19900616 TZCA Mwanza1 1

nr THE COURT OF :..PPI'l\L OF T '.:iJZ..':.:I:~Li. ( COR1Y1t .• J THE p,_,·'m_,U3IJCo ..... • (I • -'~ • • a. • ~ o R::lSPONDiliT (}.pp0al from the conviction of the High Court of . T2,1~o.:nic~ at Muanza) (!l[t.m;yo:i:o, 1 J ~) dated tho 2nd d~y of Novcm)or~ 1989 in ·criminal Scsnions _C.E:E,.o lfo, 32 of 1932 RJ.M.iillIT.:'.ilH 2 J • .'... z ~ .'~~ .. : Th~· .. SP:1C~t~ ~:!~.2'~~'f:'): ~:l!T~lI~JY:!'HI?T~·: ~ i (:~p~). l~t I) and STIJBASTI:Jif GABD..ITIL .:{A)JPClJ:u.nt·· ~)-~; uqre -p_ohvictod of tho mm~dcr • sontenccd of 'a person wll'ooo 110:mo wt,s· ·,mkno't:r.n anc': were!- "10th >. - 1,y . • • • ,1, :. I.,, r .., • Munyera, J 9 to su;ffor death. Doing aggrieved of tlIBt t:1oy a.re now appealing. On tho fr..~oful ·,night, 1·1tii ,?"un_o~ :19$6, · one. J.::ID./J.,LIT ' ...... . SULEM.(Ul' (Po W.1), ti101~ a ~ili tiD.~.1a.11,' was on boat and smt tho .. ' ·-- ......:· : -- - '_6, o.p1,t01la.nts chasing tho docoRsocl. clowi1.'1ill f'ron .Thlgru1n.o in t:10 Municipality of Muo.nzao .\ppolla.nt I toll' tt1c _d~,ccasod. 110si:9011ipa hiz9 help, i1itak:utia na.nga~ a colloquial cxprossi{)n .. ocaning "if you do not civo no ... ' \ c; • • ,,. 0 • / '2 : .,. . ' . .. . . ...... , ·• \ .................. , : 1 ."': ~- .... !'/:::f •"i·t ....w:, 2 Tangu,n;y:ilm Bus tGr1ni11a1, P.1'h,_1. Sc'.,W .i.l.l)j_)Ollant I stab tho docoe,scd who foll down on his stomach., P.-.Ua 1 so,id the.t tho tornj_nus uns bright because of tho stro9t, lichts o.nd -thn.t he had lm01m tho appellants before that incident c.s t:.1oy uoro notorious pick--pockots whom ho had arrostod a number of t_imes proviouslyc, D/CPL., lUu"\J'GHiiJ (P..1fa2) was at tho iJUS terminal ancl ho smr throe people f'ightines· at a distance of about 40 paocstl Ono of them fell down and the other two r2.1'1 aHn::,r. Po11.,2 wont to the spot a.nd fo~d .P. W.(J 1 who told him thd the two people uho hnd osor!:ood wore tho appollc,nts., li.ppelln.nt I made a cautioned st2-tom@ used a lmifo on tho docoasod 1mt r.101~01;,,, so as to put a 112,rk. cm I •him· in ro:lialiation for a cut ·,rovnd tho docoasod had inflicted on -his right thw:1bo He clair:is t~r.,t n,s lie wc..s coming from Bu.g·:::..nclo ono Jt";J)RU oru.led hi)ll to go to hii:J aid., li;ppollcl.l'lt I fotmd t:.10 · .docoasod armed. with a lmifo prcvo..ilj_ng on Bad.J."Uo In hi □ · · cndoavow t0..·c1isarm tho doceG',scd, tho n.ppellant sustained t;).o ···hrj~• il.ppolln.ni; I said· th,'"'.,.t /J.J.)pollo.nt 2 was noithc:r p1~csont nor involved and ii' cµi;;rthing il.j?l)Oll2.nt 2 is the one wl10 fMilito,tod hi~ -,:(Appcllan~ 1's) a.rrosto }...ppolla.nt I roi tcratod ossontiv..lly tho same nn.,rrati~. in his sworn evia.onoe., _Appellant 2, on tho other Jmnd, plooo.od ru1:.nJibio Before u~ the appellants uoz,o represented by Mr., K:.~~·J3.:.L1'i::. 5 ·.learned counsel;: whi_lo tho Rcpul):I.ic/Ilosponclont had the so1~v.Lcc·s of ' Mj:-·~. BIL.:iROs, 108,.I'l').?d _Stato Atto:.:noy., 1-ir ~ Katabd wa had tlu~oo erounds .·of appeal~ FirstJ) ho sa.id that the testimony of PGi'l., 1 fo1~mocl the · ba.Si.s of tho ·convictions.. Ho1rnvor~ ho questioned his c:;.~ca.ibility Oocoo/3 3 especially when contr2.stoc1 with tl10 evidence of P$1T.2o l~ccordi.ng to P. 1-To 1 tho clmso was followed 1J;y- o, di:coct 1sto.,b with ·c.. lmifco :But P •. u.2 spoke of c, fighting uit~1 fists among throe pcopl?~ who was some 4G paces D,lrn.;1,r, mo:;.'cly had an impression th"..,_t there was a fight dos~~)itc his l)cing cc1..-t:::d. n of his porcoptiono Uc agree with W:r. Bilaroo P.H.2 clcfindoly saw some arr.i novcmonts which ho intorprotod them to be o, fighting. :But wore there any arm r:1ovcnonts? 1fo anmror thD,t. in t?J. c affiroativc. 1:..ppcllant I must have wi thclr.s:wn his ··kx,.;i.fo, .,J,~ rnisoi ~1is m·n to stab tho docc2.sod ' ~ ' in tho nock and uitlldrm·r it 2.Gt1in.· Ho onto:rta.in no speck of clonbt in our ninds that tho no,turn.J. c:oa,ction of tho. dcco2.cocL, t~10 i..""lstant !' j-f'~ th'4':o::- ·., · piorcocl hin, wns to 1.'o.isc his ho,mls either to :-oush off ":' tho kriif:i,ng hand of the Appc pant I oJ:• to clincl1 tl10 iiotmcl 01..· doing botho To Po1'Te2 those 11..•1:1 novo1:1011-bs nl)pOo.rod 'to bo l'.. fight a.i.'ld in a split - soco11d tho deceased fell clrlmo Dut Po H.1 1 who was just 15 paces away o.ncl h2il. l1is o,ttention drmm, srn-i clearly wlmt tl"D.nspirod. P;, H.1 is to be lJolicvcdc lli. s duo to the distance, was faulty._ Tho second ground of appe2,f 1-ms that Appellant I h8.Cl. no malico-n.forcthought. Mro K..'l.t2.bn.l1:a said that this wo,s sir:iply inferred. fron tho chase: ,Appcliant I ·:-ms no:rcl3; iTQ,r, . ing to :i.'OOOVOr his money fror:1 tho docoa.sedo Horoovor, it. has not boon prcnrod who had tho knife. It could ,tell h2-vc lJecn tho dcceo,sed.0 Mr. Bilaro subuittod t~t it uas not only the chase but also tho . -wa:i."ning which Appelln.nt I &,,we to the docen.~od _that ho ··- - . . __ ....... . . 4 would stab hi1;1 encl c.s he 2.ctv..D,lly stc,bbed )im, evontvnlJ.y1 then _he h11d 1:1e,lice-aforethouglrt., :'i.s fo:· the possession of tl10 knife Mr., Bilm-o snid tlmt it r.nrnt lmve 1Joon J:ppoll2JJ.t I or olne ho would not lmvo lT2Xned tho clecocsod., Ho 0,gnin o,groc ui th hit,., As for f~"91_1olla.nt I 170 have sor:i:ousl;;r Cr'lnsidm:<ocl his dofonco but wo c:.:-c u:nablo to lJol:l.ovo it., If ho hc.d truly boon called by BD..Clrt-i, then ho sh01,,'ld b.c,vo c2.l1od h:l.o to tosti:f;:, o 0 fut oven then Appellant I hir.isolf aclr:!i ts t'o hayo intcntionall;;: ,, injured the clocc2.sed in rotclid ioi1 t'..1ov.gh, 2,0 lie s0icl, r;1crely to give hin a r:1£'.I'ko Since we clo not believe hin c'.cfcnco uo do not have to go into that~ · vfo thoreforo disr.iisr· tho D.:!.)}.)Oal of Appollc...l'lt I in its entirety,. Tho last grotmd of appoo..l of Mr., KP,to.boJ. wa wo..s tl1..-,.,t no ovidoncc of cor:a:1011 intent ion Jms boon· cst2-1JJ.ished o.nd so ll.ppolla.nt 2 is not e,-uil ty of 2,ny offence 2,0 ho hacl dope c,bsolutoly nothing ape.xt fron tho more c~mso. :r-t.•o Bila.re urgocl. ll'.'3 to find I that cornon intention 1-rns ostc..blishod. First~ ho s2,id, there w0,s tho joint o!mso 1-rhich wr-,s :not c,bo..nc1onoc1 ovon o.,fter Appollo..nt I had doolv.rocl his intent of stc,bbing tho dooc2-sod. Acoorcl:L11c to Mr. Bilnro at tho oomont .ll.ppellnnt 2 °!J.oonno 2.1mro c ~- this intent, Md wont o,hoacl with tho ch,:.so~ :'J.o bocm1e privy to it 0 Moroovor, Mro Dile.re subr.ii ttod, tho tuo npj?Ollo..nts do □ ortoc.1 /, tho scone of tho :incident inr.1cc1.ic,toly -::-,:ftm.• tl10 docoo.,socl h,."',Cl / • 5 With duo rcs}_)octs to tho learned 001..mocl thc,t cuthori:ty cloos not support his subnissionso T:.10 t.•fo,1 com~t in that c,:i,so accOJ_)tcd thnt t:.:o □ore presence of tho second o,ccusoa_ ct tho scone of' crir.10 in circunstc. ncos uhich indicr.tcd. th2,t ~:.c c"'..id not dissociate hinsolf fron tho wtions of tho firnt 2,oc1..1Dod, coupled ui th his running mmy fron tho sCOi1O of crino when the nlarn we,s rn.isod1 justified tho conclusion thc..t ho lll:'>S an aid.or and fil)bottor., ·rho si tur..tion ii.1 tlli:J n,p:poc~l is lilrn t:22.,to not onougb.6 _Tho porson oust c,lso :p2.rtici].)c..tO in tho crine to sono extent~ It wr,s further :101c-:. tb2,t c.. pm'son pro sent a.t tho scene of crir.10 c2.1111ot bocono t, l)3::i..nci::_x•1 in tl10 second cl.oc:;:,oo norcl;f 1Jocn.uso he docs not prevent cho offonco or c.p1Jz,o;_icncl t~1e offoncJ.o:;.'(I lie nich to roitcr"..to th,:.:t :position heroc Ho1'oov--cr~ we n,groo uith Mr. Kc,tc".,bclwc, th2.t o..ftcI' Apy::llo,nt I lmd .., threatened to stc..1J tho docee;secl they cont inuod to run for just 1_5 paces n.nd tho clococ.sod 1-ms sto.blJocl., It is OUl' well conoicle~cod opinion thnt this 1-ms too cl1ort CJ.1 intorvo,l for L.p:pollo.nt 2 to dissocido 1:insolf fron the cl.1;.SOo In ru.13r CJ.so to tJ.:o unc.o:""t·rorld such uttorwcos o..ro cor.rr.1on plc,co 3,ncl l:,,:ppellu.nt 2 coulrl uoll lmvo taken it to be ['.. :ploy to coerce t:.10 cloce,'.'.sed to pay the r.1onoyo I Wo thoroforo arc of tho opinion tl:u.t' Appollo.n·,; 2~ Seba.stiD..11 Gn.briol 1 11.c.1,s not boon pJ:•ovod to h,."'.,VO cor.ni ttecl. a...n3; offence o.nd we thorcfo:rc qunsh his conviction, set e,s::.de hfo sontenco al'ld order his irn.1odio.to roloo..Go utless '.his continued custod;-r is otherwise lm·r.f'ulo 0 Oo ./6 6 6 ,, ~IHfilil~J:elli5:TI=22 ... . ... 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