19771031 TZHC Mwanza

1/19/l /4f)tL/f-~ ,J.f-1:~: c.:. ~xr..oE: 11c!x~.11\:i..~ !\'I' v'.·!ANZA _ i~l:-P~L~!:i;:i"" __ J~H~SlHCI':i.ON . H1GH en· _.(11 _CJ..::.1rciN,";,L., APP.2:1,i NO. _249 OF 1977. ~::-. .. ;...: .. - -. ;· ·. :...·. . CF. .iDV. ';!JC·. 2.4/77.~- Ci~•·· ..... ·. ·~\ i; 1 ( Or ig,in~ 1 Crim i,.a i Cc: se· i':_6. ' -6.~ .of ·.1~f7 ._·9·f }he J istr ict Ci>_~rf ff'._'_.cfe'i~a_ . -Distil'.'ic..-t, . . . at Geita. - B.:J.::'c.::•/ . .... s·. N. £uberwa, . . $sq.; Sanior i'-1agistra'te; ' . •• ·• .J. ' ' • • • • • • • • • • ~ • • ·: "'. - :. : • • ; ' •· • ,, ~ '• : -MOHAMJ;J)_ ?".J.,:liH·Ti3Q. • • o • • • " , • ~ ,.! • • • • • • • • • • • • • o.• • • • • • • o ••a•••••.•• •/lf'.PELLf\NT _I , • • • •• • • • ~ ~ • .,._ • • -versus THE:. REPU-Bi fc .................,•.•_•.•.••.•.••...••••••••••••••.• ~ •• ·RESPONDENT .· .. f :f"' ; ., ' . :. .1: • • . , . , , • , . , • . ·, •, ••.-;i,. I ' . ' .1 ...... 271 of the Pen2l Code· . ': 't .·_.•1 t' ,: K,~ TIT I, J, : .. '. . '.,::-·.ae.ita .Dist''iiicit', 9Glpr_t_,.,con,victep.- Moha_mei . ¥ihambo ·t'.1e appel:J;.ant, of ""-the"ic5f'f:enc·e of sie!:tlfog by serva!'lt_ an~ s:entenced him to. four-:• years impr~:i)sortmeht. · Th:Ui':s0rl.tence, wa_s a,opomp~_ted. PY an ord~r f.or :i _;refund, o-fr.srrs.!'2.0;.oo-?/5G,'··t'.\~~--- ,·1~ourit· ~Ja.imed stol.en-• .The·_ appellant· foevitaibly ~agglri.e·'7-ed{:iras' 16d{,'3t., -Shis·'appe•l,"" to thi:s- -court._ , ... -~--: .. J' ~: :.-.,:: ; { (. - :.; ·:... . ·.. ·:·~r J<. t 1 -~:- • i _1 / • : • '.:·~~- ;~ -::,· Th'e \aprell/"1-i;, vehimen,tly_ ·sub_mi.tted -while _pros,~cic·cing bis ,appea·l, 'tha-i?theJ:'i3word of 'J.:.:,,J fel,l.,o,n .. him, wJtho.ut the case... bGi,ng pf:oved"beyond F~asiiriabii doubt.·, 1Ie..subrr<:itted, that tp.-J .auditor wh.o exaroj.ped the books, and repofl,t'ed: -thing:-:;: &:-0:o:Ut and oig':l.inst.. him., ,did .not give e~-:iil~nce.,. t_o afford .qi_m _;=rn oppo;:tunity to examine '.him. ·rhe appel lRnt added, tha·t . •i · _P.Wf ·w,as. i\:>,a,.sical ly _a 'i-{J'::!r say teller/ a~ he••d:{d- not exam:i.no ·the· figures, • ,,. . i~_ef 1 .fhij'<p;Js_ ev:L:1.~11_c'-1 wa~ -P~_eju~i?ial. _ l'he ·appelhnt .urged·, ;iJ;J,e i:fo~~d '"• b~J>k1~,'_;-,Q~~990~-: 40,000, v1ii3 w111ch ~moun-ts- Shs~ 7,578/60J)i.ni rece':{p1t \iJ;q<i,~.lc ')~·:o_.! ·_02il501 - 4160·0, relev3nt co'_ Shs~ · 1a,-424/90, idre .rrot r zcei ved ·,·by.htm.-··:·on the o·fa-xm' ·'ia,nd', 1'.1.r·s, ~r.:itovu 1 --the le3rnel· 3Jc=·t;3 Ilttorney 1 "' f» 1 r) • ·- , • · r · a'pp~az:tri'g for t:1e .{0pl;_"clic.,'mai,~·t":t·iri2d, tl1at as the C~SG" -3t'ood, she .could not ·'~Wi.'pcfrt "convitt:;on',- Jiithout :it '.;he sarr.e ·time ioing C:;rievo-us·,.in.jiur-y, 1 '·'\J';.:;fust"i6"e. · .;,, ·' : :, · ______ I shall L ,.c 11.r t.irou~·r.i the record, to see if tho appellant's ~-gLJ,t~r:~1,·· ~s just. - I s}~.:lf e-i.~mtne the recorJ. as :: whole, for !one man's ...,. :worq° ,..., is no . rrian.' s :rord ~ -1.n,±'e ed ··f1a ving . scr ,ut in is 3d. tl1 G....~ 8Co,.rd., . heard. t.he s\ibmissions from -~,_10 R.epU:(?lic arld the ·defence; I discOV8l~ no,.cornplacence, fri il-i'e trial m?~,:ii;·ia'2;c.2: :r<emark, thJt "thi~ ·ca·se is very sir:-,ple·,_to 1 jud.ge"• First, the obvio·us is, th;it the. appelhnt w9.s ::rn .:,mployee of Tanzania Cotton .1~uJchorjt;y-, '·h~~e{n to'·be refe.rrel to, ?.s 2bbreviated - T.C.A, The appelJ.:::.11t~ ',-1as~3·br):1di·m::imger of-one of ·i;i:le T.C.fi •. cotton zone·s, known as K.:•.s: m~J,~:" From the letter of ·:1.:ppointrr.o.,t to such post, · a9cor,npar.iied by his ~,c~H:::,:l;de of work,.. the 3ppelbnt we.s •r.C.li-• Zonal· · E~ec·µt)y~ · Offic_ar 1 ·.:-:dh power's rei'~v'~nt, apd_, rehtad to :such:'.job,knowing .. wrry f~w'bounJs. 1rht: ~ppe1ltint·i W'3S tci in1'k,_e .sure:, thc't.th.e:·cottort· ·,,_ . . ::industry-in his ·zt:ii~0/'&nJoyea 'pr·osper·ityj to 1 buy cottont;'p0y-r21ated ,.- ..-, ·debts, :and; affec-t.rok{:;J.3r•·payment~,,co-ll'ect··and :1cco,u1.1-t', =i;'or :r~la-t-ed,. paymen·ts. ,..,· t'· ,. .; , -:-•.-. , . . . , . .· -t'.".· ·For. :-,ork, rubted to··i:1e colJ.ection of fun.is, tl1a·. :=1pp-e:1.'lant had ,. to··make use of reci:'.i)c-'bcrbk'~. iihan it: com''°s' -to the qu.0\;;tiO:h ,- as'. .to.··h.ow this was to b8.accoL:n:.ted for,· wa have the only pros0cation witnGss called Timothy Ngusa·, :r!b:';;. ct8gioria1 :lcc·ounhnt, t~stify th•t ·:tho collection were suppos~d tci i_, ... roi-rii'tte·d_ ··tb' T_--C,.i, 'Heai.fqu3rtars Mw,\.nza, <;1lthough, we learn from this s-::;-i) tgusa ;·~hit; th'8 a"pp,211:mt a'ctu.3.l13r rom:itted. some· n\oney to Mwanza, r--.~J/_ 'h::::nkeJ sorr:2 in Geite N:1tion~:1 Bank- of Commerc~. Why ,-some_, ,money wa.s .J,,,;,pJ:.,.:;9-:~, a.nu. not: _dir~ct}y /3en t to_ HQf<~qu:cirteJs:-.,., ry;:q: ives no explanation frc.,;:: :::-:'.;L1,:8 7 3ml, 3S to how much was t)"::nkoc.1 1 M4, _hqw mµch was remitt~J to th0:jH\:.·dqu3rters 9nu.;when,_is the Pro::,.e.o,t:tj:'~•;{,'s'·s~~ret. Having found -it J:)OJ:;'';,i(:lq, ~o ex..tract the resp0!1Sibili ti-0s of the appellant, from the litt.la :J"¼:~.'~,:.._;:,:;;,;; ,y9.-_:i:12,__t~EJ, __ :-1Q st.ill ..cem,,in ;1t.s0a 7 whether the appeli,mt p;:irso1F_.:::.;_ ....... :s.,3ci:L.:.c;.!9J.,th~_se functions. Mr• ·l'J;iUsa, an insider ~j\•-~!.}tJ..:}} :1~s_ ·;_;_:,_~1,J::._.:-::-_;_ ~c:...".l, --~.i,'-:.cs r"~p.G,'.:;t.,_ But :-i.1v:i.n-£ Cc "'"G my nets wider •••2 3no.· (:;:_:{'Jr,::;_n-::u. ~--; :·.'.,~;'.") :·,t vook:s, ::inJ. fl":vi:ig not:.,d, th-:t;· .:."evunue receivitlg ' sigmiturcs, diffo:i.;,Jnt:j.2~~- them~_31',i..,s, through .iettar form::tions>. 1 sh9ll let myself s::1tifi0,'.; ·'.·lF.t tht ;;p0~l:;;nt h3J. ':!Ssishnt fu.nctiomries "I, • • • .._ • • I -i ~det:~him••,;' .j_nl whv.i;j_-3r su~J;l. functipnarlio~, ~-rnre respo.:u~iqla to th.e appell~~;:fl°or ,f'unclq pr j_"~vepu.J f ~Ce ivod. by t~0m,. seems ·i;o. h6ve 1iof . ·:.: qualifi2d;·to .J~ ,.,::::· r,(nific·nce in°tt1o'ey~s of the _p·r,,•3-.,cution.: Hbwever, cOnsi.4.l;l~~ng. t~) tt~1t ...;:c;9 t. :;: 1j,. ~rr+~ ~!}91!1~ i . L it+. GC) . :'.~knowl~Jge .,the., rwo. fl'.lct,. th3t, th3- 2,: ~".;i·,:·nt ·r?s'fin"'llly- tne custo ..ti·rn -:if tl1-:.: funds ·collected 9 in the process ,:,f ·;;,,,) ::.'unct1c:1s of. i.Jis,..luty. from• tl'lY g-:;:: •,~'.-~. li •to• t~1e" .D~ .rt icnb r i • it, is ?:J.o t. ,:,; : ~:_r,1:G:tad.· th:: t on 14/6/1975 P,Jl N:s•.t_:;:2 1 ·, ~J.c.~. th0 accused. suty receipt oook for which the appelLrnt· si;;ne:l, · Di' >,1:.;'J.egist-ar- Z:ixh-Pl,; ·'P,H tcl.l t~~~ court, thid, ..smong the sixty rec-a::.;:,-t IJ,·1•);::-s, hicH'e r•3c2:i.;:;t book.•Nos 039901 - 40000; P.l;ia_-·-14-,rf501 416000, vile both ~.::- 1.;':.ich, the a:;_:i"pellant coll,::ctd Shs_. 20,003/5·t"'!',. the amount cbimel w12.c.;c.~••.;1ted for, ,rnl:.f.9:t:oi;iJ~g t!lG b:1sis :rf' th0 ch::inge,,the appellant is f~c ni• The app8l ~nt's contention, is th1t he did not r8ceive these bobi<::°s· .. ' Ti': !the cont0:1tion· is' j'ust·, -the-n i11Je:3·J, ·yo·u C:!: ..1~ic:t ,use 'for cd-:IT~fot iBi{ ivho1 t :.c'r_,:: :,i ·not exi:st:/: · I htVe :ser·.fo usly exr,m.j,n-.::d· :. :a.egist;e.r ~ -'[ij5r_h/ ·P.l a·nd startl i;1,:,ly"~ I ·d.i·sco·var·.i, th::i-t ,th~ st::irred -;,,_nd .r::re;le•v.3ni:ly, :, i 1 fo'd id~·e'a.:'. Te'ca ipt Le :ks;,.:_ I\1,:ifs,: 1',l'r'e ;No0 sr.·::,fJ990-1 ;_:40000' ?)1\..l' 4).501.,"."'.":ran'd·, 0 not 039901 - 40000 1 or"'D44,1.5oi :i.' 41:6COQt;,. re,spect i ve ly. · L -abs13rve,: ·.t.h.;1,rt the omission of a zero behin..i the numbers, mak~s the diffe:r<mce; but ·:r ·atiud.&er to assume, tl12't: t-'hese':,wel'e the s3me; rece,ipt boDk;s, ,'.th:it Pvll a_ --1;~--l'ks' 9:bo Lit~ 'rhus, if 'th-:: ·3 ppel:i. 1-nt ,con te·sts, th~ t he -~~i::Lnot re-ce·i ve ~ •; ,; 1:-""e:d_l3ipt _ b?oks ..!Jxhs, P2 2nd: F3 as p·ar: ,iagist'er l£xh_. Pl, ,,t1c1t ;evi\l.en-c-E: -is AA. theret· to·· s·to·p me f:..·r:rn sustai1ri''.i:ng,· th:a '3ppella·nt's contc11:tion;••J-: 1 .·, •• , •• .... • .· ·_.q"; .;:· .: : :·.i. ··. ·~. . . '! ,,.. : . . ... ,, L have observ'"J. ..i;:ich• p5,;. Th).s1 ).s, 9n1 Inspection .lc.::::P.qr,~ 1:iy ..T.·,:c~i',., :'tlrJJFna+_,,~_u.:htor. It mnkf3;S r_a-fu.anc_a,: i~~-.~tpc3ipt book\ l\Jo·s•.. :0,3?~sr -:-· 039,999 a·nd·· 041501:,r _04160.0 1 clda..rn, t-hey'. dq;,Jlot. co::rFes?on.:i to .:~.1.e•::_nµmberi3 _g_1ven by PW1 .Ngusa. . ·I1h is. :::-.Jv_:o::r;t1, ;sh.p~_s· t_he :'1n t_er_na_l ,11 uJ'j_ ten~.. c,cnc;<~rn ,; ,put_, ht"3, J id not ·-comB.·•to give uvi,\J11co, .9,ri~J. ,h..:;-s_-,r390,rt te,n_clerei t11r,,:. g~_ .:thi:;,~ ;~ar:ty 1 a. _ a-s ·he .J:iJ. not giv0 -.:i,::i:.:·,)n~3 .·i$: in,a,imiss-~bl~:~· ·: This ;•~:?or:,t .fJ?S .~e_.qif·eri:id;" 1by.-PvH, ~who '1o3s nr,t profess ~Q have )se~-n -i.i: ;:l?eing writ:ton. , r:·m~ift .'.,'' therefore say, tl13.t ~.xh. PS, should. not hava been simitJCOLi°, ~i,:-~ -·~as''no /s. evidentinal value. · ·· · . ! . '. :. ~; .l'lhile I n:.=:.v;) ;;; i_J. 1 ;th,3.N was J?.O. ev:1,-tance, th::;t -t;:1.:i appe1lant . :-, a;lGCeived ,Receipt "boc, 1~s :i;:ir:h~f2::•,and<:PJ ,j"{~:;, -~a,iis~ar Ex.2;;;:f.+~ tlie :qu~-~~,ion ~=,;whet·hu_r·h:e JiJ :'.1-~t l'()C8i'l~-t_hem 9t 911·,.,pricks mY mins.1 •. ·:.~"t:y:,~s:nq(·.-~-f:l my via~, -.-by accil.:mt, -!,;:-et the a.l?P.'fll~nt:. h~r?,s_alf ,. tolJ th-:; ·c:i: is 1 cou~_f as. follows, and I quo·0c ~1im:- , . t . . n ! .· ,, :. ·.; "I r-.,9,.,:ivo:l the 2 rec::,ipt _ books.(=iccus:d_rGr_ors. ,...... , to .~:,~h.,. P2 :ind. P3). 3ni collac~eJ tharain 1 t_hEl ,11;· ' - · mo~1oy $.11s~_·.20;003/50_3s chF.1 ~geJ._ 1: ~::::·.·::; ~-:•.. • ' 1 .·.·: .\ ··; "~ :'.-,,(, ... rlith fois t::stimon}$,l e:i;r:9er.p:tL 1 c~n1;1ot ev3n wit];:;c~fof,~i:i'_:;~:·io· lo, avoid tho- con~lu.s:i.~:~1, i;;h:1t, 1;h3 ::1pp~.i.}.fl~r:JiJ r.:iceive' ,f~l1~P~ ,3p~ :P),,··:, whether or n0t, tho r.:c;.;ipt w?-~:--vil.:i, .fogi1!3t0:r: _.Lxh.Pl, tH.ng.)m!ll~~er,i~l. I:am equally has-beii:.,l. :to cipl}ciu:-1.8,,h,elpqd. un,:iquivocall~r by the ·apJ?~113nt, 1 that ha also lil ccllJct 20,~03/50: · • : ~ ~:~:~, 1 · •· ·· Did the -~:)P\J, i:-r1:; st=J:=,l th.0 rr,'Jqey ,as .ch.:.1.cg::d. or l ..;:,£.=:r:t .. ' :thereof? •.. ·.. ilccord.-ingt to rimo·c.cJ.. Nr.usa, the.-appe..ll.a.11t ~:icp],.,3in8l the s-::,or_t_9_ga._~s._follows: . I • '1 1 C \)_·),]_:·-:ICCUSGl in-my .or'fic0 in F:.,b.1977, ,. . i ·'· . -- 3 ,-?. :;,d•, I }ont r.s::im :3';r'· ;_:.,.r ., : anJ° -~,e.· to 11 · mG he ·., ... : ·;. ~ .•(".' r. •. us-.,J. .r!Jl this rno:'.lc:y to cµ,1:J;ivat,=· hi's p3rs·cnal ,·::. ,_ :·. -~ ~ . ! ·:... • ' . . -~- .• ~- .. '.·.~ ·. ,! sb.::::;.-b8S•.'· But: w1:i'e'n· c·ross - ·exc·mirtiJ., by 't.i:w appellant t.fr<1''imotny 1J,glisa ,':~c·omEi's-iW \Ybvfn ·1h u:13':- . '. .. .- . . . .. .. . {) '. ' .: : : ,::_ ,;: .:. . ,_-, : •.. _, .·.. ,·: :: . "The 2C('.QS3d"·- liJ"'t<.:ill inc he' spent' this :r.•·~10•y < :=: ;,•";'.-''. ,; ,: . . to c'nl·~ iv:; t e. lii s sh31r. 09·s·•.. 1\ cc us3J. d. id s~X:6¼-J ;._;;·:;.;(''I. "'.,.,·) : ,..- <: t11e 2:'u~i.it,'.Jr, unautnor•is'3J. P.Vs, for Shs.·:,2860/td -;:::;· ··:.'~, hs'': .,•·:.· .. -t~; ~13vJ ·s,·c)nt, on.'h1s: snamb':l• _· · .. '-. ·. J:--:• · •. ...... I ;·l-.-~::-:yS.::.lf,..is.Je_"thu_s~-PVs_.n ... -. i , •·· ': -~ ... ~,:. . ,..... \._-,._... ~ ... /3. . ~ ",.. .. . • .3 Hsvins examin3l thu 2~ovj exc0r;ts, it is behoving to qu~stion Mr• Ngus!?,' s er Jiit, i1: .-1h::it h0 w,:;s t3stifying. I surmif'O inevitably, that if ti1e c1 ;:,•;:,8.U.?.n.t ;l:::t,; tolJ .Ngusa, tki t h:s h3., spon 1; :" 11 t11e money on p.;;rscnal sh:1mt.,:,_s 1 th::m, th-:J pi2ce of 3vi-lGnc2. wi1ic> :i.s :1-:~1rsay, that the ap;J131J.3,::,_-;~ _;_l•'.'·.·. si!cwn PVs for Shs. 2860/=- to t1iG ~:i.lliitor, · as b8ing expenJj_tL,X";J 0n Sli3mbas, must dero:3:ste, from t.,.c, cr2.iit of Ngusa's t2stirn0n;y 1 ·clJ··t t~1-0 appelbut tGl,1 him ne h·;,:1 spent, all the money on pers,.rnal ,J: . ,'.mbas• I cannot im·~e;ine, how the nppellant would hav9 s3 il sn 1 k:iving sh,)wn the PVs for Shs. 2860/=, to the Internal 1iuditcr. FU1·ther, if 1,1r. Ngusa, J.i:i net sJ-:: t.:-1.e PVs, and does n;,t Jeny tn,=;;; ,)Xist 1 and. t11cy were n:.t tenJec~:=l f.3 t,;ey should, 1• the comp0t:rnce cf · :i.s lnsr.:ection re;:,ort Cxh.P,4, is qucGtiona"ble. The appell~nt 7 on the oth8r hani, 1id testify th~t he spent 2860/= on ,.;ork3r s f,:·,2mba, snJ I that they subsequently w2.nteJ to refund the same• He alJ.0,.: 1 th,1t h-:i p1.:1 i:l thz bslecnc0, 0n lab,, ur0rs working on motor venicle tr~nsJorting cotton. Ha sail, th2t tje PVs for such paym-3nts, were ce2.::.1od by the lnternal ,1uiitor, ,-.no ,Jj_.t iVit incluJe the same in his .ce: __'•>rt if:x.p5. As I pointeJ earlier,_ in cr.,ncurrence with th-3 .itepublic 1 t:,(;; omission to ·call the Internal lim:itor, as a witn6ss seems t~ ~o 0f sabotajing effect. Aithout tiis internal auJitor, it is impossibl,➔ to challenge th0 appell::mt, t~H~t,no such payment vouch.:l.rs U(,;:·e c,::as.:d by him• rlith0ut any '.)f -che ;.;nrkers, or 1 labour·.;rs, it i.s ,1,,·c ce.sy to safely co~1clude, thJ.t n•.) f.H'.Ch payments were effectel oy t:.:.o 2.['1,elbnt, nor can you safcly im1:.1.1t<'! thievish elements upon the 2::_1pellant 3nl co - workers, in usin:; tl1e 2860/= on their communal cotton sh:mba intenling to return the scrne 1 where the prosparity of cotton inlustry demanJoi a workers Jo~0nstration •. Over anl 0jovo the afocegone, an examination.of t~8 charge sheet .:Jl1ows 1 th9.t t'..:2 d-)t2s for charged. theft, were bcdao0n 2nd .August 1975 and 9/1/1976e And yet, the amount ca1arg;;;(L r~n&;e from 2/8/1975 up to 28/2/76 - rlacaipt Nos r-39965 - 88 3n.:i 041501 - 041522 receipts 041505 - 0.11522 coming after the charg2l i~tas. This would mGan convicting "iil10 r:ppelhnt for amounts unchar.g:.d 7 -'.:!n :-:ispect that is extr2mely irrJ~TJ.."r nnd prejudicial. To conclu.l,,, -crlis CJS3 w:is obvici;sly rnishanllo.:l.; misinvestigatad, so much so, th3t ~tis difficult to coma to a conclusion, th3t the case ·,-.as proved b=!"/\):1C'. re-"!scn.3ble J.oubto In th-3 ev8nt, t;.iis appeal must be allow,=1 1 c,,nvictic•n qu".lsh:,d an:i sentence set 2sicl8. The appellant to be r.:.<1.0,'.' s,•J;..l, unless otherwise leg3lly h :;ld. DelivorJi ttis 31st iay of October, 1977. M\rlANZA-. •