Omar and Another v Minister of Safety and Security and Others (24868/2006) [2014] ZAGPPHC 325 (30 May 2014)
- Citation
- [2014] ZAGPPHC 325
- Status
- Judgment
- Jurisdiction
- South Africa
- Court
- North Gauteng High Court, Pretoria
- Panel
- Hiemstra
- Case number
- 24868/2006
More details
- Court
- North Gauteng High Court, Pretoria
- Panel
- Hiemstra
- Case number
- 24868/2006
On this page
Professional case brief
Research organized from the available case record
01
Holding and result
The application for variation of the previous court order is dismissed. The applicants failed to meet the jurisdictional requirements for variation under Rule 42, as they did not address whether the order was erroneously sought, contained an ambiguity, or was granted due to a common mistake. The application was brought nearly seven years after the original order, contrary to the principle that such applications should be made expeditiously. The applicants should have foreseen a dispute of fact regarding the value of the goods and proceeded by way of action or sought referral to oral evidence at an earlier stage. The court cannot award damages on affidavit where the value is contested. Allegations of fraud by the respondents' attorney are not determinable on the papers and, even if accepted, do not justify the relief sought due to the applicants' procedural failures.
Court disposition
Application dismissed with costs.
Orders
- The application is dismissed with costs.
02
Material facts
Parties
S.C. Omar
Applicant Counsel: Attorney Zehir OmarSuperspeed CC
Applicant Counsel: Attorney Zehir OmarMinister of Safety and Security
Respondent Counsel: Adv. P.J.J. De Jager SCDirector of Public Prosecutions
Respondent Counsel: Adv. P.J.J. De Jager SCInspector Skip van der Merwe
Respondent Counsel: Adv. H.P. Joubert03
Procedural history
Posture
Variation Application / Application for Variation of Previous Court Order
04
Questions and positions
Legal issues
- 01
Whether the applicants are entitled to a variation of the previous court order to allow for oral evidence on the value of goods not returned.
- 02
Whether the respondents are in contempt of the previous court order for failing to return the goods.
- 03
Whether damages can be awarded on affidavit where the value of goods is disputed.
- 04
Whether the requirements for variation under Rule 42 are met.
Party arguments
- Applicant
- The applicants contend that the respondents failed to comply with the court order to return seized goods, and seek a variation of the order to allow for oral evidence to determine the value of the goods. They allege that the respondents' attorney committed fraud by misleading the court into believing the goods were available for return, and argue that damages should be awarded for goods not returned, with interest from the date of seizure.
- Respondent
- The respondents maintain that, except for the diamonds and ammunition, they are no longer in possession of the goods, having lawfully returned them to persons who identified themselves as owners. They deny any fraud, asserting that their attorney acted in good faith and that any error was bona fide. They argue that damages cannot be awarded on affidavit and that the requirements for variation under Rule 42 are not met.
05
Court’s reasoning
Legal principles
- 01
Di Meo v Capri Restaurant 1961 (4) SA 614 (N)
An application for referral to oral evidence should be made at the earliest possible time and not after the matter has already been argued.
- 02
R Bakers (Pty) Ltd v Ruto Bakeries (Pty) Ltd 1948 (2) SA 626 (T); Room Hire Co (Pty) Ltd v Jeppe Street Mansions (Pty) Ltd 1949 (3) SA 1155 (T)
An applicant who initiates proceedings by way of motion when a dispute of fact is foreseeable does so at his own risk.
- 03
Uniform Rule 42
The jurisdictional requirements for variation under Rule 42 are: the order must have been erroneously sought or granted in absence of a party, must contain an ambiguity or patent error or omission, or must have been granted as a result of a mistake common to the parties.
- 04
Promedia Drukkers & Uitgewers (Edms) Bpk v Kaimovitz 1996 (4) SA 411 (C); Roopnarain v Kamalapathy 1971 (3) SA 387 (O)
The power to vary or rescind orders is intended to correct expeditiously an obviously wrong judgment or order.
- 05
Rowe v Rowe [1997] ZASCA 54; 1997 (4) SA 160
An order may be varied if it was granted as a result of fraud.
06
Ratio, limits and disposition
Ratio decidendi
The application for variation of the previous court order is dismissed. The applicants failed to meet the jurisdictional requirements for variation under Rule 42, as they did not address whether the order was erroneously sought, contained an ambiguity, or was granted due to a common mistake. The application was brought nearly seven years after the original order, contrary to the principle that such applications should be made expeditiously. The applicants should have foreseen a dispute of fact regarding the value of the goods and proceeded by way of action or sought referral to oral evidence at an earlier stage. The court cannot award damages on affidavit where the value is contested. Allegations of fraud by the respondents' attorney are not determinable on the papers and, even if accepted, do not justify the relief sought due to the applicants' procedural failures.
Obiter and limits
- The respondents' conduct in failing to return goods and their attorney's agreement to the settlement, despite inability to comply, is not condoned.
- The applicants are solely responsible for their refusal or failure to follow correct procedures, regardless of any alleged fraud.
Court disposition
Application dismissed with costs.
- The application is dismissed with costs.
Source and reliance status
North Gauteng High Court, Pretoria
This page organises the available record for research. Confirm quotations, current status, and subsequent treatment against the official source before relying on the case.
Judgment reading view
Judgment text
The complete available source text.
North Gauteng High Court, Pretoria
Judgment
REPUBLIC
OF SOUTH AFRICA
IN
THE HIGH COURT OF SOUTH AFRICA
(NORTH GAUTENG, PRETORIA)
Case number: 24868/2006
Date: 30 May 2014
Not reportable
Not of interest to other judges
In the matter between:
S.C.
OMAR ….......................................................................................................
FIRST APPLICANT
SUPERSPEED CC............................................................................................SECOND
APPLICANT
and
MINISTER OF SAFETY AND SECURITY ….............................................
FIRST RESPONDENT
DIRECTOR
OF PUBLIC PROSECUTIONS............................................SECOND
RESPONDENT
INSPECTOR
SKIP VAN DER MERWE.......................................................THIRD
RESPONDENT
JUDGMENT
H1EMSTRA AJ
[1] On 16 November 2004 the third respondent, an Inspector in the South African Police Service (SAPS), and other police officers seized certain items in accordance with the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Act, 51 of 1977 (CPA). The seizure followed an investigation into an alleged hijacking of trucks used for the transportation of goods. The volume of the goods was so large that the SAPS could not store them. Some of the goods were then returned to persons who had identified themselves as the owners of the goods and others were retained by the SAPS. Criminal charges were later withdrawn as the docket went missing.
[2] The applicants claim that they are the rightful owners of the goods and brought an application under the above case number for the return of the goods. The matter was settled on 19 June 2007 and this Court per Van der Merwe J, as he then was, made the settlement agreement an order of court. In terms of the settlement agreement the first and/or the third respondent were ordered to place the first applicant in possession the items listed in the agreement within 48 hours of the date of the order.
[3] Following the order, the third respondent returned some of the goods to the applicants. As I have said, other items were handed to persons who had identified themselves as the owners. The respondents purported to have done so in accordance with s 30 of the CPA[1]. The third respondent also retained four diamonds[2] and ammunition which he claims he was not permitted to hand over to anyone who is not licenced to possess them.
[4] The first and third respondents did not fully comply with the settlement agreement. They maintained that save for the “diamonds” and ammunition they were no longer in possession thereof. The applicants then applied to this court under the above case number for an order for variation of the order of Van der Merwe J by adding a prayer to the effect that in the event of the first and third respondents not not returning the goods that they be ordered to pay certain amounts to the applicants, and further that the first and third respondents be held in contempt of the order of van der Merwe J. The matter came before Ismail J. His ex tempore
judgment is attached to the application. However, it is not clear exactly what his order was. It states that an order is granted
“In terms of the document marked ‘Jasmine’. No such document is before court.
[5] Whatever the exact order was, the applicants appealed to a full bench of this court. The court of appeal, per Victor J, held that an order to return the goods would be a brutum fulmen as the goods had been disposed of and were incapable of being returned. The court then examined whether it could award damages on application where the value of the goods was contested. The court referred to ample authority to the effect that it is impermissible to award damages on affidavit and dismissed the appeal.
[6] The applicants now again apply for a variation of the order made by van der Merwe J by adding the following:
“1. In the event of the 1st and 3rd Respondents not returning the goods as contemplated in orders (1) - (3) above within 30 days of this order, then this matter is hereby referred to oral evidence to establish the value of the goods, referred to in (1) to (3) above.
Upon this Honourable Court determining the value of the goods mentioned in (1) - (3) above, the 1st and 3rd Respondents will be liable jointly and severally, the one paying, the other to be absolved, to pay the Applicants the amounts so established , with interest thereon at the rate of 15,5% per annum from 16 November 2004”
[7] The first observation to be made is that this application for variation is made nearly seven years after the granting of the order. It was held in Di Meo v Capri Restaurant[3] that an application for a referral to viva-voce evidence should be made at the earliest possible time and should not be allowed at a time when the matter has already been argued and the applicants at that time realise that they have taken the wrong avenue.
[8] It is trite law that an applicant, who initiates proceedings by way of motion when he should foresee that a dispute of fact must inevitably arise, does so at his peril[4]. The applicants should have known that the value of the goods was not common cause and should from the outset have instituted action, or should have, at the latest, applied for the question of the value of the goods for oral evidence when the matter came before Ismael J.
[9] The applicants have in any event made out no case for the variation of the order. In terms of Rule 42 of the Rules of this court, the jurisdictional requirements for such an order are:
(a) the order or judgment must have been erroneously sought or granted in the absence of any party affected thereby;
(b) the order or judgment must contain an ambiguity or patent error or omission; or
(c) the order or judgment must have been granted as a result of a mistake common to the parties.
The applicants made no attempt to address these requirements.
[10] Moreover, the purpose of the power of this court to vary or rescind its own orders or judgments is to correct expeditiously an obviously wrong judgment or order. [5] As I have said, the order sought to be varied was issued nearly seven years ago.
[11] Mr Omar, appearing for the applicants, argued vigorously that the attorney for the respondents had committed fraud when he entered into the settlement agreement which van der Merwe J had made an order of court. He had, so goes the argument, misled the court into believing that the goods were available to be returned. Relying on Rowe v Rowe[6], he argued that the order therefore stands to be varied. This decision is indeed authority for his proposition that an order may be varied when it had been granted as a result of fraud. The respondents deny that their attorney had committed fraud and contend that he had made a bona fide mistake. It is not possible on the papers to decide whether the attorney had deliberately misled the court. However, even if I find that he did, it is no longer relevant. The applicants are solely to blame for their refusal or failure to follow the correct procedures.
[12] By not granting the order sought I do not purport to condone the behaviour of the respondents. They have strung the applicants along for years by not returning whatever they could when it became clear that criminal proceedings would not be pursued. Moreover, their attorney should not have agreed to the settlement agreement while it was not possible to comply with it, whether he did so deliberately of negligently.
Therefore, I make the following order
The application is therefore dismissed with costs.
J.
HIEMSTRA
ACTING
JUDGE OF THE HIGH COURT
Date heard: 26 May 2014
Date of judgment: 30 May 2014
Counsel for the applicants: Attorney Zehir Omar
P.O. Box 2545
Springs 1559
Tel: 011 815 1720
Fax: 011 362 5588
Counsel for the Respondents: Adv. P.J.J. De Jager SC
Adv. H.P. Joubert
Attorney for the Respondents: The State Attorney
Private Bag X91 Pretoria 0001
Tel.: 012 309 1566
Fax: 012 309 1649/50
Ref.: Mr J.J. le Rou
[1] The return of the goods to the alleged owners was unlawful in terms of s 30. It could only have been done with the consent of the persons from whom the goods were seized and the alleged owners should have been warned to retain the items for production in any resultant criminal proceedings.
[2] The respondents claim that they are not diamonds, but cubic zirconium. Ismael J seems to have accepted in a judgment referred to later in the course of this judgment that they were cubic zirconium. Nothing turns on this factual dispute.
[3] 1961 (4) SA614 (N)
[4] R Bakers (Pty) Ltd v Ruto Bakeries (Pty) Lid 1948 (2) SA 626 (T); Room Hire Co (Pty) Ltd v Jeppe Street Mansions (Pty) Ltd 1949 (3) S/A 1155 (T)
[5] Promedia Drukkers & Uitgewers (Edms) Bpk v Kaimovitz 1996 (4) SA 411 (C) at 421G; Roopnarain v Kamalapathy 1971 (3) SA 387 (O)
[6] [1997] ZASCA 54; 1997 (4) SA 160
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