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South Africa Judgment

North Gauteng High Court, Pretoria

Lakhanya Logistics CC and Others v Booi and Another (6569/2019) [2020] ZAGPPHC 475 (4 September 2020)

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01

Holding and result

The court found that the applicants failed to make out a proper case for termination of the first respondent's membership under section 36(1) of the Close Corporation Act. The founding affidavit was vague and lacked substantiated allegations. The supplementary founding affidavit and amended notice of motion were filed without leave and introduced new evidence and relief, which is impermissible and prejudicial to the respondent. The second applicant's locus standi was not properly established, as there was no written resolution authorising her to institute proceedings. The first respondent's application for postponement was dismissed as lacking merit, given that he and his attorney were aware of the hearing date and failed to file heads of argument. Consequently, both the application for postponement and the main application were dismissed with costs.

Court disposition

Both the application for postponement and the main application were dismissed with costs.

Orders

  • The application by the first respondent for a postponement is dismissed with costs.
  • The applicants' application is dismissed with costs.

02

Material facts

Parties

Lakhanya Logistics CC

Applicant Counsel: Mr M Mngqingo

Nolitha Radebe

Applicant Counsel: Mr M Mngqingo

Vabaza Bandile

Applicant Counsel: Mr M Mngqingo

Mahlubandile Itumeleng Radebe

Applicant Counsel: Mr M Mngqingo

Thamsanqa Zuko Booi

Respondent Counsel: Mr Thabo Feke

Companies and Intellectual Property Commission

Respondent

Amounts and remedies

  • Interest Tendered on Repayment: ZAR 2

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Civil Application / Opposed Motion; Judgment Delivered

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
The applicants sought an order terminating the first respondent's membership in the close corporation, alleging that he was not involved in the day-to-day running of the business and that his continued membership was detrimental. They tendered repayment of his contribution plus 2% interest. They argued that authority to institute proceedings derived from membership, and filed confirmatory affidavits. Supplementary affidavits and amended notice of motion were filed to introduce new evidence and relief.
Respondent
The first respondent contended that the applicants failed to meet the requirements of section 36(1) of the Close Corporation Act, as the founding affidavit lacked necessary allegations. He asserted he contributed time, money, and expertise, and denied any grounds for termination. He challenged the locus standi of the second applicant and objected to the introduction of new evidence and amended relief without leave. He also applied for postponement, citing lack of communication with his attorney.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Close Corporation Act 69 of 1984, s36(1)

    A party seeking termination of membership in a close corporation must satisfy the requirements of section 36(1) of the Close Corporation Act, including substantiated allegations in the founding affidavit.

  2. 02

    Uniform Rules of Court; case law on amendment and affidavits

    New evidence and amended relief may not be introduced in reply or by supplementary affidavits without leave of the court, as this prejudices the respondent.

  3. 03

    Close Corporation Act 69 of 1984; case law on locus standi

    Authority to institute proceedings must be properly established, and mere membership does not automatically confer locus standi without a resolution or proper authorisation.

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The court found that the applicants failed to make out a proper case for termination of the first respondent's membership under section 36(1) of the Close Corporation Act. The founding affidavit was vague and lacked substantiated allegations. The supplementary founding affidavit and amended notice of motion were filed without leave and introduced new evidence and relief, which is impermissible and prejudicial to the respondent. The second applicant's locus standi was not properly established, as there was no written resolution authorising her to institute proceedings. The first respondent's application for postponement was dismissed as lacking merit, given that he and his attorney were aware of the hearing date and failed to file heads of argument. Consequently, both the application for postponement and the main application were dismissed with costs.

Obiter and limits

  • The court emphasised that the ordinary rule is that only three sets of affidavits are allowed, and further affidavits require leave of the court.
  • Introducing new allegations or evidence in reply or by supplementary affidavit without leave is not permissible and prejudices the opposing party.
  • Authority to institute proceedings should be properly documented, and mere membership is insufficient without a resolution.

Court disposition

Both the application for postponement and the main application were dismissed with costs.

  • The application by the first respondent for a postponement is dismissed with costs.
  • The applicants' application is dismissed with costs.

Source and reliance status

North Gauteng High Court, Pretoria

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Judgment text

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Source document

North Gauteng High Court, Pretoria

Judgment

[2020] ZAGPPHC 475

IN

THE HIGH COURT OF SOUTH AFRICA

(GAUTENG DIVISION, PRETORIA)

(1) REPORTABLE: YES/NO

(2)

OF INTEREST TO OTHERS JUDGES: YES/NO

(3)

REVISED

CASE NO: 6569/2019

In the matter between:

LAKHANYA

LOGISTICS CC

First Applicant

(with Registration No. 2006/089071/23)

NOLITHA

RADEBE

Second Applicant

VABAZA

BANDILE

Third Applicant

MAHLUBANDILE

ITUMELENG RADEBE

Fourth Applicant

And

THAMSANQA

ZUKO

BOOI

First Respondent

COMPANIES

AND INTELLECTUAL

PROPERTY

COMMISSION

Second Respondent

JUDGMENT

FABRICIUS J

[1] In this application the applicant seeks an order that First Respondent’s membership of First Applicant be terminated.

[2] First Applicant also tenders repayment of First Respondent’s contribution plus 2% interest for a certain period. It is not clear how this mentioned percentage is arrived at.

The original notice of motion is dated 29 January 2018.

[3] An Answering affidavit was filed on 11 July 2019 although the affidavit is dated 7 May 2019. There is no explanation for the delay, but there appears to have been no objection.

[4] This affidavit is mainly to the effect that Applicants did not bring themselves within the parameters of the provisions of s36 (1) of the Close Corporation Act 69 of 1984, in that none of the required allegations were even dealt with in the founding affidavit, or if they were, this was only done on a vague or perfunctory basis. I agree with this contention. First Respondent also added that to the knowledge of Applicants he had been in full-time employment elsewhere, and that he was never involved in the day-to-day running of the business. He was however available for important meetings as he held an interest of 20% in the business. Apart from a financial contribution he contributed by way of his knowledge and expertise of transport matters. He gave details of how applicants had abused funds of the business, over which he had no control. He denied any allegations in the context of s36(1) of the Act especially for the reason that he had contributed time, money and skill to the business.

[5] A lengthy Replying Affidavit was filed on 12 August 2019. It dealt with some of the allegations made by First Respondent but also introduced additional new allegations, which is not permissible in reply, and which prejudice the Respondent.

[6] First Respondent had also raised the question of Second Applicant’s locus standi herein, who merely confirmed in reply that there was no written resolution authorising her to institute these proceedings but that the authority was derived merely from the fact that she was a member of the corporation. The third and fourth applicants have however also filed confirmatory and supporting affidavits.

[7] Matters were made worse by way of 2 other steps taken by applicants:

7.1 An amended notice of motion was simply filed on 13 July 2020, long after proceedings had closed as I have indicated. The relief sought is now substantially different. No leave to amend was sought;

7.2 A Supplementary Founding Affidavit was filed on 25 August 2020. It is however dated 4 August 2020. The ordinary rule is that 3 sets of affidavits are allowed though a Court may in its discretion permit the filing of further affidavits. Again, no leave was even sought. It also introduced new evidence by way of Financial Statements for the years of 2018-2020 which First Respondent could obviously not deal with. There is also no affidavit by the author of such.

[8] The purported amended Notice of Motion and the Supplementary Founding Affidavit are therefore not allowed. The Founding Affidavit does not make out a proper substantiated case in terms of s36(1) of the Act, and the new material evidence in reply cannot remedy this defect.

[9] On 28 August 2020 (the opposed hearings commenced on 31 August 2020). First Respondent filed an Application for postponement. No heads of argument had been filed by him. The main reason seems to have been a lack of communication between him and his attorney, although it is clear that they were aware of the date of the hearing and were even reminded to file heads of argument. There is no merit in this application at all.

[10] As a result of the above the following order is made:

10.1 The application by First Respondent for a postponement is dismissed with costs;

10.2 Applicant’s application is dismissed with costs.

H

FABRICIUS

JUDGE

OF THE HIGH COURT OF SOUTH AFRICA

GAUTENG DIVISION, PRETORIA

DATE OF HEARING: NO ORAL HEARING

DATE OF JUDGMENT: 4 September 2020

FOR THE APPLICANTS: MR M MNGQINGO

INSTRUCTED BY: MNGQINGO ATTORNEYS INC.

FOR THE 1ST RESPONDENT: MR THABO FEKE

INSTRUCTED BY: FEKE MYEKO ATTORNEYS

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Authorities

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Cases, legislation, regulations, and constitutional provisions identified in the available record.

Close Corporation Act 69 of 1984

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