Volkskas Bank Bpk. v Bonitas Medical Aid Fund (716/1991) [1993] ZASCA 68; 1993 (3) SA 779 (AD); [1993] 2 All SA 421 (A) (24 May 1993)

Volkskas Bank Bpk. v Bonitas Medical Aid Fund (716/1991) [1993] ZASCA 68; 1993 (3) SA 779 (AD); [1993] 2 All SA 421 (A) (24 May 1993)

The Supreme Court of Appeal held that the appellant bank was delictually liable to the respondent for negligently crediting the proceeds of a non-transferable cheque to Eurotrust's account, contrary to the drawer's clear instructions. The bank's employees failed to observe the restrictive crossing and the named...

Source-derived case information.

Citation
[1993] ZASCA 68
Parties
Appellant: Volkskas Bank Beperk; Respondent: Bonitas Medical Aid Fund
Court
Supreme Court of Appeal
Jurisdiction
South Africa
Judgment Date
24 May 1993
Case Number
716/1991
Procedural Posture
Civil Appeal / Final Appeal
Outcome
Appeal dismissed with costs, including costs of two counsel.
Judges
Botha, Van Heerden, Goldstone, Nicholas, Kriegler
Legal Topics
Collecting Bank Liability, Non Transferable Cheque, Negligence, Estoppel, Ratification, Contributory Negligence
Banking and Finance Delict Collecting Bank Liability Non Transferable Cheque Negligence Estoppel Ratification Contributory Negligence

Source-derived case record

Summary, issues, holding and outcome

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Parties

Volkskas Bank Beperk

Appellant

Bonitas Medical Aid Fund

Respondent

Procedural Posture

Civil Appeal / Final Appeal

  1. 1 Whether the collecting bank is delictually liable to the true owner of a non-transferable cheque for crediting the proceeds to a third party's account contrary to the drawer's instructions.
  2. 2 Whether the conduct of the bank's employees amounted to negligence or intentional wrongdoing.
  3. 3 Whether the respondent contributed to its own loss through the actions of its agent.

Ratio Decidendi

The Supreme Court of Appeal held that the appellant bank was delictually liable to the respondent for negligently crediting the proceeds of a non-transferable cheque to Eurotrust's account, contrary to the drawer's clear instructions. The bank's employees failed to observe the restrictive crossing and the named payee, and did not make reasonable inquiries as required by their duty of care. The respondent's authorized signatories took all reasonable steps to ensure the cheque was non-transferable and payable only to the appellant. The actions of Coetzee, who handed the cheque to Adams, were unauthorized and could not be attributed to the respondent. Ratification and estoppel did not apply,...

Court Disposition

Appeal dismissed with costs, including costs of two counsel.

Orders

  • The appeal is dismissed with costs, including those of two advocates.