19910919 TZHC Dar es Salaam

THL J STRI•"'.'.'." co~::~T Ol<' ,;, •. 'lL .. 0Y0 l,T B.AGA;1:0YO :a.2?0RL: z.o.;,.o:;;::_...c;::-_;~s.". J_/:.iLGI::.:TRiiTE .1~r':AILA.:,.,:..::· ;•.iE_":... l.J.H 1,i.i.GO;.; 30 ••••• 11.?PEL.1.,Ll?: ( ORG. 11CCUS.11iD) THL RLPU BLIC .•••.•••••••••••• , H.1:,S..20.ND,t;:t;'.I' (ORIG. PROSBCDTOR) MSU,d, J: Appollant is curren~ly &orving a ~entance _f 15 yeaJ'S imprisonment meted t~ hi □ after ha was ~0nvictel Jf Atte~ptad hobbery c0ntrary to section 2G7 0f the Pbnal C~ue. T~~ 0ffence is alleged to haTe been co~mittud on 3ri Dece~bo~ 19~6 ~ut it ~as uptil 31st Jul: 1989 when appella~t wus f0rually ct~rge~ b8fJre the·~Jurt. The &vidence a~~u~o~ by th~ fros0cati~n sh~ws that ,·: the Material day compls.in..:..nt, w:1 7 is .:. i? :lie.: . : ff i-.-.'.'lr, :i,rnrsu~d the ar, ,_; llant and other pers.:.:ns wh;· 11JrJ ~UE>j,J.•:~-:;:::~. -:f r:b'tin.1 a .f Jreign c·· 1:·le whieh appellant st J}l.JOd an;_ ::loci fa .i t., c ,nfr ;nt his i.:;ursuer. : .. the course of the ensued strueele 3ppellant kick~1 tha c ,~pl~inant bnd tried.to snatch the gun fl·.:1..1 hii..J, HG ·,,,su; 1. .1/iJVGr 1 (lVJc.::Jwerod : y other policemen v.-;.'.) tit:.el,Y 1;.s;:rn :at:t t. "~'.18 r.:.h.rm raisG:1 by ,_ 'lt colilplainant. ~ ·t -· In fact ap~ellunt was i~~~~ilisoi bY baing s~~t ~n tha ltg• In his gh~rt afiir~~J tasti~~ny a~pallunt refut&~ th~ allegati_ 1. His version uf th.::: st....,ry is thL:Lt

.m ts·10 :iaJ in qu08ti ,n, w{1i1. frolicking about in the streuts h0 nnsi f1r no B?p&r~nt =~1s~n, st)p: ei by two armed p0licJ~sn including th~ c~ □ Jl&inant. ]e ~as t~ld tt~t he was un1er arrc8t anl wh~n hG resistcl they sh~t ~i~ 0n the leJ Ij; is not true, as asserted by tha C8GJ1·:in~nt, that ho attewgt~ to snatch the g"tn fr0""' hiii.i. .My br-:.. ther J1_.,_.!gc Wal-> ad..::,i tLJ thEJ alJpea: lini ted, correotly in my view, that b~,ne othor ttings, tho court iP ··o ~onsider whether the ingrc:J:b.rnts ..::f att0wr;te 1• r .'Jb8r.Y wGre' 2et,.'1lir.:h,.:;. SectLir1 287 ._:.f th.:s P_nc1.l (\,___ i b:::o , a0n ro,2uaLl by .l'•ct ~ t,.wber 10 ~f 19~9 &n:i re1,lb.c0:, b.Y a n8w •>Jcti~n C.J.ns.:..Jting .,f tw,, st.:. 1,:ections .. Susecti.,n (1) of tne ~1-..;cti~n ,? ..,J.c.1 cr~utes t ,1.. ..n'fence :.;f ..,.tt.t.tlted rJbbery )r:viies:- ••••• ,.12- 2 i2::.7-(1) 1 ,.i1J purs,r1 ·;;h:, assaults uny ,;,:>0rs,.m with in+, . rnt t · st21. c.njtl1ir£.1_ an::, at ·Jr i-u0iiat0ly bcfwr~ JT iuu8liately aftar the tL,J Jf aSSUUJ. t' us,as JT tnrec:. tene tv use o.Ct'IA.al viJlencu t) an/ ~ars 1n Jr prJparty in :xler tJ :.,btain t>::, thin~ i>:tan'lG'l t: be sblen-1· Jr t,J pr~vent :.:r Jverc·:)CO r,:isistanco t·, its being st?lon, is cuilty :fan offence, an! is liable to ioprisonment fJr a tar~ ;f nJt l0ss than seven years and not exceeding twent.Y years, with c:,rp.Jral

punishr:ient". (bru:t)hasis Su:;_.; 1;li...;,.). · Ia essencf::l, the 0ff13.ace ,.:,f Ltttc~ipt.:.:l r~-oi.wry inv;:ilves the us :.,! !o»8e with a )W:~_t).:ise Jf ~ t~ cui.,L:i t. S;) f Jr ti1e c,:mvictLm t.;.; stand i.n this oaid pr·:>sE:cuti::m haC.:. t;;, &:,t.:.:.:..,.ish, inter alia, whether when the ad~ellant fJrcibly trio~ to sn~tc~ the gun frJm the c;:implainant he · · i'ntended to steal the sni:..). Th9re is n 1 d.;ubt in tbo present ~ase . that ,ppe1lant tria1 t~ s~atch tho ~un frJ~ the coaplainant by ~sing } Jree, H~w~\et·, I aw fur fr:;;:.1 bei:i _; c .nvinca 1 that appella :it intendel to steal tho sail gun. Wh2t is clJ~r fr~~ the evi1an•a is that appellant was resisting arrest anl !n s~ iaing he tried t~ disarg the c~mplainunt in the furttorance 0f his escape. The c -r~icti~n o! a ttei.1pted r Jbbt~ry cann::·t th1;;ref ·,re : tan:l. l..t')pellant was trJing t: run aw:...J fr);'" th,:; ar.:,1 Jf the :.aw. •I' He was tJ ba a~preheniel 0n su~~ici n that he had r~bbad a r~reig~ eouple. T~ facilitate his ~scape a~Jallant assaultel tha 0J~~lainant · I. ane:. trieo. L (l.isur.~ ni;:;. 1Jn(L<,r S.:;c-:.:..~n 243 (a) ...,f thG .i?cJl.,li Co::ie av ,. •I . pers )D wh~, assaults anJ i:}Jrs .rn with ·.ntont t.:- resist the :'.awful appl'eha.,o... is guilty ~fan ~ffonco an~ licblo t l~)ris,n~Jnt f~r fi,~ years. The ' \ revidenco a·railable in the prGsJnt c~.,-~ c.L:·erly

ostablishes ;his of!enee• I aw ·'Jf thJ -pinLm that assc,.;,2 t is ; .:.. in :r off.:rnc.:J t,1 attet .~tec1 roqb,e.J.);• in this case is t.{J rnhed. ari'd!~,; '':r eu'beti t•ting theret;, ,in t0:rL:s ::if SevtLn 300 (2) Jf the Qr l· :inal Pl'~ a~e Jlet, appe11·~nt is c.mvictui :f ~•.:..,-1,;.~.t .)u... .:..3habL with fi'f'e ;·ears.'s iLi.cir~son@ent c:;ntrarJ tJ 8ectL;n 243 (<.i) .>f tl1e .r:'0.11al C..):J.e. Let me briefly say SJ~ething ab~·1t the s0ntonca of 15, e1rs iwprieon~ent ~ete~ JD th~ aJ~ellant. It w0uli a~Jear that 1)is sentSn•t· wae imp.;,se..l in ter:.is )f sectLn 207 ( 1) .. f tl1e rHnal ~ J.:e al , r:lu1'kl,gatei ( ; by 4ct Nu~ber 10 of 1909. Th0 secti1n ,rJviies fer a minimu s~n~ente 1 of seven years iru,..)ris:.-,nwent an-.: a raaxi.:JUfu :;f t1i >1ty years fn ;he o,f:renee, of a tteupte:: r:ibbary. B-.it b,d :.,re th..:: 2rn:1ct;:;e1,' ,f this sec ti. r,, a t\em,Pted robbery was punishabla by a ~uxiLl~~ c~ntonce Jf f~urtaen years .upriso ~eat. Aet Nu~ber 10 of 1909 beca~~ ~~~rativ• in MLJ ~~39 an~ a?pellat~ 1$ alle~ed t) have oo:.jwi ttcd tr:·:, :ff0nc0 n 3/',, · -.~. f J.i· punishins the •.• pet~a•t _ co:.:initt(')· ·zania ••;-: ·, ·f,... Ct •·· •:·•~-,k 3 11 13(6) Ji\,r the purp0,·ie1..1 Jf ensuring eq·..1b.li ty before the law, thJ st~ta shall make provisions:- (a) •••.• "~.,.fl~,. .... · ••••••••••••••• (b) ~ •.•...••..• ~ ·,. ,.•.•••..... o •••• o (c) no

pers0n shall be ?Uhished for any act which bef0re its CJwwission was not defined as such offcn10~ and ho yenalty i~?Osed for uny ::riwinal o·ffence shall be heai.·ier than the JOnblty in force at the time the offence was co,.;u:,it-tod.," (the un:lc.Jrsc0ring if: wine.) ihe sentence icposed in tii~ case is wall abo-e the ~a,imura sentenee of fourteen years i~Jris0nwant pr,vilc~ unler the repealed proTision, The sentence can also b8 faultel fJr contravening Section 49 of the Interpretati.rn ..._,f Laws ;;.rid. GelJeral .LI.Ct (•·ct NJ-30 of 1972' which says,- ,'.~49. v,here an act consti.tutes an offence, -:!nci. tlw penalty for such offenc0 is a~cn~ed between the ti~e of the bowwission of ~uch offence and tte conviction therefor, the offender shall, unlo as i;1·:: c-.rntr:1::·y intention appears r b<:: lti..able tJ tbG l)enaltJ p1·.Jccribc:'. at the ti:ue of the COi.1:ission :Jf such offoncc.," It woulcl a:p_Jear that un,:er tl:is section an •~ct cen ~)r,Ytid- for sentencing of ac~use! ~ersons in accor~ancJ wi~h the aJen1ing proTis~in notwith- standing that thG :Jffenc8 w1:.,.P ~.-1,·-1,::·'.: ... :,,~ '_ ::~ .:.. : • ..; ........ ..;.::_, i :t was enacted. With respect, such ~~Jvision ~~uli cJntra7ene ~r~icle 13( i)(c) hence bad for bein 6 unc.)cstj4;1.;.ti0n~~:, F;)r t:.:~if3 1• I r.··_bLit that :l-·e _legality of But evan it we are t~ h0l. that it was ~r~~er fJr the CJurt

tq convict tho aJpallant undDr t~a now pravisionj ~till the s(~tence of ·· 15 years is illegal as it wc.s :-utsi:le t:10 sentJncinr, _;)Ower : 1 ~· the court. ~ection 170 (1) (a) uf the Cri~in&l 2~oceiure uct a~t~orise. subordinante court to i::.,p.)se a sentence '.)f ir:1;ris::>11,. ,ent n:)t exceedifl.g fi~ 3 years or a sentence of iupris0naent nJt oxcuoding eight years for ). fences falling under th& Minimu,· 1\ .... ~~::ces •ict. li'.)We7or, this rest: j ,tion is without prejudice, SJ says subPection (4) f seoti~a 170, to ~ 1e provisi:)ns of any written law a~tliorising a saborlinate co"."'.rt J:o i~;ose in relation tJ any offence specifiod in scch written l~v. a sentence in excess of the sentences ;rJviled for in that subsection. Like the ol~ 0ne 1 the new secti~n 2G7 of tne P8nul Cu~e does no~ confer on the subJrdinet~ courts exteniei ,ow~~ Jf sentencing. s~ the J c0urt in this case c :)Ul ~- :mly i:.i:;: ::ise t:- 8 .Jini..:u;:1 :.,en tence whioh h seTen yoars :.,r 8.t ::1,,st ·2i.'-:ht y.:. ... rr-. :: 1r;~_-:-J..:.:.1ont.}"'.. ·:1it'.1 ::::erd.::ct:::.ry cor1oral pun is½ 1s ~t ., - 4 As I A,.d-l, a convicti:m of .ussi:.ult Punishable vlfith fi-te year's I □prisom1ent C'.)ntrary to rwcti.:n 2.-U (a) Jf the Penal Co::l.e is he:reby substit'.lto:l fJr the c.:rnvictLm ;)f ~•tteu)t-a.::l Kobber·y'. To date appellant has alrea.::ly served two years~ The Llaxi@uQ sentence f0r this offence is fi~e years, ~~pallant is therefore senten~ed to jail for sub a taro which wi:l result to his immediate·release. ., H. A. MSUMI

JUDGE 19/9/91 I Foi the Republic - Mat~p2 •· For the AJJellant-~baent IT rs A TRUi COPY FROM THE OF,IGINAL. / 1·