Dladla v Ndhlovu and Others (2022-13299) [2023] ZAGPJHC 1019 (11 September 2023)
- Citation
- [2023] ZAGPJHC 1019
- Status
- Judgment
- Jurisdiction
- South Africa
- Court
- South Gauteng High Court, Johannesburg
- Panel
- GC Wright
- Case number
- 2022-13299
More details
- Court
- South Gauteng High Court, Johannesburg
- Panel
- GC Wright
- Case number
- 2022-13299
On this page
Professional case brief
Research organized from the available case record
01
Holding and result
The applicant has provided a reasonable explanation for the delay in bringing the rescission application, and there is no prejudice to the respondents. However, her legal standing and right to participate in the estate depend on proving her customary marriage to the deceased, which is disputed and cannot be resolved on affidavit. The matter is referred to trial to determine the validity of the applicant's marriage and her entitlement in the estate. The applicant is granted condonation for the late filing, and the proceedings are converted to trial action to resolve the factual disputes.
Court disposition
Application for condonation granted; matter referred to trial; costs reserved.
Orders
- The applicant is granted condonation for the lateness of the application.
- The notice of motion stands as a simple summons.
- The notice of intention to oppose stands as a notice of intention to defend.
- The applicant is to deliver a declaration by 30 September 2023.
- Thereafter, the matter proceeds as a trial action.
- Costs reserved.
02
Material facts
Parties
Gawulaphi Dladla
Applicant Counsel: Adv Nhlakanipho Edward MbheleMabel Phindile Ndhlovu
Respondent Counsel: Att Tafara MukwaniMinister of Home Affairs
RespondentDirector General of the Department of Home Affairs
RespondentMaster of South Gauteng High Court
Respondent03
Procedural history
Posture
Rescission Application / Condonation and Conversion to Trial Action
04
Questions and positions
Legal issues
- 01
Whether the applicant has legal standing to seek rescission of the previous order declaring the first respondent as the customary spouse of the deceased.
- 02
Whether the applicant's explanation for the delay in bringing the application is reasonable and warrants condonation.
- 03
Whether the disputes of fact regarding the existence and validity of the applicant's customary marriage to the deceased can be resolved on paper or require referral to trial.
- 04
Whether the applicant was prejudiced by not being cited in the original application.
Party arguments
- Applicant
- The applicant contends she was married by custom to Mr Madondo in 1974, prior to the alleged marriage between the first respondent and Mr Madondo. She asserts she did not consent to any subsequent customary marriage and was not cited in the original application. She only became aware of the order seven months after it was granted and lacked funds to approach a lawyer sooner. She seeks rescission of the order and recognition of her rights in the deceased estate.
- Respondent
- The first respondent disputes the applicant's claim of a prior customary marriage and raises substantial factual disputes. She maintains that the order declaring her as the customary spouse was properly granted and challenges the applicant's standing and entitlement to participate in the estate. The answering affidavit contests the applicant's version of events and the validity of her marriage to the deceased.
05
Court’s reasoning
Legal principles
- 01
Uniform Rules of Court, Rule 42
A party seeking rescission of judgment must demonstrate legal standing and provide a reasonable explanation for any delay in bringing the application.
- 02
Room Hire Co (Pty) Ltd v Jeppe Street Mansions (Pty) Ltd 1949 (3) SA 1155 (T)
Material disputes of fact that cannot be resolved on affidavit must be referred to trial for proper adjudication.
06
Ratio, limits and disposition
Ratio decidendi
The applicant has provided a reasonable explanation for the delay in bringing the rescission application, and there is no prejudice to the respondents. However, her legal standing and right to participate in the estate depend on proving her customary marriage to the deceased, which is disputed and cannot be resolved on affidavit. The matter is referred to trial to determine the validity of the applicant's marriage and her entitlement in the estate. The applicant is granted condonation for the late filing, and the proceedings are converted to trial action to resolve the factual disputes.
Obiter and limits
- Had the applicant's interest been known at the time of the original order, the order would not have been granted without her participation.
- The applicant's standing is central to the rescission application and must be determined at trial.
Court disposition
Application for condonation granted; matter referred to trial; costs reserved.
- The applicant is granted condonation for the lateness of the application.
- The notice of motion stands as a simple summons.
- The notice of intention to oppose stands as a notice of intention to defend.
- The applicant is to deliver a declaration by 30 September 2023.
- Thereafter, the matter proceeds as a trial action.
- Costs reserved.
Source and reliance status
South Gauteng High Court, Johannesburg
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Judgment reading view
Judgment text
The complete available source text.
South Gauteng High Court, Johannesburg
Judgment
IN
THE HIGH COURT OF SOUTH AFRICA
GAUTENG DIVISION, JOHANNESBURG
CASE NO: 2022-13299
NOT REPORTABLE
NOT OF INTEREST TO
OTHER JUDGES
REVISED
11/09/23
In the matter between:
GAWULAPHI
DLADLA
APPLICANT And
MABEL
PHINDILE NDHLOVU
FIRST
RESPONDENT
THE
MINISTER OF HOME AFFAIRS
SECOND
RESPONDENT
THE
DIRECTOR GENERAL OF THE DEPARTMENT OF HOME AFFAIRS
THIRD
RESPONDENT
THE
MASTER OF SOUTH GAUTENG HIGH COURT
FORTH
RESPONDENT
JUDGMENT
WRIGHT J
1. On 21 May 2021, as part of the unopposed motion roll, I granted an order in favour of the present first respondent, Ms Ndlovu. The order declared that Ms Ndlovu had been married by custom to the late Mr Madondo. The order provided for the Master of the High Court to issue letters of executorship to Ms Ndlovu in the deceased estate of Mr Madondo.
2. The present applicant, Ms Dladla seeks now rescission of my earlier order. She says that she was married by custom to Mr Madondo in 1974, well before Ms Ndlovu and Mr Madondo purportedly got married. Ms Dladla says that she never consented to the customary marriage between Ms Ndlovu and Mr Madondo and therefor any marriage between them is invalid. What appear to be at stake are the rights of Ms Dladla and Ms Ndlovu to inherit from Mr Madondo.
3. Ms Dladla says that the first time she learnt of my order was on 10 December 2021, some seven months after it had been granted. She points out that she was not cited in the application before me.
4. The present application was launched some four or five month’s after Ms Dladla found out about my order. She explains that she did not have funds to approach a lawyer in time. In my view, this explanation is reasonable and there is no prejudice to the respondents.
5. Ms Dladla sets out a case in her founding affidavit regarding her marriage in 1974 to Mr Madondo. The answering affidavit of Ms Ndlovu raises huge disputes of fact. The replying affidavit contains factual allegations and evidence which should have been placed in founding affidavit.
6. These disputes of fact cannot be adjudicated on paper.
7. Ms Dladla has no legal standing to rescind the earlier order and no right to participate in the estate of Mr Madondo unless she proves her marriage to Mr Madondo. In these circumstances, she is at this stage entitled to condonation for the late bringing of
the present application but the matter needs to go to trial.
8. Had I known of the fact that Ms Dladla had an interest in the matter, if in fact she has such interest, I would not have granted the order sought now to be rescinded and Ms Dladla would be entitled to request a rescission of my order. Because her standing is of cardinal importance to her application, the matter needs a trial.
ORDER
1. The applicant is granted for condonation for the lateness of the application.
2. The notice of motion stands as a simple summons.
3. The notice of intention to oppose stands as a notice of intention to defend.
4. The applicant is to deliver a declaration by 30 September 2023.
5. Thereafter, the matter proceeds as a trial action.
6. Costs reserved.
GC Wright
Judge of the High Court
Gauteng Division, Johannesburg
HEARD : 11 September 2023
DELIVERED : 11 September 2023
APPEARANCES :
APPLICANT
Adv Nhlakanipho Edward Mbhele
071 154 2966
nzacalaw@gmail.com
Instructed by
Nzaca Attorneys
011 860 0285
1st
RESPONDENT
Att Tafara Mukwani
074 631 1482
tafara@mukwaniattorney.co.za
T. Mukwani Attorneys
011 331 0072 / 074 631 1482
tafara@mukwaniattorneys.co.za
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