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South Africa Judgment

South Gauteng High Court, Johannesburg

Esmie v Road Accident Fund (2019/9007) [2025] ZAGPJHC 657 (9 June 2025)

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Source document

01

Holding and result

The court found that the plaintiff, as a passenger, credibly testified to the occurrence of the accident and her resulting injuries. Although she did not witness the precise moment of impact, her evidence regarding the damage to the taxi and the circumstances of the collision was accepted. The absence of any evidence from the defendant, despite proper notice, left the plaintiff's version unchallenged. The court held that the defendant is 100% liable for the plaintiff's damages, which remain to be proven, and awarded costs to the plaintiff.

Court disposition

Judgment granted in favour of the plaintiff. Defendant held 100% liable for damages to be proven.

Orders

  • Judgment is granted in favour of the plaintiff against the defendant.
  • The defendant is 100% liable to the plaintiff’s damages which remain to be proven.
  • The defendant must pay the plaintiff's costs on scale C, including costs of counsel.

02

Material facts

Parties

Caine Nokuzda Esmie

Plaintiff Counsel: Adv. Masemola-Seageng

Road Accident Fund

Defendant

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Civil Trial / Merits Only

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
The plaintiff, a pensioner and passenger in a taxi, testified that she was injured in a collision at Church and Zeiler streets, Pretoria, on 25 July 2015. She described hearing a loud noise, being thrown to her knees, and being trapped inside the taxi with other passengers. She stated that another vehicle smashed the right sliding passenger door of the taxi, but admitted she did not see the actual impact as she was using her cellphone. She was hospitalized for 25 days with injuries to her chest, ribs, left hip, and back, and continues to receive treatment.
Respondent
The defendant did not appear at trial and presented no evidence or argument, despite proper notice of set down being served on the office of the state attorney.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Road Accident Fund Act 56 of 1996

    A plaintiff who is a passenger in a motor vehicle is not required to prove the precise manner in which the accident occurred, but must establish that the accident did occur and resulted in injury.

  2. 02

    Santam Insurance Co Ltd v Bester 1981 (1) SA 693 (A)

    The burden of proof rests on the plaintiff to establish liability on a balance of probabilities.

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The court found that the plaintiff, as a passenger, credibly testified to the occurrence of the accident and her resulting injuries. Although she did not witness the precise moment of impact, her evidence regarding the damage to the taxi and the circumstances of the collision was accepted. The absence of any evidence from the defendant, despite proper notice, left the plaintiff's version unchallenged. The court held that the defendant is 100% liable for the plaintiff's damages, which remain to be proven, and awarded costs to the plaintiff.

Obiter and limits

  • The inexperience of plaintiff's counsel did not materially affect the outcome, as the facts were sufficiently established.
  • The location of the accident at a T-junction or traffic lights supports the plaintiff's account of the collision and the damage to the taxi.

Court disposition

Judgment granted in favour of the plaintiff. Defendant held 100% liable for damages to be proven.

  • Judgment is granted in favour of the plaintiff against the defendant.
  • The defendant is 100% liable to the plaintiff’s damages which remain to be proven.
  • The defendant must pay the plaintiff's costs on scale C, including costs of counsel.

Source and reliance status

South Gauteng High Court, Johannesburg

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Judgment text

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Source document

South Gauteng High Court, Johannesburg

Judgment

[2025] ZAGPJHC 657

SAFLII Note: Certain personal/private details of parties or witnesses have been redacted from this document in compliance with the law and SAFLII Policy

REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

IN THE HIGH COURT OF SOUTH AFRICA

GAUTENG LOCAL DIVISION,

JOHANNESBURG

CASE NO:2019/9007

(1) REPORTABLE: YES / NO

(2) OF INTEREST TO OTHER JUDGES: YES/NO

(3) REVISED.

In the matter between:

CAINE

NOKUZDA

ESMIE

Plaintiff

And

ROAD

ACCIDENT

FUND

Defendant

JUDGMENT

MABESELE J:

[1] This is a claim for damages, arising from the motor vehicle accident. The accident occurred between the motor vehicle with registration number B[…] and the motor vehicle V[…]. At the time of the collision the plaintiff was a passenger in a motor vehicle with registration number V[…]. The trial proceeded on the merits, only. There was no appearance on behalf of the defendant despite notice of set down being served on the office of the state attorney. Accordingly, no evidence was presented on behalf of the defendant.

[2] The plaintiff was a single witness. She is a pensioner. She resides at Seeiso Street, in Atteridgeville. On 25th July 2015 she was travelling to town, in Pretoria and was using a public transport, commonly known as a “taxi”. She was in the company of the other passengers. It was during the day. As the taxi reached the Church and Zeiler streets she suddenly heard a loud noise which she described as a ‘big bang’. Suddenly she found herself on her knees and her body facing the back window of the taxi. She was unable to move her body. The passengers were trapped inside the taxi. Minutes later, people

rescued them. They were taken out of the taxi and put on the ground. It was at that stage that she noticed a stationery taxi close by. She did not know why the taxi was there. When she was asked to explain as to how the accident occurred she first said that another vehicle smashed the right sliding passenger door of their taxi. On the same breath she said that she did not see how the accident occurred because she was busy with her cellphone.

[3] The injured passengers, herself included, were transported from the accident scene by an ambulance to the hospital. She was admitted to the Steve Biko Hospital and discharged after 25 days. She sustained injuries on the chest, ribs, left hip and the back. She is currently receiving treatment from the hospital.

[4] Although the burden of proof lies on the plaintiff, regard is had that the plaintiff, in casu, was a passenger. Old as she is and while she was concentrating on the cell phone when the collision occurred, she spoke about damage on the sliding passenger door of the taxi that she was travelling in, and, another stationary taxi close by. Her counsel, who is not experienced, did not persue the issue of damage to the sliding passenger door, if regard is had that the collision occurred in Church and Zeiler

streets which, to my understanding, meets at the T-junction or robots. This, in my view, explains the evidence of the plaintiff that the sliding door was smashed by another vehicle. It is for this reason, also, that the passengers were trapped inside the taxi. For these reasons, judgment should be granted in favour of the plaintiff.

[5] Therefore, the following order is made:

5.1 Judgment is granted in favour of the plaintiff against the defendant.

5.2 The defendant is 100% liable to the plaintiff’s damages which remain to be proven.

5.2 The defendant should pay the plaintiff's costs on scale C, including costs of counsel.

M.M MABESELE

(Judge of the High Court Gauteng Local Division)

Date of hearing:

4 June 2025

Date of judgment:

9 June 2025

Appearances

On behalf of the plaintiff: Adv. Masemola-Seageng

Instructed by:

Dengo Incorporated

On behalf of the defendant: No appearance

Instructed by:

State Attorneys

Source wording is retained. Consult the source document for its original formatting and pagination.

Authorities

Authorities used by the court

Cases, legislation, regulations, and constitutional provisions identified in the available record.

Santam Insurance Co Ltd v Bester 1981 (1) SA 693 (A)

Case cited

Road Accident Fund Act 56 of 1996

Legislation

Legislation referenced in the available case record.

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