South Africa Judgment

North Gauteng High Court, Pretoria

Lawrence v Road Accident Fund (28273/2019) [2021] ZAGPPHC 683 (7 October 2021)

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Professional case brief

Research organized from the available case record

Source document

01

Holding and result

The court accepted the plaintiff's expert evidence and counsel's submissions regarding quantum. It found that the omission of the general damages amount in the previous order was an error and, in terms of rule 42(1)(b), varied the order to include general damages of R840,000.00. The total award for general damages and loss of earnings was set at R1,841,258.93, subject to the previously settled 70/30% apportionment in favour of the plaintiff. The defendant was ordered to pay the full amount to the plaintiff.

Court disposition

Order varied to include omitted general damages; defendant ordered to pay total quantum subject to 70/30% apportionment.

Orders

  • General damages of R840,000.00 awarded to the plaintiff.
  • Loss of earnings of R1,001,258.93 awarded to the plaintiff.
  • Total amount of R1,841,258.93 subject to 70/30% deduction in favour of the plaintiff.
  • Defendant ordered to pay R1,841,258.93 for general damages and loss of earnings to the plaintiff.
  • Finalised order to be uploaded onto Caselines and delivered to the parties by email.

02

Material facts

Parties

Heidi Lawrence

Plaintiff Counsel: Adv. C Nell

Road Accident Fund

Defendant

Amounts and remedies

  • General Damages: ZAR 840,000
  • Loss of Earnings: ZAR 1,001,258.93
  • Total Quantum Before Apportionment: ZAR 1,841,258.93

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Civil Trial / Quantum Only; Merits Previously Conceded

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
The plaintiff argued, based on expert reports and the Industrial Psychologist's postulations, that R1,430,369.90 was appropriate for loss of earnings, and that R1,200,000.00 was fair and reasonable for general damages. Counsel submitted comprehensive heads of argument supporting these amounts and requested that the court award them.
Respondent
The defendant did not appear and did not submit any arguments. The matter proceeded unopposed, with the merits previously conceded on a 70/30% liability basis in favour of the plaintiff.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Protea Insurance Co v Lamb 1971 (1) SA 530 (A)

    In assessing general damages for bodily injuries, comparison with comparable cases is for general guidance and should not fetter the court's discretion. Awards should be in general accord with previous cases in broadly similar circumstances.

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The court accepted the plaintiff's expert evidence and counsel's submissions regarding quantum. It found that the omission of the general damages amount in the previous order was an error and, in terms of rule 42(1)(b), varied the order to include general damages of R840,000.00. The total award for general damages and loss of earnings was set at R1,841,258.93, subject to the previously settled 70/30% apportionment in favour of the plaintiff. The defendant was ordered to pay the full amount to the plaintiff.

Obiter and limits

  • Comparable cases should guide but not restrict the court's discretion in awarding general damages.
  • Errors in previous orders may be corrected mero motu under rule 42(1)(b) to ensure justice is served.

Court disposition

Order varied to include omitted general damages; defendant ordered to pay total quantum subject to 70/30% apportionment.

  • General damages of R840,000.00 awarded to the plaintiff.
  • Loss of earnings of R1,001,258.93 awarded to the plaintiff.
  • Total amount of R1,841,258.93 subject to 70/30% deduction in favour of the plaintiff.
  • Defendant ordered to pay R1,841,258.93 for general damages and loss of earnings to the plaintiff.
  • Finalised order to be uploaded onto Caselines and delivered to the parties by email.

Source and reliance status

North Gauteng High Court, Pretoria

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Judgment text

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Source document

North Gauteng High Court, Pretoria

Judgment

[2021] ZAGPPHC 683

IN

THE HIGH COURT OF SOUTH AFRICA

GAUTENG DIVISION, PRETORIA

(1) REPORTABLE: YES/NO

(2)

OF INTEREST TO OTHER JUDGES: YES/NO

(3)

REVISED

CASE NUMBER: 28273/2019

In the matter between:

HEIDI

LAWRENCE

PLAINTIFF

and

ROAD

ACCIDENT

FUND

DEFENDANT

LINK NO: 4608712

CLAIM NO: 560/12758456/316/1

JUDGMENT

MAKWEYA

AJ INTRODUCTION

1. The Plaintiff sues the Road Accident Fund for personal injuries sustained in a motor vehicle accident on the 18 July 2018. The accident occurred Jules and Kirk Street, Jeppestown.

2. This matter was set down to proceed on quantum only, the merits having been previously conceded on the basis that the defendant would be liable for 70% of the plaintiff’s proved damages. In the absence of any appearance for the defendant, the matter proceeded on an unopposed basis.

3. Having considered counsel’s submissions and comprehensive heads of arguments

4. As for general damages, it is trite that in assessing general damages for bodily injuries, the process of comparison with comparable cases does not take the form of a meticulous examination of awards made in other cases, nor should the process be allowed to dominate the enquiry as to become a fetter upon the Court's general discretion. Comparable cases, when available, are to be used to afford general guidance towards assisting the Court in arriving at an award which is not substantially out of general accord with previous awards in broadly similar cases.[1]

5. Having considered Adv. C Nel comprehensive heads of argument in the light of the evidence before me, the Counsel request that an amount R1,200,000.00 was fair and reasonable as general damages. I am satisfied about that.

6. Based on the contents of the expert reports which were confirmed by way of affidavit, and utilising the postulations of the Industrial Psychologist, the plaintiff argued that an amount of R1 430 369.90 was appropriate in respect of loss of earnings, taking into account the suggested contingency deductions. I am satisfied that this is so.

7. On the draft order that was submitted to me on the 11 August 2021, there was no separation of the two heads of quantum that were requested before me and as a result I omitted to add the amount of the general damages even though I was satisfied about the documents submitted and the argument by the Plaintiff’s Counsel.

8. In the order that was granted on the 31 August 2021, I omitted the amount for general damages of R840 000.00 and as a result I arrived at the total amount of R1001 258.93 instead of R1 841 258.93. This amount was arrived at as a result of the initial settled merits of 70/30% between the plaintiff and the defendant.

9. The order made by myself on the 31 August 2021 is thereon mero motu varied in terms of rule 42(1)(b) to include omitted amount of general damages of R840 000.00 on the said order.

1. I make an order in terms of the draft which appears at page 0080 on Caselines, subject to the inclusion of the following:

2. General damages of R840 000.00;

3. Loss of earnings of R1 001 258.93;

4. The total amount of R1 841 258.93 will be subject to 70/30% deduction in favour of the plaintiff;

5. The defendant is ordered to pay R1 841 258.93 for general damages and loss of earnings to the plaintiff.

6. A copy of the finalised order, initialed by me, will be uploaded onto Caselines and delivered to the parties by email.

T.R

MAKWEYA

Acting Judge of the High Court, Pretoria

APPEARANCES:

For the plaintiff: Adv. C NELL

Instructed by: CORNE’ NELL INCORPORATED ATTORNEYS

For the defendant: No appearance

Attorneys of record: None

Date of hearing: 11 AUGUST 2021

Date of judgment: 07 October 2021

[1] Protea Insurance Co v Lamb 1971 (1) SA 530 (A)

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Authorities

Authorities used by the court

Cases, legislation, regulations, and constitutional provisions identified in the available record.

Protea Insurance Co v Lamb 1971 (1) SA 530 (A)

Case cited

Rule 42(1)(b) of the Uniform Rules of Court

Legislation

Legislation referenced in the available case record.

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