19770905 TZHC Dodoma2

IN lf:1~; }UGI~ COURT OF TLJ:TZ. IL. JUlUSDICTION HIGH COU:.l'I' CRH'.iHLL i2I'E;.L No. 74 OF 1 977 ORIG IIJLL Cil.HIINLI· CLSE No• 616 OF 1 976 OP THE DISTRICT r::JOTJRT OF IRING;~ DISTRICT Li' L.LCFfGJ\. • R,;bTliGLT l'ILGISTHATE versus THE REPUBLIC • • ... CHARGE: RoblJ,.:ry with vicl,mcG c/ss 285 li.nd. 286 cf the @II'ETL 2 J. P,:!lY:,l Coc1o. ___ JUDGMENT ,.. __ Tlrn o..ppell.2.nt, Daucli Ss.lun, w?,3 convicted by Iringa District Court of th•,, offoncG of r6bb,)ry with vjJ'l::mce c/ ss 285 and 286 of the ?m.'J. .1 Coc7.o, and wc1-s sE,n.toncecl to 0 seve_n y,;s.,rs inprif,nn-wnt. Ffo now s,p 1:ie--:.ls. · The :;;n·•:,3ecuti (,:n's evir~_cnc,s w,,,,s 2s ·follows~- at ab out 11.00 p.n. on 20/9/76, ths con1Jl2.in.,,nt , ono Mary R0r1,,_c.l.hani (Pw.3) was roturninz hnn.e fron ::-, l)onlx shop 1:-JhJre :she had- . ttJen sGlling ponb::;. On nrrivnl hoi1::: she knocked at· th,) door of thoir house so thc1,t hor notl,.or (I'w.2) could OIJCm for her •. Bdf::T•J the c 01:.1pl2,ina.nt I s nother cr::uld open the door for her, the, con~:,18.ino.nt was grf'..bbed by ths 11.eck fron the bnck. Whon tho conrl;-,in.'1.nt ro.is ed an ::-112.rn, heir asso.illant thruatenod tc st:J.b her ·with '=- knife if she conb_nu,~d to raise an c.l,.,,rn. Lpp2:.rently, f ;n.rinr; fer hor lifu, the 0 conj_1lainont stor:P od nak ing any noise. Th1:::r,::u:-;on tr.1. c assnill::>,nt started seizing thG couple. inr,.nt I o cloth :::s which she was wen.rinc • . To start wj_th, he pulled :J,w2,y 2. ki tenge with which the co:.:1plc-dno,nt h:~d covered her8(:lli, r:::.11c1 threw it down. Meanwhile, P1·r.2 hc1cl heard hor drmgl1tcr 1 s c,J_:;rn. ShG thc::.1 opcnod the cl' or to see wl".r. t was ho.j}penine;. The culprit then ordcrod the two· woncn to k\j0p quiot or elso ho 1rnuld 2.tt11ck he whole: f2x1ily, n.nd decls..rscl that wh.?,t 11,.:: m:·. s 2.ftor vrcts noney. Ho th;:;n c or1tinu0d to 1mll off th•:~ co::..\;_·,1;_,_in2nt I s cloth0s. Ho next pullc.:d off o.nothor kit one:.; uhich the conplsimmt wc.rJ w,:;2,rinc 2:nd to ono end of •Jhich ·ch s: conplnin.c::. nt h:--,c~ sLs. l';-5/- tir::;d in r:-, knot. Th:J culprit seizocl thc..t kitcm{fu rmd. ·w2.lkuc1 n.1:my with it. In the course of that struggl9 tho conrlain2-nt' s dross wct,s tr-rn. Apparently, b,Jforo th ;,'3 culprit dis2-pri:'eo::,rucl frbn the scene n ten.,,nt in tJ:i,::, con:;_:;l2,in2.nt' ,s house:, on:J Pn.ul M gob2. (Pw ...:-) ho.c1 heard th.J connotion. So he c2s1e cu.·:: and saw tbe culprit wo..lkinrs ,..1,way &"'ld Pw.3 told hin th,:'..·:, she, had · been robl~::;;d of her kitenge o.nd. cash shs. 45;:... Pw.2, Pw.3, c,rrl Pw. 4 identifi :d tho cul:i.Jri t frmJ tho lich t of a street 1 electric light tc, b( tho C.Il:iello.nt. 0 ; FrcJ2.ring for th:,ir lives, the witnesses did not follow the arpeJlrrnt. 2 Next ncrnine, ?w. 2 :::i.nd :i.1w. 3 reported t;:-J. .., ,. :.::·:·cur at the police staticn: Both J:·w.2 nnd XiL 3 vrnro onphs,tic th,1..t the ap 1)el1Mt was 2. t~::tr~l strnJ2g,::n~ tu tt.er.1, ::·.nd I'u.3 furth,:n· deniud thv SU~ !;;;sti·.)11 th2.t :'..~_)j_")>:::llant W2.S her boy--frLmd • On 23/9/76~ G.t ~,b9ut 2.15 o,.n. F.C. l...(1,-·,y (i:\:.1) was on ps. trol in ICi·i;r.;.nzini. 2-r-c:L'.,. Irin{_.:--~ -~,)-::~:)r.:/·j.) ,- v1hich is th1J r~r.::.a ·in 11-rh:i ch· t½. ;; ·. cornl;,..innnt 1 s -houso is si-~1..:·,t0d. While b.e wo.s O.il s:::c.:::i. p~:trol, .h:_~~-founc1 -!~he c'..l1pe1L-,n·'.; ,sJ.:,.-,)inc on an olJ. ecfa in ~-- dil2.pi(:2.t0'.l hut. The ;·,111 oll~,11·f; h~,C::. cover:.::.:. 1 hi;··,self witl~ .., }·i+r-n··r Pw 1 t11-:.n °wr-ik '...,,.__,, hir1· '."'nc1 on : Cl·~- .• ·•- __ ) ,j_r,~;_· ..~(~i~-:' .... ~-~1----~;.~:~L ~~ --,~·-:,·~ ,. , 0 1 l.Lll1[;. lilL,C..:r !_;.'.:l,G~,;-, 1.,h_~ ~p_pollan't 8<.sl~- t1-. ,G -·-. J..-.:C· ouen _J_~ ~1. -· ....... ~_ _ sloa1nnc.v1,th .--:,.girl wno nP,c1 loft. PvT.1, h •i,.v r, suspecter_ thci' app,:llw..t to 1:.<: :-,, thi:;f. H\..- thOR, t' ok th:., ':->,~)3)Cll:--11t to police.stc.ticn vfo:.ro hi.~ .s,Jizod -:~il ✓ kiton.:}~ ~~m: k::)pt in to8ethor 1,r~th ot11.;r o:;;:hibits. L:",tor, tho -~~J~;::llru1t w::~s iol:,2.sed on ;y,licc bond.·. · On 29/9/76, th~) cr,n:;lainnnt wont to th;:11.olicc st2.ticr.:. ,P J in,quir:,:: [\S to WhP.t h<1..c1 hr-;l)l'JGl1(;c1_ o..bout ·cha -rr:.,poi~t of 1 ro01J cry slrn h::--,(~ lodscd with the rc,lic o. Pw. 1" ;th:::in took hc:.r to t:1<-dr .:::-x}1ibi t stnre. where tho c,.:;n-,1li':.LY'J.it 'i.,1::1s shown a hec~p of clotl". ~,s :-incl sh0 :i.de tifi-Jd 'i .id.·ccmc.::' ns · the one the np)el l ,..,_n·t; ro~)ik c.~ on ·che nicht \)f 20th S1:J:;_;te:-1b er, 1976 • .That kitengc turn::..d out -tc ·!:ici, th-::, v2ry en;· which J?w .1 h: ,d 0 seiized fro1; the ::.~~,·;>ollr.rnt on t]1c:: n±cht of 23rd StpteT:1ber, . 1 976. · · ' ·. •. ; Durin(~ th.s trial both :cw. 2 c~nd ?w-. 3 idtm:c~,.:fj_ed the kitence to b.olm1r;. to P•·J .3, it hr.:vii1c; lJ. ::n lJ01..1.c;h·c by Pw .2 2.s a pnir for sh.s. 67 /-:-. Doth witness0.s u:1ve sntisf:::-,ctc:ry descrii1tio11 of L, :Jofor,~ · idr::ntifyin{,. it in court. ·.:-:.. In his· cl of one u, the ::-,,i,r:.,3llt'nt · go..ve 2. ion:- n tory of whc:t he did b etwc:cn 17/9/76 nnd 28/9/76, the giGt of uhich is the t h:-, cl~ i:·~s ·1:ti·1·- -.-,t -:-·: i ~-i cn:·~·"lr--1· n,.-,,-1+ 1· s his, i'irl-friend J '--:,'' <..... .,.__ .1. .._... .,. ·-..,.. •. _,.J._LJ .__. ~ :,J. V . . I L) · • On 28/9/76 hu h,:--.d 1!ith l;lin shs. 900/- On thJ sr.,: ·._; clc,y he went to s eo his [::i•:;.~1-fricnd, .th-.: c0n1):J_,-~in;-,nt. E:, did not find hc:r, P,i1f~. h.: r i:ioth<.r 1;3::-,i~l shG h2,d c:·on,0 t:, r.: 11 ponbc at a pon~)e shop. So h,_; ue;nt tc ·ch: po,-Ib~; sh.;::, \·r> .. rG ho net hor. Ifo wq,it-.,c: for hor till 11 .G( p.:·1. when ·i:;;::i.:y both left for the con1)L·irI'.nt 1 s hcv..sc. On n,~~·i~i ,rr..l ·i.-h .r.-;, h-.; r;z~ve 1 • tho ccrr· l"'i•1r•··1t ::•1.-:• !';0/- to buy bnr.r· 1,rhich -1~ ~<,- co,·1~"1:--.in.~.nt 1 1 • r1 . -~· ,_ .. - . ;~--. <•· ·:.~ -~- /:, ~ · '- J ~~ "'-, ..:·:J..,. dL..,. But n.s s~1., en 1,,_,r .. c.. w_,_ l,h th,~ b ..:,1_,r, 1.,hr"r, -'· .... n -~L tcr,;c.• .-, ". ~-t: 'A, l , r-. ~: They orc10r,Jd hj_n ()Ut of -th-:: .r en, en(: :-1,s h, 1:'."',f::i :_:.cine out, 1 he ;-rc.s struck on· -~!.1G h0iic1. H<.i fell dt,wn ·n'.:, th..;y reliovocl hin of hiG nonciy, sho.os, :~ncl '-m oris wo..tch. T-Ic; th:,n want to report to polj_c··· sto.tj_on. wh9ra h:} ro~,ort:_;d -:2-.':'.t hG h'.:l.d b Jen rob 11at1, 1,-rh:::1~cm3.1on h'.J w2.s te:lt th0,t h'.": 1r·,;:.;: -·;:_:,t; ro1.i~:;or, 8nc~ was tcJ-:-~m intci c1.i.stcx:y. H(.; shc1,•J8d to ·L1·,..:; tric·l cuurt tl~o injurfos he) sv.st,_:in::.r7_ durine tho incidont. Th,1 ?..~:''.,'UJ_l:,nt s':.id th'1.t on 20/9/76 h,J w2.c 3,t Iluln buyi11c ::1P,izs. Th.: l.:_;2.rn(:c~ r·.,sic:cmt rn::i.cist:r,;.te o,ccc:Jtocl thG Gvi,'i.encc of ?w.2, Pu.3 ··,.nc.1 I\-r.,~, 1"..nc1 found tho r.1.~):i_X)1lo.nt to be 11 a clespic:1ble liar" ::mcl r0jocted his cilibi 11 1-ri th th0 contcr.1pt it deserves". As 2. fir.st r..1:,p:.:ll':'.ttJ ccurt, I ci,:·1 0ntitl-:1d to rDview tho evic~ ence ::21c1 co:\,:; to r:y 01,m cc-nclusions thcrGon. In doin{. so, how.:iver, I c.3.nnct 10s0 sight of t:1,:.:. f2ct th3t this being o.. cr..,se th,;1,t dej}<nc1ec1 to a laree oxtG1YG on th8 credibility of wi tnocs,:;s, I h.:::,ve not h[~d thu ;1.,(:vc..nt3.ge, whic~1 the lc:ic,rn·,;d tri'-1 :·.12..cistrate hc:>,d, of s.suin; .·::.1(: tLt1ring thG wi tneose:s ns they (/'.,v· 8Vicl:mce. Bc)th r-w.2 ,:-,.nc~ :;:11,,.3 worG positive, r:.s wr.s i·w.t;-, th2.t ·i:;ho person they snw r.:)b'.:inr: ?w. 3 w:::·.s the C,i:i10ll::n:~, 2.nd that 3 they wr,ro o. blti tc L\J:ri:i;ify hin frcF·: thr:.! str;.;:ct (31,:lctrict lic::ht which i3 c"j_tr:.Ji~1.c thcj_r house. For rw.2 ~:'.rnl I'w.3, .I note th::,.t th·. incjJl~➔nt did n,·;t; h,\,pc-.m 7.11 of ,,. sud.elem. It t ok sor:i_o tir,.' b Ho:r.G tlL: culprit 10,id his }y nr"s. on th J kitcngo 1rhich 11:·-;_d~ ·chr:; con1Jle:..inr:~nt' s r_10nc?y. The 2vid0.r:.1.co of ic1ent-; fj_cr::.tion 1 'f :;?1,r.2, lw.3 ;md Pw.4 is reinfr,rccc1 lJy ti,-,_,-:: cv:i_r1ence of J?w.• 1 ·""". the ;lOlice of:ficbr wh::1 ·four:r-~1 the· f.',:~·-:;_Jallent nelecp in n. dil3,~')icb,tod structure) !:1,lV'. cc-,y•jrfhc;' hinse:lf _with n ki ten,r:;e which ~1-rned out to lJ,, the :·,r::, ',Grty cf th1.o conpl:,,inr. nt '"rhich \ras sl;cl~2n clurinr- • , th E ni[l·: -- ., 0 -: · of , ·!-11 -- c..:-· .._, C' y,,·,l) 1•( ry' ,,... ·" - "· On thr,s c,: l,;,,rou'n·: 1. _. 0-:-y_-, · . I· ,-,r1 • ..,, • • -. "-- ,...... 0 ·'· C,1,,.1.. satisfj_(:~d, -:s w2.s tho l~.;c,.rnud trir~.1- r;_;siden t :x:i,c;istrate, that tho evidence of i·1Gnt:L;ficaticn wo,s water-ti[;ht. · ,In ·;;he f2.,c0 - of that ovor-whclning. evJi-:ei1cc, no rcnsonable tribunal could have accept8c. ·th•3 :.::,yr)r;:iJlc,,nt 1 s nlibi :::i,s cregtinr; n.ny reasonable d OU b t . - . . - - . The ':YLJl)8-' ~'.:·'.nt 1 s contention th2. t h:;, w2s r~ lJoy--friend of Pw~3 w2.s 62.tegorically deniGd by .1.'i:,,r.2 an~:•.l\t'.}. On t .q ,'. e~1c t., 1 .-..,,,,].J·'-<r , __ l,_1__ tl-· \7, v '•liJ.,) . l ;, l'.J"rn·c l .; <'..-L• :J.L,, c;; t11~t d 1, -·,-,r--~s-'•-~r,tc, 1 l,-,"·"'v·i·r v 0· ~ 0 , c, -:,N-r•·,c, . ~• ''•t_', c;;,_, . , , the entire story of th•.3 ·. tll):'e, lz-,,nt W,?,S: e,. ricliculOtlS. concoction • . It-·1·s- +rue Jt,-11'.'.'·:· t]-J-~ ~ ,u .·. -'>"Y']P 7 lr•:.1·;.,t .v .,.,J.-'.-.. ... .. \ . ., 'J ,..,_ c: 11 ocoJ,-r'1·n· r1 ·1·r1J·,,--,·i <::< 11·'u· _.j_ ,_ ..1. >,_,v .. .J -i- ,,re J _,.., - ..... 1 VL.L ··- _ 0 v VII, hft.VG tl18 ·~:Vic~onco ~)f P1r1.1 . thc:.t tl10 ~t~.)~~-~:.)ll?~Il-C -·-~.-r.·~.;.:; ·,b-.;~~:.tGJ'.l ,U]! by ci vilic•.ns ·W11. ·..:11 h'.J Wc.7.S . i) i:in:~; 2.r:!~ ,:stod •. . .. ' On the :.Nil":._ ;nc:.,, ·i:;11,.:;r,::fcr,. , -ch,;r"' cr::.n b _ lF doubt ·th.1.t .it is the. Er;:JI:-o112iTc whc st,Jlc th,_) ccnpl;-~L.1c-,1.1t' ,s· 1~10:rioy_ ;:mcl. ki:t,onc;e, ::•,nd t~-i,~·.t- :J, -tlid tin.) cf- such st,,;,;__"..lin{.. h ·, usdd- violanco on: :cl"J,, ,:•,:.;rsOn cf th,1 •cc,,·1pl::~i:n,~,nt :.ti/t Vr,t· lLJ thre2.t enud to us·c, vicl·:mo o on tlE:;.~1 if tl-.t:,Y r .ir; ~cl 0,lo,rn. On tl.!-ose: e;roun(..:J, I :--,cr,::,;:j with ·che lcnrn.:::d stcd;-:; o,-ct,)rn:;y, thc.1:t the ovid0nc:-; fully ;jusJcifhcl the convj_ction. ·- · · ,In fin2, this Dnlivcror2 in Court :-i,:t Dn(0na this 5th dny of S:-,ptenbor, 1977.