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South Africa Judgment

Western Cape High Court, Cape Town

Baartman and Others v Roodtman and Others (12226/07) [2008] ZAWCHC 220 (2 July 2008)

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01

Holding and result

The court held that the applicants' seats had been lawfully filled following the closure of the floor-crossing window period and subsequent by-elections. The applicants failed to challenge the IEC's refusal to process their floor-crossing forms, and the IEC was functus officio. No vacancies existed to which the applicants could be reinstated, and the relief sought was entirely moot. The application was premised on being heard during the floor-crossing period, and no legal basis existed for retroactive recognition of their right to cross the floor. There were no reasonable prospects of success on appeal, and the application for leave to appeal was dismissed with costs.

Court disposition

Application for leave to appeal dismissed with costs.

Orders

  • The application for leave to appeal is dismissed with costs.

02

Material facts

Parties

Anneke Baartman

Applicant

Michael Sinki Motsoane

Applicant

Gerald van Wyk

Applicant

Willem Karools

Applicant

Christina Darmen

Applicant

Anthony Daizana

Applicant

Petrus Roodtman

Respondent

The Independent Civics Organisation of South Africa

Respondent

The Independent Electoral Commission N.O.

Respondent

The Municipal Manager, Beaufort West Local Municipality N.O.

Respondent

The Beaufort West Local Municipality N.O.

Respondent

The Municipal Manager, Central Karoo District Municipality N.O.

Respondent

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Leave to Appeal / Application for Leave to Appeal Following Dismissal of Principal Application

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
The applicants argued that they should be retroactively permitted to cross the floor and be reinstated as councillors, contending that their failure to do so during the statutory window was due to procedural obstacles and decisions by the IEC. They sought relief that would recognize their right to cross the floor and reclaim their seats, despite the seats having been filled by others following by-elections.
Respondent
The respondents maintained that the seats formerly held by the applicants had been lawfully filled through by-elections and party list appointments, and that the IEC's decision not to process the floor-crossing forms was final and unchallenged. They argued that the matter was moot, as no vacancies existed and the court could not reopen the statutory window period or retroactively grant relief contrary to constitutional provisions.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Constitution of the Republic of South Africa

    Once a statutory window period for floor-crossing has closed and seats have been filled, the court cannot retroactively reopen the period or reinstate former councillors.

  2. 02

    Standard administrative law principles

    An administrative decision not challenged by review becomes final and the decision-maker is functus officio.

  3. 03

    Relevant case law on mootness

    Courts do not grant relief in moot matters where no effective remedy is possible.

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The court held that the applicants' seats had been lawfully filled following the closure of the floor-crossing window period and subsequent by-elections. The applicants failed to challenge the IEC's refusal to process their floor-crossing forms, and the IEC was functus officio. No vacancies existed to which the applicants could be reinstated, and the relief sought was entirely moot. The application was premised on being heard during the floor-crossing period, and no legal basis existed for retroactive recognition of their right to cross the floor. There were no reasonable prospects of success on appeal, and the application for leave to appeal was dismissed with costs.

Obiter and limits

  • The applicants must live with the consequences of their strategic choices during the floor-crossing period.
  • No new matters were raised in the grounds of appeal; all arguments had already been addressed in the principal judgment.
  • It is not open to the court to reopen the statutory window period for floor-crossing, as this would be contrary to constitutional provisions.

Court disposition

Application for leave to appeal dismissed with costs.

  • The application for leave to appeal is dismissed with costs.

Source and reliance status

Western Cape High Court, Cape Town

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Judgment text

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Source document

Western Cape High Court, Cape Town

Judgment

[2008] ZAWCHC 220

JUDGMENT

IN

THE HIGH COURT OF SOUTH AFRICA

(CAPE OF GOOD HOPE PROVINCIAL DIVISION)

CASE NO: 12226/07

DATE: 2 JULY 2008

In the matter between:

ANNEKE BAARTMAN 1st Applicant

MICHAEL

SINKI MOTSOANE 2nd Applicant

GERALD

VAN WYK 3rd Applicant

WILLEM

KAROOLS 4th Applicant

CHRISTINA DARMEN 5th Applicant

ANTHONY DAIZANA 6th Applicant

versus

PETRUS ROODTMAN 1st Respondent

THE

INDEPENDENT CIVICS ORGANISATION OF

SOUTH AFRICA 2nd Respondent

THE

INDEPENDENT ELECTORAL

COMMISSION N.O. 3rd Respondent

THE MUNICIPAL MANAGER, BEAUFORT WEST

LOCAL MUNICIPALITY N.O. 4th Respondent

THE

BEAUFORT WEST LOCAL

MUNICIPALITY N.O. 5th

Respondent

THE MUNICIPAL MANAGER, CENTRAL KAROO

DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY N.O. 6th Respondent

DESAI,J

The applicants seek leave to appeal the dismissal of their application. The matter has a long and convoluted history. It initially came before me during the floor-crossing window period. At that stage there appeared to be a live controversy which required an urgent resolution. However the applicants elected not to pursue the matter pending the final isat ion of a related application with regard to the leadership of ICOSA. It seems that the applicants must now live with the consequences of that strategic choice.

The applicants also attempted to cross to another party, but this endeavour failed when the IEC declined to process their floor-crossing forms. Although the floor-crossing period had closed the applicants then sought to re-activate - as Mr Borgstrom puts it -this matter. As noted elsewhere we were only required to give a ruling on 23 December 2007. This was done. The reasons were to follow

at a later stage. This aspect had been agreed upon by the parties On 19 March 2008 by-elections were held in respect of the seats

previously held by certain of the applicants. A bid by the applicants to stop these elections, both In this court and in the Supreme Court of Appeal, failed.

The current position is as follows. The seats formerly held by the first, second and sixth applicants - the proportional seats - have been filled by the [EC from ICOSA's party list. The third, fourth and fifth applicants occupied their seats as Ward Councillors. These seats were filled when the by-electrons were held. It accordingly appears impossible to reinstate the applicants as councillors as the seats previously held by them have now all been filled with other people.

The applicants quite clearly intended to leave ICOSA during the floor-crossing period. The tactics employed by them were directed at doing whatever was necessary to re-claim their seats during the floor-crossing period, so that they could immediately leave the party. The application was premised on the matter being heard during the floor-crossing period and did not cater for the retroactive

recognition of their right to cross the floor.

During the course of argument in the principal matter applicants' counsel for the first time presented a draft order including relief

retroactively permitting the applicants to cross the floor. He appreciated at that stage that this case would only present a live

issue if the applicants could be replaced into the seats formerly held by them and then were permitted to cross the floor to another

party.

The decisions appointing the new councillors have not been challenged by the applicants and there are no vacancies to which the applicants can be reinstated. The applicants3 attempted floor-crossing failed and the IEC considered and rejected their ffoor-crossing forms. That decision was not reviewed, and the IEC, again as Mr Bdrgstrom puts it, is functus officio. It was simply not open to this Court to reopen the window period for the applicants This would be contrary to the relevant provisions of the constitution.

No new matter is raised in the grounds of appeal. The arguments advanced therein, and also orally by Mr Osborne, have been dealt with at length in the reasons already furnished. It seems that the relief sought is entirely moot as no effective relief can be granted on appeal.

For the reasons set out in the principal judgment I am of the view that there are no reasonable prospects of another Court coming to any different conclusion with regard to the merits of the application. In the result the APPPLICATION FOR LEAVE TO APPEAL IS DISMISSED WITH COSTS.

DESAI,

J

I concur

LE GRANGE, J

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Constitution of the Republic of South Africa

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