S v Selote (295/2005) [2005] ZANCHC 67 (2 December 2005)
- Citation
- [2005] ZANCHC 67
- Status
- Judgment
- Jurisdiction
- South Africa
- Court
- Northern Cape High Court, Kimberley
- Panel
- Williams, Musi
- Case number
- 295/2005
More details
- Court
- Northern Cape High Court, Kimberley
- Panel
- Williams, Musi
- Case number
- 295/2005
On this page
Professional case brief
Research organized from the available case record
01
Holding and result
The court held that section 262(3) of the Criminal Procedure Act applies to incomplete offences such as attempted housebreaking with intent to commit an unknown crime. This section only permits a conviction for malicious injury to property if the evidence supports such a finding. In this case, the accused pleaded guilty to attempted housebreaking with intent to steal, but was convicted as charged for attempted housebreaking with intent to commit an unknown crime. There was no evidence of property damage, nor any basis for a conviction for malicious injury to property. Therefore, the conviction and sentence must be set aside as the requirements of section 262(3) were not met.
Court disposition
Conviction and sentence set aside.
Orders
- The conviction and sentence are set aside.
02
Material facts
Parties
The State
ApplicantOlebogeng Selote
Respondent03
Procedural history
Posture
Criminal Review / Special Review
04
Questions and positions
Legal issues
- 01
Whether the conviction and sentence for attempted housebreaking with intent to commit an unknown crime were correct under the circumstances.
- 02
Whether the accused could be convicted of attempted housebreaking with intent to steal when the charge was for intent to commit an unknown crime.
- 03
Whether section 262(3) of the Criminal Procedure Act permits a conviction for any proven intent other than malicious injury to property in cases of attempted housebreaking with intent to commit an unknown crime.
- 04
Whether there was evidence of malicious injury to property.
Party arguments
- Applicant
- The magistrate requested that the conviction and sentence be set aside on special review, arguing that the accused pleaded guilty to attempted housebreaking with intent to steal, but was convicted as charged for attempted housebreaking with intent to commit an unknown crime. The magistrate contended that section 262(3) of the Criminal Procedure Act does not permit a conviction for any proven intent other than malicious injury to property in such cases, and there was no evidence of property damage.
- Respondent
- The accused, represented by counsel, pleaded guilty in writing to attempted housebreaking with intent to steal. There was no evidence presented that any damage was caused to the complainant's property, nor was there evidence supporting a conviction for malicious injury to property. The accused admitted only to standing outside while a friend broke in.
05
Court’s reasoning
Legal principles
- 01
Criminal Procedure Act 51 of 1977, section 262(2)
Section 262(2) of the Criminal Procedure Act allows conviction for the proven crime if the accused is charged with housebreaking with intent to commit an unknown crime and the intent to steal is proven.
- 02
Criminal Procedure Act 51 of 1977, section 262(3)
Section 262(3) applies to incomplete offences and only permits conviction for malicious injury to property if evidence supports it; it does not allow conviction for other proven intents.
- 03
Snyman, Criminal Law, 4th edition, p. 552
Malicious injury to property requires evidence that the owner's property was damaged, resulting in cost, labour, or effort to restore it to its original condition.
- 04
S v Kesolofetse and another 2004(2) SACR 166 (NCD)
In the absence of evidence of property damage, a conviction for malicious injury to property cannot be sustained.
06
Ratio, limits and disposition
Ratio decidendi
The court held that section 262(3) of the Criminal Procedure Act applies to incomplete offences such as attempted housebreaking with intent to commit an unknown crime. This section only permits a conviction for malicious injury to property if the evidence supports such a finding. In this case, the accused pleaded guilty to attempted housebreaking with intent to steal, but was convicted as charged for attempted housebreaking with intent to commit an unknown crime. There was no evidence of property damage, nor any basis for a conviction for malicious injury to property. Therefore, the conviction and sentence must be set aside as the requirements of section 262(3) were not met.
Obiter and limits
- The absence of evidence of damage to the complainant's property precludes a conviction for malicious injury to property.
- A guilty plea to attempted housebreaking with intent to steal does not justify conviction for attempted housebreaking with intent to commit an unknown crime unless the proven intent matches the charge.
Court disposition
Conviction and sentence set aside.
- The conviction and sentence are set aside.
Source and reliance status
Northern Cape High Court, Kimberley
This page organises the available record for research. Confirm quotations, current status, and subsequent treatment against the official source before relying on the case.
Judgment reading view
Judgment text
The complete available source text.
Northern Cape High Court, Kimberley
Judgment
IN DIE HOOGGEREGSHOF VAN SUID-AFRIKA
(NOORD-KAAPSE AFDELING)
KIMBERLEY
SAAK NO.:295/2005
DATUM:02-12-2005
In die Hersieningsuitspraak van:
DIE
STAAT
teen
OLEBOGENG
SELOTE
CORAM: WILLIAMS R et MUSI R
U
I T S P R A A K
WILLIAMS R:
1. Die beskuldigde in hierdie saak het in die Landdroshof te Kimberley tereg gestaan op ân aanklag van poging tot huisbraak met die opset om ân misdaad aan die aanklaer onbekend te pleeg.
2. Die beskuldigde, wat regsverteenwoordig was, het ân skriftelike pleit van skuldig aan die verhoorhof voorgehou waarin hy erken het dat hy skuldig is aan die misdryf van poging tot huisbraak met die opset om te steel. Die landdros het hom egter skuldig bevind soos aangekla en gevonnis tot ses maande gevangenisstraf wat vir vyf jaar opgeskort is onderhewig aan sekere voorwaardes.
3. Die landdros versoek nou dat skuldigbevinding en vonnis op spesiale hersiening ter syde gestel word.
4. Ek is dit eens met die landdros dat hierdie die enigste bevel is wat gemaak kan word onder die omstandighede.
5. Indien die beskuldigde aangekla was van huisbraak met die opset om ân aan die aanklaer onbekende misdryf te pleeg en sy skuldig pleit die opset om te steel bewys het, sou hy skuldig bevind kon word aan die bewese misdryf in terme van artikel 262(2) van die Strafposeswet 51 van 1977. Sien onder andere S v Kesolofetse and another 2004(2) SACR 166(NCD).
6. Artikel 262(3) van die Wet is egter van toepassing op die huidige onvoltooide misdryf, poging tot huisbraak met die opset om ân aan die aanklaer onbekende misdryf te pleeg en hierdie subartikel maak nie voorsiening vir ân skuldigbevinding ten opsigte van enige ander bewese opset nie behalwe opsetlike saakbeskadiging.
7. Artikel 262(3) lees as volg:
âIndien die getuienis op ân aanklag weens poging tot huisbraak met die opset om ân in die aanklag vermelde misdryf te pleeg, of poging tot huisbraak met die opset om ân aan die aanklaer onbekende misdryf te pleeg, hetsy die aanklag ingevolge ân wet of die gemene reg gestel word, nie die misdryf poging tot huisbraak met die opset om die aldus vermelde misdryf te pleeg, of poging tot huisbraak met die opset om ân aan die aanklaer onbekende misdryf te pleeg, bewys nie, maar die misdryf opsetlike saakbeskadiging, kan die beskuldigde aan die aldus bewese misdryf skuldig bevind word.â
8. Behalwe dat die beskuldigde in sy skuldigpleit meld dat hy buite gestaan het terwyl âeen van my vriende ingebreek hetâ, is daar geen getuienis dat daar enige skade aan die klaer se eiendom aangerig is nie. Snyman in sy boek Strafreg, vierde uitgawe bl. 552 omskryf die begrip âbeskadigingâ in die konteks van die misdryf opsetlike saakbeskadiging as â . . .as daar op so ân manier met die saak gepeuter is dat dit die eienaar geld, arbeid of moeite sal kos om dit weer te herstel tot sy oorspronklike vorm.â
In die afwesigheid van enige sodanige getuienis word die volgende bevel gemaak.
Die skuldigbevinding en vonnis word tersyde gestel.
______
C.C
WILLIAMS
REGTER
Ek stem saam.
C.J MUSI
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