19880926 TZHC Dar es Salaam

nr ~CITE IIIGIT COURT 0::::-1 T/.JTZfJHL 1-..T. D_1"2c ES. SiL:ddl l...?PELt.i~TE JUHISDICTIOH :,narr COURT CRUTWJ..L 1..PPR".L 1:rn.51;. or 19cc (From o:ric;il'l21 C:d.rJiac-,1 Cn.so lfo.227 of 1937 of tho Di::r:;riot Court of Ilr.12, District :--,t Kisu.tu) :Bofo:ro J aSi,KilJGDOm, Esqj Rosiclcnt J\lcci::rb:'<:::to JUIM IilTORO • • • , , , • • , , • • o • • o d e e ; • • c • a • • • ; ., o • • • • • o e • • • ; , , .J..PPZLLJi.NT (◊.i.~i-:J.11~ Accusccl) versus TEE Ul.TITED HEFU.BLIC •• d O ,. 0 ~ • O O • 0 • ~ 0 • • c O O J o O O .,· o O • 0 6 o • • , I • i:.ESPOl'IDENT ( 0:d:3"incl Prosocutor) JUDGEl.iEHT The 0,ppcll2,nt Jt'!I'.lc.. :wcoro w.:-,8 ohec:r::rccl 2,lonc wiJ11l:. two o·t~10rs, 110;."lbly, Jlnmisi s/o .Lose., c'.l1cl 1~1J.y- s/o 1.Joc..z with tho o:rfonoos of ;Jurc;lo.:ry 2J.1.c1. tl'.oft c/s 296(1) C'l1c".. 265 of tho P,.C. :rcspoctivoly.. The prosocu"iiiol1 dlc:;·ccl in -~~10 Die·~riot CotU't of Ild['_, ~-t Kim:i.tu. ·Ghc.,t ·!;he r,,ppell::,.nt c..-icl ·two othors 1:luxclccl tho houso of one Snnwcl Yohc..i."1.2. nncl stolo :fa"o:.--1 thoroin ono X[;',(1-io c2.ssGtto, Sc:J.,YO i:1clco velucc. f'.--!~ . ,.u _ w ~ 00011-:• sl1s-35,, Tho lGo:rnod. tricl rcsic1.ont. ::12.[;istr0to u:ss s3.tisfirl · on oviclcmco 2..::.clt'.occ.l 2.-t the Jcrio..l. th~.-t tho 2.priol1221t oorn:ti.ttocl tho offence on lJoth t::.c counts n.nc'.. w2.s scntoncocl to t,. yc::-.l."G inprisonnc11t on tho burcl217 oou11t ~.ncl 3 Elonths inprison1:icnt on t~'.O t!.10:ft count. T):w 80;1tcnces iTCI'G mxlorod to rv..n concur:rontfy v '111.~.c o.,p~)cllrut has o..i)l,oo..locl c.co..i11.s·~ 1)oth conv:Lction ['.J.1c.1- scntm100s. In brief i·t 1-r,_s sto..toc'. d tho triol court tl:2-.."t t:10 oonplc'..ino.nt ( PW2 ), on 11/2/07, rctuxnoc1 hoi.10 fro!'.1 ,·rork ;,,t ni:;ht ['.J.1cl t~:.on left to visit c. noit;ll1)at:.r, IIc left Lis house intQ.Ct• He rctru"'i1od ;;,t 1.30 D..•n• end fouml t~:'.o w:D.1c.low to l::.is roon brolmn nnd hio rc.dio Lti.ssil'lG• PW2 ·then inforoed -j;!::.c pol:i.cc who st<'.Xtccl uwcs·~:i.[;2,tion. }.:j;o:~1 tho ov:Lcloncc \ of PW1 encl PW3 t;_::,o ,.,_,:)pGll211·'G w,1.,s ::'..i. rcstoc1. on info1·•nc..tio11 received• 0 Upon intorroc;~"tion d tho police st,,,tion the 0,ppcllr11t, ::-..clr:ti.ttocl bra&- ld.n:.1 into the ,,i)pcllc.nt I s 1:.ousc c.ncl siolo tho rc_c.io 1m-t ol0inod that ho wc.,s with tho -two o·(;hor c.cct.!soc1.. persons who were ,~cqt.ti.J.;tocl l)y. tho c:i..;trict court 1Joc2.1.wo the evic~onc:~ '1'1',,s insu:f:t'ic1Cl1't to ooi1vict th.on.· It w2,s o..lso tho ovic7..cnco of Pvn ['.J.1cl PW3 tho.t tho 2.p:)ol12.11t lotl then to tl1c spot wl.:i.oro he ~1c.cl hic'.c1..c11 the :r:~dio. Tho 1•ri tnossos fouml tho r:-!Llio buriocl :i.11 Jti\o :.;;rouncl nnc1. w:-;s i·n:'~.:)pccl in 2.. nylol1 p0per:. Tho 2.ppcllr:nt ·c1m1iccl. the cho..rco c11C:. w.::-,s stwp:risocl 0G to wl:iy the police hC'..C1. to C'.1"Tc st c..l.1ct cho.rce .hin o:f m offence ?.10 c1.icl not c or.1r:ii t, nor even know r'..iJOtll. it• 2 In l).is L1cnorcnclun of 2.i,1,Gcl ·l;ho 2,ppolic.nt r:'isod only two ir.1i)Ort.::i.nt /;I"OUllclS :".".' (n) Thc..t t~:G1~0 wc-,s·no ovidcnco d -liho trihl to show t.j:10,t ho 0011.:i:oosocl to the offcnco of broo.J.d.ns c..1tl •toe.line; • . (b) Th[l.t if ho did. con.f'oss ancl thon loc1. tho polico to tho pl:,oo t::o r2.Cl.io was hic"!.clon, wby ~10 inclo-:- ponclont wiJvnoss such .:-,,s tho a.ppollant I s ton 0011 loc..c:lGr w.:cs not C.'.'..llccl to pc..rtioipo..to. Tho .ip 11olln.nt opted not to 2:;,pcro: clurill[; Jcho hom"ll1f.S of his o.,ppo;:,.1. I.b:: p 1,'il;:ru:io..nga 9 ~?.oo..rnocl St:-,to Attorney ·for Jchc rosponcl.ent S'l.tp:Jc;.."'tccl tJ:o conviction cnc1_ ·sentoncos. After n2.1:rcstin5 Jcho oviclonce 011 :r:ooord c-.ccinst- the o.ppellnnt he '.'.slcod t:us court to c.ccopt -~ho tric.l Llr:'{;'is-lirc.to's :fii1clirie~ . uphold tho. convictio;,1 2.-1.(1 confirn JGho scntonoos.· 'l:no crucial Cfu.Ostion :for oonsicl.or<1.tion encl clcoision is whothor t!10 c.ppelli"'..11t Hc.s found in possc::;r1ion of tho stolon rr:.dio o.ncl, or who-th~ ho 0011.fossGd to tho offonco. It is on tho cviclGnt rocorcl thG.t the c.l)pGlli:-J.tt wo.,s no·h pbysicc.lly found in. riossossion of -tho :rc,clio. Whc..t is 011 :rooorc.. is t212,t hG 1lGd the police. to ·l;he cliooovcry Of the item. Also thut Jc.a ncl.nittoc. to hn,vG broken. i1rho tho coi:1plo.i11o.nt I s house ancl. then stolo tho r<Xlio which ho showed. to tllo i)olice, PW'1 2.llcl PW3, TI10 n.ppcllant is c~1o.J.lG- ncil1G. t!10 clleesecl confession., Dt.1.-t tho 2-ppellant clid not chnl.1011[,ro ·bb.is wl:011 l?WJ. nncl Pv1,3 C;O.Vo ovic:'..enoo. Tho Len.rnod· Tricl nesicl.ont r-'Ic.cis·l;i~-:·;be cc.rof'ully bnd properly co11siclG1~0d ~ho vo-:r,y issue enc'.. c~o to tho followin0 conclusion in his juc1cencnt, • ~tel I quotes- · .. /\~ • • u ~ • , •Goinc 1)y the circt1Ds-t2ncos. Jl1:"GV[!.ililte ._in this oc..so, it is not possible t,JJ.c..t Pvn. mcl ," PW3 just cl.rc:~;:1t · or· i1:1;:,e:i.nocl. tho.:'c thG stolon r2.C'..:i.o . was 1:-ttriocl soncwhoro o.t K:i.noncloni. There r:n..lSt ho fr. cfors :t·i'hic:.1 E1~le . it· possible. .for then to rocc:10r :.·t ,the rDLl.io • This c'crurt oorisic:'..ors tho on.in f2..cto1"S i'nciliJc2.;b~1G tho· tiJ.1oo.rthine of .thG r2.c:1io o.s 1JG:i..l'l[; ini tin.tocl by il1foruors c.s nnntci.i"1.Gd 1:)y • M. It woulcl e,ppqfi' to this· coq:rt tha.t__,·,..·---tho first . /:;. o..ccusac.1 s:'1owoc'!. Pitt: CJ'ld PW3....... ' vihcrG , ho hr..c.1 bic'.c'!.011 t:10 · rnclio 1 .o.tI:a:rw:Lse ·r ·do no.~ so0 ~ other wcy by wbicl1 PW1 2.:n.:l · ~ woult1 h:C..vo. kl'lown short of 1:>Gl.i'l{; . told by :J0L100110 w11.o: h2.cl hic:1..clon or. S6Gl1 0110 Ju.cli11c the rc..cl:r.o 1..1...1c~cr;7·ound. In this rcsrioct thG court is sc.,tisfio(l th.:,t tho porso11, who lecl PW1 2J.1.C.l. PW3 to whore t:.10 1.. c.clio wr..s 'hic'.cloi1 is :-..c'tud.lzy· tho porso11 who w:--.s involvoc.1 1n tho s;jcc,linc;. · OnG woulcl h2.Vo no ro0s•11. to bury n rr.cl:i.o til1ci_crc;rouncl. · m:'.o·e:)t for tho roe.son t~1nt 'ho c1ic1 not. wc-1rt people to lo1ow :1G hri'. hi,_,_t'.0~1 t~10 :ro..clio11o · l~s such, [1.11 circunsk·.110os pravdlilx:; in this CC..SG woulcl. lcncl 'to tho conclu- sion t21r/G ·:i..,, :i.o ·tho first 2,001..1.sacl who had oor.r:rl/i;-'.;ocl the o:Zfcnoo 2.11cl thorGcf.tGr h:i.rlclon tho rn.c'..io 1.utclOZ"- e:,ToU11d, Ho tcr15ible, o:r.:plc'Jl.:1.tion h0s boon c_;ivon in thG led; 2.001.rnccl I s 0Al)lc121a-'iiion o.s how he oc.,;.:1O ;~o lmow the locr.:'Gion of tho stolen r['..Clio if nt ell he wc.s not thG 0110 Li-,rolvecl in ·ths thei't,, This coot tl1oroforo fine.ls tl10 first 2.0cusGcl ns the person who co:-.1Lu-'i;tcd the offonoo o.ncl nccorc1L1c1Y convict tho· first 2,0ousod to l)oth 001,i_'l').ts in the ch2rco·n, In r;ry v.icw, the tri2.l f.l<'.r.:;isfa•:::.to ,ms ric;ht ·in ncldnc; suol: o1)sei"'Vo;hionst In ru:lcli tion, r clo not see £'1\}1-thiric c'tr011ce in tho procoec1..inc;s· -'.;o inclioato thd there wc1s a foul j_)l.:iy l)y tho proe08Utio11 witnossos (Pw1:,, PW2,Pvr3) to orente .:1 ftctitious story ;'{;«inst the o.,ppollc-nt. It wc,s ost'.'.lJlishccl c1s n fc10t tha.t PW2 1 s rnc'..io lr::-,s stolon. I clo not tr2,00 c12-iywhcro 0~1. t!10 rocorc1 tho.t P\rT2 knew the 2,ppellc,nt oncl thorofore tho question o:E ill-uo-'dvo cloos not o.rise. Equ2.lly it wc..s :;.iot S\J.[_;.:;osto(!. in oviclonce the/.; tho two police non (PWl 2l1Cl Ftr3) lU1GlT cit:1er the conplc..:u·vsnt (PW2) or tho 0~)pollo.nt so a.s . to suspect that tl:ore ,r::.s e, collusion to fr['..L1G up such 2. sto:r:.f • Pvf1 oncl PW3 would not hc,ve l':.isoov0r0cl tho rru:lio v11less there wc..s c..11 o:t.:L"'lioit aclJJ.i- ssion by tho· <'-Ppollan~ r.n~'- -'.;he confession Wc'.S confirned b;T t:10 cliscovery of the radio, the appcll£',nt ho.Yill(; locl tho police toon to where it 1-rns hiclden. li.s to the question ulzy t~10 police clic,_ not :uwolvo the e,ppcllo.nt' s ton cell lpc.cler, or evo11 c:.n L1doponclent oyo wi tnoss, in tho· first. pl:-..oe, thoro is no law that clo.o~cls tl:::,t ·tho police shoulcl in· ovary co.so they c.:i.~c roquirccl to invcsti::;n.to w.cluc1c irn'..opcrnlont wi tnosscs to wi tncss w:b..at -'GI-:cy ha,vc cliscovoroa. Ec,oh onso ·is• invostic;c.·tocl on its own r.~orit o.ncl doperic;l.:tnc~.~n i-'i;s .112,turo, tho oonclition prov~ilinj· 2.t tho tioe of invostication, tho circu;:1:3t~o surrotlllG ·tho ciso, ox cotor<1.,. Thero n:rc circw:1stnncos whoro tho policG r-.xo. r0quiroc1 · to· t:i.ot -swiftly nnt. r_j:'G f;-,.cecl ~ri th c', si tuc..tion · whero the 11oecl fo. involve witno·ssos clocs not 2riso.. It ·ney nlso hf:.ppon tha.t 11 suspec-'i; is so compro- r.usinc; 'witb tho !Xll:i.!'....c. tJ.m·l; it bocorlO"S 'unsu:itkiblo to pr6lonr} tho :i.nvostigetion• . . :. _Ila :"tho inst:,,.nt C[',SG I '.'J.l ~:1.-'Gisficcl thd tho l)Olioc (PWl 0.21(1 PvT3) o.ctod' in. e;oocl :i:n.ith Mel I clo not soo ['})ythinc on i'ecorcl SUt-;r;o stinc; -~:,.~_t -'i;>.oy fSG.VO their ovic.01160 2[;c..:i.11st t).:.o n.pi:icllnnt for their· in tor est to servo, Ile wa.s properly convictec1 t'.rnl tho sontonco wn,s v.c.cquntcJy :iI:lposcu. c'.{;~i.nsi; hin to ooot tho just of th1;; C2.Sc. li.coord.inGlY I clisniss -l:)10 ai,po&..1 me:. 0011.i'im tho 'scmtonce. \f~ . c .r.t1EIIt) ffiIIWI-Pl~ IlES!DErJ~~ :MA.GISTRJ..TE(E:::t. Juriscl) 26/9/GD 4 Juc\3'000nt delivortd '. ·}_· I At Dtu' Gs Saln.an Mr. MkeIJ821Ga • Fo~ -cl:G RGsponc~Gnt, prGSGl'lt _. Appellant - Diet hot viiilh to 2,ppear·. · . (A.c ,,r/12.ENA) PRINCIPAL RESIDENT IiUi.GISTrui.TE(E:l::t.Jurisd•) 26/9/00.