South Africa Judgment

North Gauteng High Court, Pretoria

Lodewyks and Another v Sheriff: Boksburg and Another (38340/2016) [2017] ZAGPPHC 1304 (8 December 2017)

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Source document

01

Holding and result

The court found that the Second Applicant lacked standing to bring the application as he was not the owner of the property but merely an occupant. The relief granted in the rule nisi was vague and overbroad, and the initial factual basis for granting the rule was incorrect, as the First Applicant had been properly served and had entered a notice of intention to defend. Most importantly, the applications to set aside the summary judgment order, which formed the basis for the interim relief, had already been dismissed as irregular steps. As a result, the rationale for the rule nisi had fallen away, and it no longer served any legitimate purpose other than to frustrate a lawful process. The rule nisi was accordingly discharged and the application dismissed with costs.

Court disposition

The rule nisi is discharged and the application is dismissed with costs.

Orders

  • The rule nisi issued on 28 October 2016 is discharged.
  • The application is dismissed with costs.

02

Material facts

Parties

Jan Lodewyks

Applicant

Jan Hendrik van Niekerk

Applicant

The Sheriff: Boksburg

Respondent

First Rand Bank Limited

Respondent Counsel: J Minnaar

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Urgent Application / Return Date for Rule Nisi; Confirmation or Discharge of Interim Order

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
The Second Applicant, appearing in person, sought confirmation of the rule nisi suspending the sale in execution of the property, arguing that the sale should not proceed due to pending applications to set aside the summary judgment order. He raised concerns about his ability to follow proceedings due to a hearing problem but did not advance substantive legal grounds beyond the existence of the pending applications.
Respondent
The Second Respondent, represented by Mr Minnaar, argued that the Second Applicant lacked standing as he was merely an occupant and not the owner of the property. The relief sought was vague and overbroad. The initial motivation for the rule nisi was based on incorrect facts, as the First Applicant had been properly served and had entered an intention to defend. Furthermore, the applications to set aside the summary judgment had already been dismissed as irregular, rendering the rule nisi purposeless.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Common law; see Ganes and Another v Telecom Namibia Ltd 2004 (3) SA 615 (SCA)

    A party must have locus standi to bring an application; mere occupation does not confer standing to resist sale in execution.

  2. 02

    National Treasury v Opposition to Urban Tolling Alliance 2012 (6) SA 223 (CC)

    Interim relief must be clear, competent, and serve a legitimate purpose; vague or overbroad orders are not sustainable.

  3. 03

    South African Broadcasting Corporation Ltd v National Director of Public Prosecutions 2007 (1) SA 523 (CC)

    Where the underlying basis for interim relief falls away, the interim order must be discharged.

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The court found that the Second Applicant lacked standing to bring the application as he was not the owner of the property but merely an occupant. The relief granted in the rule nisi was vague and overbroad, and the initial factual basis for granting the rule was incorrect, as the First Applicant had been properly served and had entered a notice of intention to defend. Most importantly, the applications to set aside the summary judgment order, which formed the basis for the interim relief, had already been dismissed as irregular steps. As a result, the rationale for the rule nisi had fallen away, and it no longer served any legitimate purpose other than to frustrate a lawful process. The rule nisi was accordingly discharged and the application dismissed with costs.

Obiter and limits

  • The court commended Mr Minnaar for his professional conduct in ensuring fairness toward the self-represented Second Applicant, reflecting the best traditions of the legal profession.
  • The court took care to ensure that the Second Applicant, despite his hearing difficulties and lack of legal representation, understood the proceedings and was able to present his case.

Court disposition

The rule nisi is discharged and the application is dismissed with costs.

  • The rule nisi issued on 28 October 2016 is discharged.
  • The application is dismissed with costs.

Source and reliance status

North Gauteng High Court, Pretoria

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Judgment reading view

Judgment text

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Source document

North Gauteng High Court, Pretoria

Judgment

[2017] ZAGPPHC 1304

REPUBLIC

OF SOUTH AFRICA

IN

THE HIGH COURT OF SOUTH AFRICA

GAUTENG DIVISION, PRETORIA

CASE NO: 38340/2016

In' the matter between

JAN

LODEWYKS

First Applicant

JAN

HENDRIK VAN

NIEKERK

Second Applicant

and

THE SHERIFF: BOKSBURG

First Respondent

FIRST

RAND BANK

LIMITED

Second Respondent

JUDGMENT

BRAND, AJ

[1] This matter concerns the return date for a rule nisi, granted by my brother Mabuse on an unopposed basis on 28 October 2016 under case number 84446/2016 in sum for the suspension of a sale in execution of a property that is the primary residence of the Applicants.

[2] The Second Respondent, still unaware of the order of suspension, proceeded with the sale in execution of the property and in fact bought the property at the sale. Having become aware of the order of 28 October 2016, the Second Respondent saw to it that transfer of the property be placed on hold until the rule nisi is either confirmed or discharged, as the case may be.

[3] The rule nisi ahs since then had what can only be described asa chequered history: anticipated by the Second respondent and set down on the urgent roll for 22 November 2016, it was first stood down until 23 November and then postponed on the urgent roll to 6 December 2016. On 6 December 2016 the rule was extended by agreement until 16 January 2017. On 16 January the rule was further extended to the

opposed roll on 27 March 2017. On that day it was finally extended to the date of hearing before me.

[4] What is before me is whether the rule nisi should now be confirmed or discharged.

[5] At the hearing of this matter the First Applicant, who was previously represented by counsel, failed to appear. The Second Applicant appeared in person and represented himself. The Second Respondent was represented by Mr Minnaar.

[6] Aware of the peri_ls inherent in self-representation by a layman (complicated in this instance by the fact that the Second Applicant complained of a hearing problem, so that he had difficulty in following submissions by Mr Minnaar and remarks and questions from the bench) this court took care to ensure that the Second Respondent properly understood the nature of proceedings for the day and was able properly to present his case. In this, it must be placed on record, the court was ably assisted by Mr Minnaar, who, while properly presenting the case on behalf of the Second Respondent, went out of his way to ensure fairness toward the Second Applicant. For this conduct, which is in the best tradition of his profession, Mr Minaar is commended.

[7] That said, and without any further ado, having heard the Second Applicant on his own behalf and Mr Minnaar on behalf of the Second Respondent and having read the papers I have come to the conclusion that the rule nisi should be discharged and the underlying application dismissed.

[8] Mr Minaar advanced a numbber of formaal reasons why the rule should be discharged, including that:

[8.1] the Second Applicant in fact has no standing to bring this application and move it in court, as he is not the owner of the

property in question, but simply an occupant. His remedy lies not in resisting sale in execution of the property (that is the owner's

place), but in resisting any attempt by new owners of the property to evict him and other occupants of the house once it has been sold;

[8.2] the relief granted in terms of the rule nisi is in fact not competent, being too vague and far-reaching; and

[8.3] the basic motivation for the intial granting of the rule, being that the First Applicant herein was not 'invited to' and so was not present at the summary judgment proceedings at which the order for sale in execution at which the rule nisi is aimed has since turned out to be untrue, as the application for summary judgment and notice of set dwon were both served personally on the First Applicant and he entered notice of intention to defend.

[9] All three these grounds on their own would have been sufficient to discharge the rule nisi. However, it is a fourth ground for so doing, which emerged on the day of hearing that in fact is the main reason for my conclusion.

[10] The rule nisi in effect suspending the sale in execution of the property was granted in order to afford the Applicants the opportunity to prosecute and conclude two applications they had brought to have the order for sale in execution granted under summary judgment set aside.

[11] These two applications were challenged by the Second Respondent as irregular steps. They have since been set aside as such by my sister Fourie, a month before the hearing of this matter before me.

[12] In that light the raison d'etre for the rule nisi has fallen away and it no longer serves any purpose, other than to frustrate a lawful process.

[13] Accordingly I order as follows:

1. The rule nisi issued on 28 October 2016 is discharged.

2. The application is dismissed with costs.

JFD Brand

Acting Judge of the High Court

Appearances:

For the Second Applicant: Self-represented

For the Second Respondent: Mr J Minnaar

Instructed by Hammond Pole Majola Inc

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Authorities

Authorities used by the court

Cases, legislation, regulations, and constitutional provisions identified in the available record.

Ganes and Another v Telecom Namibia Ltd 2004 (3) SA 615 (SCA)

Case cited

National Treasury v Opposition to Urban Tolling Alliance 2012 (6) SA 223 (CC)

Case cited

South African Broadcasting Corporation Ltd v National Director of Public Prosecutions 2007 (1) SA 523 (CC)

Case cited

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