19951205 TZHC Tabora

;,.ti,,.~ .... f!17''" !'"' .m !;'M:i!i !!;rGii ¢l0'tm11 O~ r.t'AN~~~l'-4 AT TABORA t,.-#~.......t : i r . . - ~ ~ ORIGINAL JURISDICTION (~ORA REGISTRY) CRIMINAL SESSIONS CASE NO. 95 OF 1990 THE l~PUi3LIC VERSUS 1. H:'JJIJ:t SitLill1 2o DCY.!:O ISINB!~ 3. K.ilZIMCY.£10 MSENGI 10 4. Bf.G;~L..:\ Iv.N,\f'il)Jl J :.J D G :i:1 E H T ~.:;nc,:Q...,. •• _,... _JI ~-:a_... :,, ...... ~.... at.-:a-..lCll The three accused ;:,crc;on.s, Hadija Salumi Doto Simba c,ncl Knzil:icto Nsengi st2.nrl charge~l vri th the murder ti J:i.do.i Mtungo. c/s 196 of the Penal Coc1.e, It is allege,l by the Republic tho.t the homicic~e :i.11 c:uest:i.on was committed by the accused persons on or about the 20th day of Feb:cuary1 1990, at Hwamo.12- Village in IguneD. District. There is no controversy reg2.r:~i11g the death of the late Jidai Mtunf~-3.c He was killed by crir.1ino.l elements at night while he vo.s asleep :i.:.1 hi.s 20 house. · Hadija :Salltm, first c,cuused 1 witnGsscd that murderous ntt:i.ck on her husbnn :1. She co.vc evi::lcn~e on oath th'.'1.t t:1e c~e •eased D.nC: her:3clf were asleep in their 1Jec1.roon vr~10~1 :Jurgl:1.r3 strucko They sm:>.d_e:~ 2.. Hi:: ::c'.: · through which they entered the houseo It is in her cvi.::lenco th::-.t sb.c was awakened by the violent ·entry of t~1e ullcc5c::l bur3lars; she saw o. nr.11 hacking h~r hus;Ja11:l to :"ce:,'.th c..s she vioko up. She wo.s 'ordcrcj tc rer.i3.in quiet in bee: from wher0 si1e sc..w the Gruesome rnurier being ')OF.imi ttede .Ac~or::ling to her only one of scvcr::-.1 people she lC1.bled C\.S robbers entere-::l. I the house,, She so.i•; hir.1 etr1:1ec.l with an axeo They hc-.d a torch o.s well. The ?right ligh (. ~r:1 the torch was shone in her fil~e. She swore, however, tlmt s.1.e couLl recoc;nize the killer of her husb3.nd because a lamp wo.s burnil:g wr..en the allc:;ed bur8lo.rs broke in.· The person she saw, she se.id, wets Doto Q!J71bc.., the second .:i.ccusecl who frequented her village in se.:trch of mc.ize, etnd tho.~ the second m:m remained outside., It is in her evidence the.t the killer wctlked. nwo.y throuc;h the front ' door which wo..s bo:1ted from insideo She denied. thnt she hnc.l hired the ·second .:1ccusecl to kill her husbru1,l because of c. nntrir.1onioJ. :i:·ift between them. The record shows tho.t the first accused, coul·:: not Bet acsisi::o.nde from· :'lnyone immediately because she and her ne:i.3hbours live for €'.pc.rt" wo.ilin 0 ; I told her to lot m~ uourn r.1y f",thcr 1 a e .: 0 There is another f;-ct,;r which oh 1)ws thnt t~rn co;1 .!uct of the fi:rst accused imr.1er~i::-,toly nfter th:,t ;,;ru::isouc horJici'~o W''.s C'.)nsi.st<.mt Hith guilty cr.mscience c- Li!rn in ~o.Y.o~J~~c_cp_t::. .C]-1;i;L,i:: ;. : .&. :''.!1:).~:-1.0?='_ {~1978 J Lit.r n.11, the first ,:tccuso-lpratJ.mded to her s:-n (7-.'lt) ,".n 1. to P·!5 th,t she di:1. not kn01·1 t!1e pco:1lc who h·1. .1. s'.:l.~e[;ely killo-1. her hust:.n-:c. 7cur d~ys lntar when she wr-.G :::-.rrcste:'.:. aw tolrl P 16 wl:o reco:.· .:o~l her confc.s.si:in th,:tt the dece2se•:~ w:--.s killc: 1. by her co-:.cci..l.soc. :,arsons., Sc:, t;:1?.t while she p:·we an entirely incrc·1.i~Jle nfrry to her s n ,.n-.: to P1/5 ·J.t hi.s first Yi.sit to 10 the scene of crir.10 tl-:-:--.t d.-;.c c'..ic: net :::nrn,i the ~.1u.:.'<crors o: her hus'.Jnn~1., she ch:::tnge:l. tho..t .sbry in hGr con:fer;Gion,. Ln.l 1k0re::i.s i:1 the confes.sion she n::.rrr1.tos her own p::crt in the pl:-•.n which s:1e ::.ppcnrs to hc.ve h2.tc:1ed, ') , she recc.nts wh'.'..t she sD.id in her ccnfession w::icn she r:;o.ve evLlence in her defence; EJ1c thr')WS o.11 the Ll.:'.1,10 on the other o.ccused ~)erson.,. I fi11c1.. the first o.ccuaed' .s dcnfo.l .:i. r.1erc l·:st minute f,::-.ce-snvine defence. I cJn satisfied th.::t the direct ::m~'. circur,1Gt2.nti.::Q cvi:~ence nc;.::dnst her cannot be e}(,'.11:-tineJ on 8.nY hypothesis tmn her guilto 'E1.::i.t circumstnntial evidence fully corro:)or,:,.tcs the firot c.ccu.seJt s confession. The second accuse.::l h'..\.s denic:l that he s'li1.l wJ10.t is contnine:l in his 20 0xtr:--.-ju-'.id..::tl st.~tcmento He sir.;r:c1 it o.lric~J:-.t but it does not bear a certifico.to by the justice of the pence who rcc0rlcd it to tho effect tho.t he reet,·~ ov0r the stc,temen-t t0 =iiri to soc if it 1N::.s correct. This is an irrcgul.:u-ity which h:.:ys f:,u;1l to ho.vo no f~t~.1 cffec;t on tho confessiono the secon:: 0.::.11.~ ·bo th:Lr~: ,"..ccuso:!. lJcrsons in the s::-.iJe w~y r>.s her confessi.Jn,. SiiJil::rly tho so cone'. ..-'.ccus(; ·ltt c-:-mfesci,,n incrimin:·.tes the other ::·.ccusc:I. It iD 110\v .-:-. trite rule of pr:::.ctico, ::i. o-:.mfGssicn of a co ... o.ccus::;•:l will not foun·'.. .:i. .saun·~ convictic.n without corrobcrnticn. Such evidcmcc is nut 1"-;.nt:L.'1.r: -:-.t nll• Thero is i~1 thiG c01-:ncction the eyi·1cnce D/Cc:?l~ Nnth.:i.niel (P.·.Q) Musa SnluL1 (FW2), :J.i fJ71.ri (~·15)~ D/Ccplc N~.thx1iel testified thnt the second c.ccusc·: infnrme~: hit:i th:'..t h13 w30d the axe (ExhoPl) to kili the dec0-~.s0'.i. This :cstimony tics up very_ woll '.vith who.t the second accused sb.bd in his cxtr.:1. ju::licinl st.'.:ltem011t., I ho..vc r.-J.re--:rly hcl:l that t~w socon·:1. ,7.CCW3G -~ volunt::trily disclos0r1 l)l:-,c,1s Hhcrc tho s::i.i:-.: nxe nnd the: dcc0Qscd' s r.:--.:-~i::, c.n' clothes hn·: 'llee.mhL~-ic:.10 FWl testified further th·'.t tho soc-::ird ::i.ccuco~ s,d. l tc hfa1 th-:-.t be cloth~s und r.::tdic l ... the r.ioney wa.s seize,_1_ froi:1 his houseo No ITI'Jney w:-ts produced in Court a.s nn exhibit. Now who is tellini:~ the truth beh1een the o.ccused .:md the v:-1rious prosecution witnesses reG•'lrdinc; where the nxe, the cluthes nnd tho ro.c.io set were f:)un 17 Of course the <'.ccused h,:-.s no duty to prove wh:.-,t he .:i.J.leceso It is the duty of the prosecution tc prove who.t they c,llecco I:tJ. this beli.:-'.lf I h.:1.ve 0.:msiclered the testimony of R!2 and Pl-73, :peorilc who ho.ve n~t:1ins to do with the c:lseo They h.:i.ve no interest wh<'-tevcr b these proceedings. I ho.1 nople opportunity to obserTe ther:i in the witness b.,x o.nd I 110.ve no c1.ou:ct a.bout their -.:.· credi'.)ility. I ~1:l s,'.l.tfafie,'. th-'lt they tole: the truth th,:,_t the second 10 nccuse:1 willinL~ly le,: P.-!2 ,:i.nd P-75 to wh-are the :c.xe w.::ts a.n,: l.:i.ter to where the cl,)the:a .:1.nd the rr.:lio set were foun.l. I find ns n fact, therefore, th:-.t it w::-..s the socon< ::'.ccused who lo:: the Police Officers to where th:? o."'.)o-..re,.,r.1c:,ti: 1:ei e;:.hi:)itG were recovered. 1 There o.ppc6.rs tn bo so::10 confusion .::.bout the dnte on which the recoveries were mo. l.co Pl·Jl o.n•_1. P:15 nllece th::t it w,,s on 24th Februa.ry, 1990; P.:72 :url F-1:!3 s.-:'.y it w,-.s on 2nd M'l!'ch, 19900 On his p:i.rt the second accused testific~l th-:.t ho w:-'.s lerl from I.:;-u.nc;.'.'. Police st.:i.tion to where the exhi;:,its ivcro fc,U11..l~ It is not likely th::'.t t!1e recoveries were ma.de ~n 24th Fotru:-.ry 1 1990, bccnuso the ctccuse:'l'. )ersons i-10re t.:?.ken 20 to Igi.mgv. ic.,'W3 -~i:·.tcly 1.fter their ~~rest. In these circur.1st.:-tnces, the correct :::·.tc en which t~10 recoveries were m1.d0 w;,.s the ;bcl d,'.'..y of M-trch, 1990. The vo..rious ~:::hi:· its v0r0 irlontifi_erl by s.:1.lum JL1.:-.i ( P.-Jl~) as '!:>einc the IJroperty of hiG 1:--.t';J f:--.t~1cr which were stolen ,~urin~; o.n·'. in the 4k>urse of the r.1ur ~orou.:, r::-.i 1. w:1ich left his f,,ther LlG;-,.::1,, I fim: th.::i.t fnct to he beyond c.lisputo • There iG evi,:cnco t~1:::_t i:1 the Lurse of intervicwin0 them Stn/Sgt._ Lean::·,rd (P:J,5) diaccverc~i. t:r.t the first '.:'.11'~- secon_l o,ccused persons were willi1113 to iJ::-.lrn oxtr:-. ju.:ici -:-.1 st.::-.terncntsfj He sent t:1er.1 to Jurno.nnc Saidi I(o.tun::;:--. ( F1 ·.'6) who ;,;:-.s t:1cn the Justice of the po::ce in the nren. P.-!6 h:i.s testificr.1 thr.t the first ,'1CCuscd w,.s tdrnn tc hi□ in the afternoon of 24t:1 ?cbru~~ry, 1990, on t~lC c:-:-.y she v;r:s o.rreste--l, by , l w.-P. N:~ryc He c:.iscl,"-r.:;.) ..l tho co:n.sta1.:lc to ci. dfat.~mce she 11:iul:..~ not heo.r o.ny conversci.tit n b:::twocn him '.:.lld the first ::i.ccuscdo He then a.sked the suspect if she h::-lc: volunteere:l to r::1ck0 o. confessiono.l statement; sh: sc..id thc.t s..'10 '\:l,-:tG willin::;. He s::i.w no fresh woun.:c or sc~.r,s or bruises or o.ny other B::trk of Yiolonce on the uncoverec.':. p'\rt of her bor:1.y0 It is in tho testir,1ony of P:16 th2.t the suspect .::i.ssurcd hir.1 thc.t no pror.1isc of favour or nny thre.::..t he..-::. been held out t0 her :1.s c.n indu*Gr,i.:mt to m:uce 4o J . ... She lmd to sen.:1. n chil~l to inform her nci.3hbour, one Kulubone, after the killinG h.:i. ~ been executed .::tnd the killer he.Wini; walked o..wc..y. Her son, So.lum Jidcti (P\<14), wc..s 1:iot nt home the.t night, he learnt of the killi..."1£; on the followb,s ·l.:i.y• He returnee. home i.11Jmede2.tely• His mother was o.t home when he returnetlo Contretry to what she swore in Cc-urt PH4 GC:id th:i.t his mother told him thn.t she could not recognise tho killers of t:10 ,.1.ece'.).se·~~o . A"'lr:1., .. ~thouBh the first accused c...;1 . denie'.l th-:ct there wore 1~r.trir.1011inl conflicts between her arn.1. the :lecensed 1 her son testific:l th· .t th0re were r.1?.ny qu~.rrels_ soon before the decensed wo.s killc:1. Bot:::i cother c.n,1. s0n nre n.r~reec.l, howei.ror, thc..t the decc'l.sed' s 10 bo ly bore Oi.lt woun.Js on the forc:w---:l 0.11::l the b~uk of tho neck• 1 It is u.nclisput2d th:.-•.t t:w deoc.:'.Gt:d 'lied. <"'.3 n result of_ shock o.ml secondary ho.c1:1orrr. .o..Gc ·'.ue to cut h'ouni!s. The obo-re cc.use of den.th is estn.blished by the r.ie-iicnl cvit:onco of Dr. J.nQ Gor.1:)nnilletJ.1 who conr~ucted the post mortei:1 cx.:-.;.1inc..tion of the dece,:sccl' s body. In :::l(1.ition to the killin~; the first nccusecl. a.llei;ed tho.t the burglars Dtolc uoncy frD:.1 benco.th the bee: in which the deceased wns sleepinc; the first c..ccused h:1c.: her ovm bed. In the lons run the 1:10.tter re:tche::l. the Poli~e Force. A report re132..r'.li110 the killi.rir; w::-.s nnde to Stn/Si;t. Leonetrd ( PH5) o.t Su..llgWizi 20 Poiit~ Post ~;:1er0 ho w,:,.s the Officer Cor:n:10.n~lin0 sto.tion ( OCS). He rei8ivcc.l the rG::;ort nt 9,00 cl.d:1• on 20th Fc1Jru:::ry, 1990, by wo.y of a letter ,·1hich v:~r, written by the Hiz..:i.nz~ Villa[;e Secreta.ry., The killer or killers .. h:c-·l r.ot boon knoun to the Polioo by th:,,.t tiri1e1 He nonet::ieless rlccLle·l to 1risit +11~ scene of the o..lle3ed murder; he wr:ts n.cco1~1.:i.nic :l by ot'.10r Police Officers on thnt ilwcstig:ition tripo On ./ ' . urrivo.l :-it t:-:e sccr~e t:1ey 1:wt the leco::'.s01..::.t s win:low, tho first accused. An excu~~itnti:m of t:10 con/mm·~ w~.r, m~1-'.e ::-.ni:l he w::-..B shown the window which 1::n.s ctllec(;r'..ly r.,;:1r.10:l o,en .::i.n·l throw~h which the killers entered th , 1 t'aeir ·. e h ouso t o c.1.cco1:1~,1 1&1 • I - on t erpr1sc ' crininn.1 • .. He entered the room in which the •:lo?G;--.s€d 1 s body wn.s lying. He cxr.i.□incd it o.nd saw the seYercl cut woun :~G on the hoo..c. nnc:'. on the leG.s• i,fter those . . inV€sti,•EJtivc prel1n1.nnry . •.· -~" ,r. stc:._:is he returned to his stntion. He formed the fo1pression, however, that tho killinc w:::..s o.n inside r;i'.:.tter. So homicide he returned to the scone of the . . on 24th Fcbru::-.ry, 1995 and arrested the first nccuse:1. She vJ.'.ls taken t0 o. justice of the _pen.e3 before whc1:1 she m2..,·k :J.n extr.".l.-judicfo.l st2..te1:1ent, ir.1pJ.icating the se~ond o.nd third accused persons. l'..s ci. result of tho.t statenent the second a.ccused nnd the third nccused were arrested on tho sn1;1e dny after they were i:lentified to the Jlice Officers by Muse.. S."llura( !Jl,i2) • . 4o ... "" The Police Officers seized ci. sum of Shs.68,000oOO from a hrm,1bo.g which wc.s suspon 1.c:! of the secon· ~ c.ccused rs bicycle cm,1. o. further su;.:i of Shso500o00 i-1.::i.s seized fro1:1 his person. No e1oney wets found on thG person or in tho :possession of tho third c.ccused. Doth these accused persons were sullscqucntly le~l c.\Kty to Ic;unc0. Police stc-.ti011 • .'\nothcr investic,,tive trip was rr.::~e on the 2n-1 do.y of Morch, 1990. 11.li !:.Dri (R!3), c.. ncsr.cnc;cr in t:10 office of tho \·Jard Executive Offi~ar 1 wo.s in his office thnt ·1_::-,y when ~.t noon he W'."'.s visite..:1. by n tenr.1 of Policor::cn fro:·1 I~U21''.'"'- n.ccon;_~'."'-Ilfo ~ by t:ie SUh,sl•iizi ocs. They had with ther.1 the .soccnJ 2..ccu.sci J_)Cr.;;'.)n. The police tcc.r.: W,:.s looking for t!1.: 10 v1o.rd ~xecutive Officer, but he w·ts not tlrnre. So they :-..r,ked Pl·J3 to accor.i:;:io.ny tlrn::1 to ··, ~o::;ti"1.:.ti::m th ,t turne..:l out to be tlw scene of the murc!.Gro On nrrivc..l therG t>.cy fnL11·1. a drowd of people; but ho.ving alightedfroD the noter ve>.icl;; wbich took tholi1 t:1ere, the Police teo.m wa.s le').d by the second r:ccused to n rocky plo.ce ne:;:crby. Accordin,3 to PW3 the accuse:1 wo.s lendin3 the wny an-:.l he (P1:l3) wns next 1)ehind him; the Police Officers followed behind hirJ ( P1.Y3) o Other people joinc :l the colunu. The soconc':. nccused I s h:i.n~ls were h::i.n'.l-cuffed nt thnt tiE1e., PW3 wc.s 0111pha.tic, however, thnt the so'1mirl nctuso:t w.-.s not forced to do nnythinr;. .t.t the r:::,cky pl,-:,ce there wo.n " sr.1::,.ll bush nnd in thnt 20 bush an exe w:'.S recovered; it hr:rl whnt lookec: ljjcc :Jlood stains on it. PWJ., PW3 nn:i Pl"15 said in their evLlence th·lt the s0•'.)ll'l ,'lccused told them thnt th:,t W:J.s the o.xc with which he killed tl1c de~e.':lse~~. Thc..t axe wo.s tcn·~cre:l in cvic'.cn·cc ::-,s Exh.Plo L'':br on i.'1 tho CY~nir..:; of tho snmc :!.-::,_;-r the p,,1ic0 to.::-.;:i, second ::,_ccusecl c.n ·l .'J.i .'Jill'i ( ::?1.· 13) returno'l to / Mus:-. S.::lum ( P-.~); t~10:r r.oked hir.1 to witness L'.w:,thcr o-.;.-c11t o He boD.rded the :-.1otor v0!1iclc w1-J.ich wets -::1.rivcn to tl10 seccnd ::tccui;,e l Is ~)nddy f::irm. It is the tcsti;-:cmy r,f P\!J.i PH2, PU3 an~l PW5 th:.~t t:ie se•.Jn1~ .:tccused procoeckd to .:i. !10,~.1) of :pncl,_ly st::tl.ks :i.;_1 his fo.r1:1 un :er w~1ich he unearthed Tl10 .Kilindo _...._·•·•·-"' ,_., cont.'.lino::.l clothes and n radio c.:-.sscttc; n::U]cly, three co,~,ts, three p::tirs of long trousers nnd four shirts which P.D. ton::ered collectively as Exh.P.2, and n. radio cassette with s.Jrio.1 No,0044604 which wc..s ten.lerod .::ts Exh.P.3~ All the prosecution ,·dtnonscs who testified r01so.r..1in 0 this m4tter were unanimous th::.t the second ~ccused willingly led the Poli4a team to his paddy fntm ~cl 1:0 the heap of po.ddy stalks under which exhibits P2 and ,F~ were recovered. The s0cond accused does not deny th::tt the nx0, the clothes and the r,:-:.dio set were found where the prosecution witnesses s--:..y they were. He denies that he le:_l them to those pluccso He only admits thnt 4o ... ... the stnter.1:,mt. He w~s therefore s·:..tisfie l t'.1::..t r:,he W'1.B !}. free ncent. He followeJ sC1.Ji10 proceclurc in rcs:"Ject of the secon.: c.ccu.scd .:m:l he \·ms likewise satisfied th.:-:t the secon l c..ccused h:.td ;Jillin[;ly vclur..teero::l to mo.kc .::t oonfe.ssionc'.l. st:'.tement. He rccor(lccl th:) tt-10 st·~tci:i,mts 1vhich he tendered ~s exhibits ii1 8Vi··lence i1S f,)llci·rs: :J1:h.?4 is the 8xtr:t- juJicic>.l 1st~tce1ont of the first .,ccusG·.l r:uK1. 'Exh.P5 is tho c::tr,:-.- tjudicinl st::-,touent of t:.10 secon:: .:1.ccu,3e .lo T.10 Hitness re"•.: the two str.ternents cut in Court. Thore is 11'.) 1,Jubt the.:!; tho t~•D st::.tcr.1onts cont-~in unqu-:i.lifi:cd c.:mfessions. 1'.) decec.sed, of uh-,i'.1 tho firF>t 'xirnc is ,'. son u~-:>" is :'..lso :1::-.rrie:l with three children. Three of their Jr,n:-:,htcr.s ,--.re c..lso m'lrri.Jd in respect of whom c.. subst:cnti2.l nw:ibcr of he['.:l of c::i.ttle Here p.:lid n..s dowry. The dece~1.se~l wo.s a pocr 1:,..'1.n when he got m.1.rric,.1 to the first c..ccusecl. She joi..'tle:1 him i..'1 r;r:triucny with fairty he.'l::l of cnttle to her credit,· property whic::i she ht'.rl i:n.11&rite'1 fr0m her L:-.te f.::i.ther. The couple lived ·pencefully for c.11 their u:,rried life except for the l:::tst four yec-..rs iinmodintcrlt': befr.rc the ,lc::dsa of the ' 1ece::i.sc:.l. She allec;cs thc.t the clece::tscd chnnsccl his bch::viour .:tm'. bec:.'ne vory c--1:mressive, Durins tho. t time every quc-.rrel en·.:ed with her beinz~ .'.'l.ssctul tec.1 2.11:l this 20 beco..r.1e very frequent. She o.ttributed the c.:.tuso. of tha and]nas quctrrels nncl fi5hti;.1g to the rlece.::sc Jt s jc~ousy; he beG;:cn tro.cine hur movements as if she w~s still a. girl; he lest f::>.ith in her chnstity completely. Their lo.st yo.Es of n;:,rri::cse bcc:--.□ e very turbulent in:1.ee,:~ These problems were cc-i:1pow1rled by the clccc::-..sc-1 1 s refus:i.l to nllcw the first nccuseJ tc, have Ctt;cess t0 ho:r h::n 1 of c;,ttle even when she w.::tnted to r.1cet b.::i.sic need:,. Sho ~1.iscover0rl t!r.t the. -~ecoacc,1 W'ls bent on disenti tling her of her hc-:-,-.1 of cC1.ttle which, toccther ivith tac .bwry, were 200 in all. She soon on tc sbto tl1.:1t the cw:11:n.un.tive effect of these misun 1.erstm !inr,s cro::t..::: :'.nr.;er .:"'.lld ~.1.eGj?Cr(1tio11 in her boco.use 1_ of the tot.:1.l of 200, S:.18 t."'."•. l 20 :.1s her i1ers~:1:u property. In or-~ler i:) get rid of the cruelty she .sufferrec~ o.t the nc..nds of the clcceo.sed sl1e decided to recruit c.:mtr:.1.ct killers in these words .::i.s they o.ppc:i.r tt pnge 3 of her confo.ssioncl sta.toment: ... 11 • . . ICutok:u1,~. n-:t ma.uc.1hi yn kin-:lo, vile vile ten- :o l.:l r.in.rehe:-iu kut:;ka kuni.:lhalumu mctli yc,n_-,;u i tok,.r,.o.yo nc.. uri thi i-f'.';11[,"U kwn rao.reher.ru. b::,::1.-;,. y-'....rlf.U :i.J:1c11ifo.ny::. nifikie u,.muzi wo. kuf.::i.nyn r.ibinu Z<'-'- kumuu.:i. mumc w::..!1gu ili nic.11JokQ11c 11~'- rpteso y~~ kircho na kilm,.rili 4o .-:;:.:i':xJ.:y-;;i m:trehemu c..mckuwet nk:inifn:;.1yin ., •• :i • She stntcc tlrt ~he first pr:Jblc1,1 which f:tcc'.l her in ii~plcmcntin:,; h0r plan W•':'.8 t:) !,.Jt :!_)copl.) u~w hD.d the courngc tu do the j~)1.). She w:1.s consolei by .-:-.n oL'. ,.,_..x1.:-.n sl.10 11,'.'j.:Ct'. :-1.s Iic; 1 wc.n::.i1yt:n·lc. whc 1,ro□iscd to r;ot the killcrth Tho bro wo1:on ;:1,'.'!t three Dcnthc bcf ')ro tho killinc of the decc~se _l... 1 Ii. D:~nth a:'ter t::,.t 1;1ectin~ the first ,-:-.ccusecl met two r:1en Hho iclentific-:.~ themselves D.s h:wins bcE:,.n sent by t:1r.: s.:ti:: NGrwru.1-:mpn'.ln ix) execute h0r r1~.ns~ She n::-.1::es t~10s0 ~1001]10 .:::s bcinc Doto K:7~,ndo. ::i.nc'l 1-~pom:."J.mCUi Q Pon~~"sr:-.li \<:~n r-.rc rN;idcnts -::if :',1iz.:-uz::. Vill2.,1_;;c, Mwisi War1. The two men o..re ,'.:'.lle •:c,l to l1;·v.:.: 101:·:ln;~c:~ a su;;1 of Shs.13(),000.00 but n bnr5~.in w::s struck ~·.t o. cu;1 of B11.s.100,on0.,oo. :.n ~.::-:v:-ncc of Slis,~4,oco.'J0 10 vr.s :Y:ir1. t: t~101:J t1vt wcolrn 1-~tcr i·:l1il::l tho -:lec2•.,3e::~• ,s mc'rcr}cnts wore bei..110 tro.1~-:. I-Io ,r .1:; o. c,:::.ttle 11.'."'.\•1:ccr, 0 G:: it w.~.s '.1.eci kd tc sc:int on him o..t cattl0 o..uctions uhich v:ero hel:l ·,t i."?..:d~,us r,l'.:lcOGo In the meantime shG gave tho i'.'l.'·.n of the house, nnr: nc\·J the :xds t-1cr0 n.rrr:u1;~e: ·l, to the nlloGed contro..ct killerr.;., \·)hen ffa:clly tb.0 )lnns wore 1:m:-:>lete l the dece::.sed wo.s h':lckec: to de:::.tll in the circw11st,-:,.ncos o.s :let::-.ile:l by the first D.o.Jused in her confession:- :; •. , ·Tt.lli.shi tuk:: ki-,c: kiGhir..,lo ch2. kJ.::_:iic:, c!irish~. ::u:~1:"J.lo lilian::;ukfo. nde:.nio t•:.:trohcrnu rn.u:10 w.'.".ncu c.liuliz:i. 'Nct.t,i huyo'i' b.::i.t;:,. ka.::lD. h,'.~,:.f:.ny;., 20 lolote: 1:1tu t:'..li13...~:..,in_sfa ndr-~ni n:-. 7ochi ycnyo mwGnee: rnknli :iki turnikc., nko.mpi~:-'1 mw:K, wo..n:;u Ghdco.. lea usoni, n:.1 le:. pili mkononi ki&111. 1r.rel10ti1U ;-,.lietnc;uko.. mui::c nk:Ccfn. I·:tu yul() ru.iycj_ngir~ :>1:l:.:u:i h:tkm:.:i. n~ t:.chi r.J.iki..:.':1'.°'.. a!dtmlikiHr.. n-·. mwcnzio kH-:-.. lm1)i ti,:;. -::lirisl10. lililo!i:-.m;:-t w:->.zi., Y1ao \\'':, n·~r-J1i r...ilint:1.:n'!.)ua So the killer cJ.loc;o ·lly ;:,ro~~G int-) tho house th:c · u · ,:.1 the winJow -:m1 0 executed their crir.1ino.l 1~i3sion w:i.t:.1 precisiono Thcre::.fter the killer wnl.ke('. out of the hom,c th.r(",UGh the front doer. But before this was done tho killers ~o:;r.:1::e,l 'l)he.ir du::is. Tho first .::.ccused. statea that was she hosit.:i.ted to c;iv0 them tho money. She [fl.Ve in after she/warned against ,-,ci..iatinc; th0ir time; RO she informed them th:1.t the money wc..s unclernec::tth the .:lcce::i.scd' s bed. She e.stim:i.ted th,,t the money she huncled tlian to the hired killers wns more/c.. sum of Shs.100,00J.OO. Fron then on Jidni Mtu.nen belonged to tho o._sGs• It is 011 account of the first nccusod 1 s incrimin.::.tinc stc1tement that t:10 second and the thir~l accused persons were o.rresterl.~ C'..ccortlin3 :\s P:15 testified. She endoc~ her testimony with a note of remorse. I -I !rn his o~:tr!". ~u:1.,ici."'l ato.tem~nt t,o'hci !{nycm.d~ l"eYoa!s thClt the thir(1 ·[:.ccuse"l is his br)thcr-in-lo.i-1; th::tt he knows the rlececsed 1 s uilY'low ( firot ncc:isc:i) W!l::> is his dist.met relo.tivo. He did not know her until 1939 when his fctthur intro':luced h(~r tu him; th::,t the said NG' w'.l:.1:J.l<::ty,n';;,,::c is his 1:r_, torn::tl uunt. He ,·li'l not knm-1 the ..:ecensetl, he Dob Knyc n::::. st'.b.s th· 1.t ho nn.'. Hnclij.:-1 SO.luri1 met o.c,::nn sor.ie time ::.n Fe::;ru,ry, 19$0, '.'.s he •..r":>G canine: fr:-;i:i ~, :)1,~cc c.:-.llcc~ Nldn::::;n. This time he i:;e:t :1cr r c 2. ::::dzc mill c-t Sungwizi where sho lr.rl e;one to Grind hi:re to kill her hus::..'.'11';0 He ,1.ller:es th'.'.t she insiste,.~ to the seconrl nccusecl to 'lo -'.:;ho jc !) hi!:;s'.:)lf for n....'1.y payment .f.or which she wns reo.jyo He o.,skc·-' her tc-. civo him til:1c :L1 which he wn.s t;: consi-::cr the m:i.tter. ) I Two do.ys lo.tr1::~" ~.rtor he h~-"1 r.J"'Lle U:i,) his nintl b bke up the offer, he went to the fil'."st 2..ccu::,c.:t G villo..ce to look for m::dze. Ifo met her request wh:.lc she wc..s occc.rtinc; hi1;10 She 11:~rro.ted her m,:i.trimoni.'.lJ. problems to him, sobbin..:; cul the time, nnc1. th'.'.t her husbo.nd wns about t.:.kinc; o.. second wifo., Tho first .::-..ccuscd offerc<l 25 he::tc.l of cuttle us a 11ricc ,for her husbo.n·.:. 1 c life. The second J.c~used dccli;,1cJ to take the 20 cattle beco.uae su-.1:len o.cquisition of so me.my he."'.<l of c,·.ttlc \-las bound -iG> r.'t'..i.sc s11,3~1icir;nso They sottlo;l o..t a sur,1 of Shao3;i) 9000.00 0 On the a.grcec':. (o.to, o.fter the ·:oceno:d h.:-.d returned frc.m the c.::.ttlc .:1.uction, t~10 soconc~ accuse.:!, who h.'.'.d nllc~ccUy i-•ccruitcc1.. tho thir:l ,'.'.ccusc~l, went to the plnce where ho .'.:'J.1·~'s tLc first C'.ccuG8t; :1:\'-1. .:::c;rGu -1 to 1:10.)t or.. 19tl1 Fo:)ru:try~ 1990~ :fo .st!".t0.s t:10.t ti10y 1.rrivccl there r.tt o.bout 7.";:JJ Pc mo They ko:?t vicil till OloOO n<,mo next •.l'.'.y when tho fir Gt accused show:::d up. She sc..icl their nra'.'.11:i h::-.,1. c.rrivc:1.. 0.11-~ t~nt ho vrs sound 17.slcoj) bcc::usc he HC.s ~'_·cu:il.~o Th0y s.'J.L! they were hu_n.Gry; so Hadijn Salun rc;t,r.•noc1. };.'.)n:c to coll~ct some foo:~, nilk c,;.1d pieces of moat. Only tho scc::m ;l o.ccusc .!. o.te: t11~~.t foo:l. Thereo.fter tho first .'.lccused who h::;c.:. i.l torch ler. the w2cy br'.ck to her house. The first o.ccused ha.cl left the c:oor open; t;,1.e third c..ccusccl rernaincC: outside ttt,ldng guo.rd us the first and .second :::.ccusecl persons Cj,1tere :l the house through the door~ The scconj o.ccuGod Goes on to detail the remainin~ part of the chilling mission in the follm-Jins words o.t p::tee 6 of his statement:• 11 o• • Tukiw:1 mle ndo.ni :.DIJlt SALUM o.linimlikio. o.k:D.nionyesh.:i. murncwe o.mbnyc ulikuwo. kitD.ndnni ho.do amelo.lc:t tu nncJwromn kwa usingizi wa ulevi • o • mim:L nili tupn sholo l,'1 kwnnzo. bl,c;.,mfilfin usoni, kish.::i. nikC1.c11.delec.. kumka to. mn,shok~., h.:tcli m.:1.r0her.1u .?k-:.011,;uk, ch:i.ni kutcko. kito..nd::::..11:i., ni!.~.:--n11ll:tli?.io h!:'.·li o.J.mf.:1. ••• n. The .:lccc:--.se::l \'lD.s cut c".ovm on the ho.,rl et.ni other ~).:u-ts of the body with an nxe. :,ftcr tl~e killin:;:, the secon 1 o.co:ised socs 011 7 the first a.ccuse<:L advisa.::~ thorn to fe:i. 1.::1 :1 rol':,cry by t,.:dw; s ?:10 '. i the decen.sed 1 s cl ·-t:1es demnnd0:-: m.. ncy he :1" _: bco:n ~;r ·Di.so 1. She climbc·'. ,·n the :locc:J.sed1 s b'3d o.n·l ~~ulJ.0~1. o. vr-.~~ ,r cur~tc:1cy 1: .ton fr ,i:1 tho ccili11;_; ::111.'. h:.n :o.J tho m:.moy 10 tt, th.::mc By thi.s tL:o t~1c thir: .'.:'lccuse:: is o..ls,:; a.llcrsecl t- have entered the h:--use. ,s;.10 succc :.c.: i:1 ::-cr,s-u'c.rli;.1~ then t. sn-:i.sh the window t_, feicn a violent :mr:;lc.ry; t'..1ey :1.i ·l so., She rror.1ise~l tr hi-:.le the ::i.xc th:.1.t 1:ms usec1. in tl1e kilJ.il1f, anr1. tllc, cl -other-: c.n-~ the r,,:lio set herself• ·She th::m esco.rtec:. then from t118 hcus0 o..n·l .roturno.:l. therein shortly thereafter. Ne:k,t 1:i:)rninL; when tl1ey counted thu mcmcy t:1cy foun·.1. only Shs .. !Sl,520o00o He st:1tes th-"t the t:.::.ird nccuse,J clecl:i.ne ~ to toke 2..11y of th:,.t m'.:>ncyo He wo.s tc: t::-.kc his .sh:::.rc .::-,::te:r t:10 ·::ust hc.c1. scttlc,l dc,wn. 1:Jhcn Jur.n.ii.nc S,icl:L Kn.tonG:, (Pl·!5) cav-e his tcatimony 7 p,~rticu.lo.ry his acdount rc.}".r:lin.:; the 111::-,kin::; to hir:1 of tho st,·.to;::ents by the fir.st :-:,.n::. the 20 zcc0;1 _: ::i.cci_:_so,1 :;_:ors-ms, w::-.s n )t chi~llenc~'Jd by c.:r:..y of ihc two learned defence c0u21selo Hera im:1ort:mtly, none cf le.::i.rn~.d counsel r.::tisccl objecti::m to tl:..e pr'.)rluctLn in evi :ence · cf th,)sc confe:,si:m:::.1 stc,tei:1cnts,, 1'Il1en th(: first. ,::,.ccusc.:: c-::.v-e cvickmce~ hctrnv0r, s:.1a s~.i:: n.,thin:~ a.bout the extr.'.'.-ju~'.ici::-.1 Gt:.'.tenent., She gayc testii:iony which is incosistent with t:.1:-.t e1:tr::.-ju:'.icic.l Gtntcm::mto On his ::;::i.rt the sec·.::11'~ nccuscd 'Jonied t'.) h,,ye s,i·.1. ,-rh:--.t is c,,nt:iino,1. in the c:ctrn.-ju.lici::--..1 Gt:'.tcmont wr.ich is o.ttrib1:tc-cl t-:, hitlc. :'."ot r . onc of tho hro .::tccus.::i.: lX)rs-:ns c::-.ve o..ny renson why ,Jur.nm1c s.~.ic1.i l~C'.. tonri;:--. ( 2·I6) 1 t:10 justice -.:, f fae por,ce, should lie counsel for tho firat n.ccune-1 ,11-~ Hr. i-1.".imm::., lc'.l...."'l.1od counsel for the second an:l the thirJ o.ccusod en how ho went about recor::.ine the statements. I ::i.m s'ltiofied fron the nnm-,crs he :~~-ve, a.nc~ ,lcmco.nour he shm·TeLl G:.s he c;c.ve evi-:lence, th.'.'.t indeed he rccorde,·l the two statements. Some of tho questions SUG~ested th~t the accused persons were tortured bcfcrc they r.1ac:.e the extr~-:.-juclicir.u. stn.temcnts, but the witness r.efuted thc..t o..ny of the two accused pors::ms h'.:'..d cor:1pla.ined to hir.1 thnt they hnd been cssnulte:l. In fo.ct R:6 hn.s tc.stified that he snw no fresh marks of violence on their bo:l.ies.,. .ii.nd 1 quite pertinent DJ.so, is the fnct that neither the first accused r:.or tho second o.ccused 4o hns complnined th::,t they were tortured in nny W.'.'.y o.nrl -t;h,,t they were induced to rnt'lrn th0 sk.tements by re:'.,snn of :~ny tortureo A somcwh,::i.t simil::.r situ·1tion rel[,tin::; to :-'. (')Ol1fc.s::inn occurred. in .'£lle~_J?.i~z:~.~.t.'?..I_'.•?.f.J:u>_J}}~...lJ:'.o.s.<;.?..~\~~'?AE?. ..V. o, }ta.,~~~ ~K,i";,)pP,l2 /}.980J TLR 212. NooJ.1 Kipen;1-1 w.::i.s chnrr;o i in the District Court of I-P.)Gy::'- for un1.1.,-1fully importinc; into To.nz~.nit·, Sl1s.,l+9,ooo.oo in T-:mv.:mfo currency c/s 21(1)(a) of th0 Exch~c Control Or:lin.:mce, C:11,.294, o.n:l p::-..rc..src.j_)h ( 1) ( i) of Part Tw,.i of tho Fir,ht Scho..lulo to t 1.10 s.:ii:1 Or:'.incnce. :icr:0r:..~ing to the evidence in thc.t c-.se one Fr::mk ( ::?l·.C.), o. bri.n.1{ officer, fom1:l the accus0d .:i.t M:)oyci. shortly ,cfter ho ( the o.ccuserl) h.:i.,_1 en tercel Tc.nz,:.,ni.::\ from Z'lmbio. cnrryil1c 8. corto11 in which tha money w:::.s stufic::.o Hhen 10 interroc::i.tecl tho &oQu.sea. S['l.i~1. th2.t ).1a h2..d b:t::iu,j1t the m::mey into Tanzania from Z-'.mbi-::-.. IJoC!.h 1:12..s t.::lren to tho J:blice Stttticn where tho ctii-ton wc.s 1. open. The ,'.".ccuscc:. toLl P.-D. th-:.t he he1.-.l ch.:nr;c~'. the money ::1.t the Z'.li,1bio.n border post of Nclrnnde. Hs:1.nci ( P.·!2), D. senior police_ officer, intorroce. ted Lfoo.h while No.:1h was at tho Police Btc-,tion. The nccused ma.de n st.:i.tomcmt which P1:l2 recorrlcd and whic!-1 Hoah sic;ned., Pl:12 [f-We a. copy of tho.t st,1.ter.1ent to Nonh., Pw2 sc..icl tlnt the Qccusecl consented and wa.s in no wny forced to do BOt The stntcment \·ms .'.'..dmitted as Exh.P4 at the trio.l c..n,i W,'J.S found to cont::dn c-. confession ·by the nccuscd of the offence chcrc;cdo Thc.t stntornent t-10.s n,:-t ch::tllcnced by Hoah ts advocate. 20 But v:hcn No::11 swe evi~lGnco in his defence ho c..llecell that he never r.1:-~rle any statement o..t c..ll to PU2, n:)r rlid he receive c:. copy of such stc:.temcnt., Ji.t the tri:::.1 court No:,ht ,s ~-"1.voc'.":tc su:Jmittcd th:-,t the confession to P1:i2 wo.s retro.etc.:: nn '. therefore "l0rrohor:'.ti~.:.1 1:12..s requireJ. The tri.:u o-:,urt founc1 th:..,t Noah r.:::.:le thG stc,tcrncnt but thnt he 1:.',".s not c,'..l.uti:med before ho .:licl so. Tho tri"."l c::-urt hclct th::..t in those circwwto.110013 the confessi::n w-~s n:,t \v:.i.olly true ::md, therefore, he wouJ.,_: not convict without corro;x,r~~.tion. Eo founr1. n::i corTobor::ti,.,n ,,n:l o.cquittcd the o.ccuso:l. The Rel)ul-lic 2-.~)j_)O:'.lc:'. to tho }Ii[~h Courto It w~..s obs-::-cvo·.: by tho ::i~;~1 Court th:-1.t the entire c·1se for the statement prosecution w:~s b::-.se·l on the . · m':',.(:o by Hoc.h to P\'12 which Noo.h ho.c: rec.::mte :: :i.n court, Tho Ju~1.c;e who ho,~.r -~ the npj_)enl thouc;ht that the issue 1,d1cth.::r tho st:-,tor,10nt w,'.G rr.n.cle v0lunt.::trily w.2s not co.nv::i.ssc.:l c..t the District Court, .::i.rnl ho HC.s not sc.tisfiec1 th::.t tho statement was mo.de Yolunto.rily¢ l-Ie w::..s of tho view tho.t, in c..ny case, ho would no'i h.:i.ve convicte '. witlnut corrobor,"1.tion, o.m: ooulJ find no corroborc..tive <:nric'.cnc0.. He thcr~f,:,re --J.irs□ issc.l the c.ppe::u. 'rne Republic a.ppe.:D.ed to the Court of li.ppc2.l. i1ftcr consic.:crinc the evic~encc tho court of f\.ppe,.1 7 Mustc..frt J. :1. • ., deliverinG tho considered juj13r:ic~1t of the l'.J0urt, saicl. :it ,,c..,r~c 213 t!1nt:- 4o : 1 : .. s we so.i'-1 e.:.rlier, the evi lone'.:! led by the l)rooccution was str-:,.icht forwo.r 1. n-,.1, S a,:Licncc is clc~.r,, It ho.s not '.)eon c:;,:...__llen.:;:c-.l :L."'1 o..ny w-:.y. No::\h n ·lJnittocl to hir.1 th~·t ho hnd brc.ucht the money intc clcnrly c.:1.::1issi'!Jlo. F.12 s-:-..i l Ho.:ch c,)nGcntcc'.. to :::-:i.:d::i,: tl1G st.".t0no~1t .:,ftor ho wr·.s i~1-!::crro~;::to.:., :::o w:::.3 IDt c~u.llon1;od on 10 st:--:;0 tlit:•.t tlw 'lof :::,1ce took u:.., the point tr~'.'.t !:\,".h nov.~r 1::., 1.0 c.ny st:·.tcucnt to P:J2o Nonh c. ul·l 11,)t civo o.ny scod ro-:-.son \·lhy P.'12 w:-:.s :r..ot qu0Gtir:11ei on this crucinl point • ., Q. ~1110 st.".t:Gmont ;i;:d1ePl+ w.:-.s l)rqx:irly ::t·1.r.1itte'.l 11:,' the trfol Court ost.'.'..:~lis!10s the :_,"Uilt of i'JoLl.21 boy-:.nd ::loubt. If cor1"'obcr.:1tion w~,s ncc:lcd for thCtt confession, it c:m be fow.1,1. in the 20 .sun1 of .Shs.1.19,ooO/== i.11 T.:t11z·.;.1i.:-.11 notes o.t tl10 m:,torinl tir,10 o• • n• In- this C,'"'.se, .:tG it w.::s hold by t:ie CourJ:.: of :.p:)c::cl i;.1 fL~?-_ri,''}3,, co.sc 5 the first nn:l sccon 1. ccct:ncd ~)ors-ms r.~·.,1.o the:ir st".tomo:~tG ,-clunt,rily. They cannot deny th.-.:t f,~.ct nt this lab st.'.'..':c~ for i:Z t:.::.cr'.? v:·~s nny objection in rol-:-.ti;.111 wit!:1 the lec,lity; or ct~10rui120, of :1ou ::~xhi;,,its P.4 r..nd P.5 \-J-:iro rocor,:c.". t:1.,t iE:m1.e d1 ,ulL: h:-.ve :)Oen r~isD•: ::.t the e:JXliest po8si~::le oJ?::.:crtuni ty b 1 1..otermino -:.-ihotllc:..~ or not. ti1cy were n.dmissiul0 -i '1 cvi· '.enc'.:!" In "t-3.n·:e:-.1 wi t:.1 t1:.,··.t r.::. uro•.:) · f :-.ctiL)r. the Court \,,rouL! o.lGo hrcvc ~'..eci·:cd wncthcr or not the st·:trn:ionts \,rcro n .~,c'.e . volunto.rilyo These 1:10-ttcrs woulr'_ hnvc been c. su:)~jcct of ".. tri:Q within a tria.lc The .-:eni.:::.1 th~,t \ih~t tho st:.t0::1<,mta C':int,:dn w::i.s s::..L1 by tho neeused persons in :J.n after thour;ht, I nrn, in these circurnst:::,_nces, satisfiec1. thv..t tho confessional st,:-.ter.1ents ton~1.erc·d ns )~xh.,P4 and F5 were mc.:.1.o voluntetrily. True, the neconJ nccuscd' 1:; sto.temont was not rend over to hir.1. I would ho.ve ;~iven him the benefit of my doubt, if I hN:. CU1y 1 th::.t he cl.i.l not sr:-..y who.t is t,,mtninc,1 in ExheP5o I nurture no doubts becc).use he rc1)c.::-.te,l the adnission of cuilt before P\-J2 nn--1 from his confession the o.xe with which the cl.ecc,:tsc'.l W::'<G kille~l (E:xh,Pl) , his clothes (Exh.P,,2) and his radio set (Exh.P.3) were recoYcred. 4o :1 close exnmin:~.ticn of tho confessions shows thr·. . t they contain contr:-.Jict'Jry stc..tc;·Jcnts, The first such 2..p_]_¥,rent ccntro.clictions l .. concerns how tnc killers :)".:inc,l in:::;rcs::. int: tho h.Juso~ The first .::ccu;:,c l cl-::-.ir.1s tli.::t ti1ey broh:0 tlJ.r:JU[~h tho win.:owo killers s1;nshe'.l the wi11.l0w he f,)Um1. tc hnve 1.Joon riE1cd. from the v:8.1 PU5 tostifie•:l th~t if the . the· dccco.sed wouL:. hc..vo 1Jcen :.:i.r:::iur:::c-1,, This vim·, nupport.s the -vorsfon of tho f::i.cts :::.s crinfe,ssod :Jy t~10 sec-Jn:l .'.lccusc J, tll'~t the first .:i.ccusc,l .led tllei:l into tho hous:::o There w:::-.u nJ nee·l b Lrc~,J;.: the win-:.low, which woul:l h;'_vc <'.tt!'c.cto·'- tho :·.tt.:mtion of the victim of the homicide in view th.:-.. t the killcr,s ento:•o ·: e10 hour:;,::; thr· iu;;h tl10 front ,::1.,icr .:i.11· ~ tho.t the 10 mur·'.cr .. .., '" 1:ein::; rncr·3 '-•-1..l :ct._.,_ilse mc1.teri ·i aspoct whicl1 wouJ.J viti:--.to the con:.:0,3.gi,:;_1.s in any m".:teritlJ. p.::u-ticulnr,, As :::. rul-:: c:~ :;_)r·.:cticc, hov.rovcr 9 in or·lcr t.: fou11 11• n conviction o.. confcs;:;fon 11.~.o tc. be) c:ir~:-:: cr:·:bJ :Jy other '.;.;.'"!·.' in·.·1.e:Jenc';.ent evidence~ Such evidence rrr:.y to :ircct or circwnstcmti-ue [..p.'lrt froi:1 the e.:mfession of t:1c fL~st r.tY'.•.: th::t of tl1o ,secon ~ ,cCCUGC :l l)Orso:113 there is not 20 much dirJct 0vi::.ence which links nll or m1y of tJ:c c..ccuse-:: :J0rson,3 with the homiciL1.e they 0.~c :--,llc ·:, .': t::, h.--ve co:;::ii ttcd., Thero is however "vi:lence which shm-1s th,.,.t rcJ..··.ti-JnC:1:.i.p between t:1,-:, first c:.cct:.sG·: c:.:,1.__l the rl~ceo.seJ. were frosty., She '..onios it i:1 ~1or eyi·:o::~co iJ,.i.t t:1c ::ntt.Jl' i·i~.:-~ :1.ffir,:r .tivcly stCtte·l by ~1cr £00~1, f:clw:1 -Ji:1..'.'.:l. (Fl·.14-) uho toGt:i.:::•fo l th·:-.t :1is ::.:1r.rents qu-::trrollo::'. frcquont:i.y., I fii::.,:: no [;roun°'. upon whic3. P1:!4 .shoul'.: lie .::i.r,.:,.inst his nothcr :iJ1 :~ i:i:-.ttGr .so ~~:r.'.'.YC :·.s :::. ch::r::;c whic:1 f ··.c::s I10r.. In fc.o~ the f J.l:10 CJ.eco::-.so· . .. t cn .., o •'. m::.'.J:TJ.:'.ge. • s:t.!.U!:l -, ·--. ,4) ' • qucs-cic-:.1 ;:i l, ..., f s J....'1 T • rl ~. • u1.., .J. ( .t~\· swore tht.t hi.3 f:·.th()r w:-•.nto: tc, h.1rn :, socon .· ':iifo" i::1c~ second rn::u-riaCTe is referred to in the fil•st o.ccus.s·: :;crscnt :3 co:ifeGsion in uhich she s00s ·bhc clecensod intent to /"lcfr.-:i.ud hGr of her il'.J.l1critc:nco ~.ncl cr.1.tt::;_c ucrivec.l from doury for their d:::.u~;htcrs. The co::.1:luct of the first o.ccucecl is :-.noth0r C'GiJCct. '1'1hic11 o.ppe::i.rs to be incosistent with her innoccnse. Sh12 won.:lercd \·ihy Su.lum Jidcti wo.s gr.±Bf-strn..ckon when he o.rrivo~: bnck h'."'17:eg :Jt-J4 s.:ti.l t:·!i;:; when answerin:::; n question ns he w;::.s boinB cr'.)ss-cxnninc--1 by Mr. NGhuma:- 11 I found rny mot]10r when I retur.110d. I wn..s 0 rief stricken when I :.lrrivo-.l o.n.:! r.1::mrnc:l my fo.thero Hy mother 1·1or:.rlcr::·:1. why I wc.13 -1 • ... home nnd that he hid the nxc in the bush nfter tho murdero Thn.t nxc was identified by S-::tlum Jidn:i. ( P\'14) 1 the deceosed 1 s son, ,:,,s being one of their nxeso The evidence of J?Wl in this rec,-::.rd is corrobornt¢d by the testimony of PW2, Pl1!3 and PW5o I am satisfied, ::i.fter consi.:.ler:i.ng nll the evidence on record, that the second nccusG.:l mnde the confession as contained in Exh.P.5 ns well o.s the n::ll,1:i.ssion to PWl th:,.t he used the nxe- (Exhibit Pl) to kill the 1eceo.sedo The ::~(~mission to PhlJ. thnt led to the c..iscovcry of EJ'.:hi:Jits 1, 2 o.ncl 3 corroborntes the second accuse1 1 s .confession. The evi:lence oso..inst the thir:l c1ccuse:: is vorJ sc::i.:1ty., He mo.rle 10 no confession a11:l 110 :i.ncrim:i.n::.tin._: materi::u \•ro.s faun.~ in his possession• The. only evi~1.ence ::i.::;ainst him is the incrimin'lti..'1.P, confession of the first .::i.nd second :iccus:.:d.. It is now esto.blishc·:: th-:-,t it is a prudent rule of practice, enc:. c.uthorities o..bouncl on this point, th::i.t an incriminatinc confesGion of ct co-accused or th:1t of an acoomplice cnnnot found n sound conviction unless it is corro:)oro.ted by other independent and re1io.ble evidence. I find no such corroboro..tive evidence in this case., . After surnminG u11 to them all the three J.,::i.d'y n.nf centlemim Assessors were uno.nious in their 011inons th'.,t tho prosecution h.J.d proved their cnse 20 beyond any rer~sono.;Jle 1ou:,t. :~ccordingly, each of them h.:1s returned a verdict of guilty in req1ect of c::i.ch nccusedo I agree with them in respect of the first ~:n:: secon.J ,_ccusedo I woulc.~ not, for the reasons I hnve set dovm in r..y ju ·lsmont, ~-'.Tee with their vcr:lict in res11cct of the thir ..: r.ccuseJ. I find ],'.'\:lijo. $3.lu.m ( first :1ccuscd) c..ncl Doto Kayo.nda ( second r. ccuscd) r,uilty of murJcr as chnrgcrl in the informntion. I convict e,:-.ch of then ncc,:_ir,lin::ly., I find Doto Ko.zimoto Msensi ( the third nccuscd) not cuilty.. He is accor·linr;ly o.cqui tted; he is dischc..rcred from :~rison unless ho be further ,lcta.ined on s0mc other lcwful cnuse. Delivcrcrl. i:1 terms 0f S::!ction 311( 4) ..;,f CP:~, Mr., K:.:i.m~;-;;is::1'..'.. (S.°.): For :]e:pu'.:lic. Mro Kc.yr.en, : ..:J.voc:'.tc: For 1st /.. ccusN~ Mr. M,,:;,'1.w:r. , kl.vr,c.:-:.tc: For 2nd nnd 3rd J'. .ccusc·:! (!. .bscnt ~served) JUDCE 13/ll/1995 J .... Do.to: 20/11/95 Cor:".m: Mnck.::-..njn, J. For Rep: Mr. Kamur5is..hn, S/.:.. For Def: Absent - unserved. C/C: Mc;otto H,'.'.c1.ij,:t S:·.lum :i...1.:l Doto Sim;:,c1., th~ first ctn:: s2con<.l ,1.ccusod. persons, respcd:iv0ly, 1-1hc• were on 13th Nov0m::cr, 1995 c•:mvicte.~ of the li'!Ur•.ler of Jid::ti Mtunc:~- .'.:.ro e..,_ch senbncer'. b suffer '.:lee.th ~)Y h'ln:_,;in::;. The .:-:ccused persons shcul-J e.:-.ch be fur::iished uith o. copy of the ju \~i:.10nt. 10 ( . JUDGE 20/ll/1995 Date: 5/12/95 Coram: M.M.P~ Mutc•ncore PRM(Ext.J) Mr. Rut:i.e;werclz:-. s .. s •.t•• for the Repu1Jlic Mr, Knyng:J. def,mC·.) consol for the li.ccusecls persons. liccuse:~: (1) H,'.;ldijr:-.. Sc.lum ) ( 2) Dotto Isimbc.1. ) .::tll present un·;'.er custody and ( 3) K<'.zirnoto Visene;i ) represented by counsel 20 Court: Jurl-;rncmt .:c:1·1 sentence pronounced to accused persons this 5th dD.y ,Jf December, 1995 in the presence of M'rc Rut-::-.i:,i.·1eler'J. SSi. for t;;_1e Ro:)U:.:li_c ,,n•.1 iV..r. K'\'f:i.cn for ·le fence• j I _..• fi.A...,. N~ M. P. ' 5/12/L995 'TONGO!I!I: I