19870601 TZCA Dar es Salaam

' . ' >. -- , ...·-:·.,,.,... --~--·· ;.:-.., ._·<t • • f __ • ~ • .. IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF TANZJuITA ,.,. ~ MBEYA ' (~: ™ I b C.J. 1 M.AKAME 1 J. A. 1 Md;· MFAI:I.L.Ji...s A4• J .A.) . CRIMINAL 'APP~ 1m. 102 OF 19.fr/ BUR!'ON MW!JWASU • • • • • • • • • APPELLANT VERSUS i THE REPUBLIC. • • • • • • • • • • RESPONDENT ( Appeal from the ·conviction of the High Court of Tanzania at Mbe3;a. ( lliaina_, !.!J dated the 24th da.Y of June·, 1907 ···---· · in ~ n a l Sessions Case No. 66 _of_ 19~ MFALILA1 ..&.!...l.!.~: The appellant . BURTON' mlli.NSASU Vas charged wit~'l and oonvio1;ed,crft~' .''' of muro.er cu the High Court sittitl[;' ,at Mbeya (Ha.ina., ,i;) and: wj~~~;/; to de~th. \ He locJeed this appeal ~a.inst both his conviction • and • aenteno . ·•/'l..J::1-!)"tP.. · of de'a.th. He was oonvioted solely on his ow11 00111'eoaion whiob,;;118 made .t'' 1 various people on diff'oront oooasions~ . There was no ' . ot~; •nt~~~'.""~·-· •: ..,..,,:<;..... #;,-.~ ... ii The deceased Osiah SWebe met his' violent end cruel 'deatli: l~~:in}':1f the evening on 27/12/82· at about 8.30 p.m. it was dark ~~~~~~Rl' arrived at the. scene in respl'.>nse to an ala.rm, they only ~~~:~__.~~- . .,":}. ' ,.... , ,·· . lying dead with out wounds on the head Clld._ neck. ' .:. .,.. ... -~ The assail.~;w~•.'~owhe,~ · ' -- ,, . ~ to be seen. Among the people who respond.ol ft the alarm ~ ~ e d .a~,- t . . ·• ·~ -, . ·-· ·- scene~ the appello.nt _•·s·oN>t·her Godwell ~~z.su (1>.. 1 w; _!';,~'.,,., · · !Qdia. (P.w.4) and their guest Da..'Uel swili (P.W.l). The . Ji;. •, !8/12/82 the _appellant_ {;l,l'ri~ed at Godweil •a home 'and ~ed:_'.,,,,., · al~n~{i!~ his wife Lydia. o.nd guest Daniel to come -outside as lla had· something· io te;,. them in private. He told them that he wanted their assistance in lo,.....,.__......... ' : j fer a med.ioineman who would oast 'a;.ta.Y apells from him and save him.£'.~~~-(- the evil ·effcds of killing a. mo.:.1 boca.use it s;,a.s he who ltj.lled t~-- deQ.· •' Osiah Swabe.. lie e~lained that he had: deci_ded to-.-lcil'.Cthe' ~eZ'eaiill.~ ""'_~::- • .. I • ,,"°'. he had bewitched him aild after consulting various witchdoctors, he ~ - become apprehensive that he inight b~come epilep·~ic or insane. ~e t ~ _reacted difforently from extreme foa.r in_ the case of the· wom~ ~~ to ., utter cont~mpt and indifference cy the two men. ~ :tls 1:,aa the fi.rst 1 confession by the appellant. The second confession was that which he inade to the_ a.rrestiiw officer Sgt. Amt P.w.5. Olt peing informed tha.t ho was beiJ:8 arrested . ' for thG . murder of 0si·al1"$i~e· s.ppellant adr.lit·ben . the ki.llitl& a.nd , , that he l~ usod a billhook to do that. He also co.ve rea.so.?$ killing ail)l led_ police to his father's house whore he showe4 t billhook he had used. The third confession was made cy the appollaut to Senior Inspector Ifanford Esalu. This was in the form of a cautioned ,. ' statement; t·Thich was produced and admitted in evidence at the trial. In_~_his st.a:t.emant, the appella.nt-11ot only admitted the killing, but describsd hot·1, he had killed the deceased by Weyl~ him as he -ret'\ll'ned home from a session of pombe drinking, In his defence the e,ppolla.,.;t denied that he h<l.Cl admitted to !: ,· a.nyone killing the deceased. \-Tith ro,;1.-:.rd to thG cautionod statement, ' 'he stated that he was tricked bto signi:1(£ it cy bail1g told t.ru:i.t it was a statement showi1;g th"'t· ho had do1:ied the cha.rc;o. However afte.r reviowing ·t;he evidence the learned trial j\ldoe was satisfied that all t.ho 1\ : oo.nfassio11S were made by tho a.ppellont to t:iose different people on the i-~-~?I difforent occasions and tha.t thoy were true. !Io fouild and hold that the ~ ~ (..: "'', ·41-~ ovidenoe of P.H.l and P.H.2 o.s prime suspGcts, re'-i,.-uired oorroborat~on '. .,: . , before it could be ootcd upon, bu:t lie found such. corroboration in the evidence of the woman ~dia (;i,.:·1.4). He rcjedecl t!1e a.ppellant•s denials ,, .. -r of ha.vi~ r:ia.de these confcsriio11a· and convicted him. I l At tb.e hoa.riIJB of this n.,pccl 1 Ur. Nt·T.:kil~a filed and argued two t ,J II main grou.'1.Cls of appeal 011 bel:.a".'__~~- tJ1c appello.nt. First ho said that the Te·a.r11eci-trial judge misdirocted himself by not holding that· Izy-ila. I (P.W.4} t-10.s also a suspect. Tho only reason I-fr. lh•rokilo.sa gave for . labaling I-Ordia thus ,rn.s that she hod been arrested and a.ooordi._.ng :to him by necessary implication dota.ined. 11.j do not c>.:;ree. The bulk of the \ ;\ evidence points to the fact tllD.t almost all tl10 witnesses went to the • , .. • ; • .....® ii I Police st.:d.ion 1,aot under arrest bu:t follow'ini;· ino'bru:ctions from Poli'ce ' ~, . .,....:..J;,:A•--"-""":. . ,,_\ ... ,,,-,..;,- f•.- ~\':..,;,,_,~~__.- .• -, -r----c----~---:- . . ,. . _ _____;_~~---;__--, -~•"f 7 ~~-----,----'---~---'--"-•r~·=---- ...._-'--'"'-"-~"-'---'~~-~~·-c•--z:._:;:_,:s: ;:__~_-::·-:_~~=~'_,;_'--::/. :·:..~.. } . ::. -- -· ,)v ·1 ·- 3 lcyeia that everyone should report· at the Police- station; It would a.pp~ .;~ this was a goneral. request or order. On arrival at tho Police Sta.tiollt · · · (' she was not detained, she ~turned home tho same ·c1ey; · ·Tha?'!'J .was thus ~ · ·•: reae~:o-tronor as a B~eoi", in- n~ed of absolx_itlg. her~elf~ 'AJ.tl).01JSh.::'.;::t' the trial. j\ldge ·treated Godwoll and Swila as suspoo~~, a.n<; ihus· raquti-ei;))':. _ . . . . . . '. .,. ,. . : thai:i- evidel'lOO to be corroborated, we think these two would appear.'to h,.:Ne ·. bean involved ,velq as part or' a ge~ral pohoo op(!l'a:tio~ ·- · _;:;} '! 'l".ie second e-·round argued qy Mr. Mwakilasa is that 'the ·-· :·..,-. ' judge miad.iraoted himself qy believing the uncorroborated evidenoe o~ Daniel (P.H.1) Godl-1011 (P.W.2) and Lydia P.W.4. He olabora.ted this 'tV . _,·: · • . ~ ,. .· t pointing ,out that thcso witnesses gave contradictor.y ' accounts of ,~~ 'what .. ;I,..,, • the appellant told them i11 oorinootion with tho kill!'~ of the' d~a.H1£i-} ' . . :.''' 1'·· lie so.id that whilo the woman Lydia. said .tho o.ppollont dosori bod t~ weapon • . . ,..,,. . ha had used to kill the deooa.aod, tho othor wi tl'l.ossos did not d added. 'J ·. that in a:ny oa,se there wero gI"l.l.dBos between tl!o C'..ppollant O,llµ. tho. ~!_ness 'l'heso points ,are truo, but wo do not th~nk they a.ffocted the main aubst of tho case, With regard to the woapon, Iqdia wa,a positive about~ t"~--:, appollant mentioning tho weapon ~10 used, Godwell said' tho appellam . did ., ....... ~F mentio_n ariy woapon, and Da.riel,fhld nothi?l.3 at all about it •. These two--:__;,,, witnesses theTef-ore mey not ecnuinoly have hoard th~ appellant me~tion~thf · weapon. In an::, oas<a they woro all agreed 011 t!1.o no.in point that the a.p • •. r .· )'\ told them of his ha'Vina, kiHod the doooa.sed 1 the_ roll,Sona thereof, ·aru1 wlzy'. · he was telling thorn this. As ro~~s tho ::i.llacod c3rudgos between the . I ,: . . appellant Md those witnesses, first~ this did not cover all the, wit~aeS: a.a the alleged rofusal to work ·only ruforrod t·o Gochioli1 s ·ahamba,,,:,_no.irl:ef·'_. , . •. _..V . ' . •~I •·•,\.-1'-',~-;, being a comi.)lcto stro..."l[;er. Soco~ wo ~do ,;i.ot t~:~ .;thl,s ;icind. · of \g~ . . . '· ' . . .· ';l, ...... would bo enough motiv:ition fer thcso wit~1osces to s~lo. thoir rolri.'f;iv~-, • \. '• t:·,~•~-4;·:· with a murder -charao. L: thooo oircumstu-.1ooa -~!1.0 lee.mod trial jwgei;: • ·\, V: -· ., oorrootly troatod Lydio.fs cvid.onoo r.o 09rroboro.tivo of tho ovidanoe·,of: _ ', ? • ... .. ••• ' ~. i - .r, . . '. -...~. ,. Daniel (P.W.1) o.nd tha.t'of hor husbo;td Go.iWllll who were initi_olly ·. ',,;.· troat~d as prin{o suapocts by roo.sol" . of their hii,vi~ · ~en dri~i - . ·,.:<:'< ·. \, ).._. together witl+ tho dococwod shortly before his doc.th,.. In any case the..... ·· appellant 1 s confessions to those t,·itnossos arc nlso col'Jfinnod by what _, ~.. . - .- . . ........... - he stated ·111 his cautioned statement o.;.1d his s·b.-.tcmorrli_ rogaJld:l.l:JB'. how and with what woapon ho attc!clcod tho d.oooa.sed ;l,.s, oon:f'irmed. l:zy' the doctor in his post-mortem report• • .. .. . ' :;-~~-,,=.~ \ '.· ,: . .~u.i·· >40•;, .... 4 \ I j(/' .. .-!:,- "'!..,, .... . .• and it is dismissed. .. _.·.. .... ~;~~ :~:?· ·;,\ J t \,, '• 1-'f :,. N\', •• "!'"\:- i (1 ~~-· .:, .,;;-.:.~ .·.... ·-:~t ·. ;~~~ .... • . ' .. !_ -, ' . . .,.'<i~ .~· ~,.t . F. L. !lY.t.L.ALI • • CJ:~ . {.,. ~ '• .I ..,,.,.,: ➔• ·~- -£.HIEF JUSTICE , -:- ~:t •. ~~. -:-:~. \, ... • .. • ""•-'i14rr:.-_ .,;,,_ 1,.,.. 1,. .,. ' \·:;.:·\\ ~ ~ ♦.:--~ ., ;/ ~ 1-t-, rr~r .,,_, --~'} . . ~, ,:.. ' ·~ ,;~ . I ... :· . •it:~ .. , LI • ...id. lUJUIME ;_ . . •' ,t., : .. ..._., ......t:~·.i·~ JUSTIC~ OF APPEAL ' it - - - - - - -..... -■-•-... '.!: ' ~-,4 . - ':', ... ~--~---. •·•·,-•·J~:} ..( ., ... \ .:· '#'Vfl- ,·• - .· \. -~-..t- . . •· ·.;.- :-." fi. .... . ~ 1r' L. l'I. MFALILA • :- - "'>·,_. . _. .\_ -· ,,_ ' t JlG • JUST± CE OF ilPPll:,~• ~ ":'.!:' . --I-oe-Ptify tha.t this· iif ·a7:.~ ·copy of tho or:i,ginaJ...-. ___ .. I . •'.i,-,J•.: ,. . .:·r,,. 1/ •1 . . ._:_'·.:,. ~~ \ ...... ' "-~ r:-'(~h;;., . ( .:..~. \ ·. ~t'~)· ~ ' '\·\f \; '-~:j' \ q\ \, ~ . . "::_-t~- • ~~ I ••- • .. \ ••J q -: . •i"';, ;'i" f' ~ ".,-; .! •.,.,:! ' " -~t<;:l(. \, ( .J~ H. MSOW.J: ) , ' ,/ ( ... ,. :\ ~l~,,9~' "~"i.'"'... "J.~ ' §_ENIOi-Y DBPUTY lllGISTil.A~ . \ • -~ .-~. ' . '(J :,,\i,'1 l •r:f/f;., ~/ ,Ji. - ' .... "" , , '~~,I•• "'-.l/7f~~ ~/~- ' ... ,. 'II,'•) .. '• ·' );),' ~?4¼.;~, ... ,. ·:.\)'t. \ ~;' ' ... 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