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South Africa Judgment

Eastern Cape High Court, Bhisho

Mayedwa v S (CC7/2019) [2021] ZAECBHC 12 (10 August 2021)

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Professional case brief

Research organized from the available case record

Source document

01

Holding and result

The court found that there were no reasonable prospects of success on appeal against the conviction, as the contradictions in the evidence were non-material and the primary witnesses' accounts were reliable and corroborated. However, regarding sentence, the court acknowledged that it may have failed to adequately consider the applicant's reduced moral blameworthiness due to intoxication, his age, and clean record. These factors, when considered cumulatively, could constitute substantial and compelling circumstances that may justify a lesser sentence than life imprisonment. Therefore, leave to appeal was granted only in respect of the sentence.

Court disposition

Leave to appeal against sentence granted; leave to appeal against conviction refused.

Orders

  • The applicant is granted leave to the Full Bench of this court to appeal against the sentence of life imprisonment imposed upon him by this court on 20 January 2021.

02

Material facts

Parties

Xola Mayedwa

Applicant Counsel: Ms. Mtini

The State

Respondent Counsel: Ms Jodwana-Blayi

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Leave to Appeal / Application for Leave to Appeal Against Conviction and Sentence

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
The applicant contended that the court erred in finding guilt beyond reasonable doubt, ignored crucial contradictions, and relied on the evidence of the children's grandmother, which was alleged to be unreliable. The applicant also argued that the court failed to properly consider mitigating factors, particularly his state of intoxication, age, and clean record, which should have reduced his moral blameworthiness and rendered the sentence of life imprisonment inappropriate.
Respondent
The respondent did not oppose the condonation for late filing but opposed the application for leave to appeal, relying on the arguments set out in the notice to appeal. The respondent maintained that the contradictions in the evidence were non-material and that the conviction was properly supported by reliable firsthand accounts and corroborating sources. The respondent argued that the sentence was appropriate given the circumstances.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    S v Chabalala 2003 (1) SACR 134 (SCA)

    Contradictions in witness testimony must be material to affect the reliability of the evidence.

  2. 02

    Criminal Law Amendment Act 105 of 1997

    Mitigating factors such as intoxication, age, and a clean record may cumulatively constitute substantial and compelling circumstances justifying deviation from prescribed minimum sentences.

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The court found that there were no reasonable prospects of success on appeal against the conviction, as the contradictions in the evidence were non-material and the primary witnesses' accounts were reliable and corroborated. However, regarding sentence, the court acknowledged that it may have failed to adequately consider the applicant's reduced moral blameworthiness due to intoxication, his age, and clean record. These factors, when considered cumulatively, could constitute substantial and compelling circumstances that may justify a lesser sentence than life imprisonment. Therefore, leave to appeal was granted only in respect of the sentence.

Obiter and limits

  • The court noted that the application for condonation of late filing was unopposed and granted.
  • The judgment was delivered electronically to the parties by email on the date of judgment.

Court disposition

Leave to appeal against sentence granted; leave to appeal against conviction refused.

  • The applicant is granted leave to the Full Bench of this court to appeal against the sentence of life imprisonment imposed upon him by this court on 20 January 2021.

Source and reliance status

Eastern Cape High Court, Bhisho

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Judgment reading view

Judgment text

The complete available source text.

Source document

Eastern Cape High Court, Bhisho

Judgment

[2021] ZAECBHC 12

NOT

REPORTABLE

IN

THE HIGH COURT OF SOUTH AFRICA

(EASTERN CAPE LOCAL DIVISION, BHISHO)

Case No. CC7/2019

In the matter between:

XOLA

MAYEDWA

Applicant

and

THE STATE

Respondent

JUDGMENT IN

RESPECT OF APPLICATION FOR LEAVE TO APPEAL

HARTLE J

[1] The applicant seeks leave to appeal against both his conviction and sentence.

[2] At the outset I granted a request to condone the late filing of the application as it was evident even at the time I handed down sentence that the applicant was not satisfied that he had been fairly convicted. Ms. Jodwana-Blayi for the state did not oppose the application.

[3] The grounds of the application and the basis upon which the state opposes the application are set out fully in the notice of motion and notice to appeal respectively. I do not intend to repeat those arguments.

[4] In a nutshell it was contended on the applicant’s behalf that I erred in finding that his guilt had been proven beyond reasonable doubt and that I ignored crucial contradictions and placed dependence on the evidence of one of the children’s grandmother whereas her evidence was neither reliable nor satisfactory. However, I dealt with these contradictions in my judgment and especially remarked that they were non-material. I did not focus especially on the tenor of the grandmother’s evidence, but a review of her evidence confirms in my view that any shortcomings in her account do not detract from the reliable firsthand accounts of the primary witnesses whose testimony conformed to what I called the “essential narrative”. Their evidence further make sense, was entirely probable, and corroboration was to be found in the seven sources I highlight in my judgment.

[5] I am accordingly satisfied that there are no reasonable prospects of success on appeal against the conviction.

[6] As for sentence, however, although not raised as a direct ground but one which concerns itself with the argument that I erred in finding that cumulatively the factors which were placed before me in mitigation did not constitute substantial and compelling circumstances, it appears that I perhaps failed to consider the reduced moral blameworthiness of the applicant on account of his state of intoxication. Each of the girls confirmed in their testimony that the applicant was drunk, even on the following day.

[7] I cannot therefore ignore the prospect that another court may well find that this factor, coupled with the applicant’s age and his clean record cumulatively mitigate for him, thus rendering the sentence of life imprisonment inappropriate.

[8] In the result I issue the following order:

1. The applicant is granted leave to the Full Bench of this court to appeal against the sentence of life imprisonment imposed upon him by this court on 20 January 2021.

B

HARTLE

JUDGE

OF THE HIGH COURT

DATE OF HEARING: 22 July 2021

DATE OF JUDGMENT: 10 August 2021*

*Judgement delivered electronically to the parties by email on this date.

APPEARANCES:

For the applicant: Ms. Mtini of Legal Aid, King William’s Town.

For the respondent: Ms Jodwana-Blayi of the Director of Public Prosecutions, Bhisho. .

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Authorities

Authorities used by the court

Cases, legislation, regulations, and constitutional provisions identified in the available record.

S v Chabalala 2003 (1) SACR 134 (SCA)

Case cited

Criminal Law Amendment Act 105 of 1997

Legislation

Legislation referenced in the available case record.

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