19911022 TZHC Tabora

IN THE HIQH COU,{T OF TI.NZ.mr.\ i~T TI1BOa.11 ~fP:mLL4~~ ·.. _. JUtlISDICTION \ . . . (HC) C4UMlN,)L ;~~fPi•~ NO. 9 ttt IO OF I989 - •... :, O.UGIN~\~, C~IMIN{lL Ci1SE NO. 43 OF I988 OF THE D+ST1:UOT -'coUi{T OF NZDG.l"'~IST1UCT ' .'lT NZlliGil :.. •- ► • ~ofQfQJ t¼ M, -~?Nl~YE _Esq. DISTi.UCT M,:"1Gis·r~-tjTE liijf$~ 4Nu~ -ftl!t•"•~~:,·~••••r•••••••••t ··•P~~~-l!iT . - . '_,._, :·L ~ ,;· :;: - - • - .., ; r Pri•gin~l ~oousod ) -; <versus . , : • j~ . 'l'H::J 1.JJPU.BLI9 H,,, • p , n:~,_;_. ~ •_• •• ~•., ~ i ~ • • ~ .IDSF'OND]?;:T _(, 9~~ Si!l9.l;-. .~rosoautor). - . . ~ JUDGJliiljlff ~ • , ,: •, i._., .-~- .. . . •· ...... ~ ,, j ' Tb.G-ea-41'~-~oA~Olid~~o~ a~pgal,, ThQ ~ppoll~nt, n~moly Musoma 4.ndrow -e,~J n,fa.lii~·:·~~-.,!I '.tt~~~f.;o.r. . t·o..-~ Mfo~r~(l t~ ~~ thQ I.et· ~nd- 2nd appollant!3 ··I'O~·po~ti vaiy -~6-t'o jaintl; oh~l'.SOd .~nd ®All~°'~-~- thi( : . I : , • , l ,•, · I . , • • • , Distriql . . Court . . of . Nzoga lli.~tdo'li , . . . of th-~- ,. .-Qf_f~nooe . -of;..bu~gl:lry, a.nd· \ . . -, --:. . . . , . : stc3.lin~, ooniif9.ry to soo_~i.Otil3 -?~4(~f '1tld. ·265'. 'ot -t~o ~:.nlr Qod~. · 1~~H~O off o~ooe a.pf9ar,0'1 04 t.qo pfl:\r~Q ~~ ~~, ainq 2~d QOWlts r~e.,Qo1it V'.l~f, ~no ~~rtict.U~f~ .. Qf ,thq offQn90 i4 thQ ).. +st ooupt ' -~ . woro th~t 04. Pr ~bQ~t . .. ~ thol4t~ (lay Qf ;QaooJ!lbQl'! 1~87 q,~ nis~t,, at 'l\:\bora 4oa.d wi thizi ~~t ' • - - . . ' , . , ' • I, , ' . , ; ,~ ,f!J N,oaa Pi'3~~i o"P. TabQf~ +fo~on 1 d~.q ~oin'!ilf and togoth9r ~roa.lc :~nd on.tot i~-i,~ t!io q~Qi{tqg hQu~o qf .ono ~za a./o HUil.r.},'i, :With µ~q.nt '.FO_~J~~Jlt\it'··. · . • • ·, ~ ~ ~ ._. •• > : • ;.:, "' • - .: ,• :·-: .: ~4 Qfto.rid9 thor9in,- 'to Wit' stoa.ling.' - ' -' ·- ' In tho 2nd o·oun ~, i. o., Stoa.ling, thoy wora jointly ch1.rgod of stealing an assortmont of article~ which inoludod two iffioc chairs ~nd two thormos flasks from th'lt house, all togothor vill u,,;d, n.t Shs 108,150 tho pro;iorty of tho s'3.id •• za. d/ o .Hila.ry. Thora wa.s an ~lso ~ third count which ~as pro~oroJ in tho a.1 tornati vo and it concerned tho Ist a.pj_j0ll9.nt 1.1 ono. Ii W'ls rocoi ving stolon propor1y. It was allvgod in tha.1 count that tho Ist a~pollant did roooivo '3.nd rot'.lin a thrmos flask v~luoJ ~t ~hs 1900 which ho know or h9.d ro:ison to boliovo that tho samo ha.cl. boon folonioualy stol0n or obta.inod.. ••••••• 2/ •••• - 2 Thora was• 3.lso ~ third count which ~~s praparo:i .in tho a.1 thorh'lti vo cl.nd it concorn-Jl tho Ist appall 'lnt al ono. It 1 1-l'lS rocoi ving stolon proporty. It W3.S :3.lLigc.1 in thtt ccunt th3.t tho Ist 'l);,011·int lid. roQci vo 9.nJ rot.:i.in 'l thormi: s fll!.sk >-, ' ·{ . •• • . . 1 va.luod at Shs I900 which ho know or ha.;t r4ason . to bel,ioyo . , th'3.t ' tho ea.mo .ha.d. boon ·. foloniously \. ·s~olon . . ori obtainod. ~ ; Tho ZnJ. l)l,P-3113.nt '3.1s 11 faccJ. a. so_par3,to count of rocoi,ving stoi~m pr,...,po~ty contrJ.ry to soc ti on 3II(I) of tho ,onal Co-la. It was tho 4th oo~t -3.nd it was a.lso proforroi:1 !n th-.. alternative to counts I a~:l 2, 'l'hE! p9.rticul3.rs were th:it th0 2nd. 3.,Ppoll.l..o.t raoeive~ a.n:i rota.inod twb of'fico ohairs va.lu.oJ. a.t Shs 16000 which ho know er/ a.nJ how roa.scn to boliovo · tho s1.mo tc h1.vo boon feloniously stolon or obt::iineJ • .a the _e,nJ. of the tri3.l bC'th. a.ppe).l.a,its. were oonvicte4 _of.the cffenoe of, burgl ':l.ry '.l.nJ. stealing. e::i.ch_ o,t them w:is sentence~ t0 £:i. va ye'l.rs ; . ,- imprisonmeri.t on the Ist count, th'l.t i._e. · burgl::i.ry, contra.~y to sootio4 294(1) (Jf the i'an3.l Cole. . . One yo'lr imprisrnmont on the 2.o.J. count -oo.iu+,t- _,j..a...ato~l,.illg_.2.65,..cf- ..the--~- on:J.l Oc.'do, ,....,. ... -• .. .... 40~•- ' :· • .aoth .'3._p;-olla.nts :l.ro new ::1.ppoalin.g_~ins.t. both--0.c.o.vi.c..ti-0n and son°'onco. ,:inJ both '!.p;_,oll :i.n..ts woro ,Prosont '3.t tho ho iring •)f tho '.l.p_;)e:1.l , but tf+oy ha.J no~hing to 1:;1,d tc wh:i.t thoy f+a.d st3.toJ in thoir ;>eti ti.r..n.s '.Dho tacts 6~ tho C-9.S :i a.ro bri :)fly thJ.t on tho +4th of .Qoc0J!lbc1• 1987, ?WI! s homo was br0k.en into by unknown pontlo ,'.l.ncl .3, V:l~ioty of items -9.s spol t out in the ch-:i.rgo isho:Jt worq s-tol on tharafrom, . r'in _o,-:iu). .l l}C't i.J.ontify 3.ny of the b'3.nli ts a.t thu time of commi.ssion •::f tµ-:i off e'!cc. i' .• · ' , .' • j <;-',::'on th~ ~Oth'of~'.l.ro'h . .' - ·:i:~iae, 'howcv~r th"o•'h,j·ui~-'c¥ th0.':an1"·.~:.:iB1i-~nt . . __ - ~ AQS,rchoJ in tho pr:Jsonc.::i of iW2, tho ton coll lo'l..lor :,;-~ th;., a.ro-~ '3.nJ._ a. bo:1· 3.,ni -tw..D~o.tf.i-Q.o_c.p.ai-rs-...w-oro-seizod from his ho~so, On tho 23r1'· . ' ' l~rq.p. !988, a V:!,rioty • J •I • • of i tJmS whicl) 3.i)f0:1,r to havo ·bo~n aoiZQ:d. from , •• •• • ' • I • 1 1 .~r!~t;il3 ~-4~p.09ts wqro t1fk_0p. _bof0_z:p _'. ~,u~~81+''• li'.Q-P1)lo ~h•~l .h.:~4. Jr:1.~. things st0l Jn f~om ~,ti.air h,:usos wore c3.ll e.i at· that mooting tc como -~nil ilontify thoir pro.r,ortyo ,·WI wa.s one of such poor,lo a.n•lshv i-lentified tho bo:i a.nJ. tyJo ch:1irs which h'l.J boJn scizoJ frcm thJ 2n·1. 1.;;oll:l.nt to hJ.vo bosn p:irt of hJ:stst()lon items. Sho p0intol out s~:•ooi3,l m:i.rks on tho boil 3.n:l ch·:1.irs. Thoy h"1..1 initi:ils of hor n:im.) 11 .'i~H•'' on th.;irrl-. On tho sa.mo d'ly, ,'WI 1.n.:,l 1.1 sc boJn cJ.11 od 9.t tho i '-'li c-.:. 3t1ti on to so..; :1.ncl. ijontify if• h::lr stolon rro;:-orty was -s.mong tho things, they ha.cl soizod froqi ~omo suspocti::i. Those th~ngs a_p; :in.r tr: h1,ve bo.:n at tho r;olicJ 3t':l.ti on. :It,; wvuJ:j ap~.oar how;.ever,. sho novor idontify anything at tho fclico St:ition. How ovor, w.bilo sho was still 3.t tho i.'olico Stl-tion .•.... 3/•.. 3 tho wife or a· rclati vo of the Ist ap.i)<4l.a.n~ brought tea in a. thormos fl~sk to tho Ist ar1.rell:1nt who \·1,1::s in custody thore. jnJ. whon Pill saw that thermos flask,_ sho · cla.imoJ thn.t it wa.s ono of hor stolon ;-ro;-orty. Sho u.id not hc;,wovo;r t•oint out any r,articular ~arks which. _on:J.bl9CJ. hor to identify it a.s hor stc,l on -pro;;orty. both s._i;:1:olls.n ts cl 1.imod othori•Ji_s0 th3.t tho so items wore their ;ro,artyo 14r, Kr-mba., tho lo,1::cn:J.l. ·;;,t1.to -Htt'\rnoy who ;;1,p;.,o:1rod. for thJ l~e;ublio declinoJ ;t_ii surport coi:ivi9tion c.,ntorod .s.g1inst ~oth 3._::;~oll:i.nJ~• Hith rog:i.rd to tho th6~mJs fla.sk·which.was tho Dniy lin~ cgnnoctin~ thJ Ist ~;;ollant with tho alL:igod off•Jncos~. it was 1 his_sub_mission ...:tha.t it wa~ __ nc.t scltisfaoto- rily itL:.ntifio::l tr) bo th.) ~~rc-~·:-,rty ' 9f i\Ho . . irnd with reglrcl . to tho- ch~irs thit. woro aoizoci from 2nJ. c1~:~:·.,;1J..1.nt 1 it w:i.s his contonti0n th'it tho ini ti-11s -".t.Ho.11 coulJ hiv:J boon i.nscrib0d if tor thu ch.:.1irs worJ t.9.k.on ·from tho 2nd I have. carefully cc.nsic.1.cro1 the ::iviJ;,,nco on rocord '1nd I am inclined . . . to agroo wi ·th Mr. Kc-inb:'l., · 1,y:.rnoJ. '..jt.1.to :1ttcrnoy th.lt tho thorm•·s flask wa.e . no convincingly idontifL:s.i ba_ :t.lU., ' Sho di::l,not ,r.·cint cut any . _ps.rticular marks th:1t on-J.blo her t,: idontify it .:1s boing en;:; of hor stclon /- pro~0orty. Jho se-:ims tc, h?.vo iC:.:intifioq it sim.i.:-ly by roscm:ila.noo. This ' · was not. onough pa·1\ti-cuJ..ir1y· for I- colllll'lon articles J.nd tho Ist a;,rollant wa.s claiming it to be his ;·r . :,r;ortyo jnJ sinco this thrm0s fl".l.sk. ·w:1.s thu c·nly pioco of oviJ.:::mcd th t :i;,poa.rod 0 .. to link th~ 1st a~;oll3nt with thJ offonco chargo1, it sh0uld h~vo boon convincingly 1nd satisfactorily id.ontificd by HH to bo her 1::r01;0rty., Hor idontifio:ition of tho :i.rticlo ,:1.s pointod .si.bcvo was in my viow f,:1.r from boing ad.equate :l.nd roli 1, bl Oo .1nJ -it woul J bu most uns:i.f o in my o;ini on to sust:1.in tho Ist 9.p;oll:i.nt' s conviction on th'3.t .kin:l of ovU.Jnco of idontific1.ti •Jn() Tho Ist a.;:;~>:113.nt' s 'l,i:; oJ.l is !l.Q_corlingly allowo:l. Tho conviction is qua.shod an__; t{1:.1 sontonco is sot asiJoo I'ho Ist a;:•;:c.lln.nt is to bo rol oascd. L rthwi th unl oss othorwi S'.l lawfully holilo Hi th rcg:Hl .to th.::, 2n.:1 a.;;:.::ll1nt I am inclirtoJ t,: th.; view th3.t tho chairs Elin-l bell wor-c ccnvincincly ..a~d satisfactorily iJ.ontifi,:id by HII to bo a p.rt nf hor stoL:Jn ;r,;;~-<Jrty., Gh0 ,rointod. out ~ th,J ini ti 1.1 s of 11 1 hor nJ.mo :;_ H ' which wore inscri bod on tho mo Sho, catogor~cally s~':l.tod in cross ox3..inin:ition by the 2.nl appellant th!).t sho :lid n0t ,r:u.t these initia.ls"it tho :Polico Static.n.· lv'ith r.:;s_poot, I am not inclined to sh'lt\) I.Ir. Kcmba' s obsoi'v:lti ons ths.t th:i1•0 was a. possibility th~t tho initikls lll3,y h~ve booh inscribed aftor tho bod 1,nd tno oh:iir had boon t.1,kon from thg-_2nd ap1;011a·nt' s houso• .·rhis ocntonticn 4 a;;ro3.rs to tno, with ros;cct, to ba . .s;:,ocul'9.tivo a.s thv,Y wis no oviJopco suggesting th'1t _possibility. If she wore minded tc Jo so, aho shouid have dono that tr• tho thorm,)s flask a.s well. S.l:io '\lso shtod in ro ox,::i.mination 3.t tho tri:il thJ.t sho saw soma toa cu;s b?lc.ngin,g to tho 1st a,;_))ollant ~tt tho :iolico :.H1.tion, _but she did not iJ.ontify trum as ho ---- P'Ol:iortyo It m.1,y not be without signi gi C:l.nc_o to not th1t on tho ch:i.rgo shoot, it W:3.s inJic:1tul th'1t tea cups wor::: some- of ·tho it:.:,ms · tha,t wore st'.Jl,0n from hor houso;, 'To my mind. if flH w1.s inclino.:1. to f1.lsoly claim 3.nd falsely im;Hc::1to th0 :11:-r :JllJ.n t, she shoul 1 hJ.vo cl"i.imoJ. thos,:i cups 3.nil sho would havo h:i.d thorn l :1.bzll ~Jct accor.lingly• . This sho did not :lo. I . .'3.m thoro fora satisfiod.that tho initi~ls woro not inscribed after thoso articios ,... ·. ha:1. .bcon s.)i'210:1 from tho 2n,.1 a.1:•j:,-)ll".l.nt. Other wise tho initials· 'lid ih ii\y vio~ ccav.in~ingly show th"l-t thos;:; items wore Hor ,;;ro;•orty. . I tho:r-::iforo agro:; v,Ji th tho finJ.ing of th•J tri3.l court th·1t thg ca.so ag1.inst tr.a 2r:d appoll '3.ll t W·3.s pr.0voJ. boy0nd r'l9.sOn3.blO• I1ho ".l.;,/oll<tn:t was . found with those stolon articles within a period of :1.bout throo mr:inths from I ' • • ' • th_o d:;ito of .tho_ commis8ion 0f tho off0nco. In the circumst1ncos of this ?~so, tho _lcctrino of cocont possossion was thor'cforo in my view,· rightly ap)liod. . I woul J and ho1·0 by uphold tho· 2ncl a;-s)oll 9.n t' s con vi c~i Ono rho sont:oncos i~ros0J woro a.ls•) in my viow a.ppropria.too Tho, 2n,1 3.p;,oll'iri t 1 s J.j;·)oll tho ref ere f-'l.il s '1.nll it.is .li s.mi sso:l. in its Jntirotyo A~ obsorvaJ ab, vo, tho Ist 3p;ollant's 'l.p;J3l is 3llowod. ii, H. SL1illLE JU.DGE 22/I0/91 Dolivor~d 0n this 22nd J3y ~f Octcbor 1991 in tho pr0soncu bf M~ •. i~, H, SEKULE ...JUDGE _ _ -- 22/ro/91