UWIZEYE N’UNDI v. MUREREYIMANA

# UWIZEYE N’UNDI v. MUREREYIMANA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2024-09-27 - Case/document no.: RS/INJUST/RC00025/2022/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UWIZEYE N’UNDI v. MUREREYIMANA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RS/INJUST/RC00025/2022/CA (Munyangeri, J. P., Ngagi na Kamere, J.) 27 Nzeri 2024] Amategeko agenga imanza mbonezamubano – Amasezerano – Amasezerano y’ubugure – Amasezerano y’ubugure bw’umutungo utimukanwa – Agaciro k’amasezerano y’ubugure bw’umutungo utimukanwa – Iyo hari amasezerano y’ubugure bw’umutungo utimukanwa amwe yarakorewe imbere ya Noteri w’ubutaka andi atarakorewe imbere ye, agira agaciro nayakorewe imbere ya Noteri nubwo yaba ari yo yakozwe nyuma. Incamake y’ikibazo: Murereyimana yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge avuga ko ku wa 19/06/2017, yagiranye na Rwambonera amasezerano y’ubugure bw’ikibanza ariko amusabye kumukorera ihererekanyamutungo rikorewe imbere ya noteri w’ubutaka arabyanga, bityo asaba urukiko gutegeka ko yandikwaho ubwo butaka. Uwizeye yagobotse muri urwo rubanza, avuga ko atemera ubwo bugure bwabaye hagati ya Murereyimana na Rwambonera, ko ahubwo ari we wakiguze na Rwambonera ku wa 11/07/2017, bityo asaba Urukiko kwemeza ko yandikwaho uwo mutungo, no gutegeka Murereyimana kumuha indishyi z’akababaro. Rwambonera wari nyiri ubutaka yisobanuye avuga ko nta masezerano yagiranye na Murereyimana kuko atari we wayasinyeho, ko ahubwo ayo yemera ari ayo yagiranye n’Uwizeye. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko amasezerano y’ubugure bw’ikibanza yabaye hagati ya Rwambonera n’Uwizeye nta gaciro afite, ko ahubwo ayakozwe hagati ya Murereyimana na Rwambonera afite agaciro, maze rutegeka ko ubwo butaka bumwandikwaho, ariko agaha Rwambonera amafaranga y’ubugure yari asigaje kumuha. Iki cyemezo Uwizeye na Rwambonera bakijuririye mu Rukiko Rukuru bavuga ko mu rubanza rujuririrwa, urukiko rutaragombaga guha agaciro amasezerano y’ubugure ya Murereyimana yo ku wa 19/6/2017 n’ayo ku wa 13/7/2017, ko rwagombaga gutegeka ko Uwizeye asubizwa amafaranga yatanze ngo kuko Rwambonera yemera ko yayahawe, kuba rwarategetse Murereyimana kwishyura Rwambonera kandi atarigeze asaba guhabwa ayo mafaranga no kuba rwaragombaga kubagenera indishyi ariko rukabyirengagiza. Mu bujurire, Murereyimana yireguye avuga ko impamvu z’ubujurire bw’Abarega nta shingiro zigomba guhabwa kuko amasezerano yagiranye na Rwambonera ariyo yakozwe mbere yayo ugurisha yagiranye n’Uwizeye, bivuze ko yagurishije umutungo bari baramaze kumvikana ku kiguzi n’igiciro, ndetse bakanabishyira mu nyandiko, akanamwishyura amafaranga bari bumvikanye. Muri urwo rubanza rw’ubujurire RCA00097/2019/HC/KIG, Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko ubujurire bw’Uwizeye na Rwambonera nta shingiro bufite, ko urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rudahindutse mu ngingo zarwo zose. Uwizeye na Rwambonera basabye ko urwo rubanza RCA00097/2019/HC/KIG rusubirishwamo ku mpamvu za karengane, barabymererwa, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rurwohereza kuburanishwa n’uru rubanza rw’Ubujurire. Uwizeye na Rwambonera bavuga ko akarengane kabo gashingiye ku kuba, mu rubanza RCA00097/2019/HC/KIG Urukiko Rukuru rutahaye agaciro amasezerano yabo yakorewe imbere ya noteri w’ubutaka, rukirengagiza ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko amasezerano ya Murereyimana na Rwambonera atagombaga kuba ariyo ahabwa agaciro kuko Rwambonera atemera ko ari we wayasinye, ndetse na raporo ya Forensic laboratory ikaba yaragaragaje ko umukono uri kuri ayo masezerano atari uwe. Murereyimana yireguye avuga ko nta karengane kari mu rubanza rusabirwa gusubirishwamo, kuko amasezerano ye ari yakozwe mbere nkuko byemezwa n’abatangabuhamya. Uru Rukiko rw’Ubujurire rwasuzumye icyo kibazo ababuranyi bose bafitanye cyo kumenya amasezerano afite agaciro hagati yayo Rwambonera yakoranye na Murereyimana nay o yakoranye n’Uwizeye, dore ko Uwizeye na Rwambonera bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwirengagije amategeko n’ibimenyetso mu buryo

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bugaragarira buri wese, kuko umuntu yakwibaza icyari guhabwa agaciro mu gihe iyo raporo ya Forensic laboratory ivuguruzanya n’imvugo z’abatangabuhamya. Bityo, bakaba basaba uru Rukiko kwemeza ko amasezerano y’ubugure bw’inzu y’ukuri ari ayo bagiranye, no gutegeka ko Uwizeye n’umugabo we Rutagengwa bandikwaho inzu baguze. Muri uru rubanza, Murereyimana asaba uru Rukiko rw’Ubujurire kwemeza ko amasezerano ye na Rwambonera ariyo afite agaciro kuko ariyo yakozwe mbere, ndetse raporo Abarega bashingiraho ikaba itagomba gushingirwaho bitewe n’inenge ziyirimo zo kuba yarasinyweho n’abantu batatu ko aribo bayikoze, nyamara abarahiye ari babiri; kandi ko Rwambonera agenda ahindagura umukono we bitewe n’icyo ashaka. Bityo, akaba asaba ko umutungo uburanywa umwandikwaho, ko utakwandikwa kuri Uwizeye kuko atagaragaza ububasha Rwambonera yari afite bwo kugurisha ikintu kitakiri icye nk’uko biteganywa n’amategeko. Incamake y’icyemezo: Iyo hari amasezerano y’ubugure bw’umutungo utimukanwa amwe yarakorewe imbere ya Noteri w’ubutaka andi atarakorewe imbere ye, agira agaciro nayakorewe imbere ya Noteri nubwo yaba ari yo yakozwe nyuma. Ikirego gisaba gusubirishamo urubanza ku mpamvu z’akarengane, gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko No 43/2013 ryo ku wa 16/06/2013 ryagengaga ubutaka mu Rwanda, ingingo ya 18 n’iya 73. Itegeko N° 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, ingingo ya 4, 61, 78 n’iya 93. Iteka rya Minisitiri Nᵒ 002/2008 ryo ku wa 01/4/2008 ryagenaga uburyo iyandikishwa ry’ubutaka, ingingo ya 34. Imanza zifashishijwe: RS/INJUST/RC00012/2021/SC, haburana Nsengiyumva Théoneste na Ntagungira Jérôme n’abandi rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 22/07/2022. RS/INJUST/RC 00004/2020/SC, Nsanzimana Wilson na Nyirajyambere Gacunga Espérance n’abandi rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku itariki ya 09/04/2021. RS/INJUST/RC00010/2019/SC, Twizerimana Théoneste arega Manizabayo Kennedy rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 25 Nzeri 2020. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Uru rubanza rukomoka ku kirego Murereyimana Déoclens yatanze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge avuga ko ku wa 19/06/2017, yagiranye na Rwambonera Maurice amasezerano y’ubugure bw’ikibanza, maze bakumvikana ikiguzi cy’amafaranga miliyoni makumyabiri n’eshanu (25.000.000Frw); ku wa 13/07/2017, akamwishyura amafaranga miliyoni makumyabiri n’ebyiri n’ibihumbi magana atandatu (22.600.000Frw), ko asigaye yagombaga kuzayamwishyura amaze kumukorera ihererekanyamutungo bikorewe imbere ya Noteri w’ubutaka, nyuma abimusabye arabyanga, bituma asaba urwo Rukiko kumutegeka kubahiriza ayo masezerano maze akamukorera ihererekanyamutungo ry’icyo kibanza, no kumutegeka kumuha amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka, no kumusubiza ingwate y’amagarama yatanze aregera Urukiko. [2] Uwizeye Louise yagobotse muri urwo rubanza, avuga ko atemera ubugure bw’ikibanza bwabaye hagati ya Murereyimana Déoclens na Rwambonera Maurice, ko ahubwo ari we wakiguze na Rwambonera

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Maurice ku wa 11/07/2017, bityo asaba Urukiko kwemeza ko yandikwaho uwo mutungo, no gutegeka Murereyimana Déoclens kumuha indishyi z’akababaro, izo gushorwa mu manza ku maherere, igihembo cya Avoka no gusubizwa ingwate y’amagarama yatanze aregera Urukiko. [3] Rwambonera Maurice we yaburanye avuga ko nta maseserano y’ubugure bw’ikibanza yigeze agirana na Murereyimana Déoclens, ko ayo uyu agaragaza atemera ko ari we wayasinye, ko ahubwo uwo yagiranye na we amasezerano y’ubugure bw’ikibanza kivugwa ari Uwizeye Louise, bityo asaba ko ari we icyo kibanza cyakwandikwaho. [4] Mu rubanza RC00644/2017/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge ku wa 26/02/2019, rwemeje ko: - ikirego cya Uwizeye Louise nta shingiro gifite; - ikirego cya Murereyimana Déoclens gifite ishingiro; - Murereyimana Déoclens yandikwaho ikibanza kirimo inzu kibaruwe kuri UPI: 1/03/07/05/855 yaguze na Rwambonera Maurice, giherereye mu Mudugudu w’Urumuri, Akagari ka Rwampara, Umurenge wa Kigarama, Akarere ka Kicukiro, Umujyi wa Kigali; - Mureyeyimana Déoclens yishyura Rwambonera Maurice amafaranga angana na miliyoni ebyiri n’ibihumbi magana ane (2.400.000Frw) mu gihe azaba amaze kwandikwaho ikibanza yamugurishije; - Rwambonera Maurice aha Murereyimana Déoclens amafaranga ibihumbi magana atanu (500.000Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ibihumbi magana abiri (200.000Frw) yo gukurikirana urubanza; Rwambonera Maurice asubiza Murereyimana Déoclens amafaranga ibihumbi mirongo itanu (50.000Frw) yatanze aregera Urukiko. [5] Rwambonera Maurice n’Uwizeye Louise bajuririye Urukiko Rukuru ku mpamvu zo kuba Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rutaragombaga guha agaciro amasezerano y'ubugure yo ku wa 19/6/2017 n’ayo ku wa 13/7/2017, ko rwagombaga gutegeka ko Uwizeye Louise asubizwa amafaranga yatanze ngo kuko Rwambonera Maurice yemera ko yayahawe, kuba rwarategetse Murereyimana Déoclens kwishyura Rwambonera Maurice kandi atarigeze asaba guhabwa ayo mafaranga no kuba rwaragombaga kugenera indishyi Rwambonera Maurice ndetse na Uwizeye Louise ariko rukabyirengagiza. [6] Murereyimana Déoclens mbere yo kwiregura ku ngingo z’ubujurire za Rwambonera Maurice n’iz’Uwizeye Louise yatanze inzitizi yo kutakira ubujurire bwa Uwizeye Louise, ngo kuko bwakozwe na Me Ndagijimana Emmanuel waburaniraga Rwambonera Maurice yaregaga ku rwego rwa mbere, ko ibyo yakoze binyuranye n’amategeko agenga Abavoka. Naho ku birebana n’urubanza mu mizi, avuga ko impamvu z’ubujurire za Rwambonera Maurice kimwe n’iz’Uwizeye Louise zidakwiye guhabwa ishingiro, kubera ko amasezerano y’ubugure bwabo yakozwe nyuma y’aye na we yagiranye na Rwambonera Maurice, akaba yaragurishije ikintu yari yaramaze kumugurisha baramaze no kumvikana ku kiguzi n’igiciro, ndetse bakanabishyira mu nyandiko akanamwishyura amafaranga bari bumvikanye. Asoza asaba indishyi zo gushorwa mu manza. [7] Mu rubanza RCA00097/2019/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 30/01/2020 rwemeje ko: - ubujurire bwa Uwizeye Louise bwakozwe na Me Ndagijimana Emmanuel waburaniraga Rwambonera Maurice bugomba kwakirwa kuko ahuje inyungu na Rwambonera Maurice; - ubujurire bwatanzwe na Uwizeye Louise n’ubwatanzwe na Rwambonera Maurice nta shingiro bufite;

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- imikirize y’urubanza RC00644/2017/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge ku wa 26/02/2019, idahindutse mu ngingo zayo zose; - Uwizeye Louise afatanya na Rwambonera Maurice kwishyura Murereyimana Déoclens igihembo cya Avoka cyo ku rwego rw’ubujurire gihwanye n’ibihumbi magana abiri na mirongo itanu (250.000Frw); - ingwate y’amagarama Uwizeye Louise na Rwambonera Maurice batanze badakwiye kuyisubizwa kuko ihwanye n’ibyakoreshejwe muri urwo rubanza. [8] Uwizeye Louise na Rwambonera Maurice basabye ko urubanza RCA00097/2019/HC/KIG rusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, maze mu cyemezo nimero 226/CJ/2022, Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga yemeza ko urwo rubanza rusubirwamo, arwohereza mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire kugira ngo abe ari rwo ruzaruburanisha; ikirego cyandikwa kuri RS/INJUST/RC00025/2022/CA. [9] Urubanza rwahamagajwe ku wa 04/09/2024, ariko rwimurirwa ku wa 13/09/2024, uwo munsi ruburanishwa mu ruhame Uwizeye Louise ahagarariwe na Me Bagabo Faustin afatanije na Me Kayijuka Ngabo, Rwambonera Maurice yunganiwe na Me Semadwinga Claude, naho Murereyimana Déoclens ahagarariwe na Me Idahemuka Tharcisse; ababuranyi bumvikana n’Urukiko ko hazasuzumwa ikibazo kijyanye no kumenya amasezerano yahabwa agaciro hagati y’ayo ku wa 19/06/2017 yabaye hagati ya Rwambonera Maurice na Murereyimana Déoclens n’ayo ku wa 11/07/2017 yabaye hagati ya Rwambonera Maurice n’Uwizeye Louise na Rutagengwa Rugumaho John n’ikijyanye n’indishyi zitandukanye, amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. [10] Mu myanzuro ye no mu iburanisha, Uwizeye Louise avuga ko yarenganyijwe n’urubanza RCA00097/2019/HC/KIG, kuko rutahaye agaciro amasezerano y’ubugure yagiranye na Rwambonera Maurice imbere ya Noteri w’ubutaka, ahubwo ruha agaciro amasezerano y’ubugure yabaye hagati ya Rwambonera Maurice na Murereyimana Déoclens rwirengagije itegeko rigenga amasezerano, cyane ko Rwambonero Maurice yagaragaje ko umukono uyariho atari uwe ndetse na raporo ya Forensic laboratory ikaba yaragaragaje ko umukono uri kuri ayo masezerano atari uwa Rwambonera Maurice, ko rero ayo masezerano nta gaciro yagombaga guhabwa, asaba Urukiko gutegeka ko amasezerano yagiranye na Rwambonera Maurice ari yo yubahirizwa, Uwizeye Louise n’umugabo we Rutagengwa Rugumaho John bakandikwaho umutungo baguze. Asoza asaba indishyi zitandukanye n’amafaranga y’ibyagiye ku rubanza. Rwambonera Maurice avuga ko nta amasezerano yigeze aba hagati ye na Murereyimana Déoclens arebana n'inzu y’i Gikondo, ko amasezerano avugwa ari amahimbano nk’uko Rwanda Forensic laboratory yabigaragaje, akaba asanga yararenganyijwe n’urubanza RCA00097/2019/HC/KIG rwemeje ko iyo nzu yandikwa kuri Murereyimanann Déoclens. [11] Murereyimana Déoclens yiregura avuga ko nta karengane kari mu rubanza RCA00097/2019/HC/KIG, kuko amasezerano y’ubugure yabaye hagati ya Murereyimana Déoclens na Rwambonera Maurice ari yo yabaye mbere, kandi akaba yemezwa n’abatangabuhamya, kuba raporo ya Forensic laboratory itaragombaga gushingirwaho kubera inenge ifite bagaragaje, no kuba Rwamboner Maurice agenda ahindagura umukono we akurikije icyo ashaka. Avuga kandi ko ibyo Uwizeye Louise asaba byo kwandikwaho uwo mutungo nta shingiro bifite, kuko atakwandikwaho umutungo utari uwe, asoza asaba indishyi zitandukanye n’amafaranga y’ibyagiye ku rubanza. [12] Muri uru rubanza Urukiko rurasuzuma ibibazo bikurikira: kumenya amasezerano y’ubugure yahabwa agaciro hagati y’amasezerano yo ku wa 19/06/2017, Rwambonera Maurice yagiranye na Murereyimana Déoclens n’ayo ku wa 11/07/2017, Rwambonera Maurice yagiranye n’Uwizeye Louise n’umugabo we Rutagengwa Rugumaho John, n’ingaruka zabyo.

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[13] kumenya niba indishyi zitandukanye, amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka bisabwa muri uru rubanza bifite ishingiro. II.ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA 1. Kumenya amasezerano y’ubugure yahabwa agaciro hagati y’amasezerano yo ku wa 19/06/2017, Rwambonera Maurice yagiranye na Murereyimana Déoclens n’ayo ku wa 11/07/2017, Rwambonera Maurice yagiranye n’Uwizeye Louise n’umugabo we Rutagengwa Rugumaho John n’ingaruka zabyo [14] Abahagarariye Uwizeye Louise bavuga ko uwo bahagarariye yarenganyijwe n’urubanza RCA00097/2019/HC/KIG, kuko rutahaye agaciro amasezerano y’ubugure yagiranye na Rwambonera Maurice imbere ya Noteri w’ubutaka, ahubwo ruha agaciro amasezerano y’ubugure yabaye hagati ya Rwambonera Maurice na Murereryimana Déoclens rwirengagije itegeko rigenga amasezerano, cyane ko Rwambonera Maurice yagaragaje ko umukono uyariho atari uwe ndetse na raporo ya Forensic laboratory ikaba yaragaragaje ko umukono uri kuri ayo masezerano atari uwa Rwambonera Maurice, ko rero ayo masezerano nta gaciro yagombaga guhabwa. [15] Bavuga kandi ko mu gika cya 19 cy’urubanza rusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, Urukiko Rukuru rwasobanuye ko nubwo raporo y’abahanga yemeza ko umukono wa Rwambonera Maurice uri ku masezerano akemangwa udahura n’imikono iri ku zindi nyandiko yashyizeho umukono zidakemangwa zagereranyijwe n’ayo masezerano, bidahagije kwemeza ko ayo masezerano atabayeho mu gihe hari abatangabuhamya bavuga ko bayasinyeho babyemeza, bakaba basanga Urukiko rwarirengagije amategeko n’ibimenyetso mu buryo bugaragarira buri wese, kuko umuntu yakwibaza icyari guhabwa agaciro mu gihe iyo raporo ya Forensic laboratory ivuguruzanya n’imvugo z’abatangabuhamya, igisubizo kikaba gishingiye ku ngingo ya 4 y’Itegeko N° 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo ryakoreshwaga icyo gihe, iteganya ko ibimenyetso bigomba kuba bijyanye na kamere y’ikiburanwa. Bityo ko ku bijyanye n’inyandiko (documents écrits) raporo ya Forensic laboratory ari yo ihwanye na kamere y’ikiburanwa kuruta imvugo z’abatangabuhamya, akaba ari yo igomba guhabwa isumbwe, cyane ko mu batangabuhamya babiri batanzwe umwe avukana na Murereyimana Déoclens undi akaba yari umukozi we. [16] Bakomeza bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rutagombaga kwemeza ko amasezerano y’ubugure hagati ya Rwambonera Maurice na Murereryimana Déoclens yabayeho mu gihe raporo ya Forensic laboratory igaragaza ko umukono wa Rwambonera Maurice uri kuri ayo masezerano udahuye n’umukono we uri ku zindi nyandiko yashyizeho umukono. Bityo bakaba basanga amasezerano afite agaciro ari ayasinywe hagati ya Uwizeye Louise na Rwambonera Maurice, cyane ko bitari gushoboka ko Murereyimana Déoclens atanga amafaranga miliyoni makumyabiri n’ebyiri n’ibihumbi magana atandatu (22.600.000Frw) avuga yatanze hanyuma ntahabwe icyangombwa cy’ubutaka. [17] Basoza basaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kuzemeza ko amasezerano y’ubugure bw’inzu y’ukuri ari ayo Uwizeye Louise na Rwambonera Maurice bagiranye, no gutegeka ko Uwizeye Louise n’umugabo we Rutagengwa Rugumaho John bandikwaho inzu baguze. [18] Rwambonera Maurice n’umwunganira bavuga ko nta amasezerano yigeze aba hagati ya Murereyimana Déoclens na Rwambonera Maurice arebana n'inzu y’i Gikondo, ko amasezerano avugwa ari amahimbano nk’uko Rwanda Forensic laboratory yabigaragaje. Basobanura ko Murereyimana Déoclens yagurije Rwambonera Maurice amafaranga miliyoni icumi (10,000,000Frw), aguriza n’uwitwa Emile miliyoni eshanu (5,000,000Frw), amubwira ko atapfa kumuha amafaranga nta nyandiko, amusaba ko amwandikira inyandiko ko baguze inzu ya succession Rwambonera iri i Karongi, arabyemera kuko Emile wari wabahuje yamubwiraga ko nta kibazo, hanyuma amaze kugurisha inzu ye aha Murereyimana Déoclens amafaranga yari yamugurije, undi arayanga, avuga ko agomba no kwishyurira Emile, abyanze

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amurega i Karongi aratsindwa, ko nyuma y’uko Murereyimana Déoclens amenye amakuru ko Rwambonera Maurice yagurishije inzu ye iri i Gikondo, yahimbye amasezerano y’ubugure bw’iyo nzu, ariko ko nta masezerano y’ubugure bw’iyo nzu yigeze aba hagati ye na Murereyimana Déoclens, ko n’abatangabuhamya atanga umwe ari murumuna we, undi ari umukozi we. Bityo ko barenganyijwe n’urubanza RCA00097/2019/HC/KIG kuko rwahaye agaciro amasezerano atarigeze abaho. [19] Basobanura kandi ko nta kuntu Rwambonera Maurice yari gusinyana na Murereyimana Déoclens amasezerano y'ubugure mu gihe uyu yavugaga ko amurimo amafaranga atabanje kuyakuramo, ko ahubwo ashakisha uburyo bwa kabiri bugamije kugaruza amafaranga yari yarareze Rwambonera Maurice mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Karongi akayatsindirwa. [20] Bakomeza bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwarenganyije Rwambonera Maurice kuko rusa nkaho rugaragaza ko yemeye amasezerano yagiranye na Murereyimana Déoclens kandi atarigeze ayemera, nk’uko yagiye abisobanura, bigatuma n’umukono uri kuri ayo masezerano upimwa ukagereranywa n’indi mikono ye, hanyuma Forensic Laboratory ikagaragaza ko uwo mukono udahuye n’imikono ye, ko kandi kandi n’abatangabuhamya atanga, umwe ari murumuna we undi aakba umukozi we, bityo basaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire guha agaciro amasezerano yabaye hagati ye na Uwizeye Louise hamwe n’umugabo we, maze rugategeka ko ari bo bandikwaho umutungo baguze. [21] Uhagarariye Murereyimana Déoclens yiregura avuga ko nta karengane kari mu rubanza RCA00097/2019/HC/KIG, kuko amasezerano y’ubugure yabaye hagati ya Murereyimana Déoclens na Rwambonera Maurice ari yo yakozwe mbere, ko ayo masezerano yemezwa n’abatangabuhamya barimo umutangabuhamya uturiye icyo kibanza n’umuzamu wacyo; ko ayo masezerano ariyo yagombaga guhabwa agaciro kuko raporo ya Forensic laboratory yagombaga guteshwa agaciro kubera inenge bagaragaje ziyirimo, ko kandi Rwambonera Maurice agenda ahindagura imikono akurikije icyo ashaka. [22] Asobanura ko mu bika bya 29 na 30 by’urubanza rusubirishwamo, Urukiko Rukuru rwahaye agaciro amasezerano y’ubugure yabaye hagati ya Murereyimana Déoclens na Rwambonera Maurice rushingiye ku kwemera kwa Rwambonera Maurice ko yakiriye amafaranga, no ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya baranze ikibanza kiburanwa, bakanemeza ko habaye ubugure bwacyo. Asobanura kandi ko raporo ya Forensic laboratory itagombaga gushingirwaho, kuko igaragaza ko abahanga bakoze indahiro ari babiri, ariko isinywaho n’abahanga batatu, kandi itangwa na Rwanda Forensic Laboratory, ibyo bikaba binyuranye n’ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 78 y’Itegeko ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo ryakoresghwaga muri icyo gihe, yavugaga ko abahanga bashyizweho hagaragazwa amazina yabo, ndetse n’ingingo ya 93, yavugaga ko abo bahanga bagomba kuyishyiraho umukono bose; bityo ko kuba yarasinywe n’abatararahiye kandi igatangwa na Rwanda Forensic Laboratory yagombaga guteshwa agaciro. [23] Akomeza asobanura ko iyo raporo ya Forensic laboratory yarimo no kwivuguruza, ari na byo byatumye Urukiko rwemeza ko itashingirwaho rushingiye ku ngingo ya 61 y’Itegeko ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, no ku ihame ry’uko raporo y’abahanga atari Itegeko ku mucamanza, ko kandi ibyo byanagaragajwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge mu bika bya 19 na 20 by’urubanza RC00644/2017/TGI/NYGE. Asobanura na none ko Rwambonera Maurice ahindura imikono ye akurikije icyo agamije, kuko hari n’urubanza rundi yaburanye na Karera na Mironko Francois Xavier, aho byagaragaye ko yahinduraga imikono, na yo yapimwe na Forensic, ndetse hakaba hari n’urubanza RP 00289/2017/TGI/NYGE yakurikiranyweho inyandiko mpimpano. [24] Asoza avuga ko ibyo Uwizeye Louise asaba byo kwandikwaho umutungo nta shingiro bikwiye guhabwa, kuko atagaragaza ububasha Rwambonera Maurice yari afite bwo kugurisha ikintu kitakiri icye nk’uko biteganywa n’amategeko. Bityo ko atakwandikwaho umutungo utari uwe.

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UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [25] Urukiko rurasanga ipfundo ry’ikibazo kiri muri uru rubanza, ari ukumenya amasezerano y’ubugure ku mutungo utimukanwa w’ubutaka afite agaciro hagati y’amasezerano yo ku wa 19/06/2017, Rwambonera Maurice yagiranye na Murereyimana Déoclens yakozwe mu buryo bw’inyandiko bwite n’ayo ku wa 11/07/2017, Rwambonera Maurice yagiranye n’Uwizeye Louise n’umugabo we Rutagengwa Rugumaho John bagakora ihererekanya ry’uburenganzira kuri uwo mutungo imbere ya Noteri w’ubutaka, no kumenya niba Uwizeye Louise n’umugabo we Rutagengwa Rugumaho John ar ibo bakwiye kwandikwaho umutungo ubaruye kuri UPI: 1/03/07/05/855. a. Kumenya amasezerano y’ubugure akwiye guhabwa agaciro, hati y’ayo Rwambonera Maurice yagiranye na Murereyimana Déoclens n’ayo yagiranye na Uwizeye Louise n’umugabo we Rutagengwa Rugumaho John [26] Ingingo ya 18, igika cya 1, y’Itegeko No 43/2013 ryo ku wa 16/06/2013 ryagengaga ubutaka mu Rwanda igihe ababuranyi bakoranaga amasezerano y’ubugure, iteganya ibikurikira: kwemeza ko ubutaka bwatanzwe cyangwa bukodeshejwe bigaragazwa n’icyemezo cy’iyandikisha ry’ubutaka gitangwa n’Umubitsi w’Impampurompamo z’ubutaka. Ingingo ya 34 y’Iteka rya Minisitiri Nᵒ 002/2008 ryo ku wa 01/4/2008 ryagenaga uburyo iyandikishwa ry’ubutaka rikorwa igihe amasezerano yakorwaga yateganyaga, mu gika cyayo cya mbere, ko ihererekanya rishingiye ku masezerano yo kwegurira undi ibintu ridashobora gukorwa iyo amasezerano rishingiyeho atakozwe ku buryo bw'inyandiko y’umwimerere1. Iyo ngingo inateganya ifishi igomba gukoreshwa. [27] Iri teka ryari rishingiye ku Itegeko Ngenga N° 08/2005 ryo ku wa 14/07/2005, ariko ryakomeje gukurikizwa hamaze kujyaho Itegeko Nᵒ 43/2013 ryo ku wa 16/06/2013 kuko ryateganyaga, mu ngingo yaryo ya 73, ko mu gihe atarahindurwa, amategeko, amateka n’amabwiriza yashyiraga mu bikorwa Itegeko Ngenga ryo muri 2005 akomeza kubahirizwa mu ngingo zayo zose zitanyuranyije naryo. [28] Mu rubanza RS/INJUST/RC00012/2021/SC, rwaciwe ku wa 22/07/2022, haburana Nsengiyumva Théoneste na Ntagungira Jérôme n’abandi, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwasobanuye ko ingingo zavuzwe haruguru zumvikanisha ko kugira ngo byemezwe ko ubutaka buhererekanyijwe, hagomba kubaho icyemezo cy’iyandikisha ryabwo gitangwa n’Umwanditsi w’impapuro mpamo z’ubutaka, kandi kugira ngo uwo mwanditsi atange icyo cyemezo agomba gushingira gusa ku masezerano yo kwegurira undi ubutaka yakozwe mu buryo bw’inyandikompamo. Ibi bisobanuye ko amasezerano akozwe mu buryo butari ubwo nta gaciro aba afite ku birebana n’ihererekanya ry’ubutaka2. [29] Mu rubanza RS/INJUST/RC00010/2019/SC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 25 Nzeri 2020, Twizerimana Théoneste arega Manizabayo Kennedy aho buri wese yavugaga ko ari we waguze na Hafashimana Elias umutungo uburanwa ugizwe n’ikibanza n’inzu, mu gika cyarwo cya 27, urwo Rukiko rwasobanuye ko amasezerano y’ubugure Twizerimana Théoneste yakoranye na Hafashimana Elias ku itariki ya 25/02/2017 mu buryo bw’inyandiko bwite nta gaciro akwiye guhabwa, kubera ko atakozwe mu buryo bw’inyandiko mpamo kandi ari ko itegeko ribiteganya; Urukiko rukaba rwarashingiye ku ngingo ya 34, igika cya mbere, y’Iteka rya Minisitiri N° 002/2008 ryo ku wa 01/4/2008 rigena uburyo iyandikishwa ry’ubutaka rikorwa3, no ku biteganywa n’ibihugu bimwe na bimwe ku birebana n’ubugure bw’imitungo

1 Mu kinyarwanda banditse “inyandiko y’umwimerere”, ariko hakurikijwe ibyanditse mu gifaransa no mu cyongereza bigaragara ko ari “inyandiko mpamo. 2 Reba igika cya 31. 3Iyo ngingo iteganya ko ihererekanya rishingiye ku masezerano yo kwegurira undi ibintu ridashobora gukorwa iyo amasezerano rishingiyeho atakozwe ku buryo bw'inyandiko y’umwimerere (Les mutations en vertu de contrats d'aliénation ne peuvent être opérées que si les contrats sont passés en forme authentique).

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itimukanwa4. Rwasobanuye kandi ko ku birebana n’ubutaka, nk’umutungo uri mu murage rusange w’imbaga y’abanyarwanda bose, Umushingamategeko yashatse ko umuguzi n’ugurisha batajya biherera bonyine ngo bakore amasezerano y’ubugure, ategeka ko kugira ngo agire agaciro hubahirizwa imihango yihariye ijyanye n’iyandikisha ry’umutungo, ari naryo rihesha uwaguze uburenganzira ku mutungo we. [30] Uyu murongo wanagarutsweho mu manza zitandukanye zirimo urubanza RS/INJUST/RC00004/2020/SC rwaciwe ku itariki ya 09/04/2021, haburana Nsanzimana Wilson na Nyirajyambere Gacunga Espérance n’abandi, aho Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwemeje ko ku bijyanye n’ubugure bw’umutungo utimukanwa, kwemeranya kw’abagiranye amasezerano ku kintu no ku kiguzi ubwabyo bidahagije, ko ahubwo hari n’ibindi bigomba kubahirizwa nko kuba mu ikorwa ry’amasezerano no kuyashyiraho umukono bigomba gukorerwa imbere y’umukozi ubifitiye ububasha, bitaba ibyo amasezerano y’ubugure akaba nta gaciro afite. Ndetse no mu rubanza RS/INJUST/RC00014/2021/SC rwaciwe ku wa 13/05/2022, haburana Mukandori Costasie na Kayitesi Elyne, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwasobanuye ko mu gihe nta nyandiko mpamo yo gutanga uburenganzira ku butaka bwaburanwaga yabayeho, inkiko zibanza zitagombaga gutegeka ihererekanya mutungo hagati y’ababuranyi. [31] Ku birebana n’uru rubanza, dosiye igaragaza ko uru rubanza rukomoka ku masezerano yo ku wa 19/06/2017 y’ubugure bw’ubutaka, Murereyimana Déoclens avuga ko yabaye hagati ye na Rwambonera Maurice, aho Murereyimana Déoclens yasabye ko ayo masezerano yubahizwa akandikwaho uwo mutungo yaguze, maze Uwizeye Louise nawe waguze uwo mutungo ku wa 11/07/2019, akarugobokamo asaba ko Urukiko rwemeza nyir’ubutaka w’ukuri wabuguze kugirango abe ari we wegukana uburenganzira busesesuye kuri uwo mutungo. [32] Dosiye igaragamo amasezerano y’ubugure bw’ikibanza yabaye ku wa 19/06/2017, hagati ya Rwambonera Maurice na Murereyimana Déoclens, agaragaza ko icyo kibanza kitabonerwa nomero, ariko ko gihererye mu Mudugudu w’Urumuri, Akagari ka Rwamapara, Umurenge wa Kigarama, Akarere ka Kicukiro, Umujyi wa Kigali, harimo n’andi ayuzuza yo ku wa 13/07/2017 agaragaza ko icyo kibanza baguze gifite nimero 855. [33] Dosiye igaragaramo kandi amasezerano y’ubugure bw’ikibanza gifite UPI:1/03/07/05/855 gihererye mu Mudugudu w’Urumuri, Akagari ka Rwamapara, Umurenge wa Kigarama, Akarere ka Kicukirmo, Umujyi wa Kigali, yabaye ku wa 11/07/2017, hagati ya Rwambonera Maurice na Uwizeye Louise n’umugabo we Rutagengwa Rugumaho John. Harimo n’amasezerano y’ihererekanya ry’umutungo ubaruye kuri UPI: 1/03/07/05/855, yabaye ku wa 11/07/2017, yakorewe imbere ya Noteri w’ubutaka mu Murenge wa Kigarama, yabaye hagati ya Rwambonera Maurice ku ruhande rumwe na Uwizeye Louise n’umugabo we Rutagengwa Rugumaho John, ku rundi ruhande, bahererekanya uwo mutungo. [34] Nk’uko byagaragajwe haruguru, amasezerano y’ubugure yo ku wa 19/06/2017, yujujwe n’ayo ku wa 13/07/2017, yabaye hagati ya Rwambonera Maurice na Murereyimana Déoclens ni amasezerano yakozwe mu buryo bw’inyandiko bwite (acte sous seing privé), kandi nk’uko Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwabisobanuye mu rubanza RS/INJUST/RC 00010/2019/SC, amasezerano y’ubugure bw’umutungo utimukanwa agomba kubahiriza imihango yihariye ijyanye n’iyandikisha ry’umutungo, ari naryo rihesha

4 Mu gika cya 25 cy’ urubanza RS/INJUST/RC00010/2019/SC ruvuzwe haruguru basobanuye ko Mu gihugu cy’Ubufaransa, amasezerano nk’ayo ategurwa na Noteri akayasinyisha ugurisha n’umuguzi bamaze kurangiza imishyikirano yabo (Seul le notaire est habilité à établir l’acte de vente et à le faire signer. Il est rédigé à la suite de la signature du compromis de vente ou de la promesse de vente. Une fois l’acte prêt, l’acheteur et le vendeur sont invités à venir le signer. La plupart du temps, c’est le notaire du vendeur qui établit l’acte et accueille les deux parties). Muri make, kugira ngo amasezerano y’ubugure bw’umutungo utimukanwa agire agaciro, ningombwa ko akorerwa imbere ya Noteri (“Pour qu’une vente (immobilière) soit valable, elle doit être reçue obligatoirement devant un notaire. Le notaire publie les ventes immobilières au bureau des hypothèques pour qu’elles deviennent officielles vis-à-vis de tout le monde”) https://www.droitissimo.com/immobilier/achat- vente/contrat-vente/conditions-validite-vente- immobiliere, consulté le 25/09/2020.

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uwaguze uburenganzira ku mutungo we. Kuba rero Murereyimana Déoclens atagaragaza ko ubugure bwe bwubahirije imihango yihariye amasezerano y’ubugure bw’ubutaka agomba kubahiriza, ni ukuvuga gukorerwa imbere ya Noteri w’Ubutaka nk’uko ingingo ya 34, igika cya mbere, y’Iteka rya Minisitiri No 002/2008 ryo ku wa 01/04/2008 yibukijwe haruguru ibiteganya, Urukiko rurasanga Murereyimana Déoclens ataragombaga gushingira kuri ayo masezerano asaba kwandikwaho umutungo, kuko atakurikije ibyo amategeko ateganya. [35] Urukiko rurasanga amasezerano y’ubugure yabaye hagati ya Murereyimana Déoclens na Rwambonera Maurice ku wa 19/06/2017, akuzuzwa ku wa 13/07/2017, mu buryo bw’inyandiko bwite nta gaciro akwiye guhabwa, kubera ko atakozwe mu buryo buteganywa n’amategeko. Kuba rero ayo masezerano atarakorewe imbere ya Noteri w’ubutaka, birumvikana ko umutungo warakomeje kuba uwa Rwambonera Maurice, kuko nta hererekanya mutungo ryigeze rikorwa. Bityo ibivugwa n’uhagarariye Murereyimana Déoclens ko ubugure bwe ari bwo bufite agaciro kuko ari we waguze mbere, Urukiko rurasanga nta gaciro bifite kuko umutungo utigeze uva mu maboko ya Rwambonera Maurice, cyane ko yagumanye icyangombwa cy’umutungo kimwanditseho gifite nimero UPI: 1/03/07/05/855, ari nacyo yahaye Uwizeye Louise n’umugabo we Rutagengwa Rugumaho John, ubwo yamugurishaga uwo mutungo, bituma Noteri w’ubutaka yemeza ihererekanya ry’uburenganzira kuri uwo mutungo nk’uko bigaragazwa n’amasezerano y’ihererekanya mutungo bagiranye imbere ya Noteri w’ubutaka ku wa 11/07/2017. [36] Urukiko rurasanga amasezerano y’ihererekanya mutungo yabaye hagati ya Rwambonera Maurice na Uwizeye Louise n’umugabo we Rutagengwa Rugumaho John ku wa 11/07/2017 ari yo afite agaciro, kuko yubahirije imihango iteganywa n’Iteka rya Minisitiri N° 002/2008 ryo ku wa 01/4/2008 rigena uburyo iyandikishwa ry’ubutaka rikorwa. Bityo hashingiwe ku bisobanuro byatanzwe haruguru, Urukiko rurasanga Uwizeye Louise n’umugabo we Rutagengwa Rugumaho John ari bo bafite uburenganzira ku mutungo ubaruye kuri UPI: 1/03/07/05/855. [37] Ku bivugwa n’uhagarariye Murereyimana Déoclens ko amasezerano y’ubugure yabaye hagati ya Murereyimana Déoclens na Rwambonera Maurice ari yo agomba guhabwa agaciro kuko yemezwa n’abatangabuhamya barimo umutangabuhamya uturiye icyo kibanza n’umuzamu wacyo, ko raporo ya Forensic Laboratory yaragombaga guteshwa agaciro kubera inenge bagaragaje ziyirimo, ko kandi Rwambonera Maurice agenda ahindagura imikono akurikije icyo ashaka, Urukiko rurasanga nta shingiro bifite, kuko nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru, ikibazo kiri muri uru rubanza n’icyo kumenya amasezerano yahabwa agaciro hagati y’akozwe mu buryo bw’inyandiko bwite n’ayakorewe imbere ya Noteri w’ubutaka. Kuba rero amasezerano y’ubugure yabaye hagati ya Murereyimana Déoclens na Rwambonera Maurice atarubahirije ibyo amategeko ateganya ku bijyanye n’ubugure bw’umutungo utimukanwa, kuko aba agomba gukorerwa imbere y’umukozi ubifitiye ububasha, bitaba ibyo amasezerano y’ubugure akaba nta gaciro afite, birumvikana ko nta gaciro yagombaga guhabwa. Bityo Urukiko Rukuru rwakoze ikosa kuyaha agaciro. b. Kumenya niba Uwizeye Louise n’umugabo we Rutagengwa Rugumaho John aribo bakwiye kwandikwaho umutungo ubaruye kuri UPI: 1/03/07/05/855 [38] Urukiko rurasanga, nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru, Uwizeye Louise n’umugabo we Rutagengwa Rugumaho John nibo baguze umutungo ubaruye kuri UPI: 1/03/07/05/855 mu buryo bukurikije amategeko; kuba rero Urukiko Rukuru rwarategetse ko uwo mutungo wandikwa kuri Murererimana Déoclens, birumvikana ko bigomba gukosorwa. Bityo umutungo ubaruye kuri UPI: 1/03/07/05/855 uherereye mu Mudugudu w’Urumuri, Akagari ka Rwamapara, Umurenge wa Kigarama, Akarere ka Kicukirmo, Umujyi wa Kigali ugomba kwandikwa kuri Uwizeye Louise n’umugabo we Rutagengwa Rugumaho John.

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[39] Ku bivugwa n’uhagarariye Murereyimana Déoclens ko ibisabwa na Uwizeye Louise byo kwandikwaho umutungo nta shingiro bifite, kuko atagaragaza ububasha Rwambonera Maurice yari afite bwo kugurisha ikintu kitakiri icye, ko rero atakwandikwaho umutungo utari uwe, Urukiko rurasanga nta shingiro bifite, kuko nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru, Rwambonera Maurice yagurishije umutungo we umwanditseho kandi afitiye ibyangombwa kandi nta hererekanya ry’uburenganzira kuri uwo mutungo yigeze akora mbere yo ku wa 11/07/2017, cyane ko yagumanye icyangombwa cy’umutungo kimwanditseho gifite nimero UPI: 1/03/07/05/855, ari nacyo cyashingiweho hakorwa ihererakanya mutungu imbere ya Noteri w’ubutaka mu Murenge wa Kigarama ku wa 11/07/2017, hagati ya Rwambonera Maurice ku ruhande rumwe na Uwizeye Louise n’umugabo we Rutagengwa Rugumaho John ku rundi ruhande. Bityo Urukiko Rukuru rwakoze ikosa kwemeza ko uwo mutungo wandikwa kuri Murereyimana Déoclens, ukaba rero ugomba kumwandukurwaho, ukandikwa kuri Uwizeye Louise n’umugabo we Rutagengwa Rugumaho John bawuguze mu buryo bukurikije amategeko. 2. Kumenya niba indishyi zitandukanye, amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka bisabwa muri uru rubanza bifite ishingiro [40] Abahagarariye Uwizeye Louise bashingiye ku ihame rusange ry’amategeko rivuga ko igikorwa cyose cy'umuntu cyangirije undi gitegeka nyiri kugikora kuriha ibyangirijwe n’’igikorwa cye, no ku kuba Murererimana Déoclens yarakoze ibikorwa byateje igihombo Uwizeye Louise, basaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kumutegeka guha Uwizeye Louise n’umugabo we amafaranga miliyoni icumi (10.000.000Frw) y’indishyi z’akababaro kuri buri umwe, kubera umudugararo batejwe no kumara igihe badafite uburenganzira busesuye ku nzu baguze, amafaranga miliyoni ebyiri (2.000.000Frw) kuri buri mwana kubera ingaruka za stress ababyeyi babo bagize zikomoka ku nzu ivugwa, amafaranga ibihumbi magana atanu (500.000Frw) yo gushorwa mu manza kubw’amaherere, amafaranga miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana atanu (1.500.000Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka yo mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye, amafaranga ibihumbi magana atanu (500.000Frw) yo mu Rukiko Rukuru, n’amafaranga miliyoni ebyiri (2.000.000 Frw) yo mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, no kumusubiza amafaranga ibihumbi mirongo itanu (50.000) y’igarama yatanze aregera Urukiko. [41] Rwambonera Maurice n’umwunganira basaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gutegeka Murereyimana Déoclens guha Rwambonera Maurice indishyi z’akababaro zingana n’amafaranga miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000Frw) kubera kumusiragiza mu nzego z'ubutabera, amafaranga miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana atanu (1.500.000Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ amafaranga ibihumbi magana atatu (300.000Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza. [42] Uhagarariye Murereyimana Déoclens asaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gutegeka Uwizeye Louise guha Murereyimana Déoclens amafaranga miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana atanu (1.500.000Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ amafaranga ibihumbi magana arindwi na mirongo itanu (750.000Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza, amafaranga miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana atanu (1.500.000Frw) y’indishyi zo kuvutswa umudendezo, kubera gukomeza kumukurura mu manza zitari ngombwa amurega ashingiye ku masezerano batagiranye nta n’aho baziranye, kandi akaba ari nta na hamwe Uwizeye Louise yigeze arega cyangwa ngo agire icyo asaba Rwambonera Maurice wamugurishije, ko ahubwo yibasira Murereyimana Déoclens bikamubuza umutekano ku mutungo we, bigatuma atakaza amafaranga. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [43] Ku bijyanye n’amafaranga y’ibyagiye ku rubanza, ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ibikurikira: ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ni ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe.

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[44] Urukiko rurasanga amafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ay’ikurikiranarubanza Uwizeye Louise na Rwambonera Maurice basaba bagomba kuyahabwa kuko byagaragaye ko barenganyijwe n’urubanza RCA00097/2019/HC/KIG rwasabiwe gusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, kandi bikaba bigaragara ko byabaye ngombwa ko bashaka Abavoka bo kubaburanira kuva mu nkiko zabanje kugeza kuri uru rwego. Urukiko rurasanga ariko ayo basaba ari menshi kandi nta n’ibisobanuro bayatangira, bityo mu bushishozi bwarwo rukaba rugeneye Uwizeye Louise na Rwambonera Maurice, buri wese, miliyoni imwe (1.000.000Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ibihumbi magana atatu (300.000Frw) yo gukurikirana urubanza, akubiyemo n’amagarama batanze mu manza zabanje, yo ku nzego zose; akaba agomba gutangwa na Murereyimana Déoclens. [45] Ku bijyanye n’indishyi zitandukanye Uwizeye Louise na Rwambonera Maurice basaba, Urukiko rurasanga ntazo bakwiye guhabwa kubera ko batashoboye kugaragariza Urukiko icyo zishingiyeho. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [46] Rwemeje ko ikirego cya Uwizeye Louise na Rwambonera Maurice gisaba gusubirishamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane urubanza RCA00097/2019/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 30/01/2020, gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe. [47] Rwemeje ko umutungo ubaruye kuri UPI: 1/03/07/05/855 wandikwa kuri Uwizeye Louise n’umugabo we Rutagengwa Rugumaho John. [48] Rutegetse Murereyimana Déoclens kwishyura Uwizeye Louise na Rwambonera Maurice, buri wese, amafaranga miliyoni imwe (1.000.000Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ibihumbi magana atatu (300.000Frw) yo gukurikirana urubanza, ku nzego zose. Yose hamwe akaba miliyoni ebyeri n’ibihumbi magana atandatu (2.600.000Frw).