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South Africa Judgment

South Gauteng High Court, Johannesburg

J.J.A v A.A (2022/021236) [2023] ZAGPJHC 1045 (15 September 2023)

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Source document

01

Holding and result

The court finds that, despite the respondent's denial, there is credible evidence of recent suicidal threats. However, the psychiatrist's letter, though somewhat outdated, indicates stability. The respondent is under immense pressure, and the cause may be emotional distress or alleged abuse. The matter is urgent and cannot be referred to trial or delayed for expert reports. The risk of destabilizing the respondent by granting interim custody to the applicant may have adverse consequences for the children. Therefore, the status quo must prevail: the children remain primarily with the respondent, subject to the existing weekend arrangement with the applicant. The Family Advocate is requested to report as soon as possible. Costs are reserved.

Court disposition

Interim custody arrangement remains unchanged; children to stay primarily with the respondent, with weekend access to the applicant. Family Advocate to report urgently. Costs reserved.

Orders

  • The children shall remain primarily in the custody of the respondent, subject to the current weekend arrangement with the applicant.
  • The Family Advocate is requested to prepare a report as soon as practically possible.
  • Costs are reserved.

02

Material facts

Parties

J.J.A

Applicant Counsel: Raquel Andrews

A.A

Respondent Counsel: Viviano Vergano

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Urgent Application / Interim Relief

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
The applicant contends that the respondent has recently threatened suicide, evidenced by a note and a Whatsapp message. He fears for the safety of the children and seeks interim primary custody, supervised access for the respondent, and urgent investigation by a psychologist. He denies allegations of abuse and asserts that his actions were to prevent the respondent from self-harm.
Respondent
The respondent denies suicidal tendencies and claims the applicant is an alcoholic who has assaulted and threatened her. She admits to a nervous breakdown and voluntary psychiatric admission but provides a psychiatrist's letter stating she is stable and fit to care for the children. She seeks joint custody, joint parenting, and the appointment of a Parenting Co-ordinator and Family Advocate. She alleges the applicant's violent temper, supported by a photo of a broken door.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Children's Act 38 of 2005

    In urgent applications concerning child custody, the paramount consideration is the best interests of the child.

  2. 02

    Plascon-Evans Paints Ltd v Van Riebeeck Paints (Pty) Ltd 1984 (3) SA 623 (A)

    Where disputes of fact cannot be resolved on affidavit, the court must act cautiously and avoid drastic interim changes unless clearly warranted.

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The court finds that, despite the respondent's denial, there is credible evidence of recent suicidal threats. However, the psychiatrist's letter, though somewhat outdated, indicates stability. The respondent is under immense pressure, and the cause may be emotional distress or alleged abuse. The matter is urgent and cannot be referred to trial or delayed for expert reports. The risk of destabilizing the respondent by granting interim custody to the applicant may have adverse consequences for the children. Therefore, the status quo must prevail: the children remain primarily with the respondent, subject to the existing weekend arrangement with the applicant. The Family Advocate is requested to report as soon as possible. Costs are reserved.

Obiter and limits

  • The court notes the delays in obtaining reports from the Family Advocate and psychologists, which complicate urgent family matters.
  • It would be a terrible irony if an order intended to safeguard the children resulted in greater harm due to the respondent's fragile state.

Court disposition

Interim custody arrangement remains unchanged; children to stay primarily with the respondent, with weekend access to the applicant. Family Advocate to report urgently. Costs reserved.

  • The children shall remain primarily in the custody of the respondent, subject to the current weekend arrangement with the applicant.
  • The Family Advocate is requested to prepare a report as soon as practically possible.
  • Costs are reserved.

Source and reliance status

South Gauteng High Court, Johannesburg

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Judgment text

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Source document

South Gauteng High Court, Johannesburg

Judgment

[2023] ZAGPJHC 1045

SAFLII Note: Certain personal/private details of parties or witnesses have been redacted from this document in compliance with the law and SAFLII Policy

IN

THE HIGH COURT OF SOUTH AFRICA

GAUTENG DIVISION,

JOHANNESBURG

CASE NO: 2022/021236

NOT REPORTABLE

NOT OF INTEREST TO

OTHER JUDGES

REVISED

15.09.23

In the matter between:

J.J.A (Identity Number:[…])

APPLICANT And A.A (Identity Number:[…])

RESPONDENT

JUDGMENT

WRIGHT J

This case comes before me, as a matter of urgency, on Friday afternoon, 15 September 2023. The applicant man and the respondent woman are divorced but live 400 metres apart in different units in the same complex. They have two minor children, aged 15 and 9.

The applicant seeks urgently an order that the primary custody of the children be awarded to him on an interim basis and that the respondent be awarded access to the children on alternate weekends supervised by her parents. He seeks also an order now that the matter be investigated by an expert psychologist and reported on urgently.

The applicant alleges that the respondent has recently, and not for the first time, attempted suicide. He attaches a document in the form of a note by the respondent, in which she appears to threaten suicide. He fears that she will harm the children. He alleges that as late as 11 September 2023, 4 days ago, she again threatened suicide in a Whatsapp message. The message appears to confirm the allegation by the applicant.

Attached to the founding affidavit is a letter from the respondent’s attorney dated 12 September 2023. The applicant is accused of physically assaulting the respondent and of other forms of abuse.

In her answering affidavit, the respondent says that the applicant is an alcoholic who has assaulted her and threatened to shoot her. On one occasion, she says, he was too drunk to drive back from a bar so he got their 15 years old son to drive.

The respondent had a nervous breakdown and she admitted herself to a psychiatric hospital for about 10 days.

The respondent denies suicidal tendencies but in my view the evidence points to threats of suicide.

Attached to her answering affidavit is a letter, dated 13 September 2023, two days after the last suicide threat, by her psychiatrist to the effect that she is stable and can look after her children. The psychiatrist last saw the respondent on about 15 August 2023.

The respondent attaches a photo of a broken door to illustrate the applicant’s bad temper. She says that he broke the door in a fit of rage while she was trying to avoid him.

The respondent has launched a counter-application in which she seeks joint custody, as is the arrangement at present, and an order for joint parenting with the appointment of a Parenting Co-ordinator and the input of the Family Advocate.

In the applicant’s reply he denies abuse. He says he broke the door so that he could stop her committing suicide.

In my view, the respondent is suicidal, notwithstanding her psychiatrist’s outdated letter. Her messages are clear evidence of this.

There are huge disputes of fact which can’t be decided on paper.

Apart from the suicide issue, there is nothing in the respondent’s affidavit which is inherently implausible on paper. I can’t send the matter to trial as the case is urgent.

This weekend, that is from this afternoon, the children, who live most of the time with the respondent, are scheduled to spend the weekend with the applicant and then go back to the respondent.

The respondent is clearly under immense pressure. The pressure may be caused just by her refusal to accept that the applicant no longer loves her, as the applicant says, or it may be caused by his violence and abuse, as she says. It may be a combination of both.

In my view, granting an order against the respondent may tip her over the edge. It would be a terrible irony if I granted an order, the intention of which is to safeguard the children but the effect were to be the opposite.

Both Ms Andrews, for the applicant and Ms Vergano for the respondent informed me that there is a long delay, perhaps 6 months to a year for the Family Advocate to produce a report. It appears also that experts, like psychologists may take months to consult and prepare reports.

It occurred to me that the respondent’s psychiatrist could be asked to do an updated report but that would take time and fairness would then require that the respondent be assessed by an expert of the applicant’s choice. Then the experts would need to meet and do a joint minute. All of this would take time. I need to decide the matter now.

In my view, the position at present must prevail, namely that the children remain mostly in the custody of the respondent, subject to the present weekend arrangement. I shall request the Family Advocate to do a report as soon as practically possible.

Costs should be reserved.

ORDER

X as amended. -

GC Wright

Judge of the High Court

Gauteng Division, Johannesburg

HEARD : 15 September 2023

DELIVERED : 15 September 2023

APPEARANCES :

APPLICANT

Adv Raquel Andrews

082 414 7455

randrews@olamide.co.za

Instructed by

TF Kruger Incorporated

011 766 1428/9

kruger@krugerattorney.co.za

debbie@krugerattorney.co.za

RESPONDENT

Adv Viviano Vergano

082 536 4969

advocatevergano@gmail.com

Casper Le Roux Incorporated

011 412 2820/ 010 549 1630

casper@cjleroux.co.za

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Authorities

Authorities used by the court

Cases, legislation, regulations, and constitutional provisions identified in the available record.

Plascon-Evans Paints Ltd v Van Riebeeck Paints (Pty) Ltd 1984 (3) SA 623 (A)

Case cited

Children's Act 38 of 2005

Legislation

Legislation referenced in the available case record.

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