19790327 TZHC Dodoma

IN THE HIGH COURT Ot' TANZANIA AT IRINGI'. C. ORIGINAL JURISDICTION. ·· (DODOMA REGIST~Y) • r CR1MINAL.SE::,SIONS CASE NO. 8 OF 1977 THE REPUBLIC .- VERSQS • :·: DAUDI ,s/i~ PA CHANG A ... - . ·CHARGE: M U R D ·s R 'c/ s 196, -of the Penr1l Code. .. ·!·: i.:'.:. .. ' : .._J.UDGME·NT .,_ ThE'., u.ccus2d p,.,rson in this ca!5€;_Daudi P~ci~r1nga Kaberege, ~.- std,.'i,:ls chorgi:d ~vi th th-.; off,mce. of murder. c/ s 196 of the Pchal · Cot'.- •• Th~ pros0cutiun h"'s ~J,legcC:. thnt on or i'l.bout the 3rd diy of Jnnuary, 1976, in Iring"1 :Regi:-_;,n., the accus•:?d ·murdered one Ant· ,n L:1sl,n. · The: ,:i:ccu s~cl pl~ ,~cbd "not guil ty 11 to the chnrge. Tht: evid ..:ncc a.,:duced by th-., prosecution- is as follows: the. ::(,c.,::ise:d Anton .Lasc1n was a resid,mt of IgornboL1 villnge. · At the m:.-L,ri c1l · ti'me; th.~ uCCJlsi\d 1 .~ho 0rdinurily re sid~:?d. c1t · · Rv1anz<?.li village, w:::i.s o.:I:so residing =--.t Igomboln vill,.ge where he wci.s um:)loy.:!d by on1.; Wapdikc1, ·a. •hµsb·.nd of one 'ft.tr~ai~i (P.W.9) one Joseph Mo.choy,,.bnn(Ji f q .. so resid,~n-t- of :tgomboin viil::-.c:_:::.:, us--:!d · tc own :1 shop in th.=,t ·,rilL1ge_l" About two weeks priur · t,· the d1-!,"lth :)f th-:: decE: is,,d, . ::wo sist't!is; of the accus'=d, n:.~m,...;ly, Brnsia. d/o P,ch~tnc:J0. (:f?; ~,.11;, and Rita· a.Jo: K2konda (P.W.12) W,.;nt tc. visit th~: i1CCUS .d :1t Iqornbol::. vill::1g,,~. . At cl)out 1e.eo p.m.. .. th.,.t 'ni-:]ht; .md 'whil.o th~ t:wo ~?i tne sses and th<.: ac~~S{~d were ch:c·ctin0 insid-~ th~i "1.ccus;·,d 1 s :house,_. th,.? door of the house was far;; ..,,: cp- .. n :-:in,1 thr,!., young men Pnb.·:red the house br3ndishing k:niv .. s., Tp.::·. thr :cs young m.:m thLn orden•d thr. ~wo girls to come ,·Ji th •::;,'-'mo \~"'n the <J;i.rls :tsked wh, those young m,-=m w<:-~re, th12 intru ..:: .. rs · s :id th,,t 'the: girls w~~_re b2ing rude, ::md they slapped l' P.W.12 thrice. When th,~ nccusud tri.•d to protest, the inµ~ders thz-_.---.t .. n,.,d tc) .st.,.b him with knives. Thereaf.ter .:i.t l,:nst two intrud<:!rs r;:ipcd P.W.l~, while t:,, .. thirc: onG rap,➔ d PoW.11 in the prc-:seno..! of tht:, a½cu~ed. H:cvincr r:cp,:d th,~m, th~ ingudc:rs drugged the girls cut qf the h(.>U:,..: :-.i1,1· took th,!m to thtJir hOUS<'~Sn Wh(m the accUSP.d tried to £,.-11c:1 ·'.:h..:m_, th.·iy thn.:w · stunE: s at him oncE: so he gan'~ '·up. Nc,xt mornin0 t}1c girls w~re released by th,..dr.:c:aptors, .::md dt. ,r ·th.,y h ,d t0Li th,_, :,c:cus~'d as to wh,"lt had happened to them, the b-10 sirls l,.ft for th::.ir _vill<1<Je without r:epotltlng the matter ·• -co cJ.U-tl1(.ri ti,::s. Ther•.~nfb~r th-:! . O.CC:'1:5}-~s} .to.ld. P.W.9 whnt h,qC happened to his sis·:.: :rs .Jurin\:1 th,~ n.i.0ht, :md he narnf~d th,"! Jece:isPd as having b.: ·.n ,-:'.Ilk ng th.: rapists. ; t: .. '. • •• /2. On 3rd Januc:try, 1976, · ctt about 7 .;10 p.m.. , the derceased, u.ccomp~_,.nicd by his cousin, one Gornel1: s/o Fomuli Msambila (P.W.,19) w~·mt to PoW.l's house;. Accordihg to P.w.s, on their arrival there they found P .. W.. l, one Martin alias Norman Hongole (P.W.-~). on.:,, Mpumbi, and the accused in·t W•l's kitchen. While th6.y w&rC qh.::itting, P.W.l prepared food ~~i~ Jome of those present ate. At about f .. 00 p.m. the accused bade farewell and ··left. 1'-. But oJJout haif an hour later, the accused rc,turned. This time, howcv,:;r, he did not enter the kitch~n in which the! rest were. He stoo J outside ,and asked to s ·cc· P.W.1 . P.W .. l, however at first refused. 1 to c_:p out saying it wns late in thP. night. But the deceased pr..::rsuo.dc.:d P.W.l to go .. md listen to whcit the accused had tib say, ,J.nc'i so PoW.l went out. The accus,2d then asked for cigarettes, but P,.Wol told him there WE~re no cigarettes. :.. . Therea£ter P .. W.. l call,~d out to those inside t_o pring him a l.:1mp cmcl cooking oil, und Mpumbi took those things to P.W.l. Nc.::ith:,,r Mp~_i !nor P • .W.1 returned,'.into the room. They ~pparently w~.:nt to sitiep ... ,.:;_ •· The accus;;':cl, hoWlJVer, n:::turn,.-,d tu the kitchen and stood in 'cl;<, ,.:oorway.. Those in::<ir'e invited him to- •::nter, but the accused r,,m::un,cd stnndiht:f in the: clearway.. --~- .,.. ''n,.-.,, . ' . Those insid<~ the room app::i.rently ciecided, to go to sleep. Bdc::i.us<:_: the accused w.7,s blocking the cloorwci.y, P~W.6 7 who had the lock, h_,_\nd;E;d itJ;,over to ~the _decec1se,1 .. , J...,. _B~fµre guing out, P.w.s twice asked thE:! u.CCUSed to let him"152s.s,: put the accused did not answer, ands h(:: remained in the cloo~w-::i.y·., So P.W.5 mr1de his way· out ·of the room by passing in betw12,m th.: _pccuscd- legs and wcmt and 5:tood some= five puCt':S away from the du,or -C.'.) 2\Wait. his c:ollc}agues. -.-shortly after that, and according to P.w;.s, P.W.6 also ",cc1r,1~; .~t .in thiisilmE, manner as· P. w. 5 hc1d done; but according to i?.w.-6' hlnisf'!lf, he c·ame out by edging his way to one side of_i;he door because the aCCUS•=d stood on the other side of it .. Thereafter, the:: decr:~ased took the lock intending to close and loick the door. The accused, however, -rL':mained in the doorw,:1y anc1 so.":preven ted the dcccu.sed £rem closing tq.e door~ •Although the . ck,c /:sCd pevsis.tently told the i'J.ccused tc) allow him to. close .tbe -~·'"I deer, the accused would not move and- claimed that he used to sleep in th2t rcom. ~ µp to this point the·ev:iciencc=,,6£ P.W.5 and P.W.-6 is gene- r2-lly at one. _:sut from this point the. two wi tn,-~sses tell completely diff<c;.i;'~=nt storieso According to P.W~S, whi:Le the deceased and th:s u.cc;used 1 were arr3uing over th,':! closing, of· th,-, door, he h,"ard a thud - Theoop'l Just thtm th(:-J deccnS"-~d cried out. ''Corneli! ,-CorneliJ Iam dying". Imrn:.,,1i-;:itely there-ctft..::r .th,:~ accused took to his hfJE:d·s and disappeared, o.nc1 P. w.5 saw that th{:e decc usf:id had. b<2cn wounded and· intestines were coming outo According to PoW.5 7 P.W.6 saw c1ll this.· · · ~P.W.1"/ ):i;owev~~-, said, t]:lat -whEln. the: .deceased, and the J.ccus,--:.( wcrr~ quarrelling ov,,r th~ closing .:of :l:h,~·, do.or, he sensed th::i:t th.,re would b~ u fight.. That scar0d him ancl so he left. P.,Wo6 :.~.nclcl·2d tlP.t he <1lso snw corncli h~ <1ving, · but that after a short ..... /3 ·3 ,..,J. ., clist~1.nc_-,, the deceaseq called ·Corneli back.' Thi~ Witness never-:: lr1ment::1ticm _of the. .decE,asedo of· 'J"~ .;. • '• ":;: .,. From there, we only go by, the · story Corrieli. Corneli wjn-t cm_ tc- say thc1t he t}_"lcin le,d t:h.~.• dec:easec:f ;~ayt 'fro.rn· the sc-..:ne:, in:t~nding to take'· him_t<";J .::~s ,faj:her 1 s: hciilse~ bt;t the cI-:·1c.,.:;2.sl.J could not makt~ it there·. He fell down n,:aJ:" ;the house of one Nd(,geulayR, about lQ<?, paces away from the scen,e. r. P.W.5 then ··wenf to ·awaken several people ir. the· village, including the dece:,se_dts father (P.W.2). On being asked by people wh_c1 w,:.:11t-~to see him' at the place Wber~ ]'le had fallen,. the dece~sed so.id thv,t Kaberege w_as the. perscM\~hu I had. stabbed. n_.i:.·m✓- witf(' knife, a. _:mu thnt he had done S-0 'for,no re.o/-·$On. : That same nig1tt the cte\:eased was taken to NJo'~e hospital wh::.:.r,c: · 12,~ di;;!d thP. following morning .. ·. • •.,,., .. _Some three· days liter th,~ accusc~d was, ·arre~t.ed by. members of the.: then TANU YOUTH LEAGUE, namely, Ludarik</ (P.!"W~7.) and Lawi (P.W.8). At the time of his arrest, the accused ..C:mfessed to P.lf.7 cind PoW.8 tho.t he ,lid stub the dec2<1sed, but added_ '.t:~pt he had not intcm1-..:c1 to kill him· :ind thought that he had only w6~de9:. al)i:m slightly . rn· his defence on oath;. the J.CCU;sed .r.~ia:ted the sto;y of.· th') r,ping. of his two sisters i~. his presence :1.rid ·said that he-,. r(::?p\;rt.,L1 th~_ mutter t·Y the wife of hi_s. -employ€!r, "one Tumaini (P.W.9). Accor-..ling., to the: '1CCUS8d, thc.ise who r2.ped his·· sisters included Pe We 5, one.: Yuyc1 Mfuki (P.Wol3), and the decea.sed. The accused went on 'to so.y on 3rd Jnnuary, 1Q76, at about . 7_.00 p.m.,, he went to the shop of P.W.l to buy kerose~eo On a.rrivcil <:ther:e he:._found PoW'olr P~W.6·, und o·ne Gerold, who· did not testify. Acconling 1t-o 'the ·a:rcusE,;d, ,at that tim~ _the deceased_ and P.W.5 h.::id not u.rr-iveJo · Aftt~r. buying the kerosene·, he· remain~d ·th.1re: f,ur some time -and·'then bade farewell anci· went heme. While he w.'J.s at home he realized that he h.':l(: no cigarettes .-mcl so h-2 went b,:1ck to P.W lts_ house,'-o buy cigarette~:. This time 0 h•.-:: found two more p,.:CJplE~ in the· house, ni'ltnely, the deceased ;md P.W~S. He thc-m ca.llcd i-;i.lt to P.W.l ancl he and P~W.l ~•ent to the shv'P'_,:,herc, however, thcy .. found.no cigur.ettes, an.ct so--the ~-ccus~i;--· s·to.rt::.cl for _hi~ house. As- he ·wcis going hon'li.'!, he· .mc,t Gerold , . . ·. who w.:i.s 2lsu guing home., Thie·· ac_cusect deni·ed to have· gone _back to the ki tch1..-n. and stN1d lm the <loorwa)'., . i .. The·. accused· went on to Sil}' __ th,1t .when he was about 2e pac:,s > ' frum PeWolts house, th2 deceased and P .. W.5 came from behind him and tel\.~ him to stop. Wh,,n he stopped,· .thP.y told him to go and bring his sisters so th:o.t · th~::y could h;:we. sexual· intE~rcour$i2 1;i th them. lh ..:n ·ch<..: c1ccused r,~tortcid by saying t~.::it if·. they wanted his. sisters they shl,uld go tu the: girls1 home., .&o~h the deceased _and P • .W.5 slo.pp .(i him, cmd in turn the a~~used pUSI).l=:d.,P.w.s who feli down. Th. rcuptJi:i, the. ct,ece 'lSt::c.l scud ·thr"l.t ,they --sho~·ld stab him w.fth a knife·, on:~ h.~ ---:!Cttial.J.y pulled out a knife. The ilccus.~d, however, caught the ~cea:se:id t-d h~r.d an,' sno.tch,·,~~ the knife_!O. Rec·ati"se ·he wanted .to save his i~_fe and because h(. w-~s provoked by th:2 -~ssci'ult:.and abuse,s, :ti.e stabbE!_d. t_he -.de•3ased with ·cl:1-:::t knife,. and hh,,:" decease~ .~.1.~d ~'01;;:__-:. :- ' ,- .. · . . " ✓ ·., -,lcorn~·:u, -.~,-. :r have bt~en .s~silibed with 'a kn"ife":~ .. ". The, cl-:.c,..:2scq -md 9orn~li immedi'ateiy ran away •.· The accused then w,mt lwm.~, and next morning he left for his sister's place at Ikcng::i.si villa<Je~ He tlict net, however, report what had happened to o.ny p.-'rson at Igomboli.1 village., Asked why he did not report to unyon,-, t1t the vill a(Jc:, the aGCUslid said that he clid not do so •• /s bccuusc he_. thought th"lt he had only slightly wounded ':he deceal!!ed. After my summing to the two gentlemen as:3~s.;orst they "12r:-c2-, ur:rnni1tiously of the vi0w _.that the accused acted ;in self-defence oncl so found h_im not guilty of ~y offence. It is not in dispute .that a man by the name. of Anton.· l,;J.son is dead.; thc1t he died a violent deat-h; and t_h"t the persob who c:iuscd his death is none other th:m the' accused, ,Jaud. Pachanga. kabc·rcge., What is in disp.ute, th:~refore, lies i~ 0. :r;B.rrow compnss, namely, wheth,r .~he_. ·kJJ:ling F.1.moun.ted. to. murct,ir·, mcnsl::1u9hter .C?r just:i,fial?~D ~i;~4e~.. · · ·· AS correctly point,ed, out by. b.oth learned c:o:m·sel, this c,::1se r~sts, largely, on the credibility of witnesses. In deciding which wi.tn0sse s. to ·believe and \;_,hic:..'1 one to disb;,li-_ve or doubt, u. court usually ta.kes into consj_Jeration, int:_ir o.lia, the1 -_oppo;-tuni ty which a p ·1rticular wi.tn,c?s 3 had of qorrl~Ctly oh~\:\}~V~ng whnt hE:) describes :·~n .court; his ,interest .or .:.c.\:i,sinh,r2sted11e~_s in. the cutcome 1:n 'thE~ ·case; ..the r-o:t:::;· if any, which . he pl~ycd in .i;he . . entire- truns~ction; . and his dem,.-~ai1,;:u,~ . . .. .• i .ancfpe:aring . •. •·: <• : ~s lY.!' :.0 J.Vc evid,.?~C::8ln A ccurt w.U.l.. further tnke lntq. -::o:r:isideration th2 b:::ck<Jround, ff uny, to the :i.nc:i.'ctent 1 any m,3.teriEil contradictions .,\ 'in thq,·:h.::~timoB-y ·.of; ::i p.::i.rticular witn,25,s or betwt",E?~- .-mle witness and I Qi1,~tt,-.,p,::µnd :uny oth,..::r_f;ict or ci.rcum,·tane::~ whic}:l.J;:~;nJs t_o lend CJ;(,dt:119~~ t0 th~ c.i;-cdibility of .::i partL::ular witn~ss~. T.o return tu the mattc,r- in h-m(l, I am ot'.tly-~ _view th3t the r2ping inc.:.nEnt has c.1 lot.tc de with ':ht:, credibiiity of the witnesses in this.Cu$~; prirticularly a.s regards Corneii and the.,accused. It is u.'] ainst thri.t bc1ckground, th<'!refon; .1 tho.t une must C<)nsider which uf the, mn.terial ., wi tn12 sse s should be believ~d : .. ..... . and wh:i.ci1 .. 0.ne should s· be, .:..:i.sb<:li1~ved. or c:J.oubtedo Having seen and qbserv12d 1'.,W. 7 and P.,W,.8. as they gave .. evL.:,.::nc,~, .r am left in no dcubt at all th::1t they -wen~ witnr•sses of truth: und I qccept thc!ir evidence. I~ therefore,: fin.l as a f3ct that Br.;:i.siu. o.nd. Rita were rap(~d by at iep.st three. young me:,1 who were - .L' r . .~ Si<.~(.)11 ts ... f Igombola. vil:lage, ,md from, what· the ,3.C~:,;ed himself sai.:..l, I .ctm inclined t9 .. belj,2ve i a~ tl_}(_: two c:JP.ntl~men · •.. ,; , · . . :.: :-'icl, -that th.. , rk:cu,:isf'Jd .and;;Co~neli wer'E: mo_st, p~ubably partj.cipa;its in ~h-at ugly incident:. · I will now turn to the ev:i,.dence_ r:eg_airding. :the· events that l'-~(l up ts the stabbing of the deceri.sed a.n<l what happened thereafter. · Th'-"~mu.h.!ria.l witnessr.2s as tc wh,'lt happened at the hm.pe of . :Muchoyabon.CJi thc1t fatefµJ.-,. evening are Co~neli, Norman~; and Machoyabungi hirnscl£.. Machoy_al::>angi ts evidez:i,ce, hm-,ever~ oa; ~ardl:_r be. ~aid to ' supp0rt th2 prose<;ut;irm 1 s c·a.3e, for h.i.s evidence is tlnt the accused lcf:!::,. ::±b.::r being hJl_j th1.t th,~re were !10 cig;:\r'ettes.. To this cxt:-..:ri:t,=:.th~ evi(Jenc'"~ of.:Ma.choyapangi would tend· to su.ppo:1:-t the nccus, ,<l • s v~"r.sion of wh -:it: oco-.ir:ced. The evidence of Cc•rn~~ 15. '. az?.d th:1t of Norman ngr,""e on one impor-tr:nt matter, na.m,1ly, thnt the ac '..lsed came back tc., the ki tch~n ;md stood in the.·. doorw~y . and L. fact p.revr-:n t.ed Norman .:md th::::: dt:c.:2.sc,.d frgro cl9sing the door ...,.From this point _qnwards 1 the two witn.;;,ss;..:s-\c0mpl1::tely diy~rge~ To thc.t diversion I wi:•.l turn later in -!:11is judgmento But:Jti-rst_;-f:.L· t~~ :yvide_n,~~ _c,)f :t;he ,~cicl witness - Corn-:,lio :·.; . ·: ·Taken·in j.s"laticri, tht, evidt'!nce uf this .. wi~ness is, primr.1 fc1cie, credible.. But ,whl::!n: c•.•nsidered h,ge.th.er. wi_t...~ _tLe. rl""st of the uvi)-.::mc0. on .reconl ,m_c1 -his. role in t}l,, :en:tin:. cape 1 h:\ s credibility h ..:c.;:,im,!s ,.:!videntl·y·._ que,::;;1::-il,nuble"! T(.; · st 1rt.• with, . hi~ c,·:idence-in- chiof. is very elo~JU.l'<nt. · -He graph.ig:-ally dGs.crib•~_d· wha_i,: he claimGd to hav-::? s~:..cn that fateful eveningo Hc.;wev ~r thot eloqurmce falb.:!red eo~/6 ·:·lli -c.ro.s~examiri~t.iono: For i.he.'i-.. ,~'lce~. · f th~ 'c:2.-·c:,iscd :vi".l!~ r;o wounded · th.J.t in.testines ·wer2 rn...;,-r,_:::t'· ·... r:a ,~1;.-1-. • .611c ,.oc1,ie;i:-s -why 1 tl-i~P Hi tri·• ss -di; no.t. rui "'C · an ~1 • -·r··1 f -. j~,,-ij-:_ ·. :. ~. ·, ..•,r.. ,-:·· :' ,, . :,..: - -~·. Y __ •: .. <~:;_.~·_:-:· ··.·'.·~:·•~ ... -:~·.·;·:·!:i:~~:-• . ~e--: -~~--~~-~1::·~-~~---~---~ •._., __ .., •'... ··.: sp,_c1.f~c- que s_t1.p_n .;Pn thi.., po ....1.-.t., h. .. ·. ,:l.d,,-WeJ._ -':'!, • ., ·o. ~ .......n .. c.Qd. ctnd Ll hcll0w oner;: Ee ;said t_hat Iv:; h;.1<1 lo·s·:.: M.s vo.:Lee •;-_::1::.Cl gh a cm:,.gh.., . . . ~ .. ; ·' ,. -: T-h-e)7e. is. u..-- s2cc-=nd r.e ;-i~~oo. f~ . .··:· · ciuub'L:iD.g tl-iE:-; ( .::/2.d:~.l-,j. ]_j~ ty .... of this ·witne'ss,.,· :tfi~1d·:U: d1.~-=~:=_-'._r::i.iJ_:.. Jco l)eJ.:i.P.:-re ·/:L:1-i- ,'} DElrso~. ··t·' .:, 't :_ ....... '·-·,1•, ., . . -~:;, . . :· ~.,: ..1 gc.•_ ,, ...·.·,. a::.ep ~,~···. --·.J..nto:. J-·, ·- ·1-"..--1 .... '!"~., .,,,•] . wi. 11._ ,. s a.b. wou11._rl ,_. .-.,. ,:.·· . . .-½ a-... d •. e:_ a--.,0.1..1..c'-'. ~v--1.··t·y· ,~u•n·'w..,·:k- ·• C<..i.. ..:11.,1;. ""· a•·"" ·"+ .u~r".i.1-·1 ,t. . • J..'. _ (:). '-;-'--··-. - ..... < ·--= ·"s 1;••., -'-----;; t·'"li ,·~·; t·1er1{··1 1 1 \.' ~,:_ ·· D"'ce,·• ... ~.1 1-::.=c,:---e ·:.....L_ .,,... ._-· ·.,. •! a"·ar'cing ._ '..- , :-·t:"c", l:J.ecd., ··This J.s in ):ai~ ➔: ·.-•ha". 5.P. b,::srig ,;;uggested b 1' t\1.e · evick.:ncc of Cornelio The -!;::r.a,::c ·; of_ r.. :.ood or:. tl1e grot· nd [;tarted just :::.bout the area thE~ decea.seJ ::'e].· doWi·, ,... •.. r-d:.n:-n~ :,;uggestion that ch;;! assault must have bee::: -:.~omm:yted at a pJ.ace other than the dCJOr of ·i:~1e lei. tr.heno ,. . , _;Uher.~ .:Ls anothe_;:- piei_:;1 nf , ,.i.dcnce wh:i,ch h.ndr., to support tho.t infcre;1be'~ Th~ decea:::ed _,. -::,l:f d -<l i.lhont J.r·,r pa, 21.s· fron; the kitchc::n and iP.. the dir0ction o::. the .:ccusedts h,nse ·,_:· .. ·.::.::;in the op.posit2 direction of the dece.,s~ctt·f' :~.ouse., 'Ihe C:;{p; anation 0£ this cculd be· that Corn~J.i was :l:'akj:w: .·the decem,ed tc :1.'.. s fa{::her~s hous,;,, But what cannot b~-_- ien}ed 5.s ~ ·th;:1t·. tha·::: po':.ecQ o·:= ev-5.dence equc1lly, if net more sop ::rnppoJ:·-:::s· the. accused:s ?tcq_ that -i-.he ".cl-'-'.c··· ~ s· ,, nd C' · rnel ~ f ~ll · r--:.ct '·-f 1 ...... ,s .__ iJ. _.. _.• e-,_ .'. J. .. l • . . o"'. .• . <::- ·..····hr.:. •..•e,:· .·ac., ··-,.secl whil;. , ., .::. c-•.•c< -·, sc:,:,,:l ,. .•. , <1s on .. . ·-. ... ""l'iis · wo.y home, fer ·thnt '."is ·!:he ··cf'.rect', ~ to the a;:::cc.,E. j ~ :: ~\: .-•, /'. ~The_.r:e :i.s yet unc -·. r p.1.ece . f c-v:tde:1.ce wh1.d} ··.e.n,jr; to_. w0o.k::,n the cr~d.ibiJ.5.ty c,f u.,.r-ne:-)~.:-t 1 s c idence 1 .m-:·i t:1c.t :.s ·ch'= evid(mcu of tlKs inves-l-..igating cffic.2;_· (F"W.,:i_('_. Thi;; witne::s .h::id tM.s to s2.y: ,·. ''When Corneli tolcl:.mc':(tJ.:rn;;__;f,' deceased ab1:sE.2 ,ic.:::1.L~\{d_ .. all those mont!.oned the -~e·cch were p1·2f2r..':.. ::r. '1 1:1ey on:·.y said;; The: ui tn,._ ss added ::l r 1If anyone of them sn:,.-::; th .. e we~E. no i3.1.,11s!.."' s that :n:tght he wr,u.ld be lying 17 •• Apa·: t F.ram discredi L; r. J th•.. ev:'.;iencc of' Co.r 1.e:1-~. 7 th.is evidence: supports t.!1e a.ccused.'.. : .. _·.,·::or;, Let me now tur::-i to U:-e con.,··::·adj.c·~:icns be·'.;·:,e-:. ·:.:he evidence of Cc•rncli and No:t:'r:lGr!.o CorneJ.:'. ;a.:i.d ·.·;nt NoJ-.:-ma,·1· w·.?Jc ;,:·:·c•sc-,J~ ·, :,<.Jht u.p to the time <'lbt::c~ ~-:!-::!~ Fa.s ,:Jtubb(_ :. . E·: ·. No,::m,:li.). sa:'.d \:,:: :i-t.: ·!·~e :: c::::'t 1;.r;:,ij_e the: clccc,0.sed and the c1cc 11sed Wl-·,··1! ar~:·::l.lJg a·':: th~~ doer, ;:,J.o:.::-man a·.',cL-:.l th2t he and Cor.n,,1:J.. s1:a.:ct- ,, l.f?, ·: 'J,0 tvgGth-2:;· jy;· '.: -'-:,,,,+: t"<ie de:c:.::-.s,,c~ co.l:i.ecl him backo It :\ :--: alsc ·1ppa.;:-eni: th.-:i·i: N J.::-::tan d:1.d !1ot hec1- thc 1-..1.rr:c::ntutiun c,f '.:h<.= d~cE=asP.c1 :.fte: _.::te C'.(-'!Ceasec. ,-;a;; c·::021,ed., Th:'..s ~-.s w~;.-y m,:::'.h?:r.·.1.a/ · c;nt.. ·:·F,::-t::.Lc.n ~ n. -::J·,,2 :v-:'..cler..c:(, o-f thG twc pr~.s,-::cutivn 'vitnt:ss0r; 1,Jh1., u.:•':! .::a.-~ b· r,.o.',e b.:,r::;.-. c·rE-;•-wi·:.:n:::sses,, A.fte.;:· c,:.ns;:':..dering aL. ·,;nesc.~ ·:ece:::: of' t~·.r:i.. d,:n ::c, th.cit go t,_; Wic::Ccm. the evidence of corm,_;_.-'_~ oz: : lll'.1st. cc.ns:Lde.:· :::-,:: position c;f C(.rnc,li in th,, en.ti.,:-"' :::e·'-,-,up :~orrn-,-.'.. is r:; -:::ou..si.r:, the d<.=!ceaseC:'., c: Besi\·.cs; ux1d ar.; S r..ave observed ,.-irl:'.-:·~-, .5.t is qutb~ ).:·-:babl(: thc1t l~c.! w:::s : n,., -:-f the peop.:.e who rape:d t:he f:'....3ters of the ::1c ::r,.r--2d,. If thL; bo s,,! then i t j_s impossibli: tc, sa.y t'::--:it corr.eli wa.s 1 c."i.sini:e;::-estGd witn·.ss,, He w:1s~ in my con:c;:J.de,:-ed vi.,-,·,;? a w_tn.ess :·1h, ;~'1d h:\'.s owr.. inb::r:..;sts to c,~_::ver In all the circumstar..-.: . :w~ +/ .!ref ore; t feel tr. ..:1t 5.i.: wouJ.c.'. 2 a wcrt wn • I .,, I not be safe to :1ccept Cnrneli's . .,. . versL,ri. . of the, story.~:'. .... I think the::: circumstances o.re such· that th2 accused either. acted in s0lf-s.1c:f0nce 'I. c·r as a _result ,/"/ , of provocation. • • . . . ,· -·iAl5i .. : .. , the evidence .. . .. r:·J.d nc-t clearly exal.Ude ·the pcss1b1.lit}'i. of. s~l;f-<lefence·,. I •· '_-·f,inl<: th:).t the accused _must be given the ;~f!1'{~{-~:Jot(:th~ doubt. ..... ...... . •, For th(~ foreg;;ing reasons, I wr,ul:d ·,respectfully h•:1ld, _1.n c0ncurre:nce with th,~ two ge~tlemen- ass;,sso~~1( _that the. prosecution hns f o.ile:d to prove 1 ts case beyond re asr,11ab'le doubt • .- I accordi-ngly✓ fine: th(~ accused perscn not guilty, and Iher~by duly. acquit him. ··He shnll be.: rel.;~ased from cu&.tody forthwith unless -other1·1ise lawful,ly Deli V<..=:red in c,pen co1,,-rt at bodoma this 27th day of .·.· it/· Murch 1979 •. Cl/? (; !J;:· ti~ B. D. _CHIPtTA . j -~ :JUDGE ;. Mr. Mwz:myika . s.:s.A, for Republic Mr. r1wcl1d.ngWP. ·r('•lding brief -for Mr. N.. E.R. Mwa:kasunguJ.a - Counsel for the _Defence .. Assessors thanked ·and disc:har9ed. 27/3/79 l' I