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South Africa Judgment

North Gauteng High Court, Pretoria

L.M.G v J.M.G (Reasons) (124145/2023) [2024] ZAGPPHC 1144 (22 May 2024)

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01

Holding and result

The court found that the respondent failed to provide full and frank disclosure of his financial interests, particularly regarding his directorships and ownership in various entities. This lack of transparency justified a negative inference about his financial means. The applicant's need for interim maintenance and legal costs was established, and the respondent's historical support for the applicant and children was acknowledged. Applying the best interests of the minor children and relevant statutory provisions, the court granted interim maintenance, ordered the respondent to retain the applicant and children on medical aid, pay school and household expenses, and contribute towards legal costs. The court also made detailed orders regarding care, residency, and contact arrangements for the minor children, ensuring their welfare pending final determination in the divorce proceedings.

Court disposition

Interim relief granted in favour of the applicant, including maintenance, care and contact arrangements, and contribution towards legal costs.

Orders

  • Leave is granted for the applicant to tender her supplementary affidavit into evidence, limited to agreed issues.
  • Both parties retain full parental responsibilities and rights in terms of sections 18(2)(a), 19, and 20 of the Children's Act for the two minor children.
  • Primary care and residency of the minor children vests with the applicant.
  • Reasonable contact to the minor children is awarded to the respondent as detailed in paragraphs 4.1 to 4.8 of the order.
  • The respondent must pay R6,000.00 per month per child as maintenance, directly to the applicant.
  • The respondent must pay R300.00 per month as maintenance to the applicant.
  • The respondent must retain the applicant and minor children on comprehensive medical aid and pay all premiums and reasonable medical expenses not covered by the scheme.
  • The respondent must pay all school fees, registration fees, extramural activities, aftercare, sport fees, excursions, stationery, uniforms, and related expenses for the minor children.
  • The respondent must pay insurance and license fees for the Mini Cooper used by the applicant.
  • The respondent must pay for repairs, maintenance, and services for the Mini Cooper and provide an alternate vehicle when unavailable.
  • The respondent must arrange and pay for new tyres and a full service of the Mini Cooper within three days.
  • The respondent must pay R3,000 per month to the applicant for the solar system installed on her revolving credit.
  • The applicant and minor children may reside in the previous common home, which the respondent must make available and continue to pay bond instalments, utilities, insurance, 50% of domestic worker costs, Wi-Fi, and grant unfettered access to the geyser.
  • The respondent must contribute R40,000 towards the applicant's legal fees, payable in four monthly instalments of R10,000.
  • The cost of the application is costs in the divorce action.

02

Material facts

Parties

L[...] M[...] G[...]

Applicant Counsel: N Van Niekerk

J[...] M[...] G[...]

Respondent Counsel: L D Isparta

Amounts and remedies

  • Monthly Maintenance Per Child: ZAR 6,000
  • Monthly Maintenance for Applicant: ZAR 300
  • Monthly Solar System Contribution: ZAR 3,000
  • Legal Costs Contribution (total): ZAR 40,000
  • Legal Costs Contribution (monthly Instalment): ZAR 10,000
  • Respondent's Disclosed Net Annual Income: ZAR 841,128
  • Respondent's Average Monthly Bank Deposit: ZAR 83,421.98
  • Respondent's Rental and Electricity Income (monthly): ZAR 6,400

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Urgent Application / Interim Relief Prior to Divorce Trial

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
The applicant contended that she and the minor children require interim maintenance and that the respondent has not fully disclosed his financial means, including interests in various entities. She sought primary care and residency of the children, reasonable contact arrangements for the respondent, retention on medical aid, payment of school and household expenses, and a contribution towards legal costs. She also submitted a supplementary affidavit regarding changed circumstances, excluding certain agreed allegations.
Respondent
The respondent formally tendered certain maintenance and contact arrangements but disputed the extent of his financial obligations and denied undisclosed interests in other entities. He relied on his financial disclosure form and bank statements, but failed to address specific allegations regarding his directorships and ownership interests. He maintained that he has always supported the applicant and the children and opposed the claim for a contribution towards legal costs.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Section 28 of the Constitution of South Africa

    In matters concerning minor children, the best interests of the child are paramount and must guide all interim arrangements.

  2. 02

    Children's Act 38 of 2005, sections 18(2)(a), 19, and 20

    Both parents retain full parental responsibilities and rights unless otherwise ordered by the court.

  3. 03

    Case law principle; see e.g. MB v NB 2010 (3) SA 220 (GSJ)

    A party's failure to make full and frank disclosure of financial means may justify a negative inference regarding their ability to contribute to maintenance and costs.

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The court found that the respondent failed to provide full and frank disclosure of his financial interests, particularly regarding his directorships and ownership in various entities. This lack of transparency justified a negative inference about his financial means. The applicant's need for interim maintenance and legal costs was established, and the respondent's historical support for the applicant and children was acknowledged. Applying the best interests of the minor children and relevant statutory provisions, the court granted interim maintenance, ordered the respondent to retain the applicant and children on medical aid, pay school and household expenses, and contribute towards legal costs. The court also made detailed orders regarding care, residency, and contact arrangements for the minor children, ensuring their welfare pending final determination in the divorce proceedings.

Obiter and limits

  • The respondent's approach to financial disclosure was misguided and left both the applicant and the court in the dark regarding his true financial position.
  • The parties are married in community of property, which increases the necessity for transparency in financial matters.
  • The cost of the application is to be costs in the divorce action, reflecting the interim nature of the relief.

Court disposition

Interim relief granted in favour of the applicant, including maintenance, care and contact arrangements, and contribution towards legal costs.

  • Leave is granted for the applicant to tender her supplementary affidavit into evidence, limited to agreed issues.
  • Both parties retain full parental responsibilities and rights in terms of sections 18(2)(a), 19, and 20 of the Children's Act for the two minor children.
  • Primary care and residency of the minor children vests with the applicant.
  • Reasonable contact to the minor children is awarded to the respondent as detailed in paragraphs 4.1 to 4.8 of the order.
  • The respondent must pay R6,000.00 per month per child as maintenance, directly to the applicant.
  • The respondent must pay R300.00 per month as maintenance to the applicant.
  • The respondent must retain the applicant and minor children on comprehensive medical aid and pay all premiums and reasonable medical expenses not covered by the scheme.
  • The respondent must pay all school fees, registration fees, extramural activities, aftercare, sport fees, excursions, stationery, uniforms, and related expenses for the minor children.
  • The respondent must pay insurance and license fees for the Mini Cooper used by the applicant.
  • The respondent must pay for repairs, maintenance, and services for the Mini Cooper and provide an alternate vehicle when unavailable.
  • The respondent must arrange and pay for new tyres and a full service of the Mini Cooper within three days.
  • The respondent must pay R3,000 per month to the applicant for the solar system installed on her revolving credit.
  • The applicant and minor children may reside in the previous common home, which the respondent must make available and continue to pay bond instalments, utilities, insurance, 50% of domestic worker costs, Wi-Fi, and grant unfettered access to the geyser.
  • The respondent must contribute R40,000 towards the applicant's legal fees, payable in four monthly instalments of R10,000.
  • The cost of the application is costs in the divorce action.

Source and reliance status

North Gauteng High Court, Pretoria

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Judgment text

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Source document

North Gauteng High Court, Pretoria

Judgment

[2024] ZAGPPHC 1144

SAFLII Note: Certain personal/private details of parties or witnesses have been redacted from this document in compliance with the law and SAFLII Policy

HIGH

COURT OF SOUTH AFRICA

(GAUTENG DIVISION, PRETORIA)

CASE NO: 124145/2023

(1) REPORTABLE: NO.

(2) OF INTEREST TO OTHER JUDGES: NO

(3) REVISED.

DATE: 22 MAY 2024

SIGNATURE:

In the matter between:

L[...] M[...] G[...]

Applicant

and

J[...] M[...] G[...]

Respondent

In Re:

J[...] M[...] G[...]

Plaintiff

L[...] M[...] G[...]

Defendant

SHORT

REASONS AND ORDER

RETIEF J

1. This Court has considered the matters as a whole taking into account the documents presented in evidence as well as the Respondent’s formal tender in terms of Uniform Rule 34. This Court has considered both the needs of the Applicant and the minor children [minors], the parties respective abilities to maintain themselves and the minors.

2. This Court too, considered the content of the Applicant’s supplementary affidavit relating to her changed circumstances, with the exclusion of allegations pertaining to H[...] P[...] S[...]s therein as agreed between the parties.

3. The Court notes that the Respondent indicates his income by way of his financial disclosure form originating from M[...] R[...] South Africa as a net annual figure of R 841 128.00 (translates to approximately R 70 094.99) is indicated. In his answering affidavit

he confirms earning a monthly income of a net figure of R 66 85 428.63. However, from the attached bank statement taken over a period of two months, deposits from M[...] R[...] South Africa, indicate an average of R 83 421.98. The discrepancies illustrated

between the payments from M[...] R[...] South Africa are not explained under oath. The Respondent too, appears to receive an amount of R 6400 being the total of rent and electricity received from a tenant who resides in the parties previous common home.

4. The Court has taken into consideration the fact that the Respondent has failed to specifically deal with his interests and potential income from his position as a Director of H[...] P[...] S[...] (K[...]), H[...] P[...] S[...] Africa (K[...]), his directorship and ownership in I[...] S[...] S[...] (Pty) Ltd ( K[...]) and from an entity called High performance [other entities] in his answering affidavit. The allegations made by the Applicant regarding these other entities were simply brushed off by the Respondent. He failed unapologetically to answer it and simply referred this Court to his financial disclosure recording that he issue by virtue of the his financial disclosure and calculations is moot. A totally misguided response. Nonetheless the Court considered the financial disclosure searching for particularity. Nothing was forthcoming, Part 8 and 10 of the financial disclosure not completed, albeit Part 8 as marked “not applicable”. The Applicant’s allegation left wanting. As a direct result, this Court makes a negative inference from the Respondent’s failure to be frank about his interests, if any, in the other entities and the necessity to do so. The parties are married in community of property and it is clear that not only the Applicant but, this Court is left in the dark pertaining to the factual position of the other entities. The Respondent by his own hand has diluted the veracity of his allegations pertaining to his financial means to support and possible shortfall.

5. It is common cause that the Respondent has always maintained the Applicant and the minors

6. This Court has considered the pleadings in the main action to ascertain what the triable issue are to be determined at trial including the claim for the division of the joint estate when considering the Applicant’s claim for a contribution towards her legal costs. The Respondent’s opposition noted as well as the absence thereof in his formal tender.

7. Applying section 28 of the Constitution of South Africa, and the best interest right of the minors, including the necessity to ensure the effect of an order in the parties interest as a result of the divorce proceedings, the following:

THE FOLLOWING INTERIM ORDER IS MADE:

1. Leave is granted for the Applicant to tender her supplementary affidavit into evidence, however, within the purview of the agreed limited issues.

2. That the Applicant and Respondent both retain full parental responsibilities and rights in terms of section 18(2)(a), 19 and 20 of the Children’s Act, Act 38 of 2005, in respect of the two minor children.

3. That primary care and residency of the minor children, born of the marriage between the Applicant and the Respondent vests with the Applicant.

4. That reasonable contact to the minor children be awarded to the Respondent as follows:

4.1 The right to remove the minor children every alternative weekend from Friday at 14:00 until Sunday at 17:00. Should the alternate weekend form part of a long weekend the right to remove the minor children from the first day upon which the long weekend commences at 14:00 until 17:00 on the last day of the long weekend, subject thereto that Easter weekend shall rotate yearly between the parties;

4.2 The right to remove the minor children one afternoon in the week, to be agreed upon between the parties, taking into account the routine, activities and responsibilities of the minor children, from 16:00 to 18:00;

4.3 The right to remove the minor children for half of the available time on each of the minor children’s birthdays, to be agreed upon between the parties;

4.4 The right to remove the minor children on Applicant’s birthday by the Applicant and on Respondent’s birthday by the Respondent if it falls on a school day from 16:00 to 18:00 and if it falls on the other party’s weekend from 09:00 to 17:00;

4.5 The right to remove the minor children on Father’s day by Respondent and on Mother’s day by Applicant if the minor children are with the other party for that weekend from 09:00 to 17:00;

4.6 The right to remove the minor children ever alternate public holiday which does not form part of a long weekend and/or school holiday;

4.7 The right to remove the minor children half of every long school holiday and ever alternate short school holiday subject thereto that the short school holiday shall rotate yearly between the parties. In respect of the December holidays, the party with whom the minor children will spend Christmas and New Year will rotate yearly;

4.8 The right to make telephonic or other electronic media contact with the minor children at all reasonable times taking into account the routine, school activities, school responsibilities and extramural activities of the minor children.

5. That the Respondent be ordered to pay R 6 000.00 per month per child as maintenance for the two minor children, directly to the Applicant. The first payment to be paid immediate and thereafter on or before the 1st of each month.

6. That the Respondent be ordered to pay R 300.00 per month as maintenance to the Applicant. The first payment to be paid immediately and thereafter on or before the 1st of each month.

7. That the Respondent be ordered to retain the minor children and the Applicant on the comprehensive medical aid scheme and pay the medical aid premium and all reasonable medical expenses and excesses for the Applicant and the minor children, not covered by the medical aid.

8. That the Respondent shall continue to pay the minor children’s school fees, registration fees, extramural activities, aftercare fees, sport fees, school excursions, stationary and all reasonable school related expenses and school uniforms, extramural equipment and clothing, sport equipment and clothing.

9. That the Respondent shall continue to pay for the insurance on the Mini Cooper utilised by the Applicant and pay the license fees in respect thereof.

10. The Respondent is ordered to pay for the repairs, continual maintenance, (including tyre/s) and the continual costs associated with the reasonable services in respect of the Mini Cooper and in doing so, is to provide the Applicant with an alternate and reliable vehicle, at his cost when the Mini Cooper is not available as a result of it undergoing repairs and or maintenance and or services.

11. The Respondent is ordered to arrange and to accept a quotation for new tyres and to fully service of the Mini Copper in terms of prayer 10 hereof within 3 (three) days hereof, and to pay the service provider for such tyres and service thereafter accordingly.

12. The Respondent to pay an amount of R 3000 per month to the Applicant in respect of the solar system installed on the Applicant’s revolving credit.

13. The Applicant and the minor children to reside in the previous common home, which is to be made available to them as soon as practically possible, the Respondent be ordered to continue payment of the following expenses:

13.1 the bond instalments in respect of the common home;

13.2 the water and lights, rates and taxes in respect of the common home;

13.3 the householders’ and house owner’s insurance in respect of the common home;

13.4 50% of the costs of the domestic worker in the employ at the common home;

13.5 the Wi-Fi at the common home and provide Applicant with unfettered access thereto;

13.6 that the Respondent will not interfere with and grant Applicant unfettered access in respect of the geyser at the common home.

14. That the Respondent is ordered to contribute an amount of R 40 000.00 towards the Applicant’s legal fees which amount is payable in equal instalments of R 10 000.00 per month. The first payment being due and payable on or before the first day of the month following date of this order into an account so nominated by the Applicant.

15. The cost of the application is cost in the divorce action.

L RETIEF

Judge of the High Court

Gauteng Division, Pretoria

Date of Hearing: 13 May 2024

Reasons delivered: 21 May 2024

APPEARANCES

For the Applicant: Adv N Van Niekerk Cell: 082 789 7702 Attorney for Applicant: Charl Lochner Attorneys, Pretoria Tel: 082 378 7703 / 076 682 0792 Email: litigation@charllochner.co.za For the Respondent: Adv L D Isparta Cell: 0810425295 Email: louise.isparta@saadvocate.co.za Attorneys for the Respondent: VFV Attorneys, Pretoria Tel: 012 460 8704 Cell: 082 578 4666 / 072 648 3592 Email: hein@vfv.co.za / nicola@vfv.co.za

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Authorities

Authorities used by the court

Cases, legislation, regulations, and constitutional provisions identified in the available record.

MB v NB 2010 (3) SA 220 (GSJ)

Case cited

Constitution of South Africa, section 28

Legislation

Legislation referenced in the available case record.

Children's Act 38 of 2005

Legislation

Legislation referenced in the available case record.

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