKAYIRANGA

20 ICTR-2000-61-T, Le Procureur c/ GATETE Jean Baptiste, TPIR, du 31/3/2011, p. 30, par. 130.

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Spéciose wari umugore wa KANYABUGOYI bari kumwe we akaba atarabyumvise, ko yanavuze ko yamubonye agenda yunamye yihishahisha inyuma y’abantu. [86] Bakomeza bavuga ko ikindi kigaragaza ko ibyo BENIMANA Ignace avuga atari ukuri, ari uko mu buhamya bwe hari aho yavuze ko atibuka niba IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yari mu nterahamwe zishe abatutsi bari bahungiye i Nyanza ya Kicukiro, hakaba n’aho avuga ko yari mu gitero cyabishe ari kumwe na RUTAGANDA Georges ; nyamara atanga ubuhamya mu rubanza rwe mu Rukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga rwashyiriweho u Rwanda akaba atarigeze avuga ko yahamubonye bari kumwe, kandi amushinja kuba interahamwe ruharwa. [87] Bavuga kandi ko n’Urukiko Rukuru rwavugishije BENIMANA Ignace ibyo atavuze, kuko mu rubanza rwavuze ko yabonye IYAMUREMYE mu nterahamwe n’abasirikare kuri SONATUBES, kandi icyo we yavuze ari uko bageze kuri SONATUBES interahamwe zabakumiriye, akaba ataravuze ko yari kumwe n’izo nterahamwe. Basaba ko ubuhamya bwa BENIMANA Ignace bwateshwa agaciro kuko yivuguruza, ndetse uru Rukiko rukanabona ko Urukiko Rukuru rwakoze ikosa ryo kubushingiraho nyuma yo kubusenya. [88] Ku byerekeye ubuhamya bwa MUKAYIRANGA Spéciose, IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude n’abamwunganira bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rutagombaga kubushingiraho, kubera ko nawe yivuguruje ku bijyanye n’imodoka avuga ko yamubonyemo, kuko hamwe yavuze ko yamubonye mu modoka ya Jeep ya gisirikare, ahandi akavuga ko yamubonye ari hejuru y’imodoka, mu gihe atanga ubuhamya muri Polisi y’Ubuholandi (HGF) ho yavuze ko yamubonye muri Jeep hafi ya Kicukiro Centre abatunze imbunda, nyamara atanga ubuhamya mu rubanza rwa RUTAGANDA Georges, nawe akaba atarigeze avuga ko yababonanye. [89] Banavuga ko ikindi kigaragaza ko MUKAYIRANGA Spéciose mu buhamya bwe yivuguruza ari uko hamwe yavuze ko IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude bita NZINGA yari mubabashoreye babavanye kuri SONATUBES babajyana i Nyanza ya Kicukiro, ahandi akavuga ko yamubonye bageze Kicukiro Centre ari mu modoka abatunze imbunda, ariko atanga ubuhamya mu Rukiko akaba yaravuze ko yabonye NZINGA ari muri camionnette y’abasirikare berekeje i Nyanza ya Kicukiro, akongera akavuga ko atigeze ahamubona, ko ahubwo yamubonye muri camionette gusa. [90] Ku byerekeye ubuhamya bwa MUGOREWERA Madeleine, IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude n’abamwunganira bavuga ko nabwo nta gaciro bwagombaga guhabwa, kubera ko yabeshye Urukiko ko yabonye NZINGA i Nyanza ya Kicukiro kandi atarahageze, kuko yivugiye ko ibyo yavuze byose yabyumviye muri Gacaca ya Byimana atagaragaza uwabimubwiye. [91] Basoza basaba ko ubuhamya bwa BENIMANA Ignace, MUKAYIRANGA Spéciose na MUGOREWERA Madeleine butahabwa agaciro n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, kuko bunyuranya ku bijyanye n’uburyo bamubonyemo i Nyanza ya Kicukiro, uko yari yitwaye, aho bamubonye, uko yari yambaye, imodoka yari arimo, kuba yari afite imbunda cyangwa atayifite, kuba yari kumwe na RUTAGANDA Georges cyangwa batari kumwe n’ibindi, ko uko kutabara inkuru ku buryo bumwe kandi bari kumwe ahantu hamwe, ku masaha amwe kubera ko bavuga ko bagendanaga, bigaragaza ko IYAMUREMYE atagize uruhare mu bwicanyi bwahakorewe kuko icyo gihe atahageze, bitewe n’uko atavaga mu rugo iwabo, ndetse ko yavuye mu Rwanda ataramenya ko

## Page 22

hiciwe abantu. Asoza asaba ko ubuhamya bwabo bwateshwa agaciro nk’uko byakozwe ku birebana n’igitero cyabereye kuri ETO/Kicukiro.

Imiburanire y’Ubushinjacyaha [92] Abahagarariye Ubushinjacyaha bavuga ko ubuhamya bwa BENIMANA Ignace, MUKAYIRANGA Spéciose na MUGOREWERA Madeleine butateshwa agaciro, kuko Urukiko Rukuru rwabusesenguye rusanga bufite ireme kubera ko icy’ingenzi bahurizaho, ari uko babonye IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude mu modoka ku Kicukiro, banavuga amatariki bamuboneyeho ari mu gitero cyari kirimo abasirikare, abajandarume, ndetse n’Interahamwe cyashoreye Abatutsi kibavana kuri SONATUBES kibageza i Nyanza, ahiciwe abantu benshi, bakanavuga amazina y’abantu bishwe, bari baturutse muri ETO Kicukiro aho bari bahungiye, ndetse ko BENIMANA Ignace na MUKAYIRANGA Spéciose banahuriza ku kuba barabonye IYAMUREMYE mu gitero cyishe abantu benshi i Nyanza ya Kicukiro. [93] Basobanura ko BENIMANA Ignace yatanze ubuhamya mu Nzego zitandukanye, aho mu Bugenzacyaha yemeje ko yabonye IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude mu modoka ya Peugeot itukura, anavuga ko yageze i Nyanza ya Kicukiro ahasanga abantu bagera ku bihumbi bitanu, n’amazina y’abantu bamwe yahabonye, ko mu Bushinjacyaha avuga ko bageze Kicukiro Centre yumvise IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude abaza KANYABUGOYI uzongera kwandika ibinyamakuru, naho atanga ubuhamya mu Rukiko avuga ko yamubonye i Nyanza ya Kicukiro afite imbunda arimo kwereka Interahamwe uko zihagarara kugira ngo abantu batabacika, ko hari n’interamwe yatse inkota ayicisha KANYABUGOYI, ko n’ubwo hari aho adahuza imvugo ku bijyanye n’imodoka, ariko birengagiza ko avuga ko yabonye IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude mu bihe bitandukanye birimo no mu gitero cyiciye Abatutsi i Nyanza ya Kicukiro. [94] Bakomeza bavuga ko ubuhamya bwa MUKAYIRANGA Spéciose bugomba guhabwa agaciro kubera ko ahuza n’abandi batangabuhamya ku kuba barabonye IYAMUREMYE mu nterahamwe zabashoreye zibavanye SONATUBES zibageza i Nyanza ya Kicuro, ndetse ko nta n’amagambo Urukiko rwamwitiriye atavuze, kuko mu mvugo ze yemeza ko bageze Kicukiro Centre IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yababajije niba biteguye gupfa. [95] Abahagarariye Ubushinjacyaha bavuga ko n’ubwo MUGOREWERA Madeleine atahamagajwe mu Rukiko gutanga ubuhamya, ariko imvugo ze mu Bugenzacyaha zikwiye guhabwa agaciro, kuko yavuze ko yabonye IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude kuri SONATUBES ari mu nterahamwe zabagejeje i Nyanza ya Kicukiro, naho ibyo bavuga ko atageze i Nyanza, ko ibyo avuga ari ibyo yumviye muri Gacaca ya Byimana nta shingiro bifite, kuko hari ibyo avuga ko yiboneye. [96] Basoza bavuga ko kuba BENIMANA Ignace na MUKAYIRANGA Spéciose batarashinje IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude mu rubanza rwa Georges RUTAGANDA, ntacyo byamwungura muri uru rubanza, kuko baruhamagawemo bafite ibyo bagiye guhamya birebana na Georges RUTAGANDA. Naho ibyo bavuga ko abo batangabuhamya bivuguruza harebwe ibiri mu nyandikomvugo z’ibyo babwiye Polisi y’Ubuholandi, nta shingiro bifite, kandi bemeranywa n’isesengura ry’Urukiko Rukuru rwazitesheje agaciro kubera ko zaje ziri mu rurimi rw’igiholandi batazi, zinasibasibye ku buryo amazina y’abatangabuhamya baziriho atamenyekana, uretse ibivugwa na IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude nawe atagaragaza aho abikura.

## Page 23

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [97] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo y’ubujurire zishingiye ku kumenya niba abatangabuhamya BENIMANA Ignace, MUKAYIRANGA Spéciose na MUGOREWERA Madeleine bivuguruza bakanavuguruzanya ku buryo Urukiko Rukuru rutari gushingira ku buhamya bwabo rwemeza uruhare rwa IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude mu iyicwa ry’Abatutsi i Nyanza ya Kicukiro. [98] Ingingo ya 53 y’Itegeko N° 062/2024 ryo ku wa 20/06/2024 ryavuzwe iteganya ko Urukiko mu gusengura ubuhamya rufite ububasha bwo kwemera cyangwa kutemera ikimenyetso gishingiye ku buhamya, rwita cyane ku bumenyi bw’ibyabaye no ku budakemwa bw’ubuhamya. [99] Nk’uko bigaragarira mu bika bya 91, 93 na 97 by’urubanza rujuririrwa, ibimenyetso Urukiko Rukuru rwashingiyeho rwemeza ko IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yagize uruhare mu iyicwa ry’Abatutsi ryabereye i Nyanza ya Kicukiro bigizwe n’ubuhamya bwa BENIMANA Ignace na MUKAYIRANGA Spéciose bahuriza ku kuba barabonye IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude ari mu modoka mu gitero cy’interahamwe, abasirikare n’abajandarume cyatangiriye Abatutsi bari barokotse ubwicanyi bwo muri ETO Kicukiro, kikabashorera kibanyujije Kicukiro Centre, ndetse n’ubuhamya bwa BENIMANA Ignace na MUGOREWERA Madeleine bahuriza ku kuba barabonye IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude ari mu gitero cy’interahamwe ziciye Abatutsi i Nyanza ya Kicukiro. [100] Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze n’ubwo hari ibyo abo batangabuhamya batavugaho kimwe cyangwa batabara inkuru ku buryo bumwe nk’ibijyanye n’uko IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yabonywe Kicukiro Centre afite imbunda cyangwa atayifite, ari mu ijipe ya gisirikare cyangwa mu ikamyoneti isanzwe, ari kumwe na RUTAGANDA Georges cyangwa batari kumwe, bitatesha ireme ubuhamya bwabo ku bijyanye no kuba IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yari mu gitero cy’i Nyanza ya Kicukiro, kuko icy’ingenzi ari uko bahuriza ku kuba barahamubonye, ndetse ko uwo ari na wo murongo wafashwe n’Inkiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga zashyiriweho u Rwanda n’icyahoze ari Yugoslavia, aho zasobanuye ko kwivuguruza kudakabije (minor inconsistencies) gusanzwe kubaho mu buhamya kandi ntibitume budashingirwaho. [101] Mu buhamya bwe, umutangabuhamya BENIMANA Ignace abazwa mu Bugenzacyaha yavuze ko ku wa 11/04/1994, bavuye muri ETO bashaka guhungira kuri Stade Amahoro, aho Inkotanyi zari ziri, ariko bageze kuri SONATUBES interahamwe zirabakumira zibagarura i Nyanza ya Kicukiro, mu nzira yabonye NZINGA ari mu modoka ya Peugeot, banahurira Kicukiro Centre amanuka ari kumwe na RUTAGANDA Georges ari mu modoka itukura, bageze i Nyanza basanga babatanze yo, ababona bari kwereka interahamwe zari zibashoreye uko bahagarara kugira ngo batabacika, babone uko babica, anavuga ko hishwe abantu barenga 5000 Frw barimo abo umuryanga we. [102] Kuri izi mvugo ze, BENIMANA Ignace abazwa mu Bushinjacyaha yongeyeho ko ageze Kicukiro Centre yahasanze IYAMUREMYE bita NZINGA abaza uwitwa KANYABUGOYI niba azongera kwandika ibinyamakuru, barakomeza bagera i Nyanza ya Kicukiro saa kumi n’ebyiri bumaze kwira, ahabona IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude ari kumwe na RUTAGANDA Georges, IYAMUREMYE yereka interahamwe uko zihagarara, ko hari interahamwe nyinshi, abasirikare n’abajandarume; ko abasirikare bamaze kugenda, interahamwe zabateye za grenades, zirabarasa hapfa Abatutsi benshi cyane, nawe bamurasa ku kaboko agwa hasi akizwa n’uko abantu bamuguye

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hejuru, aryama mu mirambo kuva ku wa 11 kugeza ku wa 13/04/1994, ubwo Inkotanyi zahabakuraga. Yanavuze ko atibuka niba ku 12/04/1994 NZINGA yaraje mu nterahamwe zagarutse kwica Abatutsi bari bari mu mirambo batapfuye. [103] BENIMANA Ignace atanga ubuhamya mu Rukiko Rukuru, yavuze ko IYAMUREMYE Jean claude yari mu nterahamwe zabashoreye zibajyana i Nyanza ya Kicukiro, anamubona i Nyanza ari mu nterahamwe zabazengutse zakoze uruziga zigatema uwashakaga guhunga, n’uko ku wa 12/04/1994 yamubonye agarukanye n’interahamwe zaje kwica abatutsi bari mu mirambo, anamubona yaka interahamwe inkota ayicisha KANYABUGOYI. [104] Hari kandi umutangabuhamya MUKAYIRANGA Spéciose, ubwo yabazwaga mu Bugenzacyaha ku wa 14/12/2011, yavuze ko ku wa 11/04/1994 ubwo bari bahungiye kuri sitade Amahoro bavuye muri ETO Kicukiro, basanze babategeye mu nzira, babavana SONATUBES babashoreye babajyana i Nyanza ya Kicukiro, ko yabonye IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude bita NZINGA ari mu modoka ya gisirikare ya jeep abatunzeho imbunda, ko yari mu bitero byiciye abatutsi ahantu henshi harimo i Nyanza ya Kicukiro ahiciwe abantu bagera ku bihumbi bitanu barimo umugabo we KANYABUGOYI Fidѐle. [105] MUKAYIRANGA Spéciose atanga ubuhamya mu Rukiko yavuze ko yabonye IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude ku Kicukiro Centre ari mu gitero cy’interahamwe cyabashoreye ari hejuru mu ikamyoneti y’abasirikare abatunzeho imbunda, maze KANYABUGOYI ababaza niba biteguye gupfa kuko yashaka kumuhungisha, hakaba n’aho avuga ko yamubonye Kicukiro centre ari muri jeep ya gisirikare abatunzeho imbunda, ko bakomeje kuzamuka bagoswe n’interahamwe, bageze I Nyanza ya Kicukiro babatera gerenade agwa hasi, abandi bamugwa hejuru arara mu ntumbi ariko ko atahabonye IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude. [106] Umutangabuhamya MUGOREWERA Madeleine abazwa mu Bugenzacyaha ku wa 13/12/2011, yasobanuye ko ku wa 11/04/1994 yabonye IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude mu gitero cy’i Nyanza ya Kicukiro cyishe Abatutsi benshi barimo KANANGA François n’abana be n’abandi benshi barenga ibihumbi bitanu (5.000). [107] Isesengura ry’ubuhamya bwa BENIMANA Ignace n’ubwa MUKAYIRANGA Spéciose rigaragaza ko ku wa 11/04/1994 ubwo igitero cy’interahamwe cyari kibashoreye, bageze ku Kicukiro Centre bahabona IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude ari kumwe n’interahamwe, naho ubuhamya bwa BENIMANA Ignace n’ubwa MUGOREWERA Madeleine bugahuriza ku kuba baramubonye mu gitero cy’interahamwe cyiciye abatutsi i Nyanza ya Kicukiro. [108] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rusanga ibyo IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude n’abamwunganira bavuga ko ubuhamya bwa BENIMANA Ignace n’ubwa MUKAYIRANGA Spéciose bukwiye guteshwa agaciro ngo kuko bivuguruje, bakanavuguruzanya nta shingiro bifite, kuko kuba BENIMANA Ignace yaravuze ko ku wa 11/04//1994 yabonye IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude Kicukiro Centre ari mu modoka ya Peugeot (itukura) ntavuge ko yabatunzeho imbunda, hakaba n’aho avuga ko yamubonye agenda yihishahisha inyuma y’abantu cyangwa hamwe akavuga ko bari kumwe na RUTAGANDA Georges, ahandi ntavuge ko bari kumwe, naho MUKAYIRANGA Spéciose akavuga ko yamubonye muri camionnette y’abasirikare hejuru abatunze imbunda, ahandi akavuga ko yamubonye mu ijipe ya gisirikare, ubwabyo bitafatwa nk’inenge ikabije yatesha agaciro ubuhamya bwabo, kuko, nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru, icy’ingenzi ari uko abo

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batangabuhamya bahuriza ku kuba uwo munsi barabonye IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude ari mu gitero cy’interahamwe cyari ku Kicukiro Centre. [109] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rusanga kandi iby’uko BENIMANA Ignace yavuze ko yumvise IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude abaza KANYABUGOYI Fidèle niba azongera kwandika ibinyamakuru ariko umugore we MUKAYIRANGA Spéciose ntabyumve kandi bari kumwe, bari n’ahantu hamwe, nabyo atari inenge ikomeye yatuma ubuhamya bwabo buteshwa agaciro, kuko ibihe bibi bari barimo bashorewe n’interahamwe mu kivunge cy’abantu bishoboka ko umwe yumva ibintu, undi nta byumve, ndetse n’abantu bakaba bashobora kubara inkuru y’ibyababayeho cyangwa ibyo bumvise ku buryo hari bimwe (détails) umwe yavuga undi ntabivuge bitewe n’agaciro yabihaye. [110] Urukiko

rw’Ubujurire rusanga kandi ibyo IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude n’abamwunganira bavuga ko ubuhamya bwa MUGOREWERA Madeleine butahabwa agaciro ngo kuko ibyo avuga birebana n’igitero cy’ i Nyanza ya Kicukiro atabihagazeho, ahubwo ari ibyo yumviye muri Gacaca ya Byimana, nta shingiro bifite kuko inyandiko mvugo yakorewe mu Bugenzacyaha ku wa 13/12/2011 yemeje ko yiboneye IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude ari mu gitero cyishe Abatutsi benshi bari bajyanywe i Nyanza ya Kicukiro; anasobanura mu buryo burambuye uko bavanywe SONATUBES, bagera i Nyanza ya Kicukiro interahamwe zikabavangura n’abahutu bari kumwe nabo, maze zigatangira kwica abatutsi zibatera gerenade, zikanabarasa, hakaba hari n’abo interahamwe zishe zibicishije intwaro gakondo, hapfa abantu barenga ibihumbi bitanu, naho ibyo avuga yumviye muri gacaca ya BYIMANA akaba ari ibindi bitero bitandukanye n’icy’i Nyanza ya Kicukiro. [111] Ku byo IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude n’abamwunganira bavuga ko BENIMANA Ignace na MUKAYIRANGA Spéciose batanga ubuhamya mu Rukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga batigeze bavuga ko bamubonye ari kumwe na RUTAGANDA Georges mu gitero cy’interahamwe, uru Rukiko rusanga kuba baba bataramuvuze atari impamvu yatesha agaciro ubuhamya bwabo, kuko icyo bari bagiye gutangaho ubuhamya muri urwo Rukiko ari ibikorwa bya jenoside RUTAGANDA Georges yari akurikiranyweho n’urwo Rukiko birimo ibyo yakoreye i Nyanza ya Kicukiro, bakaba batari bategetswe kuvuga kuri IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude mu gihe atari umuburanyi muri urwo rubanza. [112] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga inyandiko zakozwe na Polisi y’Ubuholandi zikubiyemo amakuru yatanzwe na KSD na HGF, IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude avuga ko ari amazina yahawe BENIMANA Igance na MUKAYIRANGA Spéciose, nk’uko byasobanuwe mu gika cya 42 cy’uru rubanza, zitagomba gushingirwaho mu isesengura ry’ubuhamya bwa BENIMANA Ignace na MUKAYIRANGA Spéciose, kuko nta kigaragaza ku buryo budashidikanywaho ko izo nyandiko ari izabo, ndetse zikaba zitujuje ibiteganywa n’amategeko bituma zifatwa nk’inyandikomvugo y’umutangabuhamya yakoreshwa nk’ikimenyetso mu rubanza. [113] Hashingiwe ku isesengura rikozwe ku buhamya bwa BENIMANA Ignace, ubwa MUKAYIRANGA Spéciose n’ubwa MUGOREWERA Madeleine, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwemeranywa n’Urukiko Rukuru ko ubuhamya n’imvugo zabo ari ibimenyetso bigaragaza nta shiti ko IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude alias NZINGA yagize uruhare mu iyicwa ry’Abatutsi i Nyanza ya Kicukiro, kuko bahuriza ku kuba yari mu nterahamwe zashoreye abatutsi zibajyana i Nyanza ya Kicukiro no kuba yari mu gitero cy’interahamwe cyahiciye Abatutsi benshi.

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b) Kumenya niba ubuhamya bwa DIB, DIC na DID bwaragombaga guhabwa agaciro Imiburanire ya IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude n’abamwunganira [114] IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude n’abamwunganira bavuga ko Urukiko rutahaye agaciro ubuhamya bwa DIB, DIC na DID ruvuga ko nta bumenyi bafite ku byabereye i Nyanza ya Kicukiro, n’uko ubuhamya bwabo butavuguruza ubw’abatangabuhamya bamushinja bari bahari, rwirengagije ko bemeje ko batamubonye mu bantu bari bashoreye abantu bagiye kuhabicira. Basobanura ko DIB na DIC ari abavandimwe bari batuye kuri SONATUBES, urupangu rwabo ruri hejuru y’umuhanda, ko babonaga abantu bose babanyuraga imbere yarwo ku buryo iyo aza kuba mu gihiriri cy’abasirikare n’abajandarume bari bashoreye Abatutsi babajyanye i Nyanza ya Kicukiko, bari guhita bamubona kuko bari basanzwe bamuzi neza. [115] Bakomeza bavuga ko ubuhamya bwa DID nabwo bwagombaga guhabwa agaciro, kuko afite ubumenyi buhagije ku byabereye Kicukiro Centre aho yari atuye, ndetse akaba yari mu bahuruye igihe Abatutsi bari bashorewe bajyanywe i Nyanza ya Kicukiro, ko iyo IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude aza kuba mu modoka abashoreye atari kubura kumuvugisha kubera ko nawe yari asanzwe amuzi neza, kandi akaba yaravugishaga abamunyuraga imbere bose ababaza ibyo barimo. Basoza bavuga ko icyo gihe we yari avuye kuri ETO/Kicukiro gusigayo umuryango yari ahahungishirije kandi interahamwe zose zikaba zari zabimenye, bivuze ko atari kongera kuzisubiramo no kwidegembya imbere yazo kuko zari kumugirira nabi.

Imiburanire y’Ubushinjacyaha [116] Abahagarariye Ubushinjacyaha bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwasesenguye ubuhamya bwa DIB, DIC na DID rusanga nta bumenyi bafite ku birebana n’ubwicanyi bw’Abatutsi bwabereye i Nyanza ya Kicukiro, kubera ko DIC yavuze ko atigeze ava mu rugo rwabo, ko atanashoboraga kubona ibyaberaga mu muhanda ugana i Nyanza ya Kicukiro, akaba ataranahageze, ngo amenye ko abatutsi bahiciwe. [117] Bakomeza bavuga ko ubuhamya bwa DID nabwo bugaragaza ko nta bumenyi buhagije afite ku byabereye i Nyanza, kubera ko atahageze, ko atari no kubibona kuko kuva aho yari atuye kugera i Nyanza ya Kicukiro hari intera nka metero magana inani (800 m) ugereranyije, ko n’igihe yageraga ku muhanda atahiriwe ngo abe yarabonye abantu bose, naho umutangabuhamya DIB we akaba yarazanywe mu Rukiko kugira ngo asobanure ibirebana n’ubwicanyi bwabereye kuri ETO Kicukiro gusa. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [118] Ingingo ya 53 y’Itegeko N° 062/2024 ryo ku wa 20/06/2024 ryavuzwe iteganya ko ari Urukiko rufite ububasha bwo gusesengura ubuhamya, rukabwemera cyangwa ntirubwemere nk’ikimenyetso, rurebye ubumenyi ababutanga bafite ku byabaye no ku budakemwa bwabo.

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[119] Nk’uko bigaragarira mu gika cya 96 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru rwasesenguye ubuhamya bwatanzwe na DIB, DIC na DID, rusanga butahabwa agaciro kuko nta bumenyi bafite ku bwicanyi bw’Abatutsi bwabereye i Nyanza ya Kicukiro, kuko rwasanze nta n’umwe muri bo wahageze. Rwasanze kandi n’ibyo bavuze ko batigeze babona IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude kuri SONATUBES na Kicukiro Centre mu nterahamwe zari zishoreye Abatutsi zibajyanye i Nyanza ya Kicukiro nta reme bifite, kuko bivugira ko hari hari abantu benshi ku buryo nk’ababireberaga ku ruhande batashoboraga kumenya ko IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yarimo cyangwa atarimo, bityo ko ubuhamya bwabo butavuguruza ubuhamya bw’abemeje uruhare rwe mu bwicanyi bwabereye i Nyanza ya Kicukiro. [120] Ku byerekeye ubuhamya bwatanzwe, umutangabuhamya DIC atanga ubuhamya mu Rukiko Rukuru yasobanuye ko ku wa 11/04/1994, ubwo yari ku gipangu cyabo, hagati ya saa saba na saa kumi n’imwe z’umugoroba, yabonye abantu benshi bari bavanywe kuri SONATUBES bashorewe n’abasirikare n’interahamwe banyura mu muhanda imbere y’igipangu cyabo, ko yabonaga abantu bose bahacaga, ariko atabonyemo IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude nk’umuntu yari asanzwe azi. Yanavuze ko uwo munsi yiriwe mu rugo, atakurikiye abo bantu aho bari bajyanywe, kandi aho bari batuye ku muhanda wa Brasserie n’i Nyanza ya Kicukiro hakaba hari ibilometero bibiri (2 kms), ndetse ko uwo munsi atashoboye kumenya gahunda ya IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude. [121] Umutangabuhamya DIB yavuze ko ku wa 11/04/1994, yiriwe mu rugo rwabo, ko atigeze agera i Nyanza ya Kicukiro, ndetse ko atigeze abona IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude uwo munsi. Avuga ko yamubonye muri ETO ubwo yari avuye mu rugo agiye gushaka imiti, amubona ku kibuga cya ETO atwaye umuryango wa KANINGU, afata imiti, bo barakomeza, asubira mu rugo araryama. Bigeze saa kumi n’imwe yumva induru arasohoka ajya kureba, abona abantu benshi bavaga SONATUBES bashorewe n’interahamwe n’abajandarumwe, ariko ko atigeze abona IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude muri abo bantu. [122] Na none umutangabuhamya DID yasobanuye ko ku wa 11/04/1994, nyuma ya saa sita yamaze isaha irenga ahagaze ku muhanda wa Kicukiro Centre aho yari atuye abona abantu benshi cyane bari bavuye kuri ETO Kicukiro bashorewe n’interahamwe, abasirikare n’aba Polisi bajyanywe i Nyanza ya Kicukiro, ariko we atigeze ahagera. Yanavuze ko umwanya yamaze ku muhanda atigeze abona IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude, ndetse ko kuva indege ya HABYARIMANA yaraswa atigeze amubona. [123] Isesengura ry’ubuhamya bwa DIC, DIB na DID rigaragaza ko bahuriza ku kuba ku wa 11/04/1994 nyuma ya saa sita babonye abantu benshi cyane bashorewe n’interahamwe n’abasirikare ; DIC na DIB bakavuga ko babavanaga kuri SONATUBES naho DID akavuga ko yababonye Kicukiro Centre babajyanye i Nyanza ya Kicukiro, banahuriza ku kuba batarabonye IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude muri abo bantu n’uko batigeze bagera i Nyanza Kicukiro. [124] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga nta shingiro rwaha ibivugwa na IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude by’uko kuba abatangabuhamya DIB, DIC na DID bataramubonye mu nterahamwe n’abasikare bashoreye Abatutsi babavana kuri SONATUBES, ari ikimenyetso kigaragaza ko atagize uruhare mu bwicanyi bw’Abatutsi bwabereye i Nyanza ya Kicukiro, kuko uretse n’uko abo batangabuhamya bemeje ko batigeze bakurikira abo bantu, banemeza ko batigeze bagera i Nyanza ya Kicukiro ahabereye ubwicanyi. Ubuhamya bwabo rero bukaba butavuguruza

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ubw’abatangabuhamya bamushinja ari bo BENIMANA Ignace na MUGOREWERA Madeleine, kuko bo bemeza ko ku wa 11/04/1994 bamwiboneye ari mu gitero cy’interahamwe cyaje i Nyanza ya Kicukiro kikahicira abatutsi benshi, bo bakaharokokera, ndetse ko BENIMANA Ignace na MUKAYIRANGA Spéciose banemeza ko uwo munsi, bamubonye Kicukiro Centre ubwo bari bashorewe n’interahamwe. [125] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga, nk’uko n’Urukiko Rukuru rwabibonye, aba batangabuhamya DIB, DIC na DID ubuhamya bwabo budashinjura IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude ku birebana n’uruhare yagize mu bwicanyi bwabereye i Nyanza ya Kicukiro kuko bose bemeza ko batigeze bahagera.

2. Kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwarahamije IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude icyaha cya jenoside rutabanje kugaragaza umugambi wihariye yagize wo kurimbura ubwoko bw’abatutsi.

Imiburanire ya IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude n’abamwunganira [126] IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude n’abamwunganira Me SEMANZA Jean Damascène na Me BUHURU Pierre Célestin bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwamuhamije icyaha cya jenoside rutagaragaje umugambi wihariye yagize wo kurimbura abatutsi, kuko rwirengagije ko atashoboraga kugira uwo mugambi kubera ko afitanye isano nabo, bitewe n’uko nyina yari umututsikazi nawe wahigwaga ngo yicwe kimwe n’abandi Batutsi. Banavuga ko iyo sano ari yo yatumye ashyira ubuzima bwe mu kaga, aharanira kurokora abatutsi benshi barimo abari barahungiye ku isambu yabo iri i Gahanga, n’umuryango wa KANINGU Claudien yahungishirije muri ETO/Kicukiro, ndetse ko iwabo mu rugo hari harahungiye Abatutsi benshi kubera ko nta rwango bari bafitiye Abatutsi. Bavuga ko basanga Urukiko rwaramwitiriye umugambi wo kurimbura ubwoko bw’Abatutsi rwirengagije ibyo byose, rutanabanje gusuzuma imibereho ye bwite ngo rubone ko yaranzwe no gukunda Abatutsi ku buryo atashoboraga kugambirira kubarimbura.

Imiburanire y’Ubushinjacyaha [127] Abahagarariye Ubushinjacyaha bavuga ko Urukiko rwahamije IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude icyaha cya jenoside rushingiye ku ruhare yagize mu bwicanyi bwakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 kandi ko icyo baziraga ari ubwoko bwabo. Bavuga kandi ko IYAMUREMYI Jean Claude nta mututsi yarokoye nk’uko abivuga, ahubwo yari afite umugambi wihariye wo kubarimbura, kuko yabakusanyirizaga iwabo mu rugo kugira ngo bazicwe nk’uko byagendekeye abiciwe ahiswe CND mu Rubirizi bavanywe iwabo mu rugo, ndetse kuba akomoka ku mututsikazi bitamubujije kujya mu bitero byishe abatutsi. Basoza bavuga ko nta kosa ryakozwe n’Urukiko Rukuru mu kwemeza ko yari afite umugambi wihariye wo gukora jenoside mu gihe yahamwe n’ibitero byishe abatutsi bibaziza ubwoko bwabo. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA

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[128] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo y’ubujurire zishingiye ku kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwarahamije IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude icyaha cya jenoside rutagaragaje ko yari afite umugambi wihariye wo kurimbura abatutsi. [129] Ingingo ya 2 y’Amasezerano Mpuzamahanga yo ku wa 09 Ukuboza 1948 agamije gukumira no guhana icyaha cya jenoside yemejwe mu Rwanda binyuze mu Itegeko - Teka no 08/75 ryo ku wa 12/02/1975, kimwe n’ingingo ya 91, y’Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ziteganya ko icyaha cya Jenoside ari kimwe mu bikorwa bikurikira, gikozwe kigambiriwe, kigamije kurimbura abantu bose cyangwa bamwe muri bo, bahuriye ku bwenegihugu, ku bwoko, ku ibara ry’uruhu cyangwa ku idini, bazira icyo bari cyo, haba mu bihe bisanzwe cyangwa mu bihe by'intambara: 1º kwica abo bantu; 2o kubatera ubumuga bw'umubiri cyangwa bwo mu mutwe; 3o kubashyira, ubigambiriye, mu mibereho ishobora gutuma barimbuka bose cyangwa harimbuka igice cyabo; 4o gufata ibyemezo bibabuza kubyara; 5o kubambura ku ngufu urubyaro rwabo ukaruha abandi bantu badahuje. [130] Nk’uko bigaragarira mu bika bya 132-143 by’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru rwasesenguye ibijyanye n’umugambi wihariye wo gukora jenoside waranze IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude. Rwasobanuye ibigize icyaha cya jenoside nk’uko byateganywaga n’ingingo ya 114 y’Itegeko Ngenga № 01/2012/OL ryo kuwa 02/05/2012 rishyiraho igitabo cy’amategeko ahana, ndetse ruyihuza n’ingingo ya kabiri (2) y’Amasezerano mpuzamahanga yo ku wa 09 Ukuboza 1948 agamije gukumira no guhana icyaha cya jenoside, izi ngingo zombi zikaba zisobanura ko uhamwa n’icyaha cya jenoside aba yarakoze kimwe mu bikorwa bigizwe no kwica abantu, kubatera ubumuga bw’umubiri cyangwa ubwo mu mutwe, kubashyira ubigambiriye mu mibereho ishobora gutuma barimbuka bose cyangwa harimbuka igice cyabo, gufata ibyemezo bibabuza kubyara, kubambura ku ngufu urubyaro rwabo ukaruha abandi bantu badahuje, gikozwe kigambiriwe, kigamije kurimbura abantu bose cyangwa bamwe muri bo, bahuriye ku bwenegihugu, ku bwoko, ku ibara ry’uruhu cyangwa ku idini, bazira icyo bari cyo, haba mu bihe bisanzwe cyangwa mu bihe by'intambara21. [131] Nyuma yo gusesengura ibiteganywa n’amategeko, Urukiko Rukuru rwagaragaje uburyo uyu mugambi wihariye wasobanuwe mu manza zitandukanye harimo n’izaciwe n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga rwashyiriweho u Rwanda, nk’urwa MUNYAKAZI Yussuf, urwa AKAYESU Jean Paul n’urwa KAMUHANDA Jean de Dieu, rukaba rwarasobanuye ko igitandukanya icyaha cya jenoside n’ibindi byaha ari uko iki gisaba ubushake bwihariye budashidikanywaho bwo kugikora, bugaragarira mu gushaka kurimbura abantu bose cyangwa bamwe muri bo bahuriye ku bwenegihugu, ku bwoko, ku ibara ry’uruhu cyangwa ku idini, bazira icyo bari cyo22. [132] Urukiko Rukuru rwasobanuye ko umugambi wihariye wo gukora jenoside ubonekera mu bikorwa IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude ashinjwa bigizwe n’igitero cyabereye ku Kigo nderabuzima cya Kicukiro ndetse n’igitero cyashoreye abatutsi biciwe i Nyanza ya Kicukiro. Urukiko Rukuru, mu gika cya 136 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, rwasobanuye ko ibitero IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yagizemo uruhare byari bigamije kwica abatutsi kubera ubwoko

21 Ibyateganywaga mu ngingo ya 114 y’Itegeko Ngenga No 01/2012 ninabyo biteganywa mu ngingo ya 91 y’Itegeko no 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange. 22 Reba igika cya 138 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa.

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bwabo, bikaba byarahitanye abantu b’ingeri zose barimo abana, abagore n’abasaza, bose bahuriye ku kintu kimwe aricyo, ubwoko bw’abatutsi. [133] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga, ibyo IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude avuga ko atashoboraga kugira umugambi wihariye wo kurimbura abatutsi kubera ko nyina yari umututsikazi, nta shingiro bifite kuko ubwabyo atari impamvu yatuma atagira umugambi wihariye wo gukora jenoside mu gihe yagaragaye mu bitero by’interahamwe byiciye abatutsi ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro n’i Nyanza ya Kicukiro kandi yari azi neza ko icyo bigamije ari ukurimbura abantu bo mu bwoko bw’abatutsi. [134] Ku bijyanye n’abantu IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude avuga ko yarokoye jenoside abavanye i Gahanga ku isambu yabo hamwe n’umuryango wa KANINGU Claudien yahungishirije muri ETO Kicukiro, ndetse akabikora ashyize ubuzima bwe mu kaga, ibi bikorwa Urukiko Rukuru rwabisesenguye mu gika cya 155 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, rusanga bitamuvanaho uburyozwacyaha kubera uruhare yagize mu bitero byishe abatutsi ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro n’i Nyanza ya Kicukiro, ahubwo byamubera impamvu ngabanyagihano, ibyo bikaba byaratumye ahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 25 mu mwanya w’igifungo cya burundu yari yasabiwe n’Ubushinjacyaha. [135] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga, nk’uko Urukiko Rukuru rwabibonye, umugambi wihariye wo gukora jenoside wa IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude wagaragajwe n’ubushake bwo kugira uruhare mu bitero yagiyemo bikica abatutsi byamuhamye, kandi bikaba byarakozwe hagambiriwe gutsemba abatutsi. Kuba rero hari ibikorwa byiza avuga yaba yarakoze atabara bamwe mu Batutsi bahigwaga, bikaba bitavanaho ko yari afite uwo mugambi wihariye wagaragajwe n’ibitero yagiyemo byavuzwe. [136] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rushingiye ku bisobanuro byatanzwe mu bika bibanziriza iki, rurasanga ingingo y’ubujurire bwa IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude irebana n’uko nta mugambi wihariye wo gukora icyaha cya jenoside yagize nta shingiro bifite, kuko Urukiko Rukuru rwagaragaje ko ugaragarira mu bikorwa yakoze byo kujya mu bitero byishe abatutsi nk’uko byasobanuwe. B. UBUJURIRE BW’UBUSHINJACYAHA

1. Kumenya niba IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude ataragombaga kugabanyirizwa ibihano

Imiburanire y’Ubushinjacyaha [137] Abahagarariye Ubushinjacyaha bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwakoze ikosa ryo kugabanyiriza IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude igihano ruvuga ko yari umwana igihe yakoraga icyaha rwirengagije ko yari mukuru bihagije, kuko umwirondoro we ugaragaza ko yari afite imyaka 19 y’amavuko, runavuga ko yakoze icyaha bitewe no gushukwa rutagaragaje uburyo yaguye mu bishuko n’abamushutse abo aribo. Basaba ko ayo makosa yakosorwa, agahanishwa igifungo cya burundu kubera uburemere w’ icyaha cya jenoside yahamijwe.

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Imiburanire ya IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude n’abamwunganira [138] IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude n’abamwunganira bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rutigeze ruvuga ko IYAMUREMYE ari umwana, ko ahubwo rwavuze ko yari umusore muto mu gihe icyaha ashinjwa cyakorwaga, ko ibi bihuje n’ukuri kuko umusore w’imyaka 19 aba akiri muto, kandi ko Urukiko rufite ububasha bwo gusuzuma impamvu zatuma ushinjwa agabanyirizwa ibihano, bakaba basanga ubujurire bw’Ubushinjacyaha nta shingiro bufite, kuko butagaragaza itegeko ryishwe hagenwa icyo gihano n’ubwo batacyemera. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [139] Ingingo ya 183 y’Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, mu gace kayo ka 6, iteganya ko ujurira agomba gutanga ibisobanuro kuri buri nenge cyangwa kuri buri kibazo bigaragaza amakosa yakozwe n’uburyo agomba gukosorwa hashingiwe ku mategeko n’ibimenyetso n’igisabwa Urukiko. [140] Ingingo ya 92 y’Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange nk’uko yahinduwe n’ingingo ya 5 y’Itegeko No 059/23 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 iteganya ibi bikurikira : “Umuntu ukoze kimwe mu bikorwa bivugwa mu ngingo ya 91 y’iri Tegeko aba akoze icyaha. Iyo abihamijwe n’urukiko ahanishwa igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu”. [141] Naho ingingo ya 2 y’Itegeko N° 59/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 ihindura ingingo ya 60 y’Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 ryavuzwe, iteganya ko “iyo umucamanza yemeje impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ashobora kugabanya igihano ku buryo bukurikira : (a) igifungo cya burundu gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15”. [142] Ingingo ya 49 y’Itegeko Nº68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, iteganya ko Umucamanza atanga igihano akurikije uburemere bw'icyaha, ingaruka icyaha cyateye, impamvu zatumye agikora, uko uwagikoze yari asanzwe yitwara, imibereho ye bwite n’uburyo icyaha cyakozwemo. Iyo hari impurirane z’impamvu zashingirwaho, umucamanza agomba kwita ku rutonde rukurikira mu kugena igihano : 1º impamvu nkomezacyaha ; 2º impamvu nyoroshyacyaha. [143] Ingingo ya 58 y’iryo Tegeko yo igateganya ko Umucamanza ubwe ari we ugena niba impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zemezwa n’umucamanza zahabwa agaciro. Kwemeza impamvu nyoroshyacyaha bigomba gusobanurwa mu cyemezo cy’urukiko. [144] Ikibazo cy’itangwa ry’igihano iyo hari impurirane y’impamvu nyoroshyacyaha n’impamvu nkomezacyaha byatanzweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza RPA/GEN 0001/15/CS haburana Ubushinjacyaha na BANDORA Charles rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 22/03/2019. Muri urwo rubanza Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwemeje ko impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zigenwa n’Urukiko mu bushishozi bwarwo, ariko impamvu nkomezacyaha ziba ziteganywa n’itegeko, cyangwa se Ubushinjacyaha bugatanga ibimenyetso bigaragaza ku buryo budashidikanywaho impamvu uwahamwe n’icyaha agomba guhabwa igihano kinini. Muri urwo rubanza kandi Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwavuze ko n’ubwo BANDORA Charles yahamwe n’ibyaha bifite uburemere, kandi byagize n’ingaruka zikomeye ku muryango nyarwanda, kuba yarahamwe n’ibi byaha bidahagije kugira ngo bibe impamvu nkomezacyaha zituma igihano yahanishijwe

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kiyongera mu gihe Ubushinjacyaha butagaragaje ko yabikoranye urwango n’ubugome birenze iby’abandi bakoze ibyaha mu gace byakorewemo22. [145] Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwagaragaje ko uwo murongo ari nawo wafashwe n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga rwashyiriweho u Rwanda mu rubanza rwa KALIMANZIRA Callixte23. [146] Nk’uko bigaragarira mu gika cya 160 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru rwagabanyirije IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude igihano hashingiwe ku mpamvu z’uko yakoze icyaha akiri umusore muto ushobora kugwa mu bishuko ku buryo bworoshye, no kuba hari abo yashoboye guhungisha ; rugena igihano rushingiye ku byateganywaga n’ingingo ya 60, agace ka 10 y’Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange25, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 25 aho kumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu. [147] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga, uretse kutemeranywa n’ibisobanuro byatanzwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Ubushinjacyaha butagaragaza Itegeko ryishwe mu guhanisha IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude igifungo cy’imyaka 25 aho kumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu bwari bwamusabiye. Kuri uru rwego naho bukaba buterekana ko igifungo cya burundu ari cyo gihano cyonyine gihabwa abahamwe n’icyaha cya jenoside, uretse ko nk’uko byatanzweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza rwa BANDORA Charles rwavuzwe, butagaragaza ko ibikorwa by’icyaha cya jenoside akurikiranyweho yabikoranye urwango n’ubugome birenze iby’abandi ku buryo byatuma igihano yahanishijwe cyiyongera. [148] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga kandi Ubushinjacyaha buha ubusobanuro butari bwo ijambo “umusore muto” ryakoreshejwe n’Urukiko Rukuru mu gika cya 155 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa ; iri jambo rikaba ridasobanura kuba umwana nk’uko Ubushinjabyaha bubiburanisha, ahubwo risobanura umuntu ufite ubukure butuma akurikiranwa ku byaha yakoze, ariko mu kumuhana hakitabwa ku kuba aribwo akiva mu myaka y’ubwana. [149] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rusanga na none, kuba umuntu ukiva mu bwana yagabanyirizwa igihano bishingiye kuri iki kigero cy’imyaka, bitagize umwihariko w’uru rubanza, ahubwo mu manza nyinshi, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga24 n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire zashimangiye uyu murongo, zigaragaza ko umuntu ukiva mu bwana (Young adult), aba arangwa n’ubushishozi bucye mu byo

22 Reba igika cya 91 cy’urwo rubanza. 23 The Chamber has wide discretion in determining what constitutes mitigating and aggravating circumstances and the weight to be accorded thereto. While aggravating circumstances need to be proven beyond reasonable doubt, mitigating circumstances need only be established on a “balance of probabilities”. Proof of mitigating circumstances does not automatically entitle the accused to a “credit” in the determination of the sentence; it simply requires the Trial Chamber to consider such mitigating circumstances in its final determination. […] However, the Chamber considers that Kalimanzira’s actions did not evidence any particular zeal or sadism. He did not personally kill anyone and only remained at the sites for a brief period […]”Case No . ICTR-05-88-T, Callixte KALIMANZIRA, para. 748-752. 25 Ingingo yateganyaga ko iyo hari impamvu zigabanya ububi bw’icyaha, ibihano bishobora kugabanywa ku buryo igihano cyo gufungwa burundu gishobora kugabanya ariko ntikijye munsi y’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25). 24 Urubanza n o RS/INJUST/RP 00003/2019/SC rwaciwe ku wa 28 Mutarama 2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na NIYONSABA Eric

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akora, kandi ko ibyo bishobora kumubera impamvu ngabanyagihano25. Rurasanga kuri iyi ngingo, ubujurire bw’Ubushinjacyaha nta shingiro bufite.

Ku birebana n’igihano gikwiye guhanishwa IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude [150] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga, mu gihe ingingo z’ubujurire nta shingiro zifite, nta kibuza Urukiko kugabanyiriza ushinjwa igihano, hagamijwe gutanga igihano gikwiye, gihuye n’uburemere bw’icyaha, ingaruka cyateye, impamvu zatumye agikora, uko uwagikoze yari asanzwe yitwara, imibereho ye bwite n’uburyo icyaha cyakozwemo nk’uko byatanzweho umurongo n’uru Rukiko mu rubanza RPAA 00039/2021/CA rwaciwe ku wa 02/07/2021 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na SHAKABATENDA Jean de Dieu28. Uyu murongo wagendeweho n’imanza zaciwe n’uru Rukiko, mu ziheruka harimo nk’urubanza RPAA 00330/2022/CA rwaciwe ku wa 27/09/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na BIGIRUMWAMI Jean de Dieu bita Eric26. [151] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rusanga, kuva aho IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude ajuririye, ingingo ya 60, agace ka 10 y’Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 ryavuzwe yashingiweho mu kumugenera igihano yarahinduwe n’ingingo ya 2 y’Itegeko N° 59/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 ryavuzwe, iteganya ko igifungo cya burundu gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’imyaka 15. Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rutirengagije uburemere bw’ibikorwa IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yakoze byo kujya mu bitero byishe Abatutsi ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro n’i Nyanza ya Kicukiro, rurebye rero ko kuri uru rwego hari ibitero IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yari yahamijwe yagizweho umwere kuko rwasanze atari yarabirezwe, ndetse n’uko ibyaha yakoze bitamushyira mu rwego rw’abateguye n’abayoboye ibitero byishe Abatutsi, ari impamvu ngabanyagihano ziyongera kuzagaragarajwe n’Urukiko Rukuru zituma kuri uru rwego rw’Ubujurire IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude yongera kugabanyirizwa igihano. [152] Urukiko rurasanga impamvu yo kuba ushijwa atarabaye mu bateguye cyangwa abayoboye ibitero muri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu 1994, zarashingiweho n’uru Rukiko mu kugabanyiriza igihano TWAGIRAYEZU Wenceslas wahanishijwe igifungo cy’imyaka 20 mu rubanza RPA/GEN 00001/2024/CA rwaciwe ku wa 31/07/202427. Mu rwego rwo guhuza imihanire ku manza zifitanye isano, Uru Rukiko rurasanga IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude nawe akwiye guhanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 20, aho kuba igifungo cy’imyaka 25 yahanishijwe n’Urukiko Rukuru kubera guhamwa n’icyaha cya jenoside. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [153] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe. [154] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bw’Ubushinjacyaha nta shingiro bufite.

25 Reba igika cya 32 cy’uurbanza nº RPAA 00042/2020/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 31/01/2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na MERERWANEZA Valens. Reba nanone igika cya 18 cy’urubanza RPAA 00408/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 20/01/2023 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na NYIRISHEMA Fiston. 28 Reba igika cyarwo cya 35. 26 Reba igika cyarwo cya 27 27 Reba igika cya 313 cy’urwo rubanza.

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[155] Rwemeje ko urubanza RP 00001/2017/HC/HCCIC rwaciwe ku wa 30/06/2021 n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwihariye ruburanisha ibyaha byo ku rwego mpuzamahanga n’ibyambuka imbibi ruhindutse ku birebana n’igitero cyabereye kwa GATARASI Thaddée no kwa DCA no ku birebana n’igihano. [156] Rwemeje ko IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude ahamwa n’icyaha cya jenoside. [157] Ruhanishije IYAMUREMYE Jean Claude igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20). [158] Rutegetse ko asonerwa amagarama y’urubanza kuko aburana afunze.