UBUSHINJACYAHA v UWIMANA

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v UWIMANA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2024-12-20 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00433/2023/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v UWIMANA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA 00433/2023/CA (Rugabirwa, P.J.) 20 Ukuboza 2024] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha - Kujurira - Ibihe by’ubujurire - Gutangira kubarwa kw’ibihe by’ubujurire - Umuburanyi wari uhibereye cyangwa wari uhagarariwe urubanza rupfundikirwa ibihe byo kujurira bitangira kubarwa haherewe ku gihe urubanza rwaciriwe. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uwimana yahuye na Mukangwije mu nzira agiye gusoroma icyayi, amusaba ko bakora imibonano mpuzabitsina undi aramwangira, amufata ku ngufu maze arangije ajya mu rugo iwe azana umuhoro aramutemagura kuko yakekaga ko azamurega, amukata umutwe awujugunya awutandukanyije n’igihimba agamije guhisha ibimenyetso. Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Uwimana mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gicumbi icyaha cy’ubwicanyi bumusabira igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu. Uregwa yaburanye yemera icyaha, Urukiko rushingiye kuri uko kwemera kwe no ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya batandukanye rumukatira igihano cy’igifungo cya burndu. Uregwa yajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko Rukuru asaba kugabanyirizwa ibihano kuko yemera icyaha mu buryo budashidikanywaho ariko urwo rukiko rushingiye ku buremere n’ubugome yakoranye icyaha, rusanga adakwiriye kugabanyirizwa ruhamishaho igifungo cya burundu. Uwimana yajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire asaba kugabanyirizwa ibihano. Ubushinjacyaha bwatanze inzitizi yo kutakira ubwo bujurire kuko yabutanze impitagihe. Uru rukiko rwasuzumye ikibazo cyo kumenya niba ubujurire bwa Uwimana butagomba kwakirwa kubera ko bwakererewe. Ubushinjacyaha busobanura ko igihe cyo kujurira ari iminsi 30 ibarwa kuva ku munsi urubanza rwaciriweho ku muburanyi wari uhari igihe urubanza rwacibwaga, bityo ubujurire bukaba butagomba kwakirwa kuko bwatanzwe bukererewe. Urubanza rujuririrwa rwasomwe ku wa 11/05/2023, Uwimana ahari, kopi yarwo ishyirwa muri système ya IECMS uwo munsi, uregwa yandika ibaruwa ye y’ubujurire ku wa 30/5/2023, ariko ayishyikiriza Ubuyobozi bw’Igororero rya Gicumbi ku wa 30/6/2023, bigaragara ko imininsi 30 y’ubujurire yari yarenze. Uwimana avuga ko yanditse ibaruwa ajurira ku wa 30/05/2023 ariko ubuyobozi bw’Igororero rya Gicumbi bwanga kuyakira ngo kuko imashini zabo zari zapfuye batabasha kubona numero y’urubanza bityo agasanga ayo makosa y’Igororero yo kutamwakirira ibaruwa atamugiraho ingaruka. Incamake y’icyemezo: Umuburanyi wari uhibereye cyangwa wari uhagarariwe urubanza rupfundikirwa ibihe byo kujurira bitangira kubarwa haherewe ku gihe urubanza rwaciriwe. Ubujurire ntibwakiriwe. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, ingingo ya 181, 262.

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Imanza zifashishijwe: RPAA 00060/2021/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Gakoza Eugène, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/09/2022. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ubushinjacyaha bwakurikiranyeho Uwimana Jean Damascène ibyaha bitatu (3) byavuzwe haruguru, kubera ko yategeye mu nzira umugore witwa Mukangwije Léonie agiye gusoroma icyayi mu murima, akamusaba ko baryamana undi yakwanga akamufata ku ngufu, yarangiza kumusambanya agakeka ko azamurega, nyuma akigira inama yo kumwica akajya iwe gushaka umupanga akagaruka akamuca igihanga akajya kukijugunya nko muri metero ijana (100) y’aho yamwiciye, aha akaba yari agamije kujijisha abazabona uwo murambo ngo batazamenya uwo muntu uwo ariwe. Uwimana Jean Damascène yaburanye yemera icyaha akanagisabira imbabazi akavuga ko atazongera kwica undi muntu, ko ahubwo yakoze icyaha bimutunguye, atagiteguye. [2] Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gicumbi rwaregewe, rushingiye ku kwemera icyaha kwa Uwimana Jean Damascène, ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya bamushinja barimo Mushimiyimana Francine, Iragena Séraphine, Nturambirwe Thomas, umugore we Mukandayisenga Odette na Musabyimana bose bemeje ko ariwe wishe Mukangwije Léonie nyuma yo kumusambanya ku gahato, yarangiza akamwica amukase umutwe, yarangiza, akajya kuwuhisha kugira ngo hatazagira umenya uwo murambo nk’uko bishimangirwa na raporo y’Ubuyobozi bw’Inzego z’Ibanze yo ku wa 15/01/2020 isobanura ku buryo burambuye uko nyakwigendera yishwe ku buryo bw’agashinyaguro bikozwe na Uwimana Jean Damascène wamutangiriye agiye gusoroma icyayi mu murima, rwaciye urubanza Nº RP 00036/2020/TGI/GIC ku wa 28/01/2020, rwemeza ko Uwimana Jean Damascène ahamwa n’icyaha cy’ubwicanyi, icyo guca umwanya w’umubiri ku murambo no gukoresha undi imibonano mpuzabitsina ku gahato, rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu kubera ubugome bukabije yakoranye ibyo byaha. [3] Uwimana Jean Damascène yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru, arusaba kumugabanyiriza ibihano kubera ko yemeye icyaha ku buryo budashidikanywaho. Naho uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko n’ubwo Uwimana Jean Damascène yemera icyaha, atagabanyirizwa ibihano, kuko Urukiko rudategetswe kumugabanyiriza ibihano kubera uburemere bw’ibyaha yakoze, bityo ko hagumishwaho igifungo cya burundu yahawe. [4] Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze n’ubwo Uwimana Jean Damascène yaburanye yemera icyaha akanagisabira imbabazi bitamubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha ituma agabanyirizwa ibihano, kuko umucamanza adategetswe kugabanya ibihano igihe cyose habayeho kwemera icyaha, no kubera uburemere n’ubugome yakoranye icyaha ubwo yicaga Mukangwije Léonie urupfu rw’agashinyaguro amaze kumusambanya hanyuma akanamuca umutwe, ruca urubanza Nº RPA 00250/2020/HC/KIG ku wa 11/05/2023, rwemeza ko urubanza rwajuririwe rudahindutse. [5] Uwimana Jean Damascène yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, ubujurire bwe buhabwa Nº RPAA 00433/2023/CA, urubanza ruburanishwa mu ruhame ku wa 05/12/2024,

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Uwimana Jean Damascène yunganiwe na Me Mukwende Milimo Olivier, naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Mukunzi Fautin, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [6] Mu mwanzuro w’ubujurire no mu miburanire, Uwimana Jean Damascène n’umwunganira bavuga ko akwiye kugabanyirizwa ibihano kubera ko yemeye icyaha akanagisabira imbabazi, no kuba aribwo bwa mbere akoze icyaha. Bavuga kandi ko inzitizi zatanzwe n’Ubushinjacyaha zo kutakira ubujurire bwe, kuko bwakerere, no kubera ko yatsinzwe mu Nkiko zombi zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, nta shingiro zifite, kubera ko ubujurire bwe butakererewe, kandi ko atatsinzwe ku mpamvu zimwe mu Nkiko zombi. [7] Naho uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko Uwimana Jean Damascène atanga inzitizi yo kutakira ubujurire bwe, kuko bwatanzwe bukererewe, no kubera ko yatsinzwe mu Nkiko zombi zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, ariko ko mu gihe ubujurire bwe bwakiriwe, hakwemezwa ko nta shingiro bufite. [8] Urukiko ruhereye kuri izo mpaka, rurasanga ibibazo biri muri uru rubanza ari ibi bikurikira: kumenya niba ubujurire bwa Uwimana Jean Damascène butagomba kwakirwa kubera bwatanzwe bukerere, no kubera ko yatsinzwe mu Nkiko zombi zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, mu gihe ubujurire bwe bwakiriwe, aribwo hasuzumwa ikibazo cyo kumenya niba yagabanyirizwa ibihano kubera ko yemeye icyaha akanagisabira imbabazi. [9] Muri iryo buranisha, Urukiko rwasuzumye inzitizi yatanzwe n’Ubushinjacyaha yo kumenya niba ubujurire bwa Uwimana Jean Damascène butagomba kwakirwa kubera ko bwakererewe. II. ISESENGURA RY’IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA Kumenya niba ubujurire bwa Uwimana Jean Damascène butagomba kwakirwa kubera ko bwakererewe [10] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 181, igika cya mbere, y’Itegeko N° 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza nshinjabyaha, iteganya ko igihe cyo kujurira ari iminsi 30 ibarwa kuva ku munsi urubanza rwaciriweho ku muburanyi wari uhari igihe urubanza rwacibwaga, ubujurire bwa Uwimana Jean Damascène butagomba kwakirwa, kuko bwatanzwe bukererewe, kubera ko urubanza Nº RPA 00250/2020/HC/KIG rujuririrwa rwasomwe ku wa 11/05/2023, kopi yarwo ishyirwa muri système ya IECMS uwo munsi ku wa 11/5/2023, yandika ibaruwa ye y’ubujurire ku wa 30/5/2023, ariko ayishyikiriza Ubuyobozi bw’Igororero rya Gicumbi ku wa 30/6/2023, umunsi bwayisinyeho bunayiteraho kashe bwemeza ko buyakiriye, bigaragara ko imininsi 30 y’ubujurire yari yarenze, bityo ko ubujurire bwe butagomba kwakirwa kuko bwakererewe nk’uko byatanzweho umurongo mu rubanza RPAA Nº RPAA 00524/2022/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 26/01/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Harerimana Emmanuel (igika cya 17). [11] Avuga kandi ko ibivugwa na Uwimana Jean Damascène n’umwunganira by’uko imashini z’Igororero rya Gicumbi zari zapfuye ku buryo batashoboraga kubona nimero y’urubanza azaburaniraho mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire nta shingiro bifite, kuko gusinya no gutera kashe ku ibaruwa ye y’ubujurire bitasabaga ko imashini z’iryo Gororero ziba zarakoraga cyangwa

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zitarakoraga, kandi ko ikibazo kiri muri uru rubanza, atari uko iyo baruwa yashyizwe muri système ya IECMS ku wa 21/07/2023, ko ahubwo ari uko nta kimenyetso yatanze kigaragaza ko yashyikirije Ubuyobozi bw’iryo Gororero ibaruwa ye y’ubujurire umunsi yayandikiyeho wo ku wa 30/5/2023, ariko ntibwayisinyaho ngo bunayitereho kashe. [12] Uwimana Jean Damascène n’umwunganira bavuga ko ubujurire bwe bukwiye kwakirwa kubera ko butakererewe, kuko yanditse ibaruwa ye y’ubujurire ku wa 30/5/2023 anayitanga ku Buyobozi bw’Igororero rya Gicumbi uwo munsi, ni ukuvuga mu gihe cy’iminsi 30 y’ubujurire iteganywa n’amategeko kubera ko igihe ntarengwa yagombaga kujuririraho ari ku wa 10/06/2023, ariko ko impamvu Ubuyobozi bw’iryo Gororero butayisinye ngo bunayitereho kashe uwo munsi, ari uko imashini zaryo zari zapfuye ku buryo butashoboraga kubona nimero y’urubanza azaburaniraho mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire. [13] Bavuga ko ahubwo Ubuyobozi bw’Igororero rya Gicumbi aribwo bwakoze amakosa yo kudasinya ku ibaruwa ye y’ubujurire no kutayiteraho kashe umunsi bwayishyikirijweho na Uwimana Jean Damascène, ndetse ko butayishyize muri IECMS mu gihe cy’iminsi 30 y’ubujurire, ko ahubwo bwayisinye bunayiteraho kashe butinze ku wa 30/6/2023, bunayishyira muri IECMS ku wa 21/07/2023, ariko ko ayo makosa ataryozwa Uwimana Jean Damascène wanditse ibaruwa ye y’ubujurire anayishyikiriza Ubuyobozi bw’iryo Gororero mu gihe cy’ubujurire cyemewe n’amategeko, kandi ko atigenga ku buryo yashoboraga gutanga ikirego cye cy’ubujuirire muri uru Rukiko kuko afunze. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [14] Ingingo ya 181, igika cya mbere, y’Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, iteganya ko “Kujurira bikorwa mu gihe kitarenga iminsi mirongo itatu (30) uhereye ku itariki urubanza rwaciriweho ku muburanyi wari uhari cyangwa ahagarariwe igihe urubanza rwacibwaga. Icyo gihe gikurikizwa kandi ku muburanyi wamenyeshejwe mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko, umunsi urubanza ruzacibwaho ntaze cyangwa ngo yohereze umuhagararira”1. [15] Mu rubanza Nº RPAA 00060/2021/CA rwaciwe ku wa 27/09/2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Gakoza Eugène, mu gika cya 23, uru Rukiko rwasanze kuba Gakoza Eugène yaraburanishijwe ahari ku wa 07/06/2019, akamenyeshwa igihe urubanza ruzasomerwaho ku wa 20/06/2019, kandi umunsi urubanza yamenyeshejwe ko ruzasomerwaho akaba ariwo munsi rwasomeweho, ariko akajurira ku wa 29/07/2019, igihe cy’iminsi 30 y’ubujurire cyararenze, byumvikanisha ko ubujurire bwe butagombaga kwakirwa kuko bwatanzwe impitagihe, bityo ko nta kosa Urukiko Rukuru rwakoze mu kutakira ubujurire bwe. [16] Ku birebana n’uru rubanza, nk’uko dosiye ibigaragaza, urubanza nº RPA 00250/2020/HC/KIG rujuririrwa, rwaburanishijwe mu ruhame ku wa 19/04/2023, iburanisha

1 Naho ingingo ya 262, igika cya mbere y’iryo Tegeko, iteganya ko “Ibihe bibarwa mu minsi cyangwa mu masaha, bibarwa kuva saa sita z’ijoro kugeza saa sita z’ijoro z’umunsi ukurikiraho; ntabwo umunsi w’inyandiko cyangwa w’igikorwa bishingiyeho ubarirwamo, icyakora umunsi wa nyuma wabyo ubarirwamo wose”. Na none ibika bya 3 na 4 by’iyo ngingo biteganya ko “Iminsi y’ibiruhuko yemewe n’amategeko n’iminsi itari iy’akazi ibarirwa mu bihe byateganyijwe. Ariko, iyo umunsi wa nyuma w’igihe uhuye n’umunsi w’ikiruhuko cyangwa umunsi utari uw’akazi, igihe kirangira ku munsi w’akazi ukurikiraho”.

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rishojwe ababuranyi b’impande zombi bamenyeshwa ko ruzasomwa ku wa 11/05/2023, uwo munsi ugeze rurasomwa, Uwimana Jean Damascène ahari anasinya ku nyandiko-mvugo y’isomwa ryarwo, ndetse kopi yarwo ishyirwa muri système ya IECMS uwo munsi tariki ya 11/05/2023, bivuze ko igihe Uwimana Jean Damascène yajuriraga kopi y’urubanza rujuririrwa yari muri dosiye, Uwimana Jean Damascène yandika ibaruwa ye y’ubujurire ikubiyemo impamvu ze z’ubujurire ku wa 30/05/2023, ariko isinywa inaterwaho kashe n’Ubuyobozi bw’Igororero rya Gicumbi ku wa 30/6/2023, ishyirwa muri dosiye ya IECMS ku wa 21/07/2023. [17] Hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 181, igika cya mbere, y’Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019, no ku byemejwe mu rubanza nº RPAA 00060/2021/CA rwaciwe ku wa 27/09/2022 rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Gakoza Eugène rwavuzwe haruguru, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga, kuba urubanza Nº RPA 00250/2020/HC/KIG rujuririrwa rwarasomwe ku wa 11/05/2023, Uwimana Jean Damascène ahari akanasinya ku nyandiko-mvugo y’isomwa ryarwo, ndetse uwo munsi kopi yarwo igashyirwa muri dosiye iri muri IECMS, ariko akarujurira ku wa 30/6/2023 kuko aricyo gihe Ubuyobozi bw’Igororero rya Gicumbi bwasinye bunatera kashe ku ibaruwa ye y’ubujurire, bigaragara ko ubujurire bwe budakwiye kwakirwa, kuko bwakererewe, kubera ko bwatanzwe nyuma y’igihe cy’iminsi mirongo itatu (30) cy’ubujurire giteganywa n’ingingo ya 181, igika cya mbere, y’Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryavuzwe haruguru, kuko umunsi wa nyuma yagombaga kurujuririraho wari uwo ku wa 12/06/2023. [18] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga rero ibivugwa na Uwimana Jean Damascène by’uko kudatangira ku gihe ubujurire bwe byatewe n’imikorere mibi y’Igororero rya Gicumbi nta shingiro bifite, kuko nta kimenyetso abitangira uretse kubivuga mu magambo gusa. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [19] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Uwimana Jean Damascène butakiriwe kuko bwatanzwe bukererewe. [20] Rwemeje ko hagumyeho imikirize y’urubanza No RPA 00250/2020/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 11/05/2023, rwamuhanishije igifungo cya burundu. [21] Rutegetse ko amagarama y’urubanza aherera ku Isanduku ya Leta.