Tanzania Judgment

TZHC

19980714 TZHC Dar es Salaam

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Source document

01

Holding and result

The court held that the objection based solely on lack of privity of contract or locus standi is not sustainable in garnishee proceedings where statutory provisions allow investigation of claims by objectors with official authority.

Court disposition

Preliminary objection dismissed

Orders

  • Proceed to investigate the objectors' claim as per Order XXI, Rule 57(1) CPC

02

Material facts

Parties

Tanzania National Mjimbo & Others

Plaintiffs/decree Holders Counsel: Mr. Mujulizi

State Travel Service Ltd

Defendant/judgment Debtor Counsel: Mr. Sakara

Tourism Services Tanzania

Objector/applicant

Presidential Parastatal Sector Reform Commission

Objector/applicant

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Civil / Ruling on Garnishee Objection

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
Applicants/Objectors argued that as official receiver and by authority, they have standing to object to the garnishee order despite not being privy to the original contract.
Respondent
Respondent argued that there is no privity of contract between the objectors and the parties to the original transaction, thus objectors lack locus standi.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Order XXI, Rule 57(1) of the Civil Procedure Code

    Privity of contract is not absolute in garnishee proceedings; locus standi can arise by virtue of statutory authority or official capacity.

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The court held that the objection based solely on lack of privity of contract or locus standi is not sustainable in garnishee proceedings where statutory provisions allow investigation of claims by objectors with official authority.

Obiter and limits

  • The law on privity of contract or locus standi was intended to mitigate hardships and is not rigidly applicable in garnishee proceedings.

Court disposition

Preliminary objection dismissed

  • Proceed to investigate the objectors' claim as per Order XXI, Rule 57(1) CPC

Source and reliance status

TZHC · 14 July 1998

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Judgment text

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Source document

TZHC

Judgment· 14 July 1998

19980714 TZHC Dar es Salaam

TN TH'!~ lHGH COURT or TAN7,ANJ A {DAR RS SAiAAM DTSTRTCT REGTSTRY) CJVll, CASR NO. 296 OF .1997 ~A rl) MJHMBO & 01'HEHS ...•• PL!\ TN'rIFFS/DECREEBOI~DRH STATB TRAVRL SERVICE LTD ..... DEFRNDANT/JUDGEMRNT DEBTOR 1. 'l'OUH!SM SF.RVTCF.S TANZANJA) 2. PRESTi1BNTIAL PARASTATAi.. } . . . . . . . OR,JECTORS/APPLICANTS SRCTOR REFORM COMMISSION) RUf,ING the ,1 pp l. j <.:,1 t ion by I l t8 oh j Ac f 1,1 rs/ Appl i Crin t::-.: ( .TJ?. n.r:.XBl!l..BiP·_y) <~ei,; Tanzan i.8 [,tel and p_resjdf_ntj,2-J__)?~ra.statal Sector RefQn!! Commis:;;_io_n) to br.-tve A garnishee order issued against State Travel .Servi_ces, T.,l:d (or.igin;J] Defendant/,J~idgrnen.t debtor) :raised. Mr there is no pr iv .i. t y nf con tr.act in Urn t ran:::;;:u:: ti.on wld. ch 1. ook place hetw<:ien the only relevr:nit parties as exe3mplif ie<l hy the in l,3 1,v a:C:; it referred to m,31:ters of law and 11ot mat te:r::;; of fact. Tn tAply, Mr Mujulizi for th~ Applic~nts/Objectors ma.:i.ntAined U1at the question of 1ocu:; sla.ndi pE\ggAd on privity of ,·. J sa k a r , on c i. v i l P r- CH'. 1-:i <l u r P. ( R I II ·1 q q G J{ '-J p I i. 1ii , Vo J . l T , Ed i t i c11 , , !t .....( pagP- '.10:18) <Hi<l t:hAt it, any c;:i:~P. t h e , _ ~ : ; objector {PSRC) afiS;l,'- 1h;.i1·. pos:il·i.on hy vh·tui-! of h(➔ i11g ,1n nffiJ:jr1l. rc.:icr~ivAr of Stal A trr-1v1'lJ S(~J'.'\d<::P.;::.; Lt.<1 wh:i.cl·1 by u-_p: (PSRC:)

-~1.1thority Wi-lf', ::..:ol(l to the 1st objec.'.tn:r. that I lii:> pre] .i.nd.ncitY object:i.on;:_; sJiuuld bA <1.i;:::ndsi->P.<l. con Cf~1- n i nu -i 11 e q u es t i on o f pr .i. vi t y o f cont r ,3 c t: o r· locus ~ t and i J s Ji o 111 d :i n.t:enllec.1 1:o 111':' 1;_,i;:~te, among 0U1P.rs, I he Ji;-w.i.s of hit.; an;_iumP.rd: --- privity of contract. It was specjfJcally enacteJ to take carA of intet:P.sts of parU es who are not privy to the contra.ct but wl-10 l • " // ,,i' r.on,I·1·FJ<'.I H nr to. O.XXT, Rule 57(1) C:PC, is Vf:;ly cler11ly W01(1ed, attacJ·11ne11t w)v1.t the court j_s s11pposed to do is t:o procee<l to invest.i~ale the m;,tter - of course the objector/claimant, hAving Th A HU J P C ) A ,3. r 1 y f> 1i OW S 1 h ,➔. t U l A l I l.l r<1l ,~ of "vrj vj 1.y of C(>lrl::n-icL nr locus st.And il' was r:invj :-;agi?.d touncl l: o 4 .· aur.11n, with RulP.: ](1) nf n.XTX, r:pr: p:rc1vi_rles, ,;i],1 1 ') l /, fit wlli-it.. nnA can r.iyht1y c,d1 1i1Fi_t1ers of fi-ic:1s. ThP. J:.--1w ;:;rA 1hosH cont,3_i_1iing ;::;t;::i_tAn,ents .reg::nding thA enr-ictn1Pnts of P x <: 1 l l <h~ <l fr l.l Iii ..-1 f r i d ,, v i I. H . thP.n just AJgu1nAnlF1ti.VA points )Jl_ll. .. , ,. l ', s 14/7/98 _.,

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Authorities

Authorities used by the court

Cases, legislation, regulations, and constitutional provisions identified in the available record.

Order XXI, Rule 57(1) Civil Procedure Code

Legislation

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