NA TZHC Dar es Salaam3 1

.: .' • 11, I IN THE HIGH COURT OF TANZANIA ·1 \ (Main Registry) AT DAR ES SALAAM II , I•,,;, .. '·, I MISC. CIVIL CAUSE NO. 27 OF 1997 I I· '. I I iI, /, I 1=··. I I ·. 1 I .• I. 1: I !:' I I 'l - ] ] I • ' I . ] PE!I1IO~ERS• 1 ] l ·'I ], /: ] .RESPONDENT~; : I ii ·1 ','' ' ,, I ,I .I ! I ' i ,. . . l,~j J ;, . 'I . . . • •· ,, . I, . '.. , 'II !j ·. \. - I ' '1' i ;i :). 1Hh : : •· · •. ~. ; · . ,.. · .••. · j ,· : f: ; : •'1/i'I~~":; '. .. :;': .. ·J ~t i'.Oli/;ii(;,i .. In. a thirty (30) .PafBl)faphed .Petition, c~vering thi~ five ( i·lf\i!':IIJ!l~,i:i: : ~.t 1 i II~ ,·_ I · ;I typed pages, the Petitio'ners seek a number of reliefs} which -r-) r '--...., · >i I clarity, we qu~te as follows:- . i :::t t:n::~:;b:t::":::;:;ed: ::= I LA ' I :1 I ''(a) (i) WANAWAKE, TANZANIA (BA WATA) invalid, null and vo,J and '1, I, I inoperative In law, -.. I {iJ) I l the purported exercise of the whole of the powers i and , • I 1 , ...,.:~~ I :,, . discretiQns and the issue of cfirectives ancl'instructioiis.:'bt the ~ I·. • • • I st . 1 and the·, Z1d Respondent in terms of the letters and '!'ii''l 1 · . I · 1'.i:' t 'i: . comrrzvnlc~:lon$ _marked an~ annexe.d hereto a~ Ex_h(bits 'i.1 J' I Pl~ P22,-.Jl2,f, P30, P35, P36{a), P36{b), P37, P.40(A), I ,, P41{a), P4J(c), P42{a) and P43{a) invalid, null an~ void and inoperf ~~:o 1i1 law; · :. 1 {iii) " .· the registration of BARAZA LA WANAWAKE TANZANIA: • . . • i ' {BAWATA) as a society under the So_cieties Ordinari~· was and is valid and that its orjgina/ constitution. accompanying .:, • I I . the ap~licatio!J for registration ls lawful· ! :/ . · _ ;: j (iv) sections 2(2), tie whole o~ section 6, section 9(a) and 19(d) ' : i.· I , (iit), the who!,; of section 12 the whole df sedi'on 12A, the i I I . I whole (Jf section 13, the whole of s~ction ·'24 and any 'I,. l' ' I I: _, subsidia!J' lt:gislation mad_e wft:Jer the impugned sectio s or \ ti ' 11 in relation thereto invalid, null and voic/; . 1 · ,. I I I . • "' • ·1 j 1• •j I ,~ .tfiat thepurported exercise of power ~-~discretion a! thr. pt and Z1d Respondents in respect of. the Petit(oners was ..~ :1\: • . : i ' .• ~ : oppressive, arbitrary, unfair, inconsis~~n61t1d µhcbnst{tv.Ppnal Iii' ,1,' ii\ t ,1;. entitlu~ the Pclitioners ;o!litly an'ci ..~eJeraliy to exemplary damages/ ·: . ·· I ;i ; ;: :i~ · • (vi) that the· iiPfflica,tlon ICM ~ermisslon ah~ appr~va~ ._ori ;he :' f1 amended constitution of BA WA TA· has 'been overtaken by II, I I I; ' : ii. . 11 ji events and lapsed unless the Petitioners! in their a~salute ' ,, . discretion ancf t'n accordance 'with their c~nstitution wish to ' If~;', r•,,;'.: '," . pursue it. !' • I I . t \ 'I l j; I. •. .. ... ·. i .. : .·•· (b) that this Honourable Court may be pleased to I I order that:- i. (I) I I, . certiorari or ,an .order in the nature 'thereof issue qua hing • I II the cancel/at/on of registi{ltion of 8,1:i°RAZA LA W.4NAWAKE TANZANIA (~~ATA) and a"m~ndatory injunction to· tAe 1st Respondent; /or an order in the nature there;/ r;storin the • said B,4WA~1 on, the Register of So~~:ties/ . ••. . ; I' .' sections 2(2), the whole of section 61 'section 9(a) and l -~ \ 9(d)(iiiJ the whole of section 12, the whole of sect/pn 2 A . the whole of section ; 13, the whole section 24 alJ.d any I ' subsicliary le9lslation ma~e under the iiugnep Sf:!Ctl~.- .s or ' ' I .. .,'· .in relation thereto st . be struck off the statute'book/ 1 ; (Iii] , • ·. · that the,. 1 afi(f 2 d 1espondents pay to the Petit/ ers•• exemplary iiamages in the amount that the Honourable I ii : /, may deem fit and proper in the circumsta,nces/ . I! (iv) .. ' i costs of this Petition to be 1raid by the Respondents/· ..,·· (c) ' . that this Handurable Court may be pleased to grant any . ---~. ,,:.... , . \. further and other reliefs that ,t may deem fit and proper': .• ' ..- ., ' 1i° 1,. ,I . I The ·Petition I\Vas broLJght unde'r ( 11l. ,Article • , 13(6 i .,: 'iliJ1i:~M1a,i,oc1),24,26(2) and I ~0(4) of the Constitution 'at he Unit~•· Ii: ,..,, ·,·!!.:,':'I: . ' ,., . : ;; ; ' ·. ' 111 ,, . Republic of Tanzania, 1977, sections 4 and 5 of the Basic· ights an · / i: r , .'·i· ·•.. ·I ... ,, , , •:! I )f: ,, ·. ; '. :!''Duties Enforcement A~t, 1994; and ~~ctio~ 9~,pf the Civil Proced~f Code, 1966. •· ~ ' • ·" ~ ' •• • I :(, ': i l ., " •I I _I . ,. ; .. ,t . , ·• .:,- I .• ,;, ..•. ·i: :I . Prof. Shivji represented Petitioners while , Ms. Ot ru, Stat :: ·:Attorney, represented the Respondents. I,.: ' • Ljt_ us ~6se h~C~. andj'elu~idate ~n a procrdural a$pe~ . • ' • ·• j ,.·. ( . . • " .. ' . ... ', ' .I H ' ,1·: .. 1;·1: ;.,I:;, .. ·.••"' ,, ·•. : • ' I .. '. .· '· •/ /I' • , :: i 11 I; I ' ,· '; I I .. ·.1 • - 1 ;)/]_}\/iJ ,:• 1.,),11,,,. . The matter did. not ~'roceed by way of normal oral hearing • t 111 ·ii';·:! ;·i j!: • · · 'rather by way of written submissions. This was as per ubmissi ' .. and written consent of both th~ counsel with leave of t e Court . ... . ,i ... . ;•, ,. : ,, . /,, 9: ' · was agreed that the rrtemorand~m of a~reed faCts [inclu~i ~ i .. dpcumentary exnibit~l and issues drawn up, duly sign d by b . h !':ill ·I, :i. / I· • . _.:', .·• ;' .i ' . -~ counse~, _-~uffic;e~ to make the Court make: a deter i ,in~tiori i, , _ .~·. : ' . ,, ' . '.,i,i;·,,. : ;·,,'. •,•·:'i.; ·, ·r· ·r·i·)'. ar9umints were m·ade by way df written submiksions ins' ead of \l f• ,._·"h~aring. .., -·•:i:r ,. . . .,.. ' . . .-........... ,. - -~--.-:,•~.- U~fortunately. _however, ',.. , t~ - ~~spond~nts • : . -~- -· ~- - y: Il -...• . did. .. • ot coj . . ·iJ/({_.iiXYlth the scheduled ordefl-ror the "filing of written ·sub,nis' ions. Th y : "fl l,,/,11.,i'"•• , . l 1 . . •~ ';: · ,1•• :,·r.1.ii1W, • . ··r , , ;•/I - I, • , , , , , , ; :' did not file any. Tredding on a clear principle ' of law th t failure 1 · . .. ' 1 file a written submission in' complian,e with a scheduled, ourt ord . tantamounts to failure;·io prosecute ~ones c2ise we· pr ceeded: 1 ~ I . ·: compose the present ruli~g. ':I , . i,1 :· '; ! • • .. '. I I'•, I I N_pW fo~ t~~. merits. : / ! :f · Fae~ u~di~pu~ed and. upon- which we s~all/tread on·: are;;· ..• .•,. 4 . • • · I I• .• .; , follows. · '/' · I , • !;1:)1:<. 1 st -I :. . . :if},:/ ,,BAWATA (1 1,/I,, 1,(1·,.,1,,1,1 . Peti~i1·--rer) wa~ _register~~ . ,:under I Jh ·societj • ·· , I.'' 1 ,1 , , • • : • ' , , .. . I , Ordinance [Now Act, Cap 337, R.E 2002], on :16 th May, 1 95 as· p· ! . , . ' I . . . · . • i I I. :i-~~rtificate of ~egistration ~o'. ?O,8408. · Th.~ 2~9 - -6th Peti iopers ~~ :! [ I . . . fl ,: ' !!;: . ' 'i. ,; 'I ':1: ',:, I I t ',I . \ ,, ' i \ : ri , I • I I ' ., , ,I ' . J -~:; ..... 11 ·,11':it ~ i ,, ; / '1j_\,:' '. ... ' ,1•1 I h . i; ;j ' i ' ' ! ~ ' • ''-' l ·• BAWATA office besrers and membess otits N~tji;in:i Secreta : t: ., :_ i .i yVhile .the 1st and 3rd ,Respondents' titles s'peak for..then'ts° Ives, the ' (,' · Respondent was· the Minister of Home Affairs durin the p ''' .. ; when the events leading to' controversy took place and at the , I i ' , • •: ' " • • ' I l I ! I . ,., !I, I 1 ' :: I: •·· when ' I ' "the petition wasiOec;L . 1 i • H 1i '''i'•' ii '1 .• " .. ' I, '[' . : , I I; ' 1 : ,' 1 ' it ' (·. . ' ' i; -~ .• I . ; ···• : ' '. ,' 1' : • . ... • ' • . • .• • • '. • .j : .While _the idea.of for~ing a non~paCTisan::wo_men_'s yrgani~,\ \, • ' i; • I I ··: I, !. i was hatched •·sometime in 1991,· it took its .frame at :a .·· . ::.' ; ' ' . Conference· ·di, Wdm;n '.'and Multiparty ~ politics in T,_ ~ania I/ . I , / ·,/:, ·,between 24th and 27th, )ulyi 1994 :and I jl, a,' , W' convE}ned, ~y:r,th~. nd Petiti~ . ' · 9 ~ .. ,1·1 •. .. • • 'i. '·.,.' With the assistance of hertcademk staff of the Univers ty of Dar e :i , I ' i ' " ;' i! ·• Tarehe 22/9/1 93 [ i '! !. , ; I Dr. Anna Tibaijuka, ,I I University of Dar es ~a/aam1 ' I ' S.L.P. 350911 . . .PARESSALAAM · u/.s. , Vice Chance/or ,, .. '' university of Dar es sakiam ·, i ,' r: CONFERENCE ON THE PQS[l70N OF W{JMEN : ' ;i: i IN THE MUL TI~PAR!Y DEMOCRACY IN : , TANZANIA •. ', i Ii I:,; I , , I • . ' I • I I ' I i :i I, ' I ti~- ~ ,·,J .·, . I' '.ii . !. ! • ,, I I" " .,1 i ,I .. . ..·., .. . .• . i .1 ' .. ' . · The women's Organisation of Tanzania (UWTf would like to take t~is oppo unity to ·., tflank and ~ongratulate you personally for the initiative efforts fhat you have always taken in I, 1: _I:- • ·· ~ /pf1U, women aware of and sensitive :to thei~: gend~r needs and call for solidar(ty amo \ g them . 1 . , As you are aware, traditions and culture In the country supported by th male I•• ' ,I • ;_ ~~'f~nated political and government 5rstems have not only marginalized woinen but ave also .,I:)\ !~~~~red the differences among the"':i In the wake of the mult-party system we be ieve that , .: 1i'-".(~$~r differences and diVisions amo1f, women are due to occur to the disadvantage f women themselves. It is in view of the above that UWT ._!1as been watching with keen in , rest the . j1p/rticlpation of women in politics in the transition period when Tanzania is preparing, for Mult- . ,.. •,h:•·• 1:,,-... I . . ,'· :·pqrty O~mocracy Elections. _So far.(fl. series of workshops and seminars on different spects of , ', , ' ' ·t·1,i.:.:i ti ; ·-· •, . ~ develppinent for women have been organized .~Y a number of organizations an~ '1; stitutions···;- ~- . engaged In women development in the country. ."· . ,.. ' 1 , ' i/ l >: .Whi/e appreciating the efforts taken_ by the _'organizations we feel that no e of the workshops and seminars has really touched ,,_ the burning issue of the position of wo en in the. '• niult-palfy. clemocracy in the country. ··We feei that it is high time that a co ference is 1 convenecf.tv.'Jiscuss the above theme. , .I'/ • . , ; 1. : 1 Knowing and realizing your proven . ability and ;xperience in women e ancipation I , , • , •· , , • .i .. lssqes,. we requesi- you and yotir colieques In the academic field to convene the above onference tf~r<women frc,fii_ii walks of life induding professionals, NGOs, religious g~cJups, pol.tical wings •'J '':ii,, .. I ·' ,1:A1!:'.1Jm~1 a/1,aSfOCiations engaged in woien and development in the country. We sugg t that the · rl•,;/j~JJ(erence should be held in early NfiVember this year {1993). · , · While thanking you in advance fo: accepting the request a.nd soliciting tu'. prqpos'(:!d conference, we are looking forward to participating fully in the conference. I ' . •,~ L.'.1,1:. . Looking forward to your early response. (Sophia S. Kawawa) CHAIRPERSON OF U. W. T" • At the said conferenc€, attend~d by about 400 wome (as per ' ' . \':-~r'h, _P10- minutes of the conference) it was resolved that a non - ,1 '" . National Women's Organization be formed. A interim i 6 ',' . i: 'I' I , .. I _:·:· l'.j\; ;" I I ' • .. I ' ·r. !:"' :::t·;~ I:, 11 ... I 't ' • I l • Ir nd ii<C~mmittee of 10 persoiis was elected wi~h the 2 petiti ner as ii S ,; in~e;im ! chairperson. The conference. approved in princ pie a ctr ' :,j : ~ ,I .. • !, 11 '~ . II ' !ij';'p·.rstitution [Exh 3(d)] an,~ mandated the.Committee, am ng oth~! !I 'i:, !1\ ,'1·::1:1'':!•1'1'. :.ii', ~ 1,' 1: r 1;~ _ : , .' : , . 11 , I •· •. • .: I' I: t J J":•tJ'' complete t~e BAWATA constitution by providing a suita ·'.~ I • . . i : 'II . • I ! . :. $truct~re of the orga·nization; to get the organization registered a tj ! I.,:'. .,;L:,:1, · ~, j i ! ' to convene a general meeting to elect permanent leader (page 6 f [; ' I ... . akh. P 10) . . _,. i: ' ' . _,. • . . . . ... " 1 : • :' •• 'j l 1 ' 1 \' , ,! ·., : r· ., ~- /' · : ' I: l i, I I I I:: th th Betweef)i •,19 January and 15 February, 1995 he Inter • 1 I : I Il :, .. I ,· i•· I ~. °4' ' ~ '\ • I . ,J}:· •This was followed· ~r, a sympos1um· h~ld at th1= Br tish Coy , I • . •. I • .; ( '· • 'I 1;1 I on. 18 th r · Fepr,uary, · 1995; The said symposJum was atte 'ded by., . Il .. . . : :. . ' /:,~a$ pr, Exh r6'. ahandwritten !~~::~!though Exh. 14, ty: ed mint e states 72) women who included those who attended th confere c: Ii: · · i ~ , ,: · i . · 1 i I :l"1' ; · , :, I . i I , [l'.,::,-:·p~ld at the University of..Dar es sala9m. At this m~eting., the diffe. r ; ~; • I . ·, I ' • ' •. I , . 'I l . ·:111 , ji, ,: views were analysecj and ·a ·1,' . ,, • •. 1 .strllct~Ye which in.valved est: ?lishmen :' ._t. ; I • I . jl' t. •,: :liii :: , .,_ Iii .1' I. i/ 1, . 1,1 i ·1! .. Ii, : ., ' I• 'I • : I:: ' I II ' I,: :j,,I !''ii . I ' I ., ,'1 •• , ", •. . .. ' '., . :I . " ~! . I I i ,. i ·I I 'i . I. I ,, ••• ,. was '_; i 1.included in the draft cons~it~tio~ [Exh~ P. 13] which was a opted. ( ,,. I I j. "'I" • ' " · Thereafter, the Interim Committee complied with t e obtaini 19 i' . ,:procedure, duly filled "application for Registration form// (f rm SO 1 ~ · '. J, ! I . 'i I, Exh. PS) and the ''statement of particulars to supp rt in (s :) , i J ,qpplication for Registra.tion" (Form SO 2 - ~xh. P9). The said for 1 , ~- _· ·.! ' . . ·, ·.,,,.,,:.: . ,. ... ·.,.·' .....-· ...., t ._,. ,;:., tf · .... • !" ' • I I :: 11 I i · together with a covering ietter dated '2ih F2bruary, 199 : were se :; !,.,: ; : r ·, ,\~O, ithe Registrqr of Societies. Th~ ·,said letter (Exh. P ) had t. ~ ;'I,. ... 1 ,,,!/,,,1, ,, 'I -'!'··-;:\i'. I · ,,. ' ,· • , I '. ~- i :l I, · ' 'io·'·11owing·.- -~ • ·• '· 11 i\ Ii .;, · ,II•I I ;-ii I :i•'i IiL::Ii •I ,• i ~ ,,.:,: .: '. ,.,, . !E, ······································· I • 2/h Feb cJ!r✓ 1995 . .·/ iff .. I 1!: TheReglstrarofSodeae~ . I ". .'\ · ': Ministry of Home Affairs, I I_•• P.O. Box 9223, DARESSALMM Attention: Mr. F. W. Mushi ii' . i-1, I . . ~f $Ir, '• ' i i ': ':, R'e: I I APPUCA TION FOR THE REGISTA TION OF BARAZA LA WANAWAKE TANZ4NIA,(BAWATA);. I . L ·1 ' i ! ·! Iij 1: Je ,I Wish to refer to our first ~Ire~ to you (Ref. .BWT/AD 1/94/3 dated ,fl> , ;+.Atn(qtm1ng xou of th(: formation and ~r;,tivities i:tober, 1 of a non-partisan National Women Cof!nct7 ca/Ii ( i •. ~ i~ .; :, : :BAWATA or Baraza la Wanawc1ke Tanzania. In that)etter we stated our Intentlo. :to register ti ] 1 · sair;J BAWATA which was_ formed by 400 women who attended the "Women a _d Democra. ,1 Cohference" which was held at the University of Dar es salaam between 24-21 July, 1994'. i . · copy of the said correspondence is hereby attached lor our easy reference (enc/o ure 1). . ' 1i)1 ':'.;)w~ iJISo wish to refer to our fa/lo°y{ ..~LP letter (Ref. bWT/ADM/94/6 dated llh N, vember, 199 ; /: I ,,, . I W,1({1 V(hich we submitt~d a progreS$ report of cur efforts Iii .finalizing researc on a sw"ta il ~rq4n/zi1t/onal structur~ for BA·Wt4tA. That correspondence too is hereby att. ched for Yo ,; :fl tefere(Jce (enclosure 2). . [ i! :!:( .... . ~ J ,;I !\ ·'{: I \1 • .• ·• 'I '1· ";, . ·-~ ! I' ., I • ! . • ' . i. . · :.· .i1·1· . ',' .• . '.:• ,.,. Finally, we wish to request you to refer to our last m~eting on the same subject in your office n, 1 ,... JJ January, 1995 when we further briefed you on the progress we have :reached in uf: i1 '· 1 , consultations with various women groups on the Interim Constitution. A protocol of the id (liscussion (enclosure 3) · · .. meeting from our }our/Jal i!j_ hereby attached to refresh your memory of the· deta11s of · ur ' · I I 1 , You may ;ecall that we gave,vou a capy of the BAWA TA Brochure which, togeth~r with the d. tlj .Constitution, were distributed all over the country in _December, 1994 ( enclosure 4). \ . , I . Thf! UWT asked and was given 200 copies of the Draft Constitution for commeqt (enclosure )~ \i, i: T,he aim_ was to disseminate _infor'!1ation abou,~ BAWA~A and it~ propo~ed or_ga?ii~tional s~ruct r 7 • 1 'l' lj:, ,;~o..as m~.ny women a? po5stb/e, m ~rd~r to gwe them a chance to atr thetr v1ewr5 and gtve t_. , .'.:. 1 i: Ii .l!\:!i:fµi9e~t1~1s on.the proposed org9m1ptJonal structur:_e. We are glad to say that ie have rece, d1 ·:1/1·,'i1'l~~fRC1nSli' ,from more than 200 wowen representmg a large spe.ctrw;n of wonven groups ~ ' '/n(erests all over the country. Yes we have even received valuable input from s'c veral men · o wish BAWA TA the best in its struggle to restore equality among tb~ g~der! All . fs input has • . ti'o.. cons/de'rable improvement in t.'he proposed organitational structure for'BAWA ~- :_ :The SOU: - .:,·; 1 .'.~ , of the r(]sponse from the regions and from specific women groups is summa 1ed and her, ; l . ,:l.:;,,,~<lc!osed (enclosures 6 and 7 ~especr(vely{ :.· ; i 1 . :', As a result of this good respo~se, o~ 1Efh February, 1995 at the British Council's onference II;· 1 a meeting was held/or the purpose of discussing, consplidating and"integrating all the v~:JI :s1 , received. . We are glad to re.port that the said meeting unanimously approved the BAWf\ f1, : ··d:, ·.11,,,,. constitut_!.'1 a ~opy of which is'nerebr.,¥ttached (er••:/05J1re 8) : ·; . i.'' ·. I .., : r, . ', Further more, the''ininutes form the above said meeting as well as the fgnature of: ·i: participants w!Jo attended and approved of the BAWATA Constitution and th~ registration of • BAWATA are hereby attached (enclosures 9 and 10 respectively) :· ' 1 : . 1 ,1(1 the course of disseminating information about BAWA TA and collecting views, )e ~a~e recei J ., . ,tr(]mendous response fr~11J !JJer 500 women in par es salaam who. are waiting\ eagerly to J in· , BAWATA as soon as we are registered (enclosure-11). · · · ' ' iii , , . ; ,,. . I I 1..' \ :~g..9·inst this backgroun~ we submit this application to register our, association an1· request yo to ' l:'jl !.i;ilif{1dlygive it YOLf most speedy a~r,tion and favo~able considerqtion. . :: I,: /Iii' i!l •,1, '· · · · ii t , ' \ 'i\l;\rne relevant· forrn.,/appi,cation·torms, namelyJo/;,· so 1 and form so 2, d y filled in signed by the Interim chairper~n 9nd the lrJterim Secretary General of . TA are her, attached (enclosure 12). · t · ·• '. ''' · :.. '• ,, ... i - ... . .t! . i I •i, . WQ' th,mk you in a9vance for youir p.ll:)peration and are ready to .'supply you , It.1,~I~'"" 1 • : ith any furt e ·I ~ . ·· Information that you may require. · .. · · · . Yours Sincerely, (J. ... ; i. 1. frof. Anna_ T;baijuka, 2. ·Ms. Elizabeth Nzagi . 1:; . Interim Chllirperson in,eril1j_ S'ecreta_ry G~neral , ' ' ,;: . . ·: .._\.,, .. ...,,.. . . ' 'lft Mqry_ Mama/le-·, · , J. .• ... • Dr. ~th Meena nter7m TreaSlf.rer · ·committee Member I_'': ~ Ms. Sa/ma Kauli · 6. , Ms. Deborah Mwenda Committee member . ('lJmrflittee;membet: , " . . I 9 ' !.I ' ' . .. I ,11 J; •• 1 •. .• I : \ I I(. ,. , I -. 1' . I' ' I I M~. Margareth Manoni 8, . Ms. Olive Luena Committee member Committee member : Ms. Magdalena Kaihuzl 11 ·Administra,tive·otficer." ·! ! i' •1.After·.®out ,; L'.::i,.. . ': two and a ihalf months (2½) .th~ BAWATA was 'I . registered - that was on 16/5/95 (Exh. Pl). * I • • Si)\. days .prio~ to f{eglstratl6? howev~r, the ,9ffipe of , ,. w ,. . i Err , :;I I ., P: Attorney General responding· to a c~py of the Petitioners] letterM ; ' .• ': . ".·. , ' . . . ' II ,t I, .I the Ministry of Wome11 and Children (then) regarding their applicati,: ,I, ., : " ' · .. • • l. ' :·: ,: ': . ' . . i ;' i , J, 1': ,J9n ~egistraticin, while lamenting ,/1•!':l•rr:-1:/ 1! . on the Registrar of Societies' fail '. :~:-: . r ':• ',i!,',:!'ta •'avail a copy of the coRstit.ution and their views on 'whether or ri t 1 [: 1 . • • , I ' • ' .. •. . • .,,.. ,' .1 •. ,I . ,, :• • • . · ·. · . . I. : Ii . the application complied with the law· as per proce~ure, went ahe' d;i: ! ,)W~nd bl~ssed the appH~ation tor Regisfratio~ in the following wordJ} 1 \ .i. · ·. (part of the letter- Exh. P17): : I "<>. . ~- ' .·" ..., ii ' ;'- )\ ;;'i ' 'i . . "Ha,.~; hivyo , kwa mqzungumzo ·;;, simu (Ndosi/Nz:g!) ya tarehe ~ ' I • I • ' •• ,'t • : I I '·.. .•. May, 1995, ni/ikushauri umletee Katiba ya BAWA TA · 1/i niipit:ie kabla sfjafjibu barua yako ·n~. u/ifanya hivyo. Nimeipitia katiba hiyo na ' • . . :,·• I nlmeridhlka kablsa k'7amba malengt> n;J matara;io' Ya chombo f?ich'o ', I \ • • (BAWAT1~ kama ya1i'7(JOnyeshwa kwenye kat~~a, hayaf'ngani na : ·. Katloa. ya n~~i wala shr(:1 zozote zllizoko hlvi :~asa hapa ·~~hi'nl, na 1 ', ·, .. kwa ~ababu hiyo, k~~ n,fk~la ya barua hii n~m_$haur( tJsaji/i %a Vya!T.'.a . . atakapoJlridhisha na ma~hart/ mengine yote kuhusu usajili wa vyama, . akisa}ili chombo hik~ l'AW,4 TA. •: I ,.,,, I .. I .• • .. '. .. .' ....•"' .. I ' 'i Ii' ! ·• : Iptt(\j;ii':; • I. I i: I . • 't I, I · · • l 1 ) • l 1'1·1 t I t, /_•; •., ·l•fj1rNi.:·1l: 1: F1:!!i1 .! i'. I I •., ;_;'."'.. fl ;l~--~~ . ···! .· ..:. • .· - ·• lf'··ji·· •-·:.: r . :<'.> ,> \'·; · l: >•::ir ·.::y· 1 ·, r t I :,•i) I ·'> I • .. ., ;1! 'I ;·'' i '1 ··1 1 • l1,I 1 l • • • ! ,: . •r . • . ,: .!, , /1 i ///'. !i ; · . Napenda kukupongJ~1 wewe . blnafsl, n': kwa kupitia kwako, I I :; (f1HJlf1"d 1 1.::!, '. '.; ' ',; kuwapohgeza wanawa~~ rrengine wote wanaoshiriki pamoja na wewe :·. :I .,!:-1~.l(i '.1-' Jn CI/! kab'ka kufuatilia UiJf/Z///shrraj/ wa IMWATA. Kab'ka mfumo wa vyama ' (; 1 • vingi vya siasa, na. uklzlngatia kwamba chama cha umoja wa wanarvake wa Tan~~lp ru: w. T.) n/ Ju['ti!ya chini_ra Chama cha siasa . l ,'. '. cha CCM, wanawak~ w~ T/fnZi1n/a walio wengi, ambao sio ·wana CCM , :i'.: ~anabaklq-bila cham~!)a~ cho~bo cha kut~tea haki zao. BAWATA I ' I • ', itakuwa jlbu kwa kila mwanamke, awe mrereketwa wa CCM ,CUF, NCCR - Mageuzl na~adhallka, au awe hana shughuli na chama ..,. ·. : chocbo,te cha klslasa. " i.. ~-' .. ·.-: .. I II I fI ; 1' I . .'t; . ' • ,:,...,:, '.I, "· ,·:T ..., . r·I•.',T""" . .,. ;', i!\ ! ~at :le~er wa~: c°,ple~: to 'th~ Prin~ipal Sec~eti:lry, Pri1 ,; , I,; ,/ i.Mi0istel'$ Office, Princil)al Secretary, ("1iAistry of Home Affairs ar)d W;:• 1' ·I·:lFlrin~ipal S~cretary of ttie then Minist~· 0¥ Women a~d Children'.. ! : 1.: :: II :: f,i-. ,~i,i1'l 1t1n1.:::1 ) : •'/(JI(~!1 1\'IU11 ;", ; ·1' "'! . ' . . . . ; , . . ... t I, . i ,! \!'' ··. . . I 1 i' I « ,,:,,,,, Following its registratiOn, grass-rpot br~nChes including thoJ, !I ) • ' • 11 • '·ii' " . ' ' . ,. ' .... fiii,J/!l/;Piptict ah~ ReQjbp~ j, 1Jevel were establis~ed ~nd 1 1 , ': •elections thereof conducted. " . • 'l I . . ' .. ... . '•, .,: ·,, ., ! I ' I .... • , .. , .-~ .-~- . ·-~ . , :1 . . . /.·) ..; 11·,.~i ,, ·1· . I .I ,., 'i1, 1 . I 11 17 September✓ 1996 1-i\iii~I l:\J;' ......... / ........ ,........... '\I I , • ' • ~,( •. ! .. ; ',,. ,, 'I 1:l,;.\:ir.~-~t·'" · , "· , "' ,uu, ' .. Baraza la Wanawake Tanzania ' 1 1 I l ~ .. ',: ,:,,,! .. '' · 1•11 . , S./..P 31147, lP~R ES S(l.LAAM 1i1 ,I I l ; ' ' . . ~ •I . • . ' ' . . , ! I I' i'\ I! \' ; ; 1 I \ '· I:. ·.,· L~J~:iJE('{PfSHAJI WA BARAZA [A WANAWAKE TANZANIA (BA WATA) ' ~: , ,, I .· . I . Ii !I I , Serika/1 imefanya tathmini ya uen.deshll}I wa PAWATA tokeq kuaniikishwa kwake hadi s. sa · i IJ i m~mbo muhimjl ya(flejitokeza. . i 1 J ' :· .', i1)ct~1.1nfio wa katiba' ya BAWAr../ um~kuwa na kasoro ambazo zime· atia BAWATA nafaJ: \:1 ;I ' \ kµ}ifWdesha kama .chama cha sI~sa na kuweka m~ndao unaofanana n ule wa vyama vya sia a. · . ,. _.:I/ \f ~/d~~ ·katiffa hiyo haikupitishwa k4.,J;araka ?fl• wanawake wotil k ma 'llivy~kJsudiwa ·.d I. :I~;!,! 'I . ' , •1 ; r J: 1! litltlf\m· ,••~utano .Wa wanawake hao Ulioazi(r.}~· kuundwa kwa Baraza hilo. /~1 t1~·l1· ;1p ·1:: . ··:. I • :k\l :it' ,ril!t'.·,,. 1 . i.l'' ' ,,,, • · . ·· ' '. ' ' '.,,j\ ! ·111 1/' ! i '·1 · . \; 1 11 • • ,.t-tti:,1'1/,i!~dikishaji wa BA~TA _µ/ifikiwa bili!.mambo muhtnu yafuatayo kute -elezwa:•- ·:: ·, , ii::_: 1 1 1 1 • . {I) kt/tisha mkµtaf(,o mkuu wa chama kwa ?J}ili ya kucha ua viongozi na kup,~i . / . '.1 . 1 rasiinµ ya katiba_ ra ~WATA kama ilivyotarajiw,.,. 1 , • : i, '. I, jl! 1 (i~), Kutu~ia BAWA TA' ~~u99an{sha, ~hu~huli za' wanawake nchini za kujiendt, .:1.{:·I kiucht/mi np kijaml(/;it,c/'1/a Yfl ku]iendesha kisiasa. · : . ·~ \'. \1 :r \1j (ill) Kµondpa mtanrfao wa. BAWATA mi~~nl, wikJyani na vijijini kama vifanyq 1 ,Pit\! vyam?J· vra siasa.na bada/a yake ~u(atibu mcJtlala ya. maendf!leo ya wana~. f' '\ ~. •kitaifa.'· .. ,.~ ••. •. , .- ·· ,, · · . ·~·~-1 • '.tj~Il )··'· . · ·1 . • · • •· :.:(. . ' • . · '··• --, ·· · • 1 · ·. 1:,·l ._:,; ::-.:Jifl/f~(okana na dosan:hi;o ser(k'Jli/nfatikia uamuzi na in';a¥"z~-kaitia ifuat~vyo:~.: .: . , • :1 \ !.: \\ ., ,,~; ...,...... ·1 · • ( :) · 1• • :~.. · · ·' I 1 . A,GIZO; Shtlphuli iote za BAWA.TA zinasiti~hwa kuanzia tarene' ya :barua hii hadi h~ ·p:.1l:j. a4WATA itakapotekeleza mambo yafµatayo: , .· ,. n: \' :1 ,, , :; i' I , .. , (I) kuitisha mkutano mkuu kwa mujibu wa v1fungu vy. 5 na 22 vya katiba Jf.t' .\ · I,l I • ;;.;,1',•'1. ; 1 1 hatirnaye -1 .:· ,·., · 1 . , • ~11•,r,1·1 ' :.i/ .·: '. 1· (a) viongozi wa BAWATA wachaguliwe. , •, ,! . ·:! i l. , 1:,:Tl• ' ·•• (b) Katibp_ ya BA~TA ikubaliwe na kupitish~ na irana~ak~ wote~ ~, 'L . ., , :J h: ;(: 'f 1 iondoe BA ~AT~ katika muundo wa ueh~~sh ,Ji u~aofanrna na vy1 1: 7i 1 .:.i;:r:l~jl,1,11:li._ ,l ' vya s/as'a nif: IW~.•na muundo. wa 'kurat(bu V.. unc/.~ vya' ran.~wake It! \\fl:·: , •; • 1 ,i; f. ~t Sii1dlltj:1 ,..1:·,.1i'Jf••,i'""' ·, , ..: maeridelep. .i-,··n' . •. . . ,.! f?i/a kufuata maen~q yq l<~asa na tawalil. ·. • i . 1 .. ·11 ,. I ., ; j :i:.1 · 1 1 11 1 ' ' '. ' ~'~ategemeo yetu kuV:umaagi,O ;aya y~tazinfiJliwa ;pi,sav/J/ • • • • ' •• I, ♦'. .• .,. • ~. , Jl,i . :'~ , , .• i '.'.: '. '1' 1 I . 1 1 1 1 .n • ''·'-• • ·-~ • ., I ·•1·•· 1•1 ,., .• . , , 1.1 ·1' r,:i•1:' :· \11ti*' ,'., .· i'\ /t,W,P.MU.'"hvl ,, .1,.;;· I ~ii!;t:i:' ~::j :\.! I. ! 1r, .,, , / : ('' I · · it•::, · Kny: ' l(ATIBUMK',::Jn 1,..1 I '1; I, ; I• 1. • ~~· \) · ,, j ; ;j·i: ' .... . I .I . /1 .I rr) c· ' .Ii\! · '' 1 ,, II t ~ ~ 11 :1 i1 fl I •tI ' • ,1' .; 'I..·· .•. "·l1·:::\1 ( ( ·, " 1, ; ··1• I ii• · ... , 1 \.t::·:'lPt:1: '·• ~-- !-"":;-·',···;·, -~·' .·•, ;:~_.:,,. - ( \\:_::--::)J\\';> . :ll'JJ{~·-i:-\i;\l-1,,;\:iti·:'. • ~.1{ :,i•i!it;, I .:•· ·,(. 1.-:·... ... •· ·.: . . ·;,;1,-·1·•'•.•·':-·.1-i'',ti1ff':1,'.j, ,: i:'Xi: :{t'• I . ~· ,, .._. !".. _. . \·r-.,. jJ\J:: · . .. flt . :!i: "i""rl 'l' r ,: • ,. :;,\ ••..i _. . ' - ... ·,, 1 i ..·" ;, ·, · ·',I , •· · l ., . .. ,. '1. I ':.l' , , \ :( '•I _. j · - j\ 1·:, ;1. ·1 1 ')• ' 1111', 1·- • . nd j' ;, . ·. ,'. ·'i '11'.tl:,:,',I -~n. her. capacity as. a chairperson of BflWAT~, _the 2. :·r ' : ·, :;~~1i:1(\lj:\r~li 1, 1, ·I 11 •. \:/ . ' ' I , · ,. , J'q~~sp~ndent responded by . 1 ~ Ieng ·explanatory lettfr dated,·i19/9/96 \ :\~ I- ( ;,,;:\~r- ~3) in whi~~. she t?jlly. disp~ted !the allegatr1s; .insisted that' I: · theY·-had followea procRiural steps in BAWATA Rjgistration and itsl i l 1 .· ~ T 1: , I • ! 1' .ll~-~.~~rship elections and. that it was in no way involved in po,litics nor !I'.'.: '(/fl ' ' · ri t ;i' I ·W~~ :t· ~ohducting itself as ,/political party. The l~tter disc!Jses also Ir.; 1 ' ;_ )rt~~.t fqr the same alleig~ti@:ns, BAWATA le~rer~~~! i;~~l~lreact;(r I t I I ' ' (·, l, I' I ! , ·I · \:~i~ined itself before th;· Minister for Home Aff'~ir~ l~t :a/Joe the lj1 i'i ! l') ;-.,r F: :' : .. \ I • • I . l "\ ::. .·1}~~1Ji1~1f~1t on 25/9/~5.. Exht~ attracte~ the authorp ~f Exh. 24 on t::;: ,: ; · 111/10/96 by the Mm1~trt of Home Affairs. The sa1id Exh. 241 runs as \ I < ~ • I! ' ·, '·• '·~~. . •, . I • ~ ' . ... -~" ·. · .: ' :· . ,. s w.P. 11;shrJ . (F. 1<."n.\~-· ;'ij;!,.~·10r~su MKu~:, . '/,· ' ' .o•1 t ." .... .-::.i•f·i:i;,,\11:~1.t1U,•1;~_l:' • ... •.. ~: . ~~-1-111•,. j'1·:- "'\!'.i•(·: ' ·:.<)· ·• '~-. ·=it·,... .·., i·i .·/J, ,.·... ·-;•.:.:-,.·· .. , .. -~·('.· ·.•··· r\:: :I::,···1,. ;,tb·;: .f' ,·, '\.,:',·<· t.'.J"• .. . ·;J::;\\t:,11t1,.1,J.":l·~\, -•t•,tr,. ,,. r ..• •·'.'.iil/·~u.1:.·. . · ', ,·. ,('!j' ..-, :,1 1 _;_.:i' . , , , ·. •11'i-·, .·• ' 1l).'. •: :) \ ' 1 1 • • I· , j J-•1•::•'l .', ' [. • :· I I; ', : ;: ·'1· I • • ' • • • • • ·; ' ' '~ I ',. I '. \I;· !/. . .. I~ I • r •' ' i l,, ( :; , , . . , I : .-:•'. .,. ~-ii. 'rn.1~~-!, .. . • :1 ~ : I· ; \ . :_'\'. ~;:\ . ,, ~~' ~41/ r,<;.Jea kwerir_e barua Y{Jk() , ,,~rlflU Kµmb. Na. SO.~408/39 ya 1•1,,Jh1.1su soma hilo.hapo 'uu. 1 ! , • Jana tareh(! 11 Octobr,, 1, 1 ! I ' :ii11 1~ ·i,••I· .1 ~- k) ,(.'!'' . ' ' J'' .• ' 11' I ' ' • .' I ' • • I • ., ~ ,l 1 · : 'i<~vka barua hyo umeeleza kµwa pamoja na maelezo yetu kuh~su soma lililotajwa hapo i J~i -. '.ka~ka bafl!a yangu ya taerhe 19 Septemba, 1996 S~rikali bado imeamua kuende/ea kusitis1aii' :.t1:,ij~)11.;t'13!ghu//; 1za, BAWATA hadi hapo ·,WATA · itakapofanya marekebisho ya _Katloa yake kwa.; :"1/iit,kuond~.1.:. . ii,: "'l'I" • • . ,61 I . J, ' . .~ . 11 I . · . Maler~ ha ma.dhumunl Yfl. klsl1tst1 ·· (/) 1 -~ .. : 1 (II) , Muundo wa chqma wer/ye ml:jtJc/llo .s~wa na vyama vya K1s1asa ; . · (/IQ_ . , Muundo unaoruhusu kuwe~a. mat~wl maha/1 pa kazl na _ .• · J 1 •-'II '(IV/ 1 Taratibu za uen__cjesljaji ze~j(e · · 1 '· 1h • · 1 utendaji ~ l(u'Jlligatia uham?Jsishaji wa vikao badala ya · •.. . 1... · 'f I , ~-. . • : .· • .. , .• • • • . ninachukua nafasi hii kukueleza kwamba kwa mu}lbu'.wa Kifungu_ 32 cha Katlba ya BAWATA, , ... . ,: ,zo~zi uliloagiza la urekepishaji wa Katiba litahitaji tuitish·e Mkuta1'9)v1kuu hiyo: :·Hivyo kwa aAil '~? !j l,\in~d,humunl ya Barua hii ni kuomba Sfrrikali kuifungulia BA WA TA shugh'.uli zake ,z(· iw~ze · ii\ j'. . '. r_ :i~~{if~eleza_,,agiz°. ~ako.~w~/uitisha·vifflo vlnavyohus:~· '.: : ; . , ,1 I ;· ' Ji t !;','iM_I',' .dl~tuml)in.i yangt.{~"mba &rib! let1/ litashughulikAfa haraka iwezeka(lavyo. 1· \ : ··:, L: •,I :' ' • ·l : 1 -;J,t f llt~ harakatl fa kumwend~/~1·rmwanam~e, ::{'.111~i1~, : ; . : I 1,,,11'.1'1' P1•1f1,Jilt: f.1, ~.. . i, ' ' I f I 'l t • •· • ' • • • i ,: ;,, I I:. :.i". · ;. ' Pro!. Anna. TibaijukiJ, ·. ,. ·· Ir ,L Mwenve_kitl" - . 'ii ·.,, .q, \ •t •'I 1 I. ,'' ' '·. ·!:t,;, ,t . . •j!' I' 11/·., :,i(; I ' .. .' I ' ' I .. ,'' '·I, •i· I • • . . '!'- 17 ' . ,·1 ., .... .', ' f .. ~-, : I ·" -4 ' ! ' ' ' \1 ~ ~I ~ : I ': i, Ii"I t I • I ,I ' .,:it.,, ' ' I I ' I I i:11 I.;/ : 1 !I .; ti ·11 I • • •. ' .... ·;, '., ..•· ·· ·- M •• . 4· •·•·, •.i ·: • I l!j•· j f, . . I. ,·,:;. .· I.f'·, ,, I, I i ' . .l 'I i: .r .... . I. \ .:• ··' .I • ,, ... 1· ,I •i . ..J •!' i 'I, ;I . I . ,· Mnashauriw~ kuzingatia muda na nafasl hi/ mliyopewa iii kuka ·ilisha zoezi hl'l,: i1 .. 11,1 , . .• I., ' • '··. ...· . :-' ,>~J!!lt1: '.' :,.- .. :.l·i~::;. r/ :!,! i ;1 . : . . ·.,. ,ij: ': ; P 39> a letter : : !t 1 • .I' :;1 1, I. !1 I ,,; •• I "···············~······················ 28 March, 1997 I .. . ~ i· I :: I , I ' 11,I.. '.,' I ., : I \, ,'I ' I I ,, \Ii':\ , . !: ·1·, , I' j, ,, . '' I·,. : . . . .I i I I ,, I I \' '\l, ,. 1·,· f l I• ,•: \ : ,.,1 i.· ••' ·:,....• Il I I I ' t: i ... •.•~, · .... .;,.-· 11. l1· _, .. 1· ..I.; Ji.,.· .....,~,. .·~~:-1, .., -- : .. I' . . .I . . 'I ,, I ..: , ! ' . ' ,: •; I . I ,, 1. Minister for Horne Affairs, P. 0.. Bo~ 9223, 11 · DAR ES SALAAM • 2. .• ....·.I I · The Chief Secretary, State House DAR ES SALAAM. ·. _, -~•- ; . It I'' Ii I Mr. Patric Mombo, : Person.al Assistan( (o (he fros/dent State House, DAR ES S4LAAM 1.1 Hon. Attorney G~neral, I II Ministry of Justice and Constitutional Affairs, DAR-ES SALAAM •;; . • PrinciP.al Secretary, • • ·,. . pttice· c;f the Vice President, DAR ES SALAAM '. • nr ., I,· :; i"•"'. ..... --·- . : !· I !. Principal SeClilt/;il,Y, Prime Minister's •, t. om,e, • DAR ES SALAAM' : ·'- I · Pri(Jcipal Secretary, . I ,. .. I Ministry pf Comm'µnity Developrn~nt, Women I I •··. And Children Af~air:s~:wAR ES SAL.AA~" , I I .·. t. I ! f• ,· I .1: · Exh. P,",40(~), la le~er__d i:l~ed ''. "Iiij ,_ ' . ' ,11 ··. •, '1, ' 'I : ., · ·.t, ·1 I J·,• ! !. I' I ·~- . I • '' 'I i 12 Me~ 1997, ...~- •· . "i. .- ·· Lt Col. 7if. Magete ,•·. ·' .. ·... / · · MSAJILI WA. W:AM~ , 1 >. . , ": ., • ; .I I i ! I • • . .: I ; 1· '.• : I . :, f' I ·'}' ., •( ' .1 11: I; I· :i . . .. ·• " ... ... •·' I :,:· ;,t·v ·: ·" 1i •I jl if~ l ,. ! I ' I • I· I~· ,, l . . ... · .:- l j'• . •~..~•·. ~(. \• ['f.' '/:.;-: : I • ' ft' ·~· ·'....,' ·.·1 t · i , , ·, I ;;_ I _':j;;,\ j( : I . ",, .. ·- ~ . '! -1r+·r . . . ,,,. .. : '. ,•• ., ,• • It, Ii' ' 11 1,· ·:,· ' • .•' I li;l;,·' 'MchomviJ B.S '·'' I I 11' '• . ir-·l 111 1"1 ·1',1ll,1.1I, i•ii:di1)!L•i . ,, .l.11 ·jp ii , I ' I : '. •Ii REGISTRAR" ··"··.\:" I On the same day, the 2nd Respondent held a: press· conference • • ' ' -~ ' i i . t. . JUtif9.r.r,n.i,Pij the general ?ubl i·c~f tha't !ntention and gro~ntjs the~eof as .; .. ' I 11·; ,, " ...• ' '- 1 1 ,· •- I I 1· ,, I • I ' • • M • • ,~ • '~ • •: ... • • • I • ' per exh .. P~ 1(c) (press ret~ase} in t_he followi·M.g wo~ding: I :· • I ' • 'J\t I I' •:,' I . .• I ' I ' . It ff I IJ ,,, ,., , ,' • 1: I ; ·1 • • "TM~lA YA f1.HE,.·WAZIRI WA MAM60 YA NPANI YA NCH! KUHl/fi!.1:i B.~ VV:1?. ,. ~-:··~ .. JI . I l . . ij. ~ ., ; , 1 Katika kipindi ch~ zaidi ya inwaka mmoja uliopita kumekuwepf na taar.r,a za /2iatumbario ,\ . I I _; :i'.ffl~~- yy~mbo vya hab_ari baina Yi A4 WATA (Bar.aza la Wanf wat 'Tanzar/a) 'da serikali 1r . I :'I.· ·Y~IIYi_otokana na utpta wa kuanzishwa m1 hatimaye kuandikishwa kwa Baraza · hilo, Nyingi ya 1 •. I i .f fi;ff~[t(i h1'1I l)mbazo zimekuwa zikitolewa Ila vyombo, vya ha~ri m~aliny,bali z1rekuwa zinakosa : . ', .r i, , . I . ,. I • · i'. :: \j( 1\\ '~fi :. ell Wqfe na hivyo la kuipoto;h!I }~ml/ na hatimay! kuleta sura ·r;a !kuich?ndanishal serikali na [_ '. 1 '. ,.1Jil!l\j'i1;!~~~lc111:rwake · ~,n1Lf • hasa wanaw,ake. 'sl11<ali r1· im~kuwa ikiweka mkazo_ia~ika:umuhimu . ., . I . 111a1 BAWATA, •\: ;',.: 1 . ku)irekebisha iii ~uondoa kasoro zilizojitokeza. Hii ilikuwa ni b,aada ya kugµndua '1wwa kwa [,! I I ' ,, . I ' I " .. '. • • ·' I . ·, mujibu wa sher":, z!tu B~WhfA 1/~anfikishwa kwa ma~osa na hfvyo ku;if.at(a usaj11i wa .; 1 1 J. ,.d'.:l~J/~~drsha kinyume na' matarajio ya! ~anz11ishl ~ Baraz~ h110. I,', r' ' i ~-- l I Ii' : .··.':; ,( ,. •.•; . . . ' . ·• 'I : ! _,, '4 •· N!'p. ya kuc1hzis~~ :·sA~V~TA ~ . ."kufepo kwa· 1ch~l:7b0' 1ki~ichotqngfmana•na chama : · . t ' 1· :: chochote kitak~c~~ia kµJailift nafa,sl y/!wanaw_a'te katl{a mfumo_. wa ~yama vingi ;, ··1·I "I , ,,,; 1'i,1,JII I',l· !,, \. I , ~a ;ia;~~ilf kutekeleza~~I:~ !/Iyo (/lshauriw_a k~~~-if+mu t'o\fshuTpulikiwe na \\ F I, I I '1 ., I.,'. • . chombo huru kis:chofun~ma:na na up4{)de Vl:'OWOte(Kwj ma{Jtik(hli> (1kutano 1a I;•·· waazilishi. uliitisltwa. Chuo KikuiJ cha D~r es:' s_alaarr ;tre~~ ~4l( :]~If, 1~94 :'.! n.~ , . (! ;i;_ I' kuhudhunwa na wa;umbe 3f 8 kutoka Mikoa yote ya· ~al)zqma. ' K.l[ik~'M,~utanojhu_u / : ·: ' ::t. .•·1,:1!,,:ri ;Ii. ,..I , 1· · , a \ • wazo 1~ .kuu~ a Bt1r~~a /a·.w..anawake Tanzania _(BA:.~AlAJ_?:litol, rva 1?1 kujad~1iwa '._i :; k.~a m~r.a ya kwanz~,: -~.tano huu haukubUf:JJ wala ~up1t1sha ratibaj ya kuunda r: . 1",·'·. , ·1,1 , ' , i,:fl,,:1 (!1 rasm/_ Baraza hilo na._fada,I~ yake ul~~~~ua kamati ·~~da 'y~:; watu ~fni (10) ha } : I: • : r~ 1 !;,,)H 1 t:lij [:1111i ,) -t•l1,1 j,, ,f l,j1 I,, ' ' ... i,· > k~ipJ' JUkufritt 14 ·ifl~~~', rastnw '(fKatib~ amba~Q/oa~daye;· K~ma;uraratibu ~a ;\, ' ~I . ., ' 1,· l·· I ,, I, ' ,. ,1 ' . ' 1· I · .. kuanzis/:GJ ~vyarna u/ivyo lngt;wasj/!shwa, kujadj/iwa, ·kuKu aliwa na 'kasha.· kupitishwa t: 1' 1 • '', '·. I·I•,'! ·: ~ ~ • '. . • I , . , If, , • t', , ; _, . ·h~ Mkutano Mkuu wa Waanziti'shi wa BAWATA:~ ~ :"l··;i'.,. ' ·, 1 • ', ·i · i' ..:,~. 1,:,' ·,. .···•~~ ;,, ·,llj I j, ! ,. I I I,,. li \ I !',. :.( ..... I, ,. ;1 .. . I ! ! 1, i · . I ' ! , . ~ •., • ,. ...i. I l I ' r·/1 .,. • , / ·1, ,, -~ I I 25 ·' I • . ;, ,'.11. ; ·I ·1 ,. ...•· I r I,, ,· ~-·,-.. •-:!·,'i I . I • !,; • I I ., 11 ' . ., I ~ r ,, r I ~~- .. •• I I ! I ;I I• ... ,., ,,I I u i<i(j 1ll ,,J'!~i~iji!i!! I:Y I' . .'F•::• I:, ,:ft1!~tt ·1. •"I' :\ '' ,r. ;!f!tif;li:t,Mtltf :i'!l\?/! ti;: ,1,,~t~t!t~!,pH:· i~~1f il 1 '' 1 • 1· \riitr ~kweli uliopo nl kuwa r ~JV Ya muda lkiongozwa n~)rofes At~a nbaijuka na i! atfbu wakt! _Eliz._abe(h f{JO( l/18ndaiJ ras/n1u ya Katiba kama ilivyo~le(ceza na Mkutano /'. . Kc. . ':"kllu wa l/{aan?ilis11 la~/~/ badala ya kuiwasilisha rasirnu hiyo! katika Mkutano ,i. ullowateup na kuwatuma kufanya kazi hiyo, iliwasiliana rfsim~ hto na kuipitisha ' katika ''KONGAMANO LA ~UCHAMBUA MAONI JUU YA isirU Y1 KATIBA YA BAWATA", Kongamano h1Yi halikuwa na uhus,a~o wq,wate _ na Mkutano '.II· ·i.":', .· ' . ulioteua Kamati iliyopewa Jukumu la kuandaa rasimu yJ Kat/a ya sJwATA na Ir . /.;'': :,>: :,, ·: hivyo halikuwa na ulialali au ~a{T/laka yoyote kuhus,ana ~a ku ndra kwJ BAWA TA. i ,/ I ,, I , >:if Ii•);.: I I : lifl.J'likuwiJ kaspro k/Jpr,,J.- katlka sua/a zlma la kuanz,s+a w; BAW1 TA. Kwd !,; ' i:j I,, Iii·;: :I; i; \ ~hati m~~ya, lfqSO(O 1,1.r· h41kugunqull'l(a V(akati wa k41omb k;andikishwa kwa }: I• 1111 ,, ' ' 11 ) 1 ''I msingl mkubwa .wa S;,;aJ(. ku£ ;; !~; ; A~~ 1ianyf{t" 1 ' i\· { ::;:: n4 ma-cl~o. ~Y} ,, :,J:!:1~li1~1ltJ ._,f•·+·11~h,u•1'.'I; .. :·1r •- 1 ··-1 . . , . . I: .• l , , 1,1 1 •. : ·:: .. ulikuwa 1~ ;uondoa dosari zilizojitok~la b'ci dj: ,Y~ ,suala zimt/,!) 1 • • ~--::\')':If;_!· ·· marekebi~ho kufanyiwa tathimini ikiwa ni pamoja na kutaka .. BAWATA 'kam_ilishe: hatua za. ti':: :i':/(i: •i kuanzlshwa (esmi kamal 1i;:,wkusudiwa. Uam~zi hilu utich_ kJfiwa ·.. baada yr i 1, . i. 1, , · -'Tl :?1;:r: ··· ; ·: 1 1 ~'!!Jfl~dua _ k£!Wa mae~e~ql y{Jlrwas/1/shv:a wakatt wa :.a'pmb, '! q/wez?J waz, ~uwr '. ( • QA WAT-4 il[u'ndwa tar~h{j 21. Jµ/4~ J994 wakatl ni ~u~a t~r~~~ 4'"ro_ -~i t~rehe y~ ;;\ l 1 kpundwa kw~ kamati ya mudil ya kuandaa rasimu ya Katlb~ ,ya l?'A.W.A·1M na sio. kuwa, i/· · : :_ .,)fl,:_;_:_::i_':::.·5.'.:. .•:s-:4wA_:t~11{undwa.tarehehto'>:~27Jµla1;.,1994, .• · ! · · ; 1 '! - : ;! _i:; . . ' '.' ,f!<vr~. hivyo mkutano ul/oltish.wa tarehe 24-26. ~~~? 19i91 u idJI'·wa kbv{!~. nl w~ \i ' 1 1 1 , . :;,,, 0 kurekei!isha Ka/Iba ya BA:i,,ifA kwa mujibu wa nia'elekezo y;, serlk+ 'nad 'pii\ ,ilj •• : :1, .'.: ,.;·-' .. ,' haukuwa na ' uhalali na•:,,,;mlaka ya suala la BA°WAi-A I} u{fanan; ''=sana n~· ){,': '· ' i I . '. ,1·1 1 I I I ' •l·' I' I ,•, ;'::J;.;l:1;. , l i' ' • "' 1 i' ·_ KQ~gamano lie {ile·li(ilrJ~tish~ 'Katiba hiyo. Hivyo dosa~i ilizof 'n :ani ,ViI ~AWA~1:i:{( : : /f?i / . / ·,: i' · zinabakia p/1/epp(e na .ti.d(9 m~pna seril(,e,li hiJitarunusJ hair ii iele~ ;'l'l' I: e; ' · ': ·I : ·_ 'I . ;1:l}' I ll1 I ' rU·li.)i_ 1 tl11•':_ ! l<Wa f11pa~q_: i I' ' ' . J~_P MsaJltt ~J. v;4,_11{f ilrt,;wap.nd/kla rasm/ 8. WA T,. a iltoa'i. Iar(fa risnii 1)/\;;:' ' ~rr. -~ ,1,. I I . •• '' ' 1 I ., . ; : : \1}/i 11· '1hf\:.l{ _,/ !<~husp_ [Ji,i ya/<~ YP kµ)fµ,tp 'k~tdk4 katika4orodha ya wam vii! oa,-fikishrva, ' i .:· ,:::,; ' ; . 'I, ;"(::'.lit :::.f;'i;i.' ·• - . _, . ·11:. .1; • .,. .• •:·i·,,::• ,. :. , . )•.·1 i :-.:.,;:It!:. ·! I I 1·,:<?t1\.i:•l,. --t)::i,,r ·•.-· :;r. . -,~·:;. .. 'I. -~-· .. '.> _.;;_:,;.;· • .. • · . . :. i ;.. ··:1::. 1:J I: ' . • . I: '<,. A.~. . I. ,' I.· -~- Mohamsd {Mb) 1!;,•,1, . ,· · '1! /< ' , ' .( . \ : \; I; '1i" 1 , w.AZIRI:WA '•'•!. MA~BO YA NDA;;;~: ' . ; ' :?.fl :_ '., ' !:!: :_ :_\ :_: ;_:_:, 11 I .. I I . - I :~ . ' ., I .. .• ti ~ • . • • ~ to ' . •' • • I· .. ' .' . ,. . ! ; .ij, . . : . i . j alre~t only the Petitioner~ bot~ r~ to put irf; . I I . I I ,, . \ ... . I • I t I ., ., •' ., .• ,1 •(' .. ''.' ' ,· • I -· ·i:.::j~i\i·:·: We should, from t~e outset, com~end Prof. I. S~I! ji for the I 1 I • . t • I ~ I : ,. .effo~ he put into the research, among others, rolling p er twenty ' II I •·. .,· ·. . ; ·' I .f ·' I i . :i!_:·i:::e;,:;:_:~,:::~l:½;~;:L~:~~i~;~a~?:~~::::~: ;~,:Ys::i:, J, ., Jci , .;r~ ,~,hat some of that materi;/ will n~; , be· us~;;·;~ th,II d . ~r~i~atioh, . 1 1 ' · ·· ;) '. [1.; '. 1iI~,rq ~ontroversy. T~I~ lsj n9,t oµt Pf discourtesy but :at, rbecause i : ' :\; .\ 'If,,'_ 1 .,:; p:~ fi~il :'.ql 11 1 1 :11! Jl 1,1 • • •• . I t: I . ' . . ! i: ! ., .. :;l\ ,·sh~.11 zero ·1n.-··.onl,y. on. t'16lTl .core of.the said tontrovers· i · :;,;;irj1 1 .'~ 1 . ' •/ ,i/·1~1\)f I / ,~. . I .· j· ' 1 1· . t: I · l·(: i< ;· '·: ·-,.: '. • • • ,. • • • • • • • ·,. I • ' - • : • i· l ..~ - . :·•·.r;I ".,. ,. ,.,. ,. ~.. regarcJs • • I • • ·"':~ •. . :~ •. ,I. ' \'.ii:•\ .• ,. ' . ·I ·. is~CJ~eiq~he·fpllowin~ . . . . '. . were~~~~ ·up~ :·7 .t, . . . :. ·, . '' . ::' f•· 'I r.. .... .': '. lt~.'.\ -. ,•, ·. .11.)uspens_,on o D11W,,,,T.-"'S a...,+I""' :, ' t'l ' I . • . ,·. ,., , • '. ; , . , .. t . .... ~,: 1 •I.,. . I. UJI C' ~, . I '• I . • f v11 ~ Vmes t ; , ·• . ~ · I [: • ' · 11 J 1: I.\ " 1.. Whether the suspension pf thtJ Jct/Vltles of BAWATA {151" : : tit(°fer) was unlawful and unconstitutional . . being ultra vires the j}ro' isio'n I' of i __.Jhe Spcieties Act (Act. 377) and in breach o( art,~le 13(6)(a 'I 1{ 20 I : I of the Constitution; .. . .' · .I 1 • iI ~I I 2. Whethf;r the. divers~ directives in Exhs. P2~ ~- f22 is~~·· b,r, t(}e Prlncipa( seqretaq: (J,.", Respondent) were' ' ~nlawful ) an~ ..,, _ 1 interft;ren~e: with the enjoyment of.the fundaTfntal.~i~: ~,}~e· . , 1 Petitioners· co?u.ary t~ articles 15(1). & 29{1) of the Constit i·oni! .. : , Wt,~ther the suspenslpn o{ fJctlvlt{e$ and /ssye ~f ~irfc_tir r~f[.,._e,f .1 1 : lo m (./) ~nd (2Jllhe~/tfllboVII amounted to a fo'•f 4·the_ ' Inte,rnatlohaf : Cov1ff1t '.on Civil and PP.lit1~a1! (gh,~ ,(I, : P1f t~e; ., :f Covenant '?~ £/Jin/nation ~f Discninination again.s,~-: Wom,e~ (et;~ W) '. and the AfnCfl,n .C~a1er 0'!' People~ ,::r-1 Huma(J. Rights/ I; j · I i 'l Whetliei'~ectiont'2,Y?)•of the So~ties ~ is: incomp,/ 1b/J I 1th, ' I id.i;les ~ 8 t 20 ofth.~. Co~·tttution a~d theje(Ojf roid; i / _.., • ~ • ~- 1, .· . I'. . i. :·. • ,~- '·,.. •,!: I' \i I' . ! •• 'I l· I! I ' . I I 28 ., .. ~ I , . .. • t • ' . ,. • I ·••..,.,. ;.,:·1 .~ :.i~ l< 1 rrtt ': 1r:1 \Y, )-.-i:,q ii_\•'· ,q~,!. ·,. :~lf~{. 1, 1 11 > I ' •I • -:: { 1• • • ·' ' '. :.1, • I •• .<.;i:,l.i•. ',j• :·}: l i.I .· IIi •·, '. :•:,,: · ;, · I f' ' . 1Wi .. 1ethef the regi~frifon ff a4WATA was a "1J11"sta~; as JI/leg~' 11 ;,n · Exh. P24,· . · • I ' . 1 ! I I I. I I ; • 6. ' Whether the• divers~ dlrec,tlves C()ntalned 'in the letters or t1r !1 st I Respondent exhs. P36(a) and P36(t.). were ultra vires hif pJ ~rs .. !:.: I . I under the Societies Act and contrary to articles 18,20 and I29, ~ of '; ~.:.,.,1.t ·: .• ' :· , .. , . I the Constit:tion; ~ ; : 7. Whether the continued suspension- of BA W_A TA ;ctivities in ter., I of , . , ;,11 .£.xh. P40(a) Wqs maja fide$, Invalid and bad In law; 1 I!. '8.' Notlce 1 ~trnt~ntion to Cane~/ Registratiort ~nd to show Cause . I, ' s,;. wheiher"the Notlc~ of I~tentloii to Cancei '-~istr~tion Jd ~w i I i•,),;; ,•' , :•cau~~ {Exh, P41(a) "'.:as bad in law. and vfid l;,;,g in bf a , • i;( ; .' ,: ·. ;, I· .•· . arti~fes 1fJ(6)(<1);, 18;and 20 of tlie Constitutio1t; i! ;.i"' 11 !:- , i· . 9. Whether t;;~ \1.t/egati~~~ j/J Exh. P41 ( c) 'k· the 2"'0 Respo ~nt II I I '' " ' I ' • I . ·;-., l! 1 i;-1,·,:q1 •'1 ·,. against the Petition_er.-s,.we_re in bad. faith ·and_ part,of the P,a_,ttff .of :, \i1-i~l11/l!iil I: ' ' I 1I '. I .I 1I 1 ',•,::.il:ilr:1tl \ijl\/ \'.'1 ' i 1 'Vilif{~aUoh, humillaJl~f· Intimidation and' unfairness tofpid~I:_ (he I /I'. I ·r, ',I, ' : I 1f. :etitidners d~moristrcwnu t: r/epprtmenta/ bias ag~i~~t the prtitl~ rs . ' l ·: :: ·, ' pnd in breafh of the fundamental rights or dignity (artic'f 1fl ?J~ freedom, (article12(JJJ, association and assefnbf}..' . (artlcles 1 ., nd f;,)i};·:--: ' .. ' 1I '. ' . _,'>; ' .. i lI ·,1• · 20)." • I t.• G No(ice fC~f!ceitatffa "'·,, · ' • l ... ' • .,.~.:. ·,• . ' • • •:·•·. ·. · .. • • ," ' 'I,,,; : ; _.~ •• I,:,. i • 0 ' ; I , ' t i •• I,' -~• f ,. " t 1 :·-·";.. 10. Wl?litfler th~ ryotice ot'Cancel/atior1 ~f registrat/oh' ~f BAWATA o/· ~h; . . , ., I ., ·:' i L 'I' 'I P43 (a) waf invalid and void being In brea"_!J_.,.of·article ~ 13(6)(.~l,;,18, 1 AND 20 of the Constitution/ • ; ' ' I· 11. Whether sectio(ls 2(2),: 14{a), 14(d) (iii), 11 and _1~ of the ~o res. ,. : , Act and the basic scheme underlying the said provisions is i valr nc/ , · ' \ \.\.i, ' I void being ·in brf!Kh , , ., i at artides 13{6)(a'j, "1i: and 2' o .' ' I 1 'fh~ ! 1 i\ T-1' .Consfitution. an~. tha_.ICC~R and the.ifrica!J Charte: on Peopli /d . ' \· T·: · · •'•1•1>,•I 'b Di,-,1'11-r numa17 'Wit~:-. I- ' ·._. ,., · : II · 11' ·· 1'. ·'.: ;• 1 i1f; 1i J :·, . D, Conseqµ~n~es ·6( can'~~ilation: apprehension i; #reachi' ': 1 1 ,: .; I: •"' " I I11·1 ·1 ··111· !' ' ' _'' .'JI::ii'}\ 'i-'.t ':r' I '·; 12, whether sectio;S ,6, [12.4' and 24 of t he Socie/i~f. Act ~~ • va, if?r' ,,I ' I I'' '. I I ,, : , · ·'. . . . b~lnfJ ,n breach ofa~/~/esif.O, 20 & 24 of tli~ ~ons~1_tW'~? : , ~ I· Ii! ,•j ,.,I ; E. En1oyme(1t of Fundafen~/ Freedoms ,: :_'·, · : : . · ;J- 1 , i 13. Whether the whole of the conduct and behav1our.of'the,1ft a .-zid I I ' . :I ' . '. ' . ·, ' '' . ' .I i . \.,' Respondents and the tr~atment accorded ,to_ the petitioners by ti em, ..~t-afwred in paras 7(a) (exh. P18), 14c, (~SO), 22(C) (Exh. A : 're; •. ' • • ••· I 1 ~ I:1 .'.i'/I .'I i I . • ,.. .. 29 ·•·' .'. I .,, i ·., ,, ,·-1 '. . '. ,' I ; • 11: ,. •' i ' :-r;?:t t· ';t•.: \\ •·:11.l?\r>i_":;., ·. ·..\J ~:. ' ,' ,. i' .: ,,. ,',I . ,,· ::.1,· . I. I 'I l l f. ,1· .• .I I ., ,,, J ' ., . Jf· ,,:, ! !·. .,,,.. ' I '. '. • • • •·:-· • ''politic~/ nature". o/aS not the dictate of the ·1'1w but 1 I figuremennt of a "continued styles and character of thT ruling party a(7d its affiliate organizations lite. UWT which ·.. ., . • . ·• .,;' .. : ·1 were used td tf?e monopoly of political acJj_Wtt!;.s of the on~ • • , I •"party era ... " '· . • ! ,, I 1· · ,:\:;ii_,j;d, in the 2 fr0rit, Pro~15:ptvjl r~Iterat~d that t e dirrves were · nd j. I I . ;\u~l~Wftil,. improper and opP,rEisslve as they insisted on a~elfldment of • 1 • • \l 1 l/1· ~~~ : Co~Stitution withbut ·pbl inting out the unlawf lness . thereof, .let ,.1.. ;• , j!;.m~i1;.filM!( r .. . . ' . . , . . I.' :,':. ;l~1}· .,,u~~··~:l'recting that tMe sa~· e·be made through a 9roced. re a~d by' 1 11 ,1),/ 1 ,ritr: • ! r ' I a ·: ;:. I I \•' ... .' • ... • •• • ' I. . · : body (wanawa~e wote) th~t .~Id not exist j;- ~A~ATA ,Fonstitution , I . .. . ·" '. t. I ,, I . ·i, . 'll~~r:t) .. ;f ). ' He submitteo that_ ~J,lle the BA'!VATA Consti_tµti,o~' (Art6) ..... ) .• ,.,1:>•,•" 1\ . ,·. ' ": . I ., :I· . . . . · d ··recognizes Ute fou11ders ds· honorific body •(those ;who ~ttended the t I . ~-t<•'r •' ' I ' .· University of Dar es ·$~1aam meeting, the ·sympos\ium .a~ the British . !: ;J[lij~~Ril and those_ who exPressed their inteni6n ~o join) neither of .'th~m, jointly or~ sever~lly h~d pow~r to arrend the Fonstitution : ,'i ·~~~Y~\ 1 t~~s.(a~~~:\ca°J1. ~e ,rqua·~ed_ io P!,ror~f in .fo~~a~~q of a .·. ;• 1 ,· I ;q~ttlp~y. i.·•.Their -rOle I· 'i .', ·: !!' ii .. was· '.qone once, Bf.WAT was .registered.;- · : :,. . \ . I . I .. ' l > : ! I .)·l)~t:~ing ~h~ argl)ment, 'fµrther, th.~ Pr9f. insi~t~d ;\h~~ i~ t~rri~ ?~ ~;2 of; <.· Sqc1et1es Act, any .io pl~r?ons or more could ave. t~k~n ;UP, the. ,·,,, l'_.; t.;\1· i,,~,,.f]~ti@,[ I ,1l,lft~1~:·,111· I' . . ! ' . ' : ::I ,ill ,., .. '.. . ' I I ': ' ' ,l '.,, '', i ; : 't,:'.,.,:l_'dea)nd formed BAWATA accordingly. . ' I ' 'i1 ' ! I ·t :' . . , , . I ·,t . . .,. I ! I :, t ,l)' . ,1_.i . I I II, I ' .. . '·I',. . ' . • ·~·•· :, 't,·" ... f , • •• . : . • ' . ! ,! ' I. t I · ·1\· .,j~\t I ,. • ' . . • ' ' I ' ., 1:r Regar~ing the unac,n~tjtUtio~ality , .. - of ·:S. 2:. (2~ . I . of...tqe - Societies.':- ~ ◄ = .. 1 I • •fl /"' • f •• • i •• • I ' ' ~ I ), Acy., which section requires . e~ery branch of. a sodety with more'• than' .• •,• • .• I I: : -I ' .i. ; I ' : : . ; •,, • I 1- I I .. . ' '' ' 1 . ..·::(~:~ :~~.~bers _to be ~ r~gis_~~red ~ociety, i_~ was ·s.u9mi~e9, ~hat apa~:- ·.1I! from not having been referred to by the Principa 1 Secretary. in his: 1 . - . ; l'i ' . '.·.'I I· I I • ,l ·I 32 , · .. • II . ... I j ;, . I . i ' ., .. : ' . .: I·{: . 11 .. . '•-1i-~r:titt'\:1\\\\'!·:•1uitrt111111:,rH::•--~:~~ '·: ,· :;_:., li'•\··,\,,,,q: ... ,;,:q;.,· ,;:·,;;:''.':· ·, .· ; . .. '1-:11;. -i~ ,._ 11_·.-·._: :·.'1,·-~.--- .·:i. i 1:,· ___ :.·_ ·).:::_:_._il_:.''._::;'.·.;·:.:"·_!:·_;:_'._:_.__:_<.~:1-·_):'~~'.t:_!,:_:1:,_).i.;·i.·:;_,'·.. . . _:_:::-_.· . ·>jji!qj·~:'!..- :,· ·.:f;-:!,,,.· . i;:'_'.~-.;_11'_.. :~: ·.. . ::;,: JJ.,;'.1~1~'~.,tH;J > • • ·· . , ·, .: •I · , ·l·:,;,; l'1l/4'tl::1/.l'',i ,i' li•:,'i ·; '/ : 1 1.· 1 i ' . ' . '. ·. ·, 1 • 1 · , .. ~~resp~~9ences, <;:Yen' if' he h~~ db(le so, it c_OlM: not hrve changed '.i ._ :·\:'ij'.'.~~~~T·::P.0$1tton bec~use·th_q~ 11 1;~. was_trre ~olorna_~ m_ast~r'r f1gureme~t_,'i i. _.:· ·:; ;'.}~jehp~d to s~bdue an~1c1~at~~ n~t10.n-w1de or~-~~1zat101s that could::/· ' : 1 i, :ll! ~fil,iT:. ,And work eff_~ct1vely, ~akmg reference to the r_urdles a~d ·:. ; • 1 1 l!;;'.~*Mlii!\:~Vj~es ,tac;ed by TA~~I ?~nganyika A'.rican Nptional\j~nion) anp , 1 '.~:::: ·\!~,i'l-!{1~tigqnyika F~o~r~ti? · ~f:_Labour).·· He insisted thatl:~hats:ectid.r · · ·: ;iij~j~!<i~ pestovy$ tin tli~ R\lil~~rar ~nllmited discretionJ: hich ~oury~ 1 ,,,;, ., ll'l",,hl.,1."1!1,1,,,,,,. ! . ·lt' . . ; . ' ',I, I ' ·\ t) :'~~fv~, Jerme~ "uncc1nali~e~ un/Jmitecj and arQitr.(;lri(' J?C?! !!f( -~7.i.ch /?• :?-. ·, >::,<u~~~~~pta_~le, i? ~aw, _m'aking; reference to f·N-~ :pa_ra:f ~r,a_~·~:n t:· ~i 'i )in:\if~~~:!~f T~m.•I Nadµ, ~IR ;1990 s.c 40 (:Ind,f); t~Ft wide ani1: ;\!' ·· i," 1•1!.:1:sL1bj~ttive as this discretion ist it Is also a, prio"r rest~aint on the- i:· .. :~~e,rtlse of right, whi¢h is Illegal, makihg refe r~~ce 'to ,Mut~'ndik~:· 1 :t. .;. ;_'. _ · ;:_ 11+.~~d-:::Others . I .,,,,:n11;,11 ·I. .. V The People (19'96) 1 B8R.c(199'·t_ ZAMB ':sc\ .•. 'I • . I: 1 L .. , ·-1· ! '• ' 1 1 \!_:(. !'l _: .>}~¢~~1es·s ·:10· say,· th~ 1;1~ which ~as· bra~d~ci bY:: th~_- :r-J°yal~li{/: 1 · , ;H !,1·i~1,;I 1 i , ,.· · · . ; : ,1 , l1 · 'ri 1 • 1 : ' i 1 i·'. . , . ,,·, .·. · ..,;~:ifslqn to be dhe bf,the)aws which should_ b~ rep_ea_led_ ,::;-;:]f\U,· -~ :r,,'11_ _. · i'.. :(, , .· , j : -l1J,·_ L,,li.·,,_,,!:1·. 1 ·· 1-- I I: .I•:·' I_:!• .. I.,,,/1 .. I .'·!Jt 1·, ! : . ·j)'~- . 1, I" I ·,.,ii 11- ,, I ·:.t11 r'i·. . ;i. iI''i .. 1•1· 1 ', • · .,.. : (•,•. . .. • , , 'i · . ,.. :.1·,· ,!·.J>. ,,. I.. ;· . ,, i,, ' ! I i ~: ~, ~ : ·:·.-··1.•1,:1 ,1,1;,, I ··:·1.•':fi•• ,,, I .I . , ·1· .,\ ,. , -ii. I . ,I-:-!. ·.•·' ' I,.;,, , .. . . '' . ·.. ' '.! •·· . l I ~ ',', •i ·, :L '· . • I . . J' ·; ' '. ii-! 'i 1 :.._ _ ··1.·w,,•,1-:,,•,_,;,' . '_;_ J1 'J::l1•:.!1the ~-;rofesso~_ ~r~wa~ ructll ,,_·er. tha~ th~ Priin9ipa.l -~eqne_tari?:,a~~~: ::! .i ~-t-·1, : . ·. i•!·J! ' l•.•IJ .- .... ·•. ·,:i;i.:;j~tt1if:breiibh of Int!r.atibryat and Human righ~ i~9~rl!~~r~: l~jf fr~~:. .. ::'an~ /~ of .~e ~nivers~I .~yclaration of ~u~an · RiQ~ts cpar.tr f _:l,.:\q;':{f~~P:lze(\!by o~r· qqnst1tub?n ·(Art9 f); Af'•i:~f -:anq\[' 22 ::of:th:e } . 1 :1; ,·ll.--·Jinternational~~ov~nant. on Civil ~~o Political: Rig8ts (Iq~PR) wh_ich l' . : :/'iw~~ ~a~fled by "(apzanla; the Col1Ventioh Elimi~atio~ :of ~rd 0~; !'~.i:'l:t ·. ;I:_ ;_.' ·u:\f9(ms:··of ~ I. . . Discrimination against· I Women (C~OAW)·:·whg:se.' I . i'l.' A..rt.·_·1~l:/_·,, . . . ,, i !' • . ' I . L I I ' : . · · :i::~~ji9,~s the St?te Parties to_:ensure'that rural w6meH havj!fhe ~ightt6: :f;~jl,l /i(•;_:.p~itr-(Je s~lthe/p grQu~ \kn~, Co-Operatives irorfer to :Rbtain :_eqw_: i .: • ' \I-~ 1j ;-•·\ ·" ..... . I 1· . · J-' . I •• ,.·, ' ·>1'ii:,: :' .: ~ \k. 1:} ·! :-1 1 0 ; . ' . t • I: • . : • • : • '< . . • • :· . . · 11 ·1:-. ;·. (' ': '·.:·f. ··i;< t· ·:' .,,, :,:,J .. 1:,:;f,:1'1 ' I ···). :·. ,. . ··•'·' i . ·1 . . ::, . .·. .. ·, _,i 1-·!. · , · . ' I, . ; ; ! ·,.:· \ '.• • ' 'l;•I •· I i 3:3 iJ • ·I . · : l ' · 1· ' "·: L : I i; / '· ! ,' 1 ' : : ''I~~ it, :·,t'. ' I' ' ! ! ' ;•. ,·_ '.: _I ;-.-: ; . '. •; I . .. .y ;_' 11. I .. I • I ..' . \li·1·•i!i : 11 1\: ~:. < '· ::.:(1 . ,,1., !-•'·. ·,\) 1li{ I ; I II !'I:!;:; :·i,·_:;_:_,:.. I "' t • : •• :,;.: :.\)'_i-:{,i/~.~ .. ,· 'I : ' ., . ·i," ! i ;. ; . . ·.,•,, ·:; J: -:'· ,.· :.·" . .. ~ • . : . ': ' i ·j .' : :i . • I I • : ; :;~\Jj~,~~l1i i} :<· : ,. . '.I; - ~ - , I' i . ·. :: ::· . .('f if ' }, ·,:'•"P'il/!!lj~l~t\!11']•:111•>,1,w ·_ir,, 1·,. . :. . · ·:I: .. \;J,• ·• :.: i .,; ,;i, •·1·>, ·-.,.i., . . ,,."j'.::1};,, ... ,.: ,·'lf·1,.'·q 11 : 1 ':(\l~! ; ~ I Jo ecpnofn/c oppwrf:J.Jnlties thro/Jgh em1/oymeft 0( self" .1 • . employment" '. . which is .e~actly what BAWATA Was doing :before . ·1 ' ' . I I • i ... •l}P:~p~n,5iion .. · ~e implored ·tbencourt to respect and! app!y the Human· ·· · ,. . ,_)Righ~ "·1nstrliments as 1s 11 ge,nar~lly observed by Commonwealth .jU~ls~l~i~ns by applying _rnterna.tlonal norms (thpugh ~ot bi~ding :. _,:·i;.\~.nl~ss. d~mestkated by ~n'actton o(domestic _law, al view l9oked at as 'I . '. . • • . · being outdated) to interpret and giv~ broader scope and. content to . '{ • I • i;:P?llle~t!c _legal and Cons~itutio,nal norms and ma~~ !lref~r~,bl.:~e}o __DPPi,, ... < . ., ',··l I . . . ' .... ' I . : II ' · V~( ,audi Pete (199~) lJR :?2; a'"Hong Kong rse, ~in Xi.ang-i': 1 , , )~ii:) ~ Oth~fS 91t?i#~r~f11}1111igration (i~96) 1j5H~D 73;::;;, 1 V I •1 /\:l .1,~~\11~~~-·;tr~l ,/:'i:;,:i1.iil~,~~l1,;,• ll i~n ¢a~e,. Mihi;ter 'for I111_~igr~ti.on; a,;~d. '.~th~i~· .\'· . 1.1 , I,. I 1 11 1,1 I • '. ', : ,: • ' ,· ·'!• . I··. . . . '·:- ,.. · ·· ··:( •:•rA._,_. ~~rs v Tesh (1966) I Cli,RD 67; Ephraim v P~stoty (:1990) '\, · : , 1. - ,I,· ., , 1 , I I• I , ,, • i l I 1 '1, • ·,, /\ ,L~~ (Const) 757 and Chris~oper Mtikila v the A.G; High ~curt,._::· ' • •j•I •• ,L.,.,.T. .I I ' ' ' . . . . I. I I I 11 >i ... .'dMisc·~ ·civil Case No. 10 of 2QQ5. •·• . . :,'' !,:•· . . I• . I : I ' , I : • ', I ■ .f t I ! :· , I I ' • I .• • !· • C I · · i::1·11- ':; ' Submitting. qJi. the· 2 , '. . ,,; . nd· . ~luster (Issues 8 ~ •. ·• -1 12), :Prof.. Shlvji; l •. argued from three fronts. First, that the Notice of ~ritention ,to cancel. . • I , :f ' ,I• • : _ ': f:}etjtioner __under p. 17 of the_ societies Act [R. E 2002 Jl[th~n s., 12 1 i ? I I' . .' !Of.~r~ :societies ~rdin~~ce l~~$ ~ 1 ,wi_thout legal 1 back- as. ~o, prOvision\·· i :· . I . , :ji~fjhiji lqw W~] e1ted~' let .pl,re, laok of ~ny legal an Just1ij~d: ~r~und\ ;_:, I /l/;~11~-~~wr, ·tii'a(on ttie $~rej~ate it· wqs ,is~ue~ (5/61~~9t), th~ if; · . ;· :· )~Jpb~er I for Home Affairs (2nd Respondent) .·issued;!. a _thighly :i,. 1 1 Ii :. ,! • • ' • • I ;• ;1 ! .j ! I ,I ;pr~judicial" rl!I . . .r•w••."•. l'"L ~ statement ' c!r1d which '. .: ' prej~dged • issues ';which.\wou.ldrhave: ·i: ♦ • ; ; ' I! : . -tJ.iilbeen'. p.recisely..·:th"e . \...1 ,. . subject; ,. • . . ':;, f11 :1••1 • 'matter of~ hearing befo~e the: Registrar . 1I ' ' ' ·: ' .·. ' ' : followlng the Not\ce to.show ~Useu, ·a· flagrant violation • . I • ,f • of w~at the·. • .' . ., ·• . .. . ••. 34 . . '' ,( I I I '· ., . ·': ' ',,, .. 1· ..: ..... ·_J l· : I . • II .;."·'.··· ...... ~ ., th.' . . . . . ,I ~-. • • 1s.1s a co,~ma piece o ,eg1s,a 10n w111\ I . f ~. . ,/ t' Jhi 1 . • Wa,?" enafted to control t~ rising independenf~ 1-'' movement .,and trade· unions. Section 14 reqyi~f registration .~f all societies. Non-regi~tratfo_n_ .rs>qdf~ ., ....... a soci~.ty w1 unl1~ful society under s. 2. Any o(i'ipf : b~arer·or inemb.er of an 'unlawful society' or a'?Y Of . a(lowin[J his pr0~ises -t9 be used for the mer=ting; Pf ,. . I I an unlawful $0_.7(ety' would. be committing fl· crimin,a( . ., . : :. offence and therefore liable- to punishment ·(see ss. . . . I, I '·, . ' I I ~ 25, 26,, 27). Furtherm_or~, s. 28 shifts_t~~ t~rden; ff proof to the acCI../$'(;(;/, Under~ 29 any one found: with· th,e bo'oks, ins;g(lla ~tc of ,an unlawful society i5: . . .... . ..h .sI ·presumed to·. ·be :a:.,·• member.. The President po~ers t~ ve~t the.~ssets of a:1 unl~wful society !17.f1 i) I ., ' officer f!'~~~iq~ed In the ir~er (s. JO). , .Vr~e( ss; :f1 and 32, ~~ovldi.e. for, ent,y, ~~arch and ~ei~ur~ POf ·j···· in case ~f .uhl~w!'! society while under: s.J~ ! i . · Re~istrar. ha~ ~~wers 'to ~ummon ~effrel, wm. ~r~f f_ I I . t I I I : '. i i : pr=rson whp ~~ fielieves can furnish inf~r{T'ilti9:n -~fif]: . ; !·;Ii< " • I : t Ii'''it .: I r U[7lavyful soc/ety. The?~ provision~ ar(;' opvio,tJ{IYi i i'>: .•t . • ' I ~ ·,., draconian, to say tl)e least. ,. ! 1 ~· , .. -.:c·· ,.. .. . I; t' . . .... -.•.,; •• ·~··:··· .. ' ♦• .~ • ~ · .. .. ·'i, •'·I 36 I , ! :., 4 r...,, ·" ~ If ·1 1 '' '1 ' I ' :· ' i '' ' ' ;{" . ' t ~ ~. . ~ -~- ~· .1 • I,~ '. ':1·::~-~••· lj . . l I;'! \ l•,· ·.,,:.·I " 11 •h''•'Ht~•:·f'f"\''' r, ·.t f 'i .'& ,- · . I \ ........ . '·,. ,• ' : . I)·~''.. I tinder s.. {J, the Presl(ient Is empowered to declare/ "in his absolute • 11 ;91~cr~tion, '' any ~ociety un!a'rv~L!I where.he considers it to be in "public interest' " , ':'iand he is of the opinio(J that the society'/ is being used for any purpose , . . I '1!·1,1. I I l . .. . . . I prejudicif}I to, or incompatible with, the maintenance of peace/ order and good ,; , •, • • r , go_vernment, ....... .. .. .. .. • ,l 'I I j:11:1! , ' J '.-,\ ·: I ,.. ll i I ,~~ ., .!, \,It • . i i. ·1,1 ... ,, ! ' • •• , ., ,, ,! i~_\J;l 11 . .1i '~1· 1 1it,l11l!r11~ ~ \i _I; r;ho; the pdWws Pfi\~ l'f;{Jlstratfon, cancellation and declaration of a ,. 1 · . . !t). \:W:~~~ :% (°i;be µn~~ful are ~~/ Pi~-~fhe discr~tion of the_ RT.pisf:.~: ~( ~~~~i~~~~ . Th~·- ..... : 1 1 '•!'• -:·q/sc -etior( is wide, qpcontrolled and u'nfettered with no rules: or standards. ,. ,- ., . -• \ .. I .,f . ' ' . . ' ; I !· • T ' . I. • !, ' t . .. · ,,1(~v,ided _by._thr:_ legislature.. ••rhe_ I~":'· uses words of width su~h as· 'pub//~:; ... ~ . ::.\i1.t.rres(, i'prefasicial to ~eace, ffSfe'r and1.good govern/j7~nt~ It furtber.give~• \.: · ·powers of 'prior restraint; tha,t ts, 11 soclety.p1ay be refused, regis,trat(on_qr. have .. I · 1 I I . ' • • . : t./t$ registrqt/on cancelled or dee/a.red unlawful by the President if he .is of the· j i , . • ' . _. •. • • , ' i I , , • · ·.: 'pp/niQn that the society is,· 1/ikely' to be used for un(.avy(u( pu_rposes or any- I 11t1i,·s I .: ' • •· ·• . , ·purpose prejudicial to peace, order or good. governm~n,t., T.f! us t/Je proy/sions_. - 1 ! ·\'~p,;n up flood-gates of ~rbftrary use pt po;~11-J1/d strike ~t the very ' I I JI, " ·ii h,ru1ttI of the freedom§• vf ~sociation • ' ' I 'I .. and assembly. Such unfettered : · . , .11 1 1 ' :\.~Mn ;'{nistr~tive_ dfs~r.~ti(J,(1. a~(I ~~rior restraint' ar(! f~own~d upon by ' ' .·, d JioM' ' t!I, i . ,,,I _all '~lrdtng C(.)(U(11~11wea,(th It··,. 11 I \I :11 Jurisdiction~ . :spc_h .as l(14i,a, sri, HM·1 t· r I.'. . l . I • ,, ·' : ., I (. , 1 : ,: 1, 1, 1. 1 ,,.J;/ ,, . \fi~-t,_JMi .~(; fffstra/1if,_,Mt1la.w1, '!P,~r.:"~a etc. 1 • • • • , 1., .• , ., ,,, .' ·,. '. 1 ,_ '... :· , r'' I 1 ,~!.l'.1!1·1:•'f'l•1•'! 1 1,'.. --- I:'' ,.. ,,1· 1 ·-· 11 1··. l :?~ . •~j · !f 1#, .·.; ! : I: 1 ' I ' : • ' ' .. ~ ,· ' • • ' I :' ' : : ~ ' • 1 I '! I • 1' '' I I : ' ; t • , • j1 • I t.'( '1 • I J •' '' f i.i,.:;1\L It ras sub°mitted furtner that the provisiO!lS,iimplififlY ~~clud~:. , : • . 1 the right to be peard, •pointing oµt that the Notice. to lstlow ,causei I ! . ~~ . . . I :4n~et s. 17, falls short of minlnjum elements of the right to be heard/ ' ! I ' . i I. '. ,· I .;, _;.·1 1q. :,~he Holland Case ano. that the proviso is perfurk~ory'; that in any,' 1 :~~~~' there cannot be fa.ir )ind 1 :i impartial hearing be f;~e the iR~gisira? .. • 1 'r \.. · I .:..;t : ! . .., 1 -1 · '.; 1 • • 1 · i -.• ·i~hp" investigat~s s3nd a·l_so lay?· ~harges; that the ~~gist~~r\ ~~~tsion 1 I. ·'' ·! ·:·1 .. ' ! ,. I I,: 1. !I. t 1 I; ; '. '\ I ~:· ' • . I·, I ' I '.' ','• I 37, I ,. 'I ,'·, .r . , I l •: 1 I .: .I I· ,I' {i_ :. . • I , • ! , ,, 1- I '. •,• :''/ ih::~i~ttlff'~ffi.1l~j~i~l {~'l ~t!ll\l'.!i1i l il l .:·/.1<: 1 :,~.rnrl~J 11, ~.rt: ,.'_. .. -~ ' .'':' ·f'-;i::-(;ij:': :[;:vi~\.:,;t: J:,! ' i,:.ii+·,I l j:l:jfr1q :jr,f,1•,·11•p~1 l'~J:.Jh 1·1 ··.· T :'•,t/: ;:-- '.: I·:\:''.':'•."'·::· 1 ;::;;. /:· •• ' . . .. . " • . . : ,!p!t';,;;J!rl\(in, i:- ·:: ' .:f!::-:··.-: .'.' :~, . ' . ~ : : r !'l·:•''tyl. ··\': ' ' ' :· ' :,,, ; Ii., 1J:i·i::. : I• :• . ';:,i . . . ·•:··.· •, .· .,· ·, .. ~-,:i ·. ·. . . ·, : .. ·1 · 1J. ~: .Hu l1. I .. ,·: · · • · 1h1; · ~ . ' .· . ,: ·. : · · · •. · }.{1 J1:~;! . ·,, 1111lt' fl'l ,.,, : : . ' ·1li·• . I 1 ,, _ ~ppeal~d to th~ ~j lster wQose decision :is final but th~t the 1 1 ' :!": Mlni,st~r· cannot be ~~ lrnPilitlal body lh fact. or :raw· as exemplified ' • I , , I ,• '' •, ·. . .·. i::tlf11ti~;~r:e ~¥.; his takihg pf pp~i~i?Q, ~nd pre!udging i~su~s ev_en' before the •! •H•·:•-~•d ~••4•• 4,'"" • 1- • · • • . · ,, . I[ ' · 1 1 ' :'· :R.egistrar's decision, hea.ring ia•e><cluded and so is the right of appeal, . ! ' . . - . ' . , ' ., ::, : • ' # . •}• .''.,. ' ' : . '· ' :l/i,.~tlr: latter element ha~ng . lbeei~··castigated by the Court of Appeal. in : . •!':]11li¥~!"q~y 'G~~er.il V'Ll>ijay Aknona;iy & Another, {1995) TLR iJ!;,:~:9 ~CA) an~ QTTV y~~orney~ G~neral & Anas (1~97) TLR 30 - . 1 ·: 1 11 11:r·u_i~. Q); 't_hqt $L1c.h Li11 ll hilted_,': discretlon~ry. powers . ~re ,<;:QQ$titu_ ti1bnaly ._: ', ! '-:, ,i'!:1 _ I , ., 1ii-1t(¼l.,. 1 I. ·r. ,· : . .- .,. , . . . 'f'i· .. • . - •. l·•n, . . . - • •. .. .. . 'i_ I <)rtu\i~~p. 1 1 ; ·.•'\\.:i:\'1lµ6~tt,·table~ tntjking referen~e to tha New Patrip,tic P i>J.:: '{',··' 1·! ' ' .'1 '":.. \ ' II,: ' ,· .... ': , • • '. i ' ·: •. . .I . . . :_: :.>:)lj~ifif.d~4.arter~, Ac:¢t~, :~;j Oth~rs, ·Wri.t No.4/~3. (s~pre:f~ -of. \: . 1 _ . ./i{:)i_:_, ,. ' ': ,:1;'1Gh_._'an,'a):-(1994) 1m~1111r;:tr _·(Unr· eh_~,·ced) t'f,.I ~pi'gested in ··(1996) 1 CH_ Ro· s,•:, ;{._· i ·:-i: :;::-:··'.'i'.\t\,,J:M&lj Jd11<a' arid!, oth~r~ I ' . , ' I ' ., . I ' "., • • ,, , ., 1 1 11 : ,, :~h~ People (199~) 1· 'Bl·llt~ ,_: 1~~-~:·\:\ <: ·, ' L 'I 1 · :i_ ; ··::' ' ' . .' ' ' / ' ' :. ' j' I. : . ' ' ' I ' I • ; i' ' ' ·: . ·, ;: ' I i '. ' ; : . ~nd Q~~e.$ ao.d Materials on ·tndian Admini~trative · :, . . . . . {~MB SC) 1 .. ·.: .i:,:~irlt.)rl~~~/(i996' edn), vo1.>Z: :by Jain, M.P at. pages.. 15;67 ~ :s1 &')714.:l 1 , I f !'_'.:i1i:'•.'.l't·· .. '!j '. jJ· nr·. ,( l ; ,· , . • •: .. '!, . . ! !_.·. l_ .:' ;~-.j: •· · : .. ·1716, capping _up_the argtiment by submitting that even. the Nyal~li . -~·-{: ;_j . . ··. · ·: ;· . \i·· i I::- .\·.· . . If .·.. :_..:'_.-~,· ➔:~ · !, :_· ·,_·,1.·}i~fft:'P~~ssiQO conc!~d~9 ~-~~ the Societies_ Or~ii~ia~:e (th:~n) ~~\on:f,. ·_ ·..··. i1tl~fi the laws that h\r:ttjet~ the enjoyment of freedom of associatien an9 . . ' 1111 :frfue~om of AiseltiblY,/ 'rna~lng It extrElme/y diffiCu\t' to f;im ~ild r~~ .. . ' 1 : ·~ i'~II\ :l~i if-il t" ' ij ' 'I : ' . ' ' ' ' .• • I : I \ ' . : ' I. '. Ii : . : !: ' .~ ', '.; " ' ' ' ' ;I . tJhti~;;il~~-1''~-1 1~~:soc~_9tlons~ by .m~~f,¢1 $ ._trttlUdln~ p61itic,a(; :pbt:ies; :tfa;de_it\~n'iqp~!: !}!ii,:_! ii; •-·' '! _i}'.;:i·,_.,., 1 -;i' ..J1,,.,;,.•h # '.J,; . . • . •·, ·' ,j.,, 11 •J:-:1·1,· ·' I . ': /'.~t.9f' 'an~ wh_i~n s~oJig ~e: re~~aledi or amende~,:· ·~nd ,t~er_~~q~~ tha~· ~:, .· I ( 1 ; · . ill"-(1,·- .. : ,, ,· . ;i 1 .-,.~·- • . · ,! , ·I: il. . .... 1i·.-~; ,,~,, . ;::x ··•~(·ti(f)~ ·s~ .9,. 12, l'3/ ~~;;;-:17,- ·1s; 19, 30 a.~:d . 9,_th e~---·~s,~c~i:o~. . t. :i_/!, .! i :;ri:--irr _1 ,J· .1 1 ~~:111-~~,·1•0:-•::·· : ·:· 1 . - • .. : iJ.,1:I . ·"f,.·.. . ,,\ ·;, ., .. " ; ," :T \ ...., , 1 ·, 11 1 1 ,.r·:1.1 i:'· .,:,.·.,· 1 ;· . ·1(~~:1! ,;lj,, :~m,~n~:~nt '.0~ these,. nar111e!Yt .~.5 18., 25 - 29, i ~nd '. 3:1'...: '-35· '.a~~-,.::-,·: ; 1 : •. : : ·r·: u; ~u.t. ' ..:. : 1q,, .. : ! 1 ••• • • • , • 11 .• • ·. • t' 1· ··,. 1 1: '"lry~qn$iStent with ,the tqri~tl~µt19q a11d should be struck ! :j ,: : rd;.: .. ~- : . .... i; \'.: it !·1.: :>. , : 1 • • t ,., • · ', • • ~, •. . . . . ,.. • ••• 1 • : ·/· 1 • · • •• • : · : · • ., 'i j .. ,··:~ lt:-H}.i,, .. •· . I'• 'oi,. ' .. ,r r· .· I ! :·: : .: ' · [/\;··.:}hi:·;::.::· · ; : . 1 : i ·: : , ,· ii .. . ·· ... ... .... I ' . ,; :·::;. .;j,t ,I J ' •" , ,I 1·· I. '.' ·"".:::.•:.· - ' · ~ ,.:~•;,1~•\il ' 1·1;(n11i-·· ...... · I ;!~1~, t• i • ! l ! l • • :: ,. • :'..· • I 1 I t ·-.'~ .. - ~ : • ... •,:'. .·• · .·, · / I ·-1· · · ••: • • -:;_.;- ·_:·.·.:·•. :'_'.·.•.·.·):~t··,::-1·:_ :·: ,_Y·; 1.-.:_:.,!?,· . • : ·., \' :{i;I! F\' ' •." : :·• .'\ . ·. . ,••;,.;'... ' .. r • - ), • • •, 1 .'' .,• • , 11· ;t''i' ' \'1,il ; I :·: • ' • :! . . . ' . - · :, •. Jr:: I ,II -ii · ',. , . .. . . . ,.. ,, ,., 1·, i1 •. , • , \ I : ,·::;1:,·' ·: . ': '"', petitioners are entitled tq exe.mplary damages beeause of t e 1st '3nd , '1 , i_J1ih/,: :: : ! , ,, . I11 11 , . i . •: ,ti~ii:~~~pQndents qj:ts wttic~ ~ere bot~ abusive and unauthfrized by l .· J~~li1\~~tjµ~tiflg t~ "?bu~¢ p~rµ~//a ~Uthprity, _o~pressive, t'bitrary, .i µn,{qfr, :unreasonable anc/ µhcqnst1tuf1qnal depnvmg the Pet, wners to ! . .-·11•11· ,, r_;~. ;.' ~..., ., i;.!,., ! .~ :!. .1··+,'1· \·:~I l:•/-', . -: •I•~ . I·.i . P''I• ' ,·. . . , .. ,·:enjoy their fundamental rights and. bilsic freedoms." e made ' . ·t: 1.://.ttL.:...·. . ::.i :. .· :\:r, ' ·. · · · . . . I . • r~f¢r~nce to s. 4 of the Basic. Rights anp Duties Act, 1994 (Act 33), . ::, I ; : • ... , ; I I . ' j"·! 1'(-1 ,· ' I I I.... •. . . L ' i! :W~J,~!MI rh1POW~rs -~P aff~ct~qi.'I parson to apply t9ll t~~: . ~i:~~ · l~?ur:t ,for_ 1 :, ·~irffs'~ r : · ,:i , ·addin~ that tJ:i?: 12!~ ",~dress'' is of wide' imp'.ort clnd ! f . ·. ; i\!-~fcJM,-,1:!5: ~onetaty compen~ation ;or,thf wrong 7aused by ·::H\_l'.~1~1,~ ~~s\l con~tit~ti(l~ai . dec~fi?n - _f"'lalii}r.aj v J\.G -~,! T~inidad' and Toibag~ (N,ol.2) (~_~) .: { ri~+ ITlakiJig _referen~t to' a Prir co'u~cil · •• rea~h of . , <·•·i •·. , i ,• ' '\ • ;'• '.j1JM?~>., ~;C J87 ~t ~Qr {\-,~~,,. c, P.400 ~-C-~;. a ~OU~, of lords' .,. ·;., 11 , I I 1, , I ! I .. · ;: :;,~,~~ --: ,R-cio~¢$. I{_ P.~rh(~~(!fJG4) V!),I. l{Uovd's' i'st LaW ' ! R~~·arts,.Z8 a_t-"6~·i 't:t,~4l'Akl S.R 367]; tha:t while th:e object' of ·' 1 1 ,' 'I ; i,L• •!': :;;j :·i :·· -I. i ,i; ; . t· ,; , _: : · · 1. ,: i , ...·. :.::lqffl@.~.9~.s.:\in' I 'I ' 11 " _.the. ~sual· sens~ qfI, the term is to con;1pensate,. ·~1 1 ~1:"t I t e object .I ' • 1 • I ' • .. , • • •• ' / " • : Ii t • ·. I I 'i• ,~ < :, · · i:. ~f:;~~-e~plary damages is ~o ),~.~i~h and 'de~~r in~li~din? 1r • ' • • r ♦ -0 I • 1, '{\'~Ir~ t~~~e I! '• • I i· , 1 ; :; ~R?l:~een."~alevolence <:>t $pita or the man~er of c~ · a:nitting · i 1 : 1i ,\jj~i1wl'Qn9 111~'( b~ ijLIFh 1 j~• to lnJ~l'e ~he i[plaintiffs iP~oP~r .. \. ' ' '; :!'.J!ctjpJ,;.' lqf Jre-· -~iiv~nt of t~e i9,over~me,:1t Js "opp,re_s~ive,. al rbi~rary' )i, . ' '! ,, '. ' 'i l)1!i'h'ij'llll!11,l~J[il!H:·',:,,i ·. ;~ . ·, : 1 ::[,I! -,,· ·,. li",' ·q ,,,;:!i !:, . ·,,;:•' iii. :-·1,'·· 1 t: .'. ·,"':Q~J!i·µ~c:9.nstitu~ib·nal"; ~9 ncord Press Nigerii~ ., Lirpited ·:~ v _.. 1 1 ~,ld~n.urt,,·. ir~er:• • • .. • J: · , ·, · I , .: , . I' l1' I' ··!F' 1.- · .. · ·1 • HI 1 1 1 f '; . •\ t ' · · / .. ' Gen~,r~I of ~~~: ~~dration and; ~t~rrs, Fede.ra i ,H,i,~ h : \i, . • : ; : ..•. '.i I 1 i, • 1:. ,,,,.ir,,,,,1, ·agos, .N~~ ""· ,~ .. e, ,, ,·I ,· ri~ 19°4,· ·1··:rr Digested ,., in {1996) '1 ·cHRD.: 47 . :,' :i. ' ' ! ! '1 t t I 1~; \t ti 1 ' I 4I' I " I . ~. . . 1 ! ., ·; ' . . . ,' ''l;I· , .. ,. ''.,, ,.. , ... l J 1 • • • ; ' : I • ' ·i•,11•· ·r1• . .. . 1 . ' ·' • ; :;": ,·\ :1i)fr:1;, · : , I,: :t' . ' '" •. , •. I • I -~-·: t\(_f,.· .' ' •.:. ::.:,; • '.ii I I ·,: ~- ·•.. •' .. i • • • • ·I • ·'' •. '~:;;:39 , l ;i i . i I ·,' i•. (' '' i ; : I I. . , • i. ~:·~(:: !'.·H~t,mt1\~~~1:\11_1 n1!• 1,:rn11:i' f : •: -.. : . _ - _1. 1 1 • 1 ,~~· • . !. I: ' ..·. I• l . ' ;. /' ,;: . . . • : .'I' , . )I:~~~ pBahama's S~preme $u~ decision In I' ' ··•- ;l Tynes v, Bar 1 I I' '' ,,,- 1 :.CHRD 117 both of which followed ... •:' : . . Rdokes decision. . :I .. ll~/,1.::, 1 • ,.;,- . , . · . ,_ ,1iiji- r;_l_i t_-ij_•)1,t .. .: . : . :; 1:" 1 ~t •• f If . ·111 ,'! t. ··, • , • 1 i''i '1-1'1'1!', :,;· (,:· 1 .. ,r:. . • , 1 :; \I •'i!\l\,'1\ ; ~as vehemently suPl111tted that the 1st and 2nd Rf spondents' ·behaviour against the 2nd .~nd 3rd Petitioners and BAWATf- members i,.;tl ~u under the categor/of ~ppressive, _arbitray and unc~~nstitutional l 1 : actions of the servants of the governniE!~t as they .deniej them their ' i .: i,riQht Qt. assbci~tion ftjr, a ,humb;r of year~ i;t alolne 1aging;: , jl "ti, ,, • . • " ·r: . 1 :: un$ubstantiated ac~~sation~ against f3AWATA arid its leadrhip: . ;: , ,·' dl11, ' 'I I ~.t • .,, ·I,;' I .: ,. • : . I ' ' ';: .·': . 11 t i: • . i I ,; ' J. ' ·1 I .. ·, ' '' ,·, \ I He impressed qnd conck.Jded his subm,ission by tating that; :!_ ·- 1 1 : _·. '['h,.)1i 1§~-~~. • I ll II , , damages should b~-nf~nted: ,1, ,. ' • • '.":,11:(1!H1~~1lli11· l 1 .;. ' .. ·• .... i . I . : ':;, :tl!!}{i '.f :) L ·' '.'lo -sefl(! a stronf/ ~ss;/1913 that public, ferv_ants ar7 servants ·or'~ ~eQ~F and rot their master/ t~at theri I . are obliged to r~sPiect anq uphold human dignitr,, noj assail it iQ public; a,---id. ttg;t they out to 1e'xerclse thei :Ii discretion a~co(ding ·.t~ ,;~ ;,id fairness ir,ithou.t bein :,, . 1 if!f!Ue~ce~ by ,ftra111JOU~ fa.ctor_s and pa:1i~~n p9lit(sa} ; -.. :_:: !-.J: t'j 1_ c~s[der.~tions. The Co/,)rt, the_refore, Of!Rh. tot gra~t.~ · :.: -·. ::'.-:~ -: i . . . •, lj.·)· ,. · ··-su/Jst~ntial ,. sµ"! which ··wo4/d _· :act _qoth_: . as.· --~ .;:_ ::.,;..~ punishme'tt qrfcl dtJterr~nce. "r-~ . . ,._, -~ . If ,. ,. - ·: ;, i ·1 \· •: ., . •• ' 40' , · . . .. . ·. ,. .• .. I·, 1· I .' j . : ·, I. i: :1 •. . . .. . • • ,I \ I \1 ; I I' • ~1· i II l' {':,' ·. .. .,. I' \ittl \. ~ 1 1.,, ,I/ I tr.,i I , 1' ' • ' ' • • I , • ·' •I.• • ' , I·• ' .. ~ I ; ! . I '' .·, ;'. . •' • . y, • 1 I \ • 1• l~Jjl I 11 I : • • I II.' ,•I' f I :·. ; 1 11,;,j~i~~lify furt~er the nucje11sJ~ ~he dis[¼~te by refram!ng it into, ~;ree , ) ,1\1\ij\~~,~•;(~iid thi§ wei are_ett/~wered to•do in terms ()f o.~IV, Rule 5 1 .i ~ 1 1 P_cD: that is; . first, ~~e~h~r. the deregi~~r~tio'n ·of BAf~:~- was ·:_(1.:lli1tt1W~~~u.!,i. 9nd ~h~~ef~r~ pu.11.~,I and void; two, If the :_~nw~rls. In the 1 t'iffir1n~~ve, whethe_r,Jn the'1~hole exercise there was violaf on of the ~et1t1orers1 Constit~~ion9I r~hts pegged on violative provisrs of the 1 ... _.! li?:~1j:9etie~ _?rdi.~ance_ (nd'· ~~ ~ap __33:). which need _to be rruck off, _. and, thirdly,J c;1ga1_n .{tie, artl'IVer 15:'10 the affir;mat1vr;,·~1eth~r the I ::'f · · ~esp_onoents' acts entitle_ ~~e P~>ltloner-$ to darllages ~md pec1fically '. ,. : :' ,: '1·· I ' I ! . . '.:. . . : ' . · ofexemplary nature. · · ·:-. .- - . ·: · :: . 1 '° · .i l·.. . . :I . I ·' " .,: r~,'.\l~~I~!,i~~arting With, the rir~~I ~lmplifi~d_ issue, '.we clre :. ore,; than : ,\ .··__ : .· ·.. I ., . ' ' • fl 11 . I • I ' . I • • • • •• • • ~ •. : • ,. • , pursuad~d · that- ir,deeo ttle~ .ctereg1stration i :of .. ,BAWtTA · was ~-1··1·fflr'i9rnpa~ied ~y ritiffletPY~ fli1Yi6~on~tit~ing a g. (~r.ing\u.n19ifu.ln_ess. :\•-·,.•. . .!1· .J1, :_11lt :: ., : . . . ' 'II I\ ti. . '.~: . .. ' . . I 'l''·•-·••'·.:, 1 If 1·{ ,! [ · •l ,'' .' .. ' I! I r . . . : , . I'. I,.. '' . • J ' ' • ,• l, . ' . . . ' . ., •. I .•. •, :, lL '. w~ need not recapit~l,ate aluacts as tlielyH;ave ~uffici,nt\ybee:n . ,, \, •~etailed already. , Suffice, to stat~ hovyever, t h~\ th1 teti,tij°~%~ did , 1 ' ~hat they ~em .~_upp~s~~ clo, Th~ made :~ue,, pre~,ra~1on by.·,; · I. _ 1 1 t~ •, :\i~1~~1~ely c~lli~g:a n;ieetlng 9r_ 1~teres~ed persons betweeJ\2~~ and >. ;i i.~;11,•:th1.. 1,.... :)uly, 19~4 . . at the University I. of Dar es Salaai:n; a~ the. idea . .. to .· . . ·. ·. ;. r~fP:i~~W~f~:-, such b~dy ~q~ ·. ~~en br~wing si7-ce J991, ·. a_ : praft ., ; :' ' :,,iii!!\ I ' • I ' • _I i. '· 1· :1Ji~~)t.pQcin Was.;<tlr~ady fof:~li:l_ted and.this was\iidopted;: n i~-~erim _ ' !:' ·• J.o~rnittee of 1,0: ppopIe_. ~; Ir~?: _out ~ttei's 9Y _incl udill_l' a~ong , : 0 ··Niitl.1f,~?! .c1,~r~ea~lr3~ gras~~~- ~~rt.tctures, was apRomt~d; V;l :ws ·~ere i·11_11iljm•,:l_r--; ~- -. . · 111 • . - • _ - .> ; , ·_ , ·. · ,I: il i' :- ·\ , · . , 1 : •.. • · I 1 41 -: <' :, . I ' . . ' . ' I - •. ' i , .. t':H::, ' ij}'.'fr::11'\Utf. !·• '{ ·.: I' Ii . ' l ,I ,, ·; <:: ,l .. .'• :: ' I I ii I ,: I : I·, . : i I. I I ' ' I. . '. t •• I . I: j, _/ ' -.~!•; '; ' " iI 11, j' • I I' 1' ·1 • ' I . :' • ,, , I ; I i, "NI kwe/1 ,herll . haUabalnisha vi . 'I' ·1· I, A--'; . rhti~doh I • ·ii '1 ' , I II l' : I • I unaotakiwa kuzlng?Jtl~a na _vrama Kama BAWAT1' 1 latini ni ukweli P.{P._fheria htyo hiyo inakataza yyala !:. . : vya ,p~mn~ ~[~ rujiendesha sa~~--..~ vya~a :V}fa i . · klsiasa. .'.If. ' . ._. -'. ·~.~-•~- '. · : · '.. 11 ., .. ... · ·• · ' ' .., '. ' ' •. . I I ,, I .,, ! I ' }',r'if' .: : ·W~ have alrepQy he18 ~l!t _there was nb evidence fr:1 'tile _see~s 0 of rumours qf1d alleged. complaints or that' BAWATA a,s acting 111 !, ! i1l:11,,~nvay as 'a P6titiccil. part,., . Thus( the coH,demnation of BAWA'FA · ' ·cinder these two alleged ele~nts was unsupported. ,... • .. • ._, .... . .. d .f~ ,. •.,. . , .if, I ~ I i I• :. • ', • .I I , :.1 11'1· ' J I . • : :· 'Ii .l . : '1 : . ' I I • .. ·• • II I I I I. Ii I I ' ' • .. ' I ' I 11 I ' I1· ''.I ...·:. .... . ll '" ' f ·j ·•.•.. ,1 ., . ' . As to the complaint that_ the application· for ~registration I '. ,. . . I • . I . ,· ;,) ',i::' ' • . , I ' ·, . : . I .\, : : 1: [!\ri;;t~~~ained •. fal~ity thqt _Bft.WATA was not. r~rmr.d. o_n ¥7 /7 /94 ~s .: i'\ rl!iiit;f:~,~Wr~ed, a.g~in We are ~Hrprised by that s~J- !1.i~ a~ c9nceded. to by the Respdnd~nts and :rµ)m~nted _by th~ minutes of the very ,1 I ' • • • "'" •••• . I I. I /t. lRJ~~~·~g ~~ fo~mati~n,'"·est,bli$h t~r· ~ontrary ~f wha~ is_ .. ll~ged .. Th.at. I j •• ' • ' •' , •--••••. • ,. • . : . ': t ' !. -i .• 1 ':• I f))~~~ ng;·. h~ld~ at the, ·UnlVer~~ty of (?ar es Salaam, ·was atteAded by . ' . ·. . ·. .' . . ' .. I I '! • '• • ' •, "'. i ' ·.· fit t. i . . '"·".,"'.· ' .. , ,• ·~· • I ,I ; .. • I • I • • i' /.' I. I I I. I I ',, : ! :. ,. i ' . '· • ·, , ' ; I t .. • . • ' •' 1 ·,.; I i .' ., . •<:.~ . . '.°. l'jl' i ,,-~i; fill, '! 'i,..,..,. . . . . . i '·1,•?.1 ·•·•· .' .• , ·•·j·~•,l t··· .... 1. • 1 ., . . ·. ·•. '· ·;·• '",'?•'·!'.,:1•·\;~··,.,~i!·h,1i"•.111·: _. ,' I i.f,!,'•·Hi/\11 .,,,.r, .. ,,,.~·-t,·.• ';.<!;,t/, ,• ... 1 •~ ;,._ I J\~l~::;':y o::y 1~ p~·ople:. ~:e i~ea of formi:g ~· so'.iji!:ins: · lii~ct. In this case, even assuming the effect fthel :!: ive~sity j f l', · :· !'.rfl~Eltirg is disregarc;led; what Js obvious is that all th~ subs~~ i ent!key i •: .· . i'~~ti!1[$ - ·at. Britis·li Coytt~II and later. at Starlight 1 1 Jerei +)' J , · : . _; .' ·::i.l~#~:hd.~d.: by·_. more ·th~ri 1bl ·people. (in either .,neeting ·-~er; 70· ! :~I . 1 , ' 1 1 ; · ;i :'ljf Ul~~Mi 'Ii" i-' ,. . , • · ' '· I: I " :.. ,,, : : I, ,,\:i/e~~'.r)i:j Legally, Wt'Jat ma~ers (s the m,miber of 1ople w,ti;, •,reniiain! ·. ! .•.· . ' ' 1111:;~e,~~ioll to the rn1n1mum puin&er recjuired underithe 1awJ1 nd; not : · , ,•t~{bµtiJber of tho$e Wh(j i$t came -~P with thE,i, ide~: /I •'. ~ ~•DJY , }' . 0 '.!:._:,)i·h·r~.shh~tj is' that th~··n~·~,b~,. of fot.mder 'me~beJs ~A·Jif1:·1·)i!;B. ·• /~,{ :· . ' . . .~ . ....I I ' ' ''!'.' .. ·I· ' . ! • If ,''I I. 1 1 ·{i·:1 rl: I • •~El(?;: the rnin,imum, pre~cribM' by the '.aw. In fhe c~r,(lltt <;p~e · ; ) . 'I':. '' 11 l, ; ,. : .:,!1fl~e.yer, as .we have glready seen, this do.~s qot app!Yi! ~s the 11 ' forrnatf.>ri' of' BAWATA was m~1cle during the nieJtirlg heJ'\ at!thE! ... !,~tersitYof Dar es sa1~am. ,':rhe subseq,~e~t +~ti~'~J;:,:Brjfish ! • . • 1 ,ColjpCii gnd Starlight, Hotel,: bY, 1patever name they werf , fnd ed'. i ' i• .•::j~~rt~ 11 cpntinu~tion ct Wh~~ had taken plqce ~t the/LJniy~isi ,;of:,P~,~ .! · i 1 1 l ·. i{':1/ifi,~!~f in and p~byided t,ha~ a\ :east"t~n founder mtm,b:e.rtr :, 't1 n,~~I~ . i ', i.' · l:. . , . ;··:!.¥:h:nat:a: · ;,i •,,;:,,l·,·1-::·<··' ; L,:Without.legal ba~is. 11 ~:t :~:. . 't~::c:::a~ut ~::a~lstt1!~: I."!' ., '; ' • ; · : . · I !,h::.Ll r''•~1 ('. 1 'l'. tI~ ·•. :, i •·. l·• , ::;1 .',I'':. ,ll , I I; . ' ··... "\'" . •. ·,· . I I I • • '':/Jlf. f ,; ' .. , '.: "' ' 1· ' ' (11 ~ I , ;., , :.;. ;}~ere is ~'.yet . qnp'.ner ~aw. W?ile vehe1eqt!y; ill ~ti ~' ' ·; • • :' : · ; , iif~~,~~~g and disputing what the ResJ?ondents ,wery .allegin , . gai st , ' 1 theni, ·including the registratlC:Jr Q~O~ess! · in order; ,to. ap~~ 7e he ; ! ·• • ; 11 il~e~~~nden~,the PetitionerftcaUed> an ,ex~ra1ordina.rr: rril, ! •• ,! : m~t,ng Which was attended 9\':about 217 ,membefs;/ff[~t .i sqme, / , ; .•.: ,.-. ii~.-~~o,d.~~~ iJ~d 5.~tirti!tt,esf_ the'11:1 \Q the,_ R~g/sti!ar -~i~~ I :~>,~~ ! :',!) . '• j';f" ,!,· 1';1•1,·-1·11 1: 1,·! ' .. ' ' 1 .. .' . • • . ' ', . ·• ·. j' ~ t•. ' I. I.: . . I '11 ! '1 ·.~1 i,1!•~;;;,.,1 :, ,,,, \ ' .. :I :I ' _'•:1 '., ji' !l ; ' ..'! .I , • (· j; ~- ;.', 1:1•, i I ~ I'., ', . I't1,1;,-i ,1, . I ~• ':;• • '.1 , • . 1:·1· •., • • : • \• . '•·. ; . I ;' ·,, : I 1 ' ·, l•\1 . ' ·11111 • ,:, , 1,, 1, . . • I • • '. ; •• ' _,'. ,· • : •:-- ·1·; , • ' ; ,' , . , I. ' •'. : . I. '' . ,··1·1 I 1·' · '.·,ti°.·•.. ·•~I" '•! '. i ' ·: ; 46":' ,, .. ,, '' ·' ~,;;: . ·. : I ,. ; ; I ' ·:iJ·, -;_~;, :-;, :1 •.::: • :. ; : L ' • ' " • ·-; I I ,·." I ', 'I .. • ., '.· ,, I ., ' ' •• ~· ·: ·:. >: : .· : '' • ' ,. . 'i::.·. ' . . . I.· ;' • :: Tif'i' ;:i i - :.. ·. · r . i· ,· :, , [ ·. ; I~ I ':(::., L:.,;.,;_: ·. j: ;,: :• . • • ' '; "jf'fi t' i:'. :j ;·t : ' :,,·:~ '" ... •" . •• ~- •' . i!,: !.I ,' I'. ! ': .:•- : : . ,· . . . ,. . .-·~~-- ., .-.~;i : '·::::i_:i·: ,: .. ;·: :':·· I. I I 6. Kwa maaria hlyci'Msaji/i wa Vyama i}me-,,yaan't;Jik/a ;, ;,i ',: i: 1 I • , 'J ': .I•· iI I 1· .I I I '· : .l' ' ' : ~ •• ,11 '. . ,; • II < '! . • .. , • . 1· • '. ; I . ,, I . .. I ·' . ·is a branch of or is affiliated to or connefted · I. with iJ(}Y. org~nl1i]t/on -:,r group of ~ po!ltica/ : , . I ,, n4h;(c ~,$~bi{fhl'ld outsir:Je Tanzania; dr. ,. j · .· :: ' ·. . ts bfin~ }se(I or Is 'likely_ to te Jsed ~or j ! . I 1/nlawtµI llpu!pOses or fot any J pur. 09e ' •• ' 1· ._ ~ ,,, ::.i~ • ··: prejudicial; ,. .~o or incompatible r;yith the ' ·, :•i '. ·" ; . I maintenance " of· peace, order a d ·o6d · 1 . government,· or· .. ·· ' . , · , . 1I 1 {c) h/i;,plteted1/s objects or_pursues'ob!e.C:S,., /?~:::::. L->:r~-- .:.:.i~:! ·t·· 1 thim ✓t~ dec/ar~d obj~cts; or · . '. ;, ·:· n. : ; 1 ·1 ;: . l ( d) . . . ; . 1 .· ; f has failed to coinply with an order mere und,er . ' ; ·. . ' ./ ,r ,!l:. .•: ' 1: ',. • , , I'. .. : , .sectio~ 2~Wftf"J ~he lime state~/:. surh oJ. , : :) : · . ' , ' Prov/~~d th~t, p~orto cancel/~~ any :eg(stra • tY: ;/ . r I l ' :J li·l; ',t . tf/e R.!i[f'$/{i!f $/lfi>''Jf/10, h/S l?,tent,o?. tq ~hr so ,~r:' / ' ' ·, ' ' r,(. · :'•IJ'ilr]h:1· :ii' : ll" ·1lil!• ••'i· 1 cqn!;f:m~d ~nrf Sti11,lg1ve /t arf opportUnJty to'.s ' 17/1~ "f' I · '. ' ~r .• iii , ·.• I •• ' •• ' ' :, ·., h,I'·,·· ,,, :1:. ii· 1·_· • ''. .I ··1' . • I' I · I : . .. I · ,... I .1 . . '; ' '."',, ': :11 j,\\l:,! If'' I : ' rea.son,s Why thefegi~tri/tion shi?u~ not pe c1nce! i: .,' 1· f ,·i.< ,: , I,'''· ·· While iliJleed the (:iiscretion bestowed upon t,he . egist · ~ is veiy . . ·.• '1ft, . ·,• • t· \. . • · · ' I {'.-;,' , I . , ., 1: .,;_ ' . I -r '1· .::.wide, . r· · his'.·acts should -hav.e, a source peg!!)ed on Iany Of·!i ,.p fagraphS, ,: ' . , .• " ' • • - . . ,. • i ' . ii 1-- I .• I I ' 1 . . ' . I. . , , . . ,., •· · • , · - . ' : 'I . i• . • • . 'I ! ,r , · (cl), (b), (c), or (d). ,ii.S wsljave already ctemonst1at ?jl)o Ie of the, .; " .•. . , .. ;' Al'~gaJi?ns cqq Pe captµ.redllnder any o,f the Si:lidffir gr~ph , ' . . .. I · · · -·~•·-1,rr:•if As..... fo( I. . ) ' i: ·!p~ragraph (Ci-)~ _the~e is, no gr:tr for_ s~pply of,?!id1ed ,9:coq!; W~nde~ j '. · SC2~: or any other orde~/'1'J, which .~rder.was tiol ted. f tf i~ no . :, ' \~P,~~¢r that the cancella'tiott,or~e~:sinfply gave pe ~ral J',tnketeq , ~ J. . I:. ,;, ' ~~9.9~? that ~AWATA nad, 1'ti:i/faj to r;om'p/y with fhe' ~fNis(1 of.the ;'' 0 1 '. it;ll ,~Lirij1qri CJr4Jnqrjce eqp, JJJ~ft_9S4. "Whjie StilJ on Wif shobid ·: ;: : , f:;jjf/f,j/ 1,; p,lil;ij.y stat~ thpt ,Vher~ ~$' laii' s~ecifi~s grOUt\?S J r9:°,~:. 7·~~~~;he · :/ l . /. . , . . .... .., ' • . • ,,. 1- • , ..•J .:,/1 ••• . ; ' • •~. .. .. ..•1·I ' · ~~l' . . ' • ·, 4 •• • l ' • ·· · · ·. F.. ;(;,,. : • '; , : , : ' • • •. , •·, , • I • • •• I • • • > ,' • • • , ' : > : • : ·, ,, i ,:; : I I;. J '' ' -'.' I l : r' : • 4.9;, ' ' I. r. ' ',. ' .I . I i· ' .• • ~ • i I l: . t •• ·I:. ..,. . . ,. r ,; ,,.141 l :, ,f'. I •,,, .' .. ·' . ;·:: ', i i'l'··· "'-.:·· : ,; ·, ' .. '• 11. I . !i ,'.) i ~t (, •' .. '1'· •, ' ·:·· !'l~r:... ·i+} t1f :. ' l··11 ·ji I ,,, ~rJ,. ·~> '·· llI,,'':.''. .'. 'r:"-;: • (•r.~- . ,, ·,11ii' 11 . i; . I ' I ' . !L' ,i., ·.·1, .~ ... , . '.j• l 1. ;· • r. l j ':1• ' 11 , , ' .,', i·,. , ' • I; I J ' I I • • • • I • ~f ' I' .. ' ' ' i : ; '11,' ! . \ ~ . . d II 4 ' ' • • I ; • . 1,. : . .. • ' . . .• i, . i11a.Y~hority can ad to curtail a person's right (as is s. 17) iri tj is ciise a ; , right of association and · assembly ill terms of. rtictf '. 20 of 11 ; : : ., .' ••:,' :r:QDS.titution ,r,,>1,,I.l I,•:, 'I ' • of the United ~ep401ic •i ,1• ;·I ! of .... -Tanzania, . : cJm I · on SIJrnse ,' ,,:1.' l and' .,N? i<)~ demand that the authority specify that grou,nd i t ,I prder or · :, . ;,:· ,.. ··!'1meht. , ill"i 1 ·, · , , .. - ,, • .. : i. i ,•.11 · : :, ! ', l' :·, I . ,· I, 1 i ' ' . } I 1 '': \,.J\ :1, ' ., .,'t j ,, :.11Jr1 ·: \:_ 1 • ·,1 :: I I j; \i · ..·. IJ ' 'I I . ~: )·I .•ji\•;,j . .ti .. ' ' ;' : ·,11·· . • · . II ! ._·_1 ' I ;<: ' ', . ' ' I' 1' I"'·' . . . ' .. ' ,. • •. I . . . . ·, . ' • · ' '' We ~hould add also th?~ ~ven tre;ding on t~e la ;!~:it _i~, the ;- : ; ,t ''f!Pi~?Yi$q,ito_ s~.17)s ,n .. ,.,.... , .. , , . 1., . n'o~ cosaj~ .. ::ic... At leasfit ....,. • haS:eiiefetts:~fti1_·t~{_:fighf~:'.j- • , - t!1) ,... ,! · J"JiI 1 :· . I l:Qibe he~rd which goenand In hil!ld With a right ~o ad~c\pi?n'after i, I I, 1 b~lhg so hearq, We H~we SUfflcl~ntty' demonstrat~d t at laj though a !j ' I, ·k.!nQt1ce of cancellation was lssuea;"_whatever answ,~ th t f\~ld hav'r •. i,. ; been given, it was··not intended to be acted upo~ as th~;jauthority;; .I',.•. · ,·; ' i:;'~a(/_ a. Iready made .~-P its· IT,llp~f to ·deregister .BAw_!AA,J ·:'Jf_ vJ:eve~;!: ': t . ( : ·'i' %r~;.('r~: 'i ' ' 1 ': :.Ji~,n<;ijti(ln l!qcter' s,t,1:.c~nHot~~e a'. f~ ~a$hing_ 'req ii 1 i ! ._·, _. ._ : i/1:~;Q_.'. ..\i,. ex_ten_t,jt~~_l.low$ tH~(~ff~cted . perso_ n to exeraise i~ r~~- t to b~ ; .·_: I e_i ,; ·J 'lif i 1 1f,~I ',~i!jjj'~r,i1i;l'i ,,. ~- ''•;• . . I, I · 1 . . ! 'I '• : ' . ,, I 'OJ ,,1, .· ':. 1·,' ,''1< '!"., ,, :·; :, , . ...i, 1,r1 I : -"I, ' .· . .'· '. ".' -I'· ' . .. ·.',·,I . .· .... , , ., .·,: I , •· • ' ' • : . !' I. ' . • . ·, : :;IssL11ng 'a q,,nc;:~llatlon. hptifi~atl9n:: , I , slmult~neous . j 1 wi h · a. pr.e.:s)~lease i· , ,· , \:< · ,r ,• . I , • :; I, . . . . . . • . .., ' l 1 ~ J. '' i_ I.~ .,tp ~h~ ~ffect .that the· govern~~_nt cannot -~llow_. ~/,'f/A. -~ Jq_.:-c.o~t!nut;:_:·. }·r I :6i, :· V ' 'I : : •• ' ; .: ·I· .11,·;,:,•. •: . ' I,·;: . !:· . •!1:1-•.;' t'lll1 j:1,,,),:11 !1;-,:: I l f ta . ! 'i).i't9;~\~t,:is a r-iaked tranipllng9pon that righJ:~Ji_d p~tJ1\N~a~~n? :; ! l .. I the proviso ~s.17, n:ie\jnJ~gle~J W~at the Respol/!9~ ts' '11/ :\i_Dlc!.tep • H .• '. . • ' ....... , . ' · . 1•.-•f ,., ' 'I' "' '"' ' ,I, ; . ·; Article 20( 1) of. our Constitution whlcli.-pr.-0vides; · · . ·.... - · . ' : · - • ·_ :. •;1,:1::,} ·., , • ' • -~ •, ,;'!••. t, , ·:, i1·( : ! .· I 1 ' ' ,, I:. ' I' .. · ,. I "Every person is entitled to freedom,' subjecr to the:, : \: (: .' j: .' .. ;l . I ; ,.. laws of the land_, to freely and peaceably a4;em fe, 1: Ji. ·: i. :;: . 1 l :i .I' ; !i: 1 > > ,;', I a:s?ciate and c~operilte Wit~ oth~r P~1~~s;i~xp esJ I • 1 ,•·· :l;,l:,r-,;r.1/1::\;1,; ;J_ .. '' /.'' l'J',,, 'I,, i:. ~ ,11ieiv pyblicly, a~1:ar~ ~pec/alvo form tnd_ ~- f(: f r: . i:' .· i : ., i . ' ., . • :·· ji. ; ~I "{ji!1 ;' ,: I' I . I i , . 'i ' : , · ; : :. · :··:·, .:;/i il!,,f1i 1:. 1{ lt ,,I . · Ii 1; ·:..:< :· sb;;;; :"ji\ '> 1 1 1 1 :: :_::;.( 1 ', :' /._i~:-,.1,-:·· : .,·;: -,:1, '• ... :r,: . ,... ' .. ,' . '., .I, ' . ., ' I ' ·, ; : .,,i;:, ',l:!;< I~ - I ·1 . 1-f.I 'I';;, ::. . I 1•:,_ ·. ·.·.·':, _; 'r· ,_1· 11· . . . :"1•:. :, i: ,: ! './' . I ·,, ii' .-'.,I . ,, .. ,, ·• '•h-1. i ·1··. ' ! I•'' .1': I ,-.· ... : '. wl I · : i' 1 associations dr (tJrtherlng his beliefs or interest[. or ..; • • I any other )nte't~s;, 'f], ,..- ·,1 . .. II I, :, I ,l .• '. • .I I I The simplified issue · one Is therefore ·ans elied in . the ' I I ' I ··,i:1.-lffir.tD~tiVe; 1[111.1,/1-:1••, •• ';. l, -l .. ' : . I We turn to issue twq. Indeed the Societies :Act (C.ap 337, R.~, . . . . ; : . I ! ,,, 1002) is r:10t without problems. ~ As dghtly pointed ;out by P·rof. -Shivji, • ' ~i. 1· • , _.i.-~ ' .. • ! ,, • • ; • ; • ; ·•• 'j · :-~~e! tC,: ._.its· wanting•. natyre~ ~l~ ~as_ ?ne of, the ._~g.!, L~ i~t¾!i~~~ -~~ic~ ___ .. ~.: ', ·'· li,rl2~:: ~e~~~;: ~:TANZANIA t1i;'i').)lWAMA I' ,,,111'•l1; Ir '!, ~1:: :~~~~o~ t:t:Jb~:~~:~I: i~r ~.: )',:', 'Ni1fl·u,·1t~1T1.1 ' ,-1 'l r VINGi VYA S!ASA I 1 .- '199.1).' , I i I ' '··111 '.:":f . .:! ; ;_ ' .. ' ' 1 I ' '. l" • :' ' ' .' i / ' I ·I· ' ' j 1.' ., 1, i -. '• .., !• , , I . ; ; 1 , ,'., J ' 'f ·1 ,, • ' , •; • ! . I I . . ' l 1 , 1: . .I , ' 1 Tf~e Commi~sJbrfs fe@ll~Q$ regarding-its ~iola:tive ~atu~e~ of ba~i-~ !· ,1: :· , ·t' _. .1j.,:\L1.::/i;:1:::; 1 1. ••• , ,...11.'1• 11 -1, ,t , . I·• .\·- 'I' · r.. . 1 ,. • 'I •1 r ig I I . ., ''f!!Jtits anclfreedofns; 6311,_~t be capt,ured froryi ~e • o'.~i used i~ •:. ,: · . 'the report>which iri '.·,e\_.,, j-'', ', fo.llovls: . ,, '.· ,. (.' ,.-:. . 'part)sas 1 . .t. . : i:~ i·::> · .:,. :. --r. ·.. · h 'J . 01~ I ; /~\;.\,;;:•:,_:· : • [' .,, ' , · .· · "The Societies Ordinanae:~{Cap._ ·337) I~ ~ ,t { r .. , . d(" :•' :'· Iif . I laws that hinders the enjoyment of· ti-e(!do · ;, , a:socia_tiori {Inc/ freectom ()f Assembly. . • [:" 1 : j'/ t '- ' I~. · ; -_:: · · ':':· i;I . '· . .• The OrcJin~~Ge makes it e;tren'l~1y)/mc t }f,~ '.' / ;\ •ii :( ·i . . :,:•/1L.:~J;;·: ·. "···fdrrp_ · a_ ._nd. ;un_. :·ilclvJ._i association; b;~~e:-~'in~-~~~/!y:;:,)~_ ._, .•,:_!'. 1 ' ;,1:,.. 1 • ·:(·'.1/!'' 11!1:j' I ' . ~ :1ltjtl!!\,, 11~'.''[f'i(} 1 •• ipd~~i~fiirJfJ/it/Cf PRrtifF~, trade unioris ete;etc. O I\:., . .. 1f{ ;\J :;I { , .. ·l:',tll . , 1 I .. · .• ·• 'j,'; ,... ' · cµtlinecl ab()ve t~e ~rclinanc~,giyes the oli1fe of th[1.' · • :•· : : . ,):i;\ regls_tr;ir '()f Sr;xietfes wtcte power?'to registe1orrjfuse ::• ,.. 1:i ': 1 iC}!.~fii!1J:!':L ·.• to ri:{/ister {my ~.ss#•ta#on. ihe·re9is6-al fSorlli+; ~ i ::- · has ·'total discietl~tJ~. {f} ·this res~ct: _· Jn fhat. way'):-: i: :! • .. , . ,· .. '~ . • ! ' ' • ' • t • • ! : . ·• p_plitir;al pn;S$t.Jr.e. or lnllµence fs eas11y applied td. hi ) , · · .;. ; , ': 1 • 1f:!'?Ut . . ·• ·· ·,. ;. 1 •. , ·;, ! .· . . i .. . : .: :• ! '; ' .. I \ '' I .l t• ' -I !'' I l!\l'"I; ••' :• W' i•I . ' •. ' • i I 1•• ,-··11 •· ; 1 j; ..,. Iii : .. ' ' I ' ' ; : : ,_:!·ij ·:! . I. ' in reaching his deC/l'ldrt to that effect, that is to. ,:efuse ! •~ or ~ra(1t regis.trf!t/on 'pf any ~ociety. · 1 ,. • . I 1 -: ' • Under the Ordinanc;e • the Presidlint can also r :' 1 · · ·-:'_j ,; , declare any societr.,whfch is duly registered unlawful. ·: j ., i.·: \ ,: i·. ,.·: He is nqt required. to.· give any. reasons for h,l , ! I · ,· ·1:,l,,1j. ,·1, . ii : ·, I I . · · ·; .; ':.i" .. :; · deffsion . .• ·.• ' · : · · , • I •, i'j, ·!,f f1, 'I . _.. ·• ,· .. I ,~;,, ' : I nf :y ·i ·,; . •. _. •. • ·1. ·, . . . ' ; 'I ::., 'rlli~11;·111:; I!'1;!1; '.:': ·: '. .. .,~ . FurtntrmordJthe /vl/nlste.r for Home affairs is ' 'h 11 l f· 1 tf/ 1 I ' • ,·, t••·· :l.i t • ·. 1 • :_:\!. \~lf!Jl!lti::;:'. 1 _: 1 _:i; · · ·empow~:-e~ t,o qrf er f(ny Olg~ni$ation _to_ ref/f~(f!Fi· 'rf".i ;< ,,~··· <· ·'-.~·: ~-. society under th~ -~tdinance. T~fs._occurs wf?en ·,thy :(l 1 : : , ••• ;·: · /T"'' ." · · · M:nister, is of :h·l _opinion that;:such flganization if:; _.: .. I ::;!\ ..i;:,.. :.: . ~ carrying on qCtir(t/es Qther than busine5s: Onc_e' registered ~nder_ t.11fJ Ordinance, the organization falls1:! . • I • • • • ' • , • • I ' ;·: ,, :· ..un(i~r the ·survel//~nce •d_f the Minister . who. i\ :: . . _: c :, ·.:i : : . 1 empower~d ~o mo~itor 1 ti: 'the acti~ities of .th_j ~ ·: I ·' : .. i :• . : organization. Besides, any>J!ecisio_n mad~~lµJder' th, .; :t. i . Ordinance eittjf- /Jy .the· Plesfde~t or Registfa( o~ I; I·... ' · ·• i ·• ; : ' :l '·:-1-. : , ., . ,: . i l .; '· i F:;~ ,( I_ ' ' · .,1 •!:1,·:1:,: · Co,uit of ~aw. ; •·, . ; . . :1,.r:i..:.\r..i . ·,h r.'1L: ~',;, .. , . I I ·1!tr . . . ·.'·!·. . ..·. i '1.' . ri -1' r I,d.,.tha't . the O!iidinan~e be ~.111; n_de_'_ •,.: ., ,.: 1 , .. '. ,!; f/il/'! II.,<·h' 11-j.l'•1 '.•. iiJ :',:, ,· "•.,:·: · 'It,isl re,comm 1 • ', .._,·.,P,.17. •:a_-:·ij· e' :'_) ; '' ''1 ·.:;-,··:if: !-. ,,·. ,'.1, ..;,' '.··. .. ,, •'.'•i:, 1,. JI :· , J · accorc/ing/y. ~ · ;. . , I i · ,. :·: .:..;. ]fl , . ·, · ,. •·1 1· ;· ! ,:: l' · .L.}-L . . ": · . ,· . : :i 1 1 :(: •• Ji:! .. I !· · .. :!\\'::.- . We should pose he,r~ ~nd point out two matters/; ~ frst, in thi~l:,' ., : :r.e~tlonf the' P~µ~ioners imp4gn fewe} secti~ns.:of it~~, A~! than those: i . : ·); ~-~~sequentlyrp.olntgd _,~? ~nd. $u~m!tted upon.: In t e P~titionr\., 1 ''\ ! i[] i'!'pa·r~gr~''pb. (lY)' :. ' . i: ;,, : ;. . there.Qfy onty"~s2(2{ 6; 9(a),:·9(d)(i1i)~ 12,· 12A, 13, 24) : . . . . . ' ~ I ··•• • '. ' • • ,: ·., : • . , . . : ;. • , : ·; · ,.:J~r2(2), 8, 14, 17, 18; l.9 ~fl? 30 -respectively .:.u~9er~; e:•.A~~., car< :i, !: ·'' I •. 1 1 _:';·.: 1· ~- . -~ :. . :•.·.·:··::.;·!·L::··.:: .·1··· . . . ·,;_ii,·. I' : I. . . . . ::T:i;··\, :, ~,, . :~-~ · · .· \.. , : 1', . i 'I 1'1 l :11 ')' ',, ' .: .i .•. . ''l 11Ji' ,l I ; : , • ,., : i:. 52 :; \ .. · ···:; ,I !1,:i!J.lfllit!1/::, .· . ·• .\h'1·~1:lt,1~ t: ::: ': ':,,· ,' 1 - ~t ·1·1· i.l · . . : ,•· ·. .. ' .· ! >:; )_:_. f'i ;_ ·. _:, ',' ·.1,_, 1 •• ... : '.·, •!,i < .. : ,:)' :l:.:::l:ki ;) ! i< .. 1 I . :' •.·I·' II''' I : ':; 11.,. ·,1_~· .• ' . - • .. ,•1 .. ,1 ···• .••·' '·'"j I t ·; ,,,·"'r i • , '! itt<:'\ '\'Ji : i 11, :·,, · •· ,. •.. 1 .'. {:. \S' •••. ' '';,:, ·, . . : ;,1' .\1";,1i\!::,I,fWHl~Jjli .H~\.l::-ir-:;.:t; · ,· .:1. ,Jl\1l!hYH,,j(,·,,,·: 1 · · •. . •. ;\• · •. , I il_J.l_. 1;Il:_: ... • ·\?~,::;.·.·::::j;: · •, · \ . 1 1) ·'..-.:::!. <:::J)\:·· . .. · . 1 ·:,. 1 . i: <. ~ ,' '·1i;' \ j,i': H1· '. ·, . ; ; ' ." ' ··.i··\ ;I,,, . ~ ' ~ ' ·11 : ~··" ' ' ': ' ' : ' I: \.' -: ' ,· : :: 'I, • . :.'''l:t . { ;:i\i::',: .· 11 'I I ', . I , ! ··: 1 ,i '. I ,. • , ·, ' ' : ! I :, ' . ;' ' • •. ·.:i I I' •• 11 : '~_37 ~.g, 7002] and qny syb~ldlary·legislation made there under or in 11 ; ', •. ll/titt\on' thereto, are i,rnpugr~d, While i[l t~e slibmissionsl Prof. Shivji ' I . (t:l1:1t1.'11 -~~~I: t~.f ~ttack fu rtH~r byi _~dding s,- 25 - ~9 and 31. \~"' -~sh?,u I~ be,: i. ,;: :~H\~;Jt#~i!Ft1I an~ state thf;lt,: ~gllilY/ a relief or claim not inc/ d~d in the :_plea~in~s·· generally c~~n~t \i~e. gr~nted~- ·. Thus the SI' ct1~_ns. not ·1 · . , ;Jormmg part of the Pet1t1on will not be referred to. In sa ng that we, · ·:r :>:UL.:: .: : ::.. . ,, I ,· . . i : 1 ,. ·>';~r.~. aware of the Court of A,ppeal decision in Civil ~ppe~, ~o. 45 of I ,I' I . ' ' . ··. :.~9,9~, the ,J~~9e_;·11 cr~~i_ph co4.~, Arvsha: ~.n.~,.,~~,; ;:f~q~n~¥::f'•:/i ' '' I ,• . . . . •', .; \: :1i\i ,~r:~rfl,l ~ N!l,N, M~!l4P _Ngullf'which ·Uphel_d tbeyie:,; .:;r~resse~:: } 1 ·. · '.. ,1qy·:t,he• l, '\ High Court th 9t '4ourts ''s~ot;td take. liberal ·appr9.a_q . . to.. ru_/es "'o( ) I· •1 . ·1 I !, .1 1,, 1,.. "' • ' : . .' ' ·. ;, .. ,. ,' ! ':"I.',,' ·:11,,;, ' . .' : ' I •. • ' ' '" I ,I ,. '·. ,., ' 'I ·, • • ·, • :· ;ipr,$,'ctJe,~ and procedur,e Where basic rights and freedoms are. inVi,•: _r=d so as toi . .::: ,: I :' 1 I, I 1, :· " . I 'I I '. ,. I·:' ' . , ,' ' . ,' I . I .>. 'QIVe to the complainant c1 fufmeasure of htsvigl:,ts ....... T,he ra ;;o(iale 'is thJf ,:-;'· 1 i • I • l '] ' ' ' I ' \I . . I . . . /. :s!1~e the rights..9ranted by th~ ;(()f]stitution Jr~ effe¢tively 'enforce; >.:and. that to .'.· 1 • : , , : ~ij)l t~~~\n,f to '~xamin¢ the rn.~;i:1\ bi·~ P.~fi{ion ~-:~'ri·' th,& ;,ba~is .0/1.1 ···;:pr.ocedura! ' •• J j !; ,/i 1!1,lti1;ij,i1 .1 j : ·l . ·!I .· I ·. · ·· 1 ,; ·\ • . ' .. I ' ' . : ' I ',<:1t,·' I' 'I ' d1 01cr1tity i·1·1: :m'··~{t ; I,,,. I' would 'be q{1 ;.afr()gation I I ' .. , of that 'nutyJ· 'i'.. . .': :: ' T ·11. fi,.case ' ' ' . is.:; "· ' '' i' j' ·! .·. i'.·,.., I·'~ ~ 1 1 ' .j ; '1''' I , ..... • f. .. • •',; 1 ' I , •• I • : • ,' I '. ', ," . :· ·. ;dl~ting~ishable howeve~ ~~c~~-se th~ issue befor;. •~he q; ..ur.t. was '\ 1 1 :• : . i I: •' •. .. ~ j' ; . :!·.~arrow: one, related to Pfpy~r;S· a~? .it c~nc~rned i fpilu,;. :1Jo :plea~;l.i: 1' ,.,,J • .,I:, . I !I , .. , . . , ., ·. : .·_. :-.i~r,e;Cl'.fic damag~s. The Court dl~ not ~pen.::a pi;mdor~.s· _b~I \,tq1 .ln~!udf; . , ; . _i\orot$?1.Qri$ in the body pf a petltjon. Ag~i~,~ a per~9~1)~~·:,P'.~-~ci~~~ .t?;! ,..;,r 1 1 ,, ' ;;, it lffei~,w:11,~rQe t~~~9ns:!ituti9rian;ty ,Of provision~. of the :law 'is ~~ boun~/; :; '' 1' ·. · .· ::;'JP.:. :,§_~~-c;ify_ Whit~ pfle$i_ are' lrnpu;~neQ....~atc?. •.. Phras.e.s:~Pr ~-~:h~J~t1: i, . Jl!I \i1. □·\Matioh\: , 1 ·. '. '; : 1 1 ·,:;I .·' ',. ·_\:,'1!)1.h..~tU ' . :e.: hke "any. sLibsldi'~v..l~glslatibrlm&e1ti:ne~und.er '. ' • · ·'' I ,J ' ' . ' · .• · I .:. .>Jh~r~to"I ~s was framed' in·ihe petiti~n; fall 4nder refi~fs ot\:.~laims 'nqfii: ': •i·'1 ii-'.,-\ .. . . ·. · ••: • ,· , :; . .)~.,' .. I •. · i •. ~:p:,Rl~~:9e.d,_:. 4.· ·1:~-~-:.~ :; .• • J·:·, · .:{;;i. ''.,\il~:f~'!t · 1 '. -!. : ;:::( ' ii)·' ,'I '' I ; ' !~ :Jtll,lj1'i!l1!l~11i,\'. ·..!: I I ' ~~--. : :'.·l·ll,· ·-~~ i • ·1 \ :. : :,:::· I., l']~,ij(i1.tt.l'f ' ·.·, ·.·:,, ( .'jl~ I . : .,. .. . !'1•!• . . •·· l ,.1,·1. ., ~-· ··., ,,,. \':· .. ·.;:1.· • . •• \ ' ,· • ' • .J ' ' •. ' ', . '.· ..•111 ,1; ,· ),' . sr. ,. 'i{ I ,' I ' , • I ... , ,I I • I " 1• , : ri .., ii Ii,, I · • • • • 1_.. •1•,. . I ·. : j1 l!,' l ' I ; ;:,, j,.,jll J • ' :I I ' ji'J;,i',:-.'•f.'I 'i1•1f ... . ;,'. " . I,, . \,,. . • '' . ? .ti j,:1 ~. -,.; :·T; ,.. :-::,•::·If'!,·)·_ - ·1'··1 ' . .;:,' ·~ j> · _::i,·· I I.::. ·, . 1' . f i ;\:,~f;;P9ipted out above, th1 Respondents did not f!aim f {~ny give,~ . p~ln~ In .the whole saga, ta ·have relied on. either: of. the , , save for l-1, '· , . . ' ,- !i~l! I •., t '· ~ ' 1. ! , • • : I , ' ; ; ' ;l\ Jhi7~ prQvitjes fQr ;Q~naral exf)rclse of t9e po1r:s af the • ';·, I,!' 11:i~~~l:;trar as exhibited in ~Xh l~~(a~ (~he %ncellatio; Notic r) ·. . 1:: . · ' :~ · I I 1 ;:,;-, . .. . In the p,~emi$es the_~efo~e, the Petiti?n aga;tnst th \i'iimpugn1~ · ,i. :! f."~~~idn$, save· for s.17, !iis.: nqt · ba~s.~d on viol~ted , ri -~:t~ :9f t~~ 1 .. 1 :i i.B,~tii1oners in' ~his pq~jc;:µlar c;ase, bull-generally/ pbterltfill iiirii'p°actiri9"' 1 , . Ill"~'., I1 ,, ·11M' . I. 1 : i: :l :·,i1-!1l1::( 'r11_: -~~.e,r right .of_' q$$dCI'.l~tl9fl_·, _~nd assembly. , ·.·: 'Tljl l,:!,![[rn• 1;1, ;I;,: · , . · cl' . ', · This, ·1 hey_ ar: i\ehtitled to ' . · · ··• :IJ 1 1 !; .!.; j: ,·• • • 1 ' ',,::1 ~t10 ih terms of ArticldQ~) which pr~vid~s: 1 .., . . ·... i ••·• ~ .·• ;;·••J• !· > •· •.. I J ,i':,· , • ·.i,:' i : ;;;;;;;;::t:/:~.::::;;:::::~~:.:::u~i:J' . [(} j ·bf:'. · (: . :;, . owe~/' to him has /j~en,: Is being or is Iik~(!' :to 11(P.IP,t~tl fr ~n~ ·ferson any~here in thf -~ Unit~i\'. .. . ;!;: _°' r,1n;ra1{i1, may lf!Stltt,;te P1oce~1''!?~ r~~ l'.: .J;: :: 1 Republic 1_:_.'' . / · . -:: -redress m the H1glt Court."~ [6mphas1s--- ourslfc::.: ·. ·1. ·- 1' · ··•·,_:_ . .[see th~ English.V€r~qn of thEi•Co'~~tit~tf6·~;-d \r-'·:<• . ~i-.. !r: ::i: ,l • '! -., . 1·. · .. · .;. 1 • • ·" 1 I- the ·united . Republic; of-'. Tanzania, ioos T(l :r ':: ' l <: ' : ' 1 .• . ,. . . . .'. : ;:- •:t't .'. 1"•:··. ;1· '! --r , .. I ··although we ; ar.e, awap.e .! that- as · oy :f ··: · ·: · I:! · ·1 . I , • t ! , ' '/ I . . CoiiStituti,Pn ·, i/s estaPlis,hed· i~ l<i~wah)i !!! :.• r: ' ; language the c~ntrolliryg version , in · i~ {I ::· , ~hterpret9tio_n .is the Kiswa_hiH :.~.nd ·po_~· th. -~f~..>.,. :·· .. '!, ~EngJish.·. versfon _,-6· (CA) " . ·· . : . '<:; ~ -'6PP~--=~?~s~u,di 'pef -iit" ' · 1 . · , i 'i;I 1 · , ,.4 .. t ' •• ft ;. • I • i• f ,ri, , (1993) TLR 22] :r~.,• •· 1 . · ~- • • :,: : : r f'·' . ~,,. ~ •. I ': ' ,'I::; l; : ' I, 'fl' iI • •, . I '. ' Hi :. , : If • '• . . I l; . i : ,:; ., 'I.· ; .• . ,,. .... ' . .. ·., .·•• ,. I ' ' , ~ 1 ~ ., .. } . •·f•, "'• rI I ·, I . . I i . 1. : .: . . i' r I :. 1,1 . . .: · .. i;: . \; fl •. . . :· ., ,: j: i 1 r1•1_ . , : . .. . I . ·- ' . ' .; •: ••1··i·. I l l'/ f' :' . .. '! ..i :t;· '. '' ·; '· .. ': I.' ·, J ·-:'·!'"'i } ' .i ' , ..,·, I I; ~ . ' !( ;, : : ' I I ;! .:~ \ t • . . : ; ;: ,~'i1 ,.··;,.111·:1,1i:•fil':·11r; ·tA , person ..can t~~r~fore j! '1; 1 fl .. rightly, petition :for redress for , • . I ... , I .. ' l : . :an~\'¢(P..~tory. breach or violatlo.ri'. of ·his rights as has been d ne by- ~he' I 1 1 ;.Peti.~ioners on some of the.•provisions.. · ' ,;, ::- . : ·: •· 'i. i· I • i .. I ! '. '. . ' • ., ·:·, j . I : I t ·, ., . ...:. I ,, ,· l , .· : ' . : ··,: ,,1. .!. ;I ?. 'i{JU~ L..: .'. -. . '! ·1; " • • ~ ~' : . : :" . II I ~ >. j"'': .• t j :: \ :.. "'° . . ••· i i .\ . I. '. . . ' • ,,., i\N/ ',Before cleilvjng ihtQ ~hose sections; it i_s i~~~rtanf to state '>),~Jfij\~~1~L:governing . prine;ipl~s. gµiding co~~- i~ (deter1ining ~he : ,constitutionality or otherwise of a legislation_ or!!t>aiti-thereof. A key · j . . .. principl~ accepted i~ oth~r jurisdictions including ~he· Uni~~d. States,· •' ':il/J~p~a.~~-a~d ~~( neighbdur~, ~anda, (just to poillVollt aiJ~~) .~~!, :' ~ ; ., 1 ' i, ;_. ;;.1-!~~~'ili('i~sl· 8) t~ R~R ,~vh) 1 .. ,.;I': ,·:~1i]l,1,,::1i::::.:, /;··. . I , '1 ,is as. ':, ; ' r~~9teq by the ~upr;rr~It9Urt Qf'C~.~ad.~. i~- Rv Big M ''fug··Mart. ~t ~. ijQ,'. thJ1$: ,j: : ; ' . i i I:,,_. . • 1· i .· f", ·•. • \ .' • ~i,1 • f'i • . . # ;a.-. ] ,. r , • ,1 , ' :I '' ' ·1 ,"I .·, '1 ... ' . l . . I I I ' ... : ! I : • • :'.! ' . ,· : . .::, " .• Ii• . ! • . '' : l:_h''!! !", . . both .. pUrpo;e ·; '~nd :' effect • are rele'1a~'/\n, ' l': / \ ', '.i' 11 :; .'. ! ; O O O • 1 0 1 c •,, ; . . I' .. :: determi~in~. -~onftitutionality; . _e~t~er I ; . af?; ; \ J'. I'' . .'•: u~constltut10!7al pu'.Pf{~ l[Jn _u~o~;t1$~1~n~I! !ef!:~ct '. ,.'.) .• ()r . I: ' ::1 ' 1 ·.!ca~ inv?Jlidqt~ /eg,fs@t/or1,. .......... · : A/1' legislation·. 'js·.;_:. ·· .· ·.·: ·. anirhflt~~ by -~i1 :~bje~~ -~he Leg,;tatu;e int~~ds 1to :-.: : : I:_··,. :, 1• !;.: ·11 · . , . . .! ! •,' .. '' ·, ! M. I i: . • • •• ,'.; 1· ';.. i . I f •, > '\ ••. • ~ I • ·._, • • ' • . ! ; ·... ~ . '- : ;· .. '. : . ~-. ·, ,I · .. ,: •··. 55 ... ! ' •. ,. •:.;"~ ; ···f • · • ·I : • . ' I; . . :. d . I • : •:-•i • , I I .... ; \. . . ·, . ,• ;..St , . :··.':· · . -~~ .' :} >,~ · . . ,:•. . :~ . ·'. l.. .~ :· I ' _.. ~ " ~ I ~ •' , ; '' l ' ~ ' I -t1 .' •.. IJ"~ • "• (. •1 l 11. I l ,I ' ' ·. \1~ ' '11 f ;' • ' ,, I I • •i , !· ' . :, :.,,, ._.:· ·:;•~ :::: I 1 ,. : I • • ...... f ,·"· achievt;3. This object is rec1lized through· the impact produced ;Y the! '.-~peration and application o~ the . legl$(ation. pur~t~o and. eff~ct respectively, in th~ . ;i:- sen~~ pt the (ePi{~/!ft/on "-O/jject af!d its .·ulitimat~ :· · imeact, ?re cl?{JrlY lltiked, If not Jnqivisible, Intended ; '' . I . I • ah'd I actual effect$ have· often tJeen looked to fot "I •. ', I . ' guidance in asse~sing the legislations' object and; · thus, its validity." •• . I ,•.•. • I I. ·, :··.:i·i ! The Supreme Coµrt of Uganda in ~Quki V Atfotne.y-~li'e~eral/:: • '1'1 f t • I', • •• • ,' tff \!' l I I ' .' }\\;H,<1ntli1 __ci~~7) ; Q~ff 1~9, ~~.ctoj'ting the same principle, · ,I :, ' I ' ' • ' I ti ' ·•" • ;, ·i ' . . \ 1!il :·11~lfis~.~ed. .i:1-. ... • •· · . .·•.11·r1.•;*·gl11'.·... 1, ·.'. I 'I' .1,d:11 I' . i I I •· • ~· · ::. ',, l 'i'. '11•)1~ .1,J t ' 1 ·. ' ,· :· ·. i-· I ,.. • ,' l ' Ii:; ,:n:i;: :' . J. "Unr;l~r this principle, the Court ~uld conside/ bot~ i. ! I' 1· 1 I • • • .,I _·the purpose: i;Jn~ trect of a~ i1[7pugned stat~te ·t~ '. . ·def~mJine it~ c¢11ffltutionr1/ity. : If-1{he purpose of th~ : ' . 7 . ' . ' ' ·I .. ' ' ,·· - II I . statute infr!ng~slj ti rl.gl;Jt guaranted by '.th~ : • I ·; 0 ' ... ' I I'' CqnstitutiOIJ, thfit $tt1tute Is .declared unconstitutional. . I I . ·. \ . ··• ·• . . . . . : j ; : . I, Vv_here the -purpose of the statute Is purportedly•.: 1' • • .I. '. .within-the Constitution,.the·court would go further to:· , · . . . .. i . ~ . ' ,!, ' ... I examine its· efr&ts. If the effects violate a right- . I, . • ; •, . J,. ,1 • 'I', I' , . 1 guarqnted by the f_d~$tl{.ut~on, that statu(e)s.ral5:?7',_:•:!i:,. · i ,..'· I •\) l • ~e~lare(f ~~~ps~tutlortiit.·~ ' ·,·· f ;~ r ,) \~ :.:t-.,~1 11i'.1:l1\r· :_:.-: ,'l.:1;·\i I .·•. •• :·;:1·-'.~-- :·>.:_.-: 1 · } .\ · •_;1:: .... : ·· i• ,.· ' .T-'.!:;t},the 1 SlJpre111e Cqu~: of)he Unifod Stci~es ?(!'thl~rica iq,, :· :.,_Mc~owan vs M~rvland.:{196i) 366·. us 420 ;wa$. g~idect·by th~;'· . . tdi;i!i /~~.ffie: :princrpi~. . The, cq~1:¼ of; t~e .ljind ~ave : aP;!i~r thr sam( 1 • .': , · J\'~ r/6clp1~·1n th~ ·MtiJdl~i .M,011•ci~ ancf)\konaay cas~.s (~i~·P~~). '. }\<:'; 1 I .,j. . · , · .1· • , . ;'.- ... ··' ·• , , :, :1· . . · )', j ·- • ·~,-- ,::-:,-··· ··',, . 1· .•. ' i:1 :· '< ! 'J,': ' ,.I' ,f; I I :~ ;. . '' '~ 1,1 :: .; . 56, .. ' ,j • I I .. I ' ' ,•' i i 11 I '.'"I, :. ; ' , , .• : • I ': •.·:, • , ,: a 1,: ,. ~ ·-~~~/' :· . .. :' •· . I· ;, ;·. t/(}~1;_:',.f'f' ~j';f)J\~1'#ft' ,. 1 .• . ·... I I.. . . .. · .I • • I• . · , ·,· . : i ' l . .· \ • . · • . . • : J' ' .. T; .,':li.:,.,.ti.'..;/ ... 1 1 't'hl·,~ ,1 JI• With . ,. tHfi;~ let ~s turn , · .to the • Impugned sections. .. Starting , with .J I • , • ' t \;,~(r€ ·~J,,l,\:,,::'. .. •l · .: • , l • , ;:~ . . ;• ~ 1 1 · · s.2(2), we are in agreement with Prof. Shivji that ind~ed t~e same • • ' . I il.r~s ful! taintments of. ·a' colonia'I legacy whicll' was to curtail I • ..'. :~~i~:onalistic groupings. The said subsection "provide~: . 1 . ' ·1 ... • t •. • :; '.; :f~ i; :' I • :, 1·.1·,· ! ' ·11 . !;(,:•·1. :: . ... · ,j::*f(, ,Jf\,) . "'(2)(2) fve'ry Pra~~/1 ,'pl fl fOCiety Shall /:}e dee1ed to_ , · · ~- ,'·. , be. a society if such branch consists of ten or: more '• . . . . I • ·( · . ' members " · ' . · . · · ,../ .,:.,,..; .. _.. ~ ... -- . • • i :. \ -· • .. ·. ,;.. 1:,··~,·''· ... ,• :: 't: ;\1'ii \i; .!. ;•. • ". '-~~ ! . 1· ::.--·.·'. ;' .. 'f· ,'J', I· 'I 'I 1' ' .• . . '1 ,I ' ••• ' ,, I . I. ' ;·a '/:l\\1\ii}W~ ate ~ersua~El~ t~~t t~lli provision is intende:d to bb~tr~ct the :. \ : • 1 \ · formation of riation-wjq~ or~ahlzatlons let alone th'~ir. E;ffecfiveness. \.. I I .. ';•i H-·l:.,:•;,,;,:-~.,.!~ 1~~ :i)A;:_....np.' .,·, ~ender thcit the :R~~ponden~.. t~ok up .Jssues-· .fi~h- the ;: i ·: . I .. . • ·, . . ' I 'for·matioh of grass root b.ranches at Village, .Diwict, Region;al: levels ., . . ·:. . ~;, ' ' - . . ~-- ; .' ! . I i·:~~d at work pla{::es, branding them politically tainte9l · The 1 11 . ,! I dn s.2(2)> but for s'.u~e; the. . . '1¢qrt~spqnd~rn:es did 'hot .explicitly lean, , ·1 iitrsP'd~m~atiom1 l~~~ch~cj 1 • ,. I'. close to that We cannot enyis:ge a it1~1l~1/,~l8w~1de, or9,an1zat1Qrl; iternJ~d au women1 t? I .be 1w1tpout . ~re /or . i. J' )" ·· ·, ; Pra~crhe$. How will it effect;ively· carry out it objetts~. 1/,/e ca~not see • :,1/ ,· ! . , • \ ' • I , 1• . · t~~i.·.n~¢essity of regist~ring a rt~tional society and at the :same: time,:- 1 H ·: " : .. , +,';i\[:ij~J~ik.:I,~ bt9riche~ as ~~i;l~t~$. We l)re sayin~ 1 P:~ft~s~,i~ '•: i '' o~tl~n~wkie o~ganiz_~idn :_ WP,YIO naturel.iy function.: I . :: ; throw,'.gh :its ' fl .I : i . pr~n~h~s, if ~-·:or~a.1j~a.~<ir.~~--to hqv~any.. meani9g at all. ~e hold . . . . ' ~. • • 1•t' ' . ' . : .' i 11 I ,,.:.I.,_,'':' 1 I· .· .: -~... '·. ·.c-,.;•: ·'° , , ,, .•·.1· . . •· ·,".• I • • • , }: ;.!; ', [ I _. '(:i:i!."tb~'.t;.p~th its. 'p•urp6se ;actd ~ffe~,-- ttie pro.vistorrf·o(s-.,i(2) yiola·te the , , ;l ' . . . . : , , . --t· ~- 1 i; . ' : ., I i , : , ·; ·t,, ·.. -~ .. ' . I right pf association arid assemply en·sh.ri);1ep· ·j~ Article 20\'of the • . • . , . ; '• I:;, 1 • .~Qrjstltutiori. .·• ·:~: ,.-:~ · > ··' · ' '1: :I, I. . i.1 • I , ''· ~J ·:. . i .l ';, .: '' I 1 , i. : ·. I . ! . , : .3 ·I · · I •J·.. · · j. 1;' .•· ·•. "# ·' I 11' I .I 1 ' ,• i ' l:li; ;•:i:1\•li1 . ,-1· . ' I"'.', 1-1~• I • I' '1·: . ' ' . ' . . . . . ' •.,. '\. . ~. , . ' .. . II . .. ·1 1. . ! I . I . ::,,: ' l' H ' , ; ·:1"1\H,H!ti:!:·1·:. ,' ;;:1·;1 .::: . • • ,-:-:,... 1 1>'.l-Jfi1;1j,:,;ii.l,1_'i,· . : ·11· :, •· -~ 4 ,· 1• -:; ... , ~:,;· . , . . s1 ,!);:,::. : . ,.,,. :: : '. ·! '!•.;: j _l\· ~ :! ' 1 .• '' ,, 1 J.· _'.' '.: ~• :. . .1 , j ." •.. 1 ''i ;: ... .,\ . ' .. . I·,·' . •· .; . . ,, .• i 11- 1 i 11 ;,,,it,,I' · · ·,·1r,'i. 1:·!1 °'' li,(i:. , , . ; 1t ·1\''f;I, r.' ·. ·, : ,L •"·:, • · :'.]·: 111·:" ·: · il i , ', , ,1 .. ,,.1,,;,.f !:,i,H/1,'I • !, . I:.,,' ·' .· · •!'·· l I•,.;_ ,q ~ J! . , ! :1;. .· . i' . I ·r . ' :.'·H-'· !'.rd. ·, ', ' :1~ '·I , ,(1 ~11 -ll 1 1 !::1, ·: ·· · · i~ ,·:, , I ·Ii . 1·1J .. · ·. ' ' l'i ~ t lrj ~:\~ I! ~ ,;~Ii:: • ' ' . '. ,• 11· i /,,,.';',':· , .. " •·. ·t I , . I ,' I ·, 1 , • , Next is section 8 wt,ich ·reads as follows: ·ii! :_.'(::~liJ::lr.i!,:' : !,i 'Ir r 'tl ·...l,:i~i)·. /l4 It sht!II J,awfil/ for the President, in hiS t t \•··· I ·11' '' ' " . ,, , : JM;!;;!i:: : ;,PsPlitt<i ffl{fi:~tl~/~ w/litf he ',:pnsiders it t~ be 1 : •• ~.;. ' t:~~~hti'f! J? t?e.. _JJµ/J/(c ··(nt~rest by orde(:· to !i In~?·.',:: . lf..declare to . be unlawful ar:w society which in. his 1 •• /~:.:.i,.~.. · · ~pinion__ \.: i' ;··. ' . . I (a) is being ~se~ 1or any, purpose_ prejudicial to, or. i' inc~mpatible With, /he malntenanr:.r;. of peace,,.'orptfr?~:-,-'. ~:,- . and °?qod gdyemment; ·. . . ,. • ~ ... ·• : . ·,. ~ ~·: :•; 't *: ~/ :. ~ •.. or .,·:·, •..- f·:·· .. ·; . , •i . ' , ,. , J I . • ~ . ~:. . • • . •, . ! .:1 : ,!' (b) i$ being used for any purpose at variance with its i . r declat~c/ pbJects. ·(: •: • . . . . ., ,, ' . . ' (2) Any $oc(ety ({(;Cl/iUWd by·prcter of the Pies/dent.Jo j 1 , . ... . ~- I, .i ? . I ' . . ' i I. be a. spciety pqngmvus to the .'good government of ! ..... ; ' . ' Tanzania under subsection_ (2) of sectioq: ql pf /he . ; . . . :,.1.il[I'''.::· 1 . .: • l, . \:,:ti!L·i/·: Penal Code, shaU • . be t•, deemed to have • been declared; ;·'. • ·1 ·; .. I ta. ·bt;, unlawlui unde.r the P(OVlsiqn~ of this section: . ! .. 1 . .• - ,. •• .,· ·• I ' • . : I ! i, , . . , I· and ~very ~µch orct;r shall be deem~.d to have; been · . . ,• . •, l .' I ' . " mad~ und~~ tn{; fJ~vlslons of thi$_ :1-fction an9• shall',., · contlntJ(l, in (pre~ until revokc;d under.;1his Act. : .. . , ,, ·. ··,.~ . _; . .-:.'\:jl... •. • ' 1t , .. • , .· :·i•.. I ' _:•.;\ ! •~ ·'.. ,'.'_:··, ,. '!--.. • :.,r , :_J ! .J :: (3) The f;resi(feh~'('/(~t any time revoke:otvc1ry an:':_i .. , order made or deemed. to be made under t~is section~: ;. .. ' .. I': ; •, . /=' ·.,: ' :; ' (4). Ev~;y soc;1~ty ~9fllnst w~ich an q~der ~nd~r th(5;:: '. sect(Qn Is mJd~ ori/lt.1fN11~d '(o' 6~.~ma~~ :31:Jalf,,~e, .c1i/ _: I • ,. ' · , . I ') •• ' • ' , • . . l J!, I" unJAn:ful socl,~ty. ;) • ./ • :. .· .: , • ••• j. ., '}, • ~,t . . ' t : • ,I , I,, 58 .. I 1I. , t, 1 , t , . , ·': .. . ,, .. ; ~: .' I ,, . "'· . . ;_• , .•..~>.I . ' ; I I. ·. . \ ' .... .... X ·. I . ! . 't . . ·· ... '•• ', . •..\. ~J,'.~-} : . ', .• 1.r •,i1f: '"• . 1 . i\: -~ . : _,,. ,. ,.,·,i,tl~\1!!'.J'lli.:;i.;,1 t · It'j /'l1It"t; 1 ·•, ; ·• • ' . 1t I :. I • I 1 ... ' • (5) Where_ .an ore/er Is mad~ und,er this section . in . • . r resp~ct o_f a r~glsteted society or exempted society, ,·· • f sue~ ore/er shall op~ra,te lmmediptely to cancel such .. "'. registration Jr rescind such. exemption, as the _case . : ~: • 11 . . • • : -~. 'i, • i mav be ·t· - ~- · ~- . ··• ··~· .-! , l•• ' ·I ~ • ·r ;; :·' ·• .. i I··'; -~•• .• • 1 f' .,· .\ ..(6) ;':· No so~iety ag9/n~t Whl~h dn: prder under this, ., " .. ·,, ' I'1'1 !1:: .i :, : ' . . ' I. i ' :'.;_· \<l) :·'., .section is 0.acle ~t qeemed to- b·~ made shall be I' "'I . . ·11 i 1: ','. !:) :·:·: '• • 1 ;'; ·'iegi~tred µn'p~r t-~is_ A~t or be exempted from such . , , 1ill ];:j'I·; )}l! i•. .: regi$(ration or b,~1- entit/eH to mak~ application for,.: ;_ n·-.,- ·-- •.., - ·, .• ---\~ .\::, ·,11'·ll11•~\'\1;1.1,,j p· : , i 1 • 1: 1 •.. •:, • . ·:., . r ~- ,1 , .. :.:i· . . i, ; . . ( , ,,,, I J ,,!rpnistratlon.''[Em·p·ha~is bur.ii·]•.~~ .!t -·,::1i:\;1Jli1~1~lh:i!!i-: 1 ~- ,· . ;:_i'' . '., !j: ,' I • ' ' ,, : I ' • • ,l-"::J· .1 • , • , 1 •' .., ·;" : , • .t<~;. , , .. • • I • ; . ' I I . I ·' . ~ . .. f; • ' I. . . • "I. I }_1_:•:,1i.l:..1 I :: , - • J ' ~• • .:• 0 I . , I, •! ' :. ··/· ·1/. .tt is now a settled law-. that any legislation w~ich· is arbitrary; ', I ' . ·; ~ • ., I Whlcp does not provide fpr ~ffoctlve contrqls· against abu~e of' powe.r, . j ii/W~1Ff;..i9,iVes .. unf~J:ter~d ~ad ync?.~troJled. s,ubi~ctjye discr~fion, •is I I, I: · ·µncdnstitutionat. ,l · ;-·The Co~rt qr.-J~ppear of-:1:ahzania in Kukutia· Ol'e ! ;1 :; ' • • I ; .• ,1 • • ' • ' . , i . •:1,~~~~i\ ~ AnoU1!!~ ,v':'A~Oriiey. Gert~ral &. Anothj!r :(1993) •·.:'' :.tl~i.w,:1.~$9,:-·tRejlOH:i:d ~,~,.ht. [199,ilJ' 2 · LRC. 3~7) . ~ade a : · :.i~~~lnen~ ~t9n~ on the p.rjpclple as follc1ws: . , .· l . . ; ·f ;. -.irit~:111:.:i ; . . •. . . . .I - - .\ I I • ' ·:\Q~l,\~tl_:'· ;jf, 1 ' . ' . • ·1 . ,, .,•.j:, ·l'•.'1l ··(.;~ . Jf-1!1h;·; .. ,.... ::j:·' 1 ''. I'.~: 'a iaw whi~h.:$nI·~~,·I ta'limit or'derogat~ fr~m the:·:' !1Y1'1!: l ··! ..:,::: ! . '1· '·'·· '•, "_(: l.lj 1 1 ,', · !• · - .• "• ' , ' • • . ', .: ' ; • I.' ;.. i' I . 1 '?:: 1•.. :· • · • basic right of th(}: individual on._' grounds of public. ·: : 1 1 . I intJr,~t will be ;~-v~d qy.'arl::.~0(2) _p( the constitution:. 11 ,,,f1: '. . . . . ::., . . only If i( satisfiet f,Wo .essential 1~1f!!rements. :: First: · ·i : ~- . ' . • 1 I . . • . ' ,. . I' . . ;i . I 1 such fl 'Jaw must-:b~, lawful In the ·sense that it' is not ; ; .' . ,, . '. .. .. ·"'', . '. . arbitrflry. It hilaCJ/i:I make f!deqpate safeguards ' I • ' • ; • • • • p • ... ' again,st ,.""~·arbitt}r/ ~ dedsiDns, , .imd :provide 'effective. , ~--· . . ~- . . . . . •· .• . . ; ' con'trolsfa!Jai~st/Jbus~. ·by- c.those· Vd ·authp~ity ·when..~ I 'I ·'' . ,.-··l· , . . ,.. . ·: t• ·, ... • ,, ' • I , • • "I .. , ::(: ): l I !' 59 I I , • I• • 'i ,.· .' I . . _":. ., ·. .·I •I• .•j • • ·1, .' I '. ; j ,\,;lir\.•,,.:fl! , . -. . . . , I .. I ·.,·. ,·.. 1: · l )•''t ;: : 1•i:- ! :t , 1,. :: 11 • I .. ·1 1·r• ..1.. ., ·,· , ., . . . r:\(,)'''••1.:,;,1i'1'•-'".JI, '! . : ' J I.,· fl !1• ,.,,,.. I ' ' • . •.'· . . . · ·. ':..,·.,-: /· . :: • ."' " . ' . 'I ' ' : . i' ' t . ' \. /' ;i,i'.it.' '[f l' !i .!ni' I ·.'.t I, ,"I ',f ' ' !.", i . ~;: :: r' ' I • I : • ' 1 ! •.' .· ·, ·~ ;.;:·.. :i'i(,/.'.i: ' I-• • : ; ' ' '.'' · q·;·il·N,'j\j;'ii.1!.-:!1,;r:!.. f6~; /i .- , l,J.\(:(1.t!'J:l,'jij'. ,:i : ·: :. ~h ~, /q1W,,,·, 1 !e ,'i~:atio~ irnposedbb ~:.-~up(•:•t?rv m~ft.1.·9~111:~e ,,,or~ t,(pn 1s reasona 1y· 1f·~~f~IY, r: • 1 ·•1·111:J 'id 111,,1"1I '•11 '. I -fil ' ~ '1 ' ' ' . :·.1, 11••i,::,.\i!11;1j:\~\(Pi .:1'?! '' ne~es$ary tp ~¢~(V~ the 'jegitlmate object. . ' '': I This .is. ' I , what is ?Jlso known a~ the p1nciple .pf proportionality; • · ;_t ·Jq:ij[:~"]j . ::lt::n::lewTJt% ;;a:f:: :::rr:::n::d;; ·•·. ,-.,. . i'· ·..• ' , even thr; uh(arf{(lttJr/ ~wmbers of society.'· If the law ' ' , . ··:. I ; w11c.h, infring¢s q bqslc rlg~t' does npt meet both ' ' ' • , 1111 • •. ' requirements, such· law is not saved by art 30(2) of . .. • • '• •, •: •-I•,•:·:•."!~•••·•.:~:_; • •; -.!-~;.:Jp: th~ constitution;: }tis nuil and void. And any .Jaw tha,t'; .. , I '1i . • ; ,; , •.. _. :1 ! ! I, : • 1 • ·!} ·; h> i ·. ··seeks to limit fuhd{}mental righ.ts ··o( the individual: : ,, I., I ,. . I '' ' 1 : ·:I,' l"•,-( 1 ,; i_ ',: i i I . :, •• : ·: 1 (; · \, 1'. ': :; · : : must_ .be constru~(} . strictly to 0ake sure that Jt · 1:>\::i ·.: :, . cohfor0s wa-~ . t~,s~ rpqulr~ments, otherwise. the , 1 1 • •• • : . . ,\ i· :;,'f.i 1 1 \ii:\!ij':i: •' Y«;/'/\1te~d'11i(!ij.:\\fl, ¥~rl.<tr tl:1~ ·cor;st/tµ(ion tn?lY easify· . , ·.·. '·H ~;,i,1• ;oi ' 1. ~:I.Hft\l!i~J:.·: _:~;:;, bti rcnct~lJ~·~JJ.~!/rifJ~.·:. $ by the u;e of ;h~ de;oga,tive ·:! 'H!~fr{i ' ,/ .-. ,., . 1 ·: ·: '.: \ : "I';,/ I ' 1 ' ' ' I I · ' '· ·· · or(lawback c/auses of thatyery sa~ to~titu_tion" •1 . ' . • ! ."' .. ; .. ~· ·.~· ~- ' . \ : ' I iJ,::_;:j*iH;{~:-i~+his ··::;'.;'?~':;?_l:;: _'!~' stand was foll~wecf''.with?appretlation by our' neighbo~rs '' !I . ·.• ,· ; . ·. !:'· ·!-:,~•'. . . ' • ~ ! i . !· I ,; . :Z~mb.la, in Muh.1n~ika .,-~· o~~ers \ts Peopie'. (·1996) ·1BHRC 199 : ,· t.ZAM ~t(' SC)~ · . _.\ . . ·~ • . \ : :'ii\::, i .I_}! i :< :'! ' ' : . •·.• ' ' · · · · .In India, as rightly i;ointed out by ProL Shivji, a \per,suasi~e: .. ;,: I : . ·; : . : '. . .. ' ', . ',: ' ' ' 'ij • , ;i t~7~.1?~ion••~; Jain, M.P, ~ lea~ned q~~o:r 6~ a treatise entitle;d, ;'\. ,:,.. •,f, .I' ' : ' ' I;, 'i· ,I ' II. '·,. : . ' ' (::• .\ •. r . .,: i ! .: . . . . ' ,r : ', ·., 1' . ri ! ·...,,•'·' ~'i.~. . t ~.~ .and M~terj"l$.l9.ii. ~odi~·n· A~mini~trative ·:~a-~ 1~~6 I 1 1f1\'.ij! i,h)~ Vol.°2f'' fUri:h~r ~h~g{·iljgh~ 1 1 en a. generally acceptep pursuaye I . . .. ..~ ·:. -:.:·; :;.. ·1I: •· ), ,;. , I i . '. I i.v\·r~qt ri~rn,1 :11r~'-,t :h! '. i "l ·. -il: i:"1,it,1(.: c-.,~~ . t,,:;·. i.. . 1 · ,. ·1. . .; ........ -:• · I .\~r1 '1 ·· 1: '•il1!~i··11~ t'.1 1 1 11 ·,, ~· . ·•, .· ,:1 '·1 I. '• '' :·· l:< :' ':' ' • ... • I' . • ' . . ,. ' :: : " !i ' •. ' I' ' _, '!1. 1/a.w can~·~- c~allengec/ on the ground 'that it-' · . r -';: I' !' 1' .![.; ;:li-i,y I • ' ••• : ' • • • • ' • ; ' J : :o,i/~rs_lo6 ~rda~ iJ discretion ~ ~fublic auf!Jority, • ,• 1 i; L· I ' t' I. ' ~- ,. . .. . I, · 60 1••·· 1 , \ I., •• j • ' ' . ~ :1\~l:11ii1..\:1~_·l_j;,i;:)· · _1f jU1t/',_l: . : i._(\·,:, •..• : ~r. j:J,_jH1,\ :. · ' \ ·•::,11:J:'.:fl: 1:~ . t11i;it.· 1;!:>i':• . ' !1- ~. : I 1: •t· ,,::1 ' II 1 ,! . • ,: • ,{ ' ' 1 • • : : ,' /'j.'i :Ii\' ;I : .. ·.\. . . I . • : ·, \.. . : 11\'11!;. '. . . . • ; . 1 : . .. : 1 ·:~,--~_\•i fr•!·.1¥1; ili_i~;f1iil .:_d-:. <:.: . .Jt i$ h_ow 4we,li-1-i'sta.bllfhed princi~~e in Ad[flinistra~e; l~:\;,~: 1:l'litjf.~~~1, • • • 1 , •• ,!,., .... - ti ,jl I{ , - I ;,,-tt ,. ., I ' 1_ , : I, . ·,I . : .. "\':!'. :~?,lf\:!,!1t': . . I ·+ Law ~ht}t t'ob dl~fq, uncontrolled, ~iscretion~ry powrr 1 . I . ought not t~ . be conferred, .on admiristrati~e authorities, for unco4trolled oruf!euided po,wer may ' . . '·I •I.. · ·. · ·• · · ·1I • .iI. lead to discri~i$Jroty or arbitrary action by tqe_. 1 . . : , • ·1 . . f · : · ·' . • - ' '. ·. aµt/Jprifr ~(Jd :f~/:J falls foul of .;.~rti . 14. ; As the ' . , Sµpreme coµ(t; /~as .o~s~ryed.~- · "The_ ·iibfence ~fj · ·. arbitrary power' I~ {he first postulqte of ru{e of !al'. upon which our whole ·con$titutional edifk;e \is bas,e'd. ·: . ·I ' ,j : ~ . . . i; I.: l _'.f .t·; ;_~i1~-=:7--.. In c1 1}'ste0 '¢,pvfrnea by ~ule of Law, ~(scretibp.[ ·.· ' ~hen ~cmfe(re(/ »eon {!ti 8:f!!utf~iJ !iut/7or.i~ ~usi iH ,··/ CQ(l(in_eq :V(.(tf{ln_ rl~~rly defined __limits\ ·. ,T1¢;> cou1s1 ;t~flt _dispr~tionaty~fw_er .()Uf~t fO qe I ,t~ere{Ore fn,si~( • ' 17~(/ged /Jy Po/1~ ,standP,rds, gµ'tifiR~.~ 1oco:duir1' 1 ; .. I safe guards, ot~erWl~e, t1e. co~l:!.:may qerare t1~ ·. statµt9ry Prov/s~o( conferrin~ swe~!~g d1:qretionafl. power on c/n ~ut!7orlty void. This/!.rincipl?,:ras be~n, reit~rat~d by the j'tJpreme· Court and the High. Courts; I •. · • . : I . I j 11 1 ·!'' in many ~as.~s.· (at p.45p9) ': ''i. :' '·,. ,:liJ t'i ' ' •1; . ''>11 f, ;;,I I ! I•,·. ·11 .. ' : 1 ... '1' . ,:,,' •·.1-f- l·1Jll:,1,f'( I,.,. . ·1: ' .' ' ',. i:~ ~ _, : ~ . i' I .. I ' ••• ,I · ' ,, I 1 ~ 1 : 11 . ; . :J{r:\'. : · .Now, lookjpg lt1H'~A:•l' ' at ~<1i0n 6, cle;rly the "l'~sol~~~i ;I, discretion" ,. : I IL , 1 :':t\\11mQif~rr~o 09 ~~~e .P.res\de~~ t~ .d~cl~re "unlawful tny sil~-~etx" is too I, I ' 1 I 1 1:· ,\ ! : •. · • , %;io/!:de. a~d swl!~ping. !~e~,:1irno g~ld~nne but ~i~f.\hisl'.ftnio~ if he '. ;: .': i:l~V,~iffllr]!~j? th~t the ~r~~~ifr~~~ulo. ·1-7su.e ~f=;~!us~ ,.t :1s: ~-~;~_i_s_ se-:~1a1. for 1 1 j ! : ;, . i. ' ! :!:h/~•~11 i •. :,.-·' ..: . l>li~ lntere~t' '.. 1• WhAt lih : I Uld. have b$n a QUideI is:·a1s9 lcouched i . .in: ! : . . 1 i \ ;-!. "wld~ ter.ms pre,gnant- wtth!ai pos·sibility ;f~ab~s·e L • I ; . I ,' .•. i(~e thinks the . •• I I · • ii' •• ' : I •. • • f ... 1 i ·, .. Pi . ' . ' :t:/)lll~:9:S,i~t;y _i~ being used for ~PY p~rp~sa "pr~~judidal ~9 or/j,nco~patible . 11 · · ~l~h/ "the rri~inten;:1rice pt_ ~e~~~> order and ;good· ·~-~vernment"• • , • ,... ,, • , '. I . . /I. 61 ... I. ,I' I: i '! , ..• I ': ' .1 ':}?tr t .; ,),J'.":, , ., ,.:_: . ' .. •·;'f ·;·,.. '::'ll1~l~!j\~W,Hl1n lllf;lj,\· '. : i, :' \:; , .. ' 'I ,'!il~~\k ~ .:' ~ !'f .. , • .., . '. ; ' . . l, r \\ .· t· ' : _;pf;";. :.--;·' . , I \'I" f•. ,,.,1,, . . . 1! . I , . ,;,· i ::!','.::!fl!\~~,Eic~)). His mind is th~ ~o.le ptOS~C!,JtOr and jlld e.\ The words . . ·. , lw~~~-~objte disj;;r'lit!qn'; ir1i;:l1J~ea sltuatlcins where for p lrsOnal interests 1 .' ::: of.·•·a. p·art:iolJlbir· ' I~~: those 9r·ou·· p·. anr1y not 1 - .'.,:,:,i .· :;:;'-;\:,·1·,t~'.'!i ~~,•1; _necessJrily of .the gene~al ' ' ' · ·:I . -Ii. ·1;\+'-.: '' I' I' . -Ill 'I ' · . ·, I · . . ; ' ' . r-:1_. ' I I ' ' ' 1 • • ::'-ii :;~:f ·:Pybli~,-'the Presloent ~ec19e$ to exer~ise the p9wer '!. : That aside,·. 1 1 1 · I· . ·Jr·,; 1 ' ; • ' 1 ' •' · ' ~ j ' ' I• • ' i_1:/.wt,ile not required to giv~'.reasons tor ttie action ~ake ., ithe provision I. : •';'i ':f:. r . . I 1 •. ~-- 1j '. • : •.. , \ .. :,J.l):~~o~l~~~ _no ~venue for ·q~estiohln~ the .Presiden~s' a· ts; wha~soever .. .. I . ' ·, ··i,r;i,;i;~~l·prov_ides '1°dt eve11 t~fl1alntest cil~ncf! to be h~ard. This does not ' I "'II )'1.IHH' I ,, I .. •i ': ,.Jl)il~li~f~1~~ any f~i-ther ,i;:xR9¥ltlqn sQ~"."'illg h,ow. the pr iM/tn , may .b,e ,, 1 • · ;, , 'subject to abuse anq clear,ly unco11stitutional. I '} l .:w,,: . We turn to s.14. T~r sai~.;cti~n provides: I ;: . : :.. · ,:fJ-:t· i :- •"i , , • ·;·,: . ~ • '•. 1· _:;_·,· . I. ·, ·, ', , 1 II~ 4. Th,e Reglst(flr may reiuse to· register !and shall .; l , ',. • . !' 1·· - , n9t exerr;pt q /ocq/ sodety, where_ · •,.- , : : , ~,?; , I -~•~;', • , • • '· • ' ' ., , •' • ' • (ii) ;f apfJ<l~ts, him t?, thilf s~d,' !~Cai socief /l, I 1: . ,f ; or i~ likely to be used for any purpose prejµdici ( ~9,· or incomp~tible rtth the rn,ainten~J ;,ce of peace,' tde~ : 'i : I , '° . 1. I .., apq good government,· or . . !i: J:, · •- . . ·I ' ' ;:. ;. ;'', ·' • , . i ' . ·, ' ' ' . I •I I ,' • I I . . .. I ((?J h~ is 5rptfsfled. th{l(-· the •application ;doe ; npt ·: _ -~b_!flply v:f[!i t1,~rovis.k1f~:/~'.~ A,t of.pt!an)I /ii~} ! 1 ' 1 · i> made threunder:- or ·". ·· .. ·. ,; ! : ·: ·• ·: ~ ' . ·• I . • : ~. ~-~. , . '· '' : ' j :·,.- '. 'i : . , . : _,, I '01! 4, ....... {c) he 1$ sati~f~'!/hat _the iocal s~clety ;doe· exist· 'I or ., ·, · ·-~• I 'it..•,~ I : 4 • • :· i• I• I' [,' ., 62 ... I .. .. . . ;,:.; ·'' ·1·!1. ,,·· .. ' 1: ' ,. ! i ': (i) is ldehtlc~/ .to that of any oth~r · 1 ', . . I · existing lqcal;fOCiety; or. I :,. . (ii)so n~arly resembles the name .pf· ' : I I ' I '.:::.:I,:.": / . ~f . j ! . · i"':-il , i , , such othe( local society as, in tf;e I. , !"j,: 1,,'IW .__ _'. -lfl\fl:'/.:!/: ! ~ .- . opiriipn, pf jlno '. Reg/$trar, .to be likely to _ ,,, i ',·, 1I• l•:i ;: .. i; deceive the pub/le .a,~the members .of ': :j · 1 " '• l1l 1 fi. :.I'• !•, :·.. 1J 1 ' ~II · or , : . .· , : :. . 1 I • ( • • • ' \f C)i' \i :i ; . 'l~ 4 ' _: :1 ._., :' '.i:~:rn{ 1. ei{J;~r ~~~~lYl •, ' !/• ,·'. 1· \ · ._:· , ',Iii I ·,::1[·11· I hl 1 I .. ! : : •• • ,-'' : i' . 1 . ': ::,:•J'.:,\ :' :I (iii) is( lnJh<l oplnia,n_~r;f th_e R~gistr~':, '·, ·... ,..:~-- .; .: \(;;:_. .; undersirab~'~" ·• ·· .: · : · · : 1·( '. .• . · •· .· . I ~ ! . ,!· . ! : • . I , ~:• "II .• ' i_:l·,. . . . 1111 ' . • ~ ' I,. t 1··' ;:\;}> _. For the s~m~ reaoo.os. dlscu~sed f;!bbve regardi 9;:j~-8, we find, , . ; . i'-·. t~IS sectio.h ~~ve for iµb~paragraph {c!)(i). qnd (ii) nccinstitutional.; 1 ... 1 I : . .I iI .! t 1~ · .'· . I 't 'I' I I • . I I • • • • • : • l : 1 ; :; I ~ . • .I There is yet another reason.' Sub~paragraph (a) icon ains a ·general i . . • • ' .1 ' . I !: : t',:;:negative •1 ' ! presumptive. ~lause: .. • · where••, in. • his absa'lu'. • ~: e. :discretion. itl t I I · i • '.;i:JMRears. to him that it :,_T Is lik/3/y to be us~d ..J. ;'. i NCJ formula orJ ' · • · '. {flj~M~r~~tlC!< is ,given by the 1{l.egis~~~r W?Ult ~e c.~ a decisio~-! . w~!f~ : ,,·i,·:··i'.'.f:1,'~ ! !;~~$~,I to register p~ .~fer:npt a;_ l?~~l.~so~i~ty iCOU d -simply be a! i ji i~ I ,::1hcfu¢t ': .· i:;,': 1·:'.i)'ii 1 11ifi of vJhirns, p~(3iµ f lf·e,. bias ··or ev~n politic~!; consid.erations, all fI r1 ~ 1 j' r 1 I,~ 1 I I I I , •, · j , , ·. ' ;,i_;'(i::ici~:~hi~h a're lr!hjustif\~d ~~det the co~stitutioh. . ,· ;,.: . : ' ' ': : ·1 · ' • . ' ' :· ' ::t-i" ,: : i:-_;)(:;.... '' ( :. · :iFor same reasons. ' ' the s~me.. fa~e befalrs•~;::t7 / :I' ' •. . hit_h.we quot~d ' 1,,., . . :: I ·. 11'.; ' ' . 11 1 • ·• '-11 ;. . .:.! i:!(t~'.'.:~arller on when d~a1.~rQ. with Issue one. Tr~·i :iWt/, unguideq ' .. 1 '' ,J' cilscretion n¢eo,s ..np tell hg~ ? .' }' t. • •. l" ,i : (::: i. ·. .r:~t ( ·. · 1 1 ': We should p::e I~. obS~~e: ~11rther that t, ; .•. ,.:,. . . :, . . l 'I '1·; , e itJ,~tionirem~igsI 1,1 ! ! ;I• i j1l ', l ., . , , , 111 1 , iJ:: . :~pe same notwiths~a.0dm~/the· provisi9r')s of s.1~, .hi~h provides ·9 . ,·. ·. .. , . ·. '.i!J{if):\lht !lf app~ql agai~~t th~it~~~tra r'S or~~r or refu~a ti! the :Mirisf; i. ,·· : ·: ·'··,:11;r;~_!it/:-' : ,· · . · :· . · - . ·:· :\,i ,,, •,· : . :: ; · ! .· , : , 1•.-1 Lir•-,,11 · ,. ,· - , j ' , ~i'• 1. , ,r•·· l -~ :I : :(: 1; .::)j;; :;i i 1\it r,•, i1ji.:,_,:.j,:. I :i,!. , I , I 1 I 1 1 1 :J . \ :" • · ' > ! •·,. ·, . 'I -'. 63 , . ' .. . 'I '• ' .' I,'. i.l ' :t~ '' ' I •. "•"t, ~ I ~ • , ', ! il1ii'/1!1 :•/! 11 : ' >1 : !. 1• ·-!': i.' ~ :. · -~ • ·1, : ' /.rt ·..' • · . 1• , ·: . ·• ( . . .'. ♦ • 1 ·, I :. ... • .~ .... '1· .. • 1:-:~. _I '' . ,, ' ,. ; ! /._ . . + . I Thi~ brin~s us; to the triree remaining impugned sections \s;18, 19 and 30). We shalitackl~ s:ctions 18 :a,togeth~r. These read as follows: ·,. , r :; 1 I _:I •· • . •. - ,i . . ! • ! ,. I. ' ; ;, i::,; I 11 Ii I .... . ' 1 l · , ; : ,;! 11:C .'.q !. 181 (1) Wh6'.re, Qny kJcp/ society has becpme: 1 : . }r()\i:,;; ! · un/iiwfu/ /ind/"r:1 'ser:tton 8 or as been refi sed :b i·\. ;;: :.·. . i~g~sfrf.tion. µ11(/~~§~ction 13 P[ section 14 or.has had· 1 : I · ·. ,,':; •. ::' 1: ;:,1··J/ .i , i ~ r:· ' .its r'e'gistrafloh ',': a~'l hce/lec/ uiiner. .fo/',, ' section . 17✓ the· , 1 ' : . ·,,,!\!ii. ,!)if~ t',;l,!: \ 1· t~e~ I. I Ill~ ii I' .1• ,, I • I j ., ! •.1~,1 l,' ' ' . r ;• ·: I It.. ~f5pears>to hi(n. to ~~ i t~'.'e_:, ,.- r ,' 11 I ! : • • I ' ·!i · ·k._'::; if:·;i,.r.,:l!L: :'· ··., Pres,l(Jeht mar, 1 • '. I ., · .. public interest to do .so, by orde.r prohibit an act !1~: ,~ , . : · {' . • • 1 Ui:rlt1:::. '. sPe~lfied there'.n .i .. I · · (a) by rmy person · .,I · on · behalf of or in relating , to .any:·; sqci~ty {l~soc~ate~ With ~uch locf society; or . : .. . . . I ·•.•,. ; .~ ! ::. ··(b) by any person1on_ behalf ·:of. Jr. in relation to anY,t .. - . . -:· ~ ; i , I ! I' society which, in the. opinlon of the P,esident, has\ • - • • ••• • •. ~ ;, • • • ~·i~ l . . ..l objects •Simi/~( to(t~e qbJ..ects dtfs~chl lo~al socie I, 1r1:I : i . : • i' . . c:,. ·• r ' .. . . :,I . the {Jrea pf f?i,~~n.{t$pecified {hlr~r, being· the, · f~ai . ' '. • • .. ,, .... ~ ' ' ii ,in Whi~h it fJ(?f~i!{S to t,im that such /ocal S(? ,ietyi I : 'ai/((~d Pn oi:• ~~ :ill'~hi ' ~a$~ m{JY be, proposed·'to arfY,' I ' • I q•,· ' • ' .I . ·on Its activiti,e5✓ ai:'(n phy ~a-~ of~u,ch area. ,.1 I · ;'. :,::. . I .. ' I '. ! • .;' •;-" • ,!. • ' , , . , I : \. (2) Any perso/] {~-0 contr~venes·the provisions o :"~;; . · 11 '. . . . . ' ... order ma&e un'ti~r;fubsf)c(ion O!-,p( this section haJJ:1· • ,~l, . ~ • •• •• . . ·• ., : ;. ... 1 . •. 64 • ji,,: . ·•· 1 i '. , , ' -::·Jf;t •• •I.• •· • • be guilty ofan offence.and liable, or conviction, to a: fin~ not f:)(Ceetng·_ c't:ir.o taousand shillings of to I: imprisonment for a t~rm,:,1ot -.exce~ding one year or to f I 1 :I . bqth sur:h fine pf•-'·' lf1Jprisr;nmer/t • . ··~ ·• _· _ I . i . f 3/ A poIi~¢ q~ fr of 1 or abo~e the rank of Inspertor; · m~y arr?$( _W(.~1/r~t ·w/irrart a.~i person who, -he. . s1/SP~r;:s , ~ppn_'\l':I ~~sq~a~I~ ~rp~nds of having comfn(ttec/ an q(lert;e a;alnst tt,is.sectlon. · · · . ~ . _,,tr. ;.·~ l ..·• . .o.·•... ·· · . . ... , ..:. .-i-,,_,, rt :. ~vr1~se of this_:f~di~'!--a society s~a(be\: i ,·i· ;•...• (4) For tbe . d~emed to P4 fn,·rs~pc/iJtlqn with a·tx?JI society ~rich: has bec9m~ Uhl~ffl.JI or has.been fefused registr tion ·. ... I or has had its _reqlstr~tion can~e~e~. if:LfCh societ i~, 1 . :<:\':; <; the parent sorer of w~ic~: such /oc~l society rs _a' I' · '\ . 'i_, \',;i\ ., :i·. ; branch or is der(rier/ ~O'n1_ the san:7e pare~ fOCier, 0( I •, , ; • • , • ! • ~ ~ • , • ., is the successor.,~ sµch laca/:5op~ty.- ; • ''' '' i . , ~- '. . , ,. . .:1: ·... 'u{~;t; !t\1.1'.J, ,, ···• ,_ • (5( ll'l ori:J.w ~~~: · vnd~r this ~~i;on shall cont¥we ' ':· ;, :.iti:,,!:~1 ;·11,q "!'-'l;.;_L:, ., I,:ii:'·I.I , ' -in force for.stih:Eer/00 ' ' ' I. i '. Jli 1 I' ' '' ~ ✓not:exceedinn ,, I' ' six month I. as ~ ' " I •: .: . . ,:l :1;!i •1 t1". · Ii·, it/; ··,: ··. ! · may be sp'f3t/filect therein: ' ·' · ,-,, ··r , , · . r . ..,., •· , · ·: .. I, ,' 11!1 i,11••1i:r'1• ''. ', ~\·; I • , , :. , : • ', I I 'i t•, ' .~'!I' ; I I . " ,.,,,, . • . ' ,: ' I. . . : :!f:):-i!l(i!::t:!: .: .:.! . . •Pre~ld::::1:;::::t:1:::;:·:::::: i1j·••· • . ;.',·•',;,I , .•; • . , ·4!1 ' I ··; him; to b.e l((:t!J~_:f(µf;llc /~ter¢?5.~ to do, so. ,\, · •. i ·1 • , • I ... I · 1= JO. (1) The Presid~.p~ may order that the property, 11 •.t ;: ~:=:·:.... :; . .. ' : mpViible ancf irnn10vable,·pf an unlawful society hall\ vest in ail officer .•spe~ifi~d · ir( such officer $hall 1 I ' ' ' -:·'. . ·_ .•_:·. : .,,. . I . proceed tq W,i{Jd/U/:#gh'f: af(airs :of th,e society qnd, · I ,. · . ,. ·.·,.. ,r.. -'• ·, . I ' aft,~t sat{s(y(n,g Ynd':/Jrq.viding· for all ~debts ~nd I '. I I ' ' . : ;;i· : •• t. '•. '. ' ' ,jt; . t ' .,·i·i . 1 . . :-/l . '• ' ... '\J .... 65 I . : . ,,'•. •, . • : . ,:1 ·. .. ' ' f r I < 1.,, • • • jia.fil/tfcts of th~: ttl~~ ~nd t~~ ~o~t of winding up, if. · ·)' . thf!rf! shall t(11:t/ 11ny s1.1rpl1.1S. ass1:ts, shall pr1:par1: . : '; '; and ~ubmi+ to ;the .fres/dent a scheme for the appll~atidn a( . , I I ~vJk•i•\J su;)ius _i, ' .' ,. assetsi• (2). . An otctet '«lid~ 1.1nder sµbsection {1) of this section sha,IJ be riieglstered. by the officer concerned ' . i_;,·,, ·:.:_\,.i_i,. i.:. ·;·1:,··•.·.·.:. i: ;. :, , . with the re9ist~afon of?he title_.ilo any immovable . property affecteql ~\t{e.orde:, wi(hout payment of I. any registt9ti9r,1 hie,· a{Jd (10 st.af/?P duty ·shalP,;be = ; k ::.1 I ·r :: : ·. . ii pay~ble oh ~ny $U~~~()r(Jer: '. i • • · ,\,',·1··, 1 I • I I • 'j!: ! • · 1 1 11 ... • , .,. ' //' '1.i I!! I l t J.1 ' • I " II, I .Iii'< I ' . : : ' I' ' , • 1 : ::. :· ' 1 \1/,:/\' i'jL:'I, ·\ ·.. It• •t l , · (3) A sch~me fUbmitted to the President under '.\; ~ I 1 ·, ,::;r:\ \· :1 • . su~sel.~tion m,·,,ay ¢(i atnJJ(}cif:f/ by the, Pt:i,esicf,ent,, in : . ;-. ·... •:,,!;,F::\i\•\ · • • • ' • I~ •rl~ ) r·~ . I I. I ... '.' I :'! ,.:1,.'·,•.!itbL:\). :,i:1 '·.1. ,l' ..·•.\d\-"ilf[i!:i:';1,• i , : 1 1 1 ·.~£!ti?' WqY q$,.!I :,I/JI·.:,. $/Jpll_ thl,n,,,k .iJropi,r ,in. :;~.fl~ r • · , '\_y':,_ ..''i· . . cit,cl!mstanc~s 0! fh.e qase 'ancl.',the approval pf'the 1 • I : • · : :\f:; i:, :1·. Ptr,~dfmt trJ ~({C1 sche~'"~half~e dt:npted by tht: 1 I' ,. ! ' : ,{ iJ~\ '• ~l\::~J,; .. t:lip'Qr.,¢m1:1t t(1t9'n ~f .a fT/1:'!1orandum of sll~h ,, ' I ' :. ! ·.f(·· . Jl j 11 ; :·: 1 \ apprpv~I ah0 ·uqon tf!~~.;,being ?one;· the .surplus ... I ; ! . I, ' ' ' . '' I ,, aSS?ts, the Sl!,bJe,ct Of(the scheme, .•shall be; held 'by I !>:.,. . . . , . :· such officer upo~ tiirf terms c!nd -~ the -realization . • ·•• •,,,- • ~ • I thereof. . '·, I . . .. ·' .. , . . : ;•·· .. •.;,,. ,. ~ -~t ,, 4i.ltft~ . ' I ._ .' •. ' ., • • r/ . (4~ For th~ o~.fhe·.wln~{ng up.of th~ affairs of a society U(Jder this s~ctfon ,the. offic¢r specified in' . . . "~. ",~ . t • ··: . ._, : _. ., .. •'; . . ... the order s(Jall ·lt~VfJ · ·a/f. the .powert, vested in the Offifal k~c?fYiif.~ t~~ p~rpfe :dfs~Ov1:~(ng th1: property off] debfiq~ th~-rea/Jibti;n thereqf. ; · ·.r"·; ;,n~ !' i1 't l • . .I .. . ! (5) l'{onyif~sf~/11:~g t/7e provisiQ'}S-Of th~ foregoing·:. suP5iectionS; tlje Presicfqnt may_ ··.. · · , ., 'i • ·. '.···. · ...";~:11:~- ./'..~.~·,._ II ... I . .. :·' .;•' 66 ·: ; . . ·. . I Io . ·•.· .. ' .' , , 1, I ! \.'.1,! I ·:•..•:;:l!'rl'IP · ":_ . I • .. :r -;. . I ), . . . . . I : . " .· ,, l . (a) prior to the ~dinpletloil of th~ winding-up of an· . . :I U(J(q'(iful sayi~{y ·pr the' ~~cer In .whom ·. the property ·' of kuch society Is· ~ested by an ~rder under subsection ,1 . ••• l , ~ .• . ; (1}; ()( i • /:l: :~. . (b) aft~r t/i~ coJpletfoii of such ;inding-up ~Y sµch . I l:. 1 office/· by 9rder, 1've.stt any asset or l(abiliij!, of the ! ' .""•. . un(a~(ul S(Xi~Wr ji ,, ,. ~ '· , . -· ot \:1~y .of th.'t surplus assests th~r?o~ · in R~( :~ther .siiclety or. body of persof's✓ 1' ·whether C('.li-p~Jfie Pr' ~a(;lorp&rated, it; 'in i(h1:; · . opinion dlthf) Prc'.~ldent /t (s desirable to do sq. ! · · ; : :i ;, -~··: \ (6) Where an orct~r' is.-made under subsection (5) ,, •,' • ! vest{ng any ass~c· //abi(ity or surplus asset in any ·. : ·.· .... :,. . . so~{ety or l;)qc/y pf per.son~/ ,the ~sset; liabilit'fi or ' I ·_' ~ 1 -,•_ • •,'~ ' , surplus assf3t sha//,. vest~ (n 'si.Jch · saciety or bodx. of • " • I ' • • • • per}pns/ as th./~~f l , 'I , . '1 et:/far be by •virtu~: ofi..such order , ,,· i.· 1 • , •.:.·. • • and Without (4tf(1e(, dSSIJtlJfl(:e 'ki(I? ~ffect from such I ;, ';ji• •.. • • • '. date cmd subjed1tq sucfr tdl:'rns and cpm;litions ~s lnay ,1 · , !·i ;, • , •· . · r ' . •. . r: .. ;.. be specified in the or(ier. .- -~- ' . ~ .• · ,.·, '; ' . . ;i_ . t . Whe~e✓ ~~: ~~~er (71. '·Pr/0( tp 1 •• COf?1Pl~tJq~·~r th<J. ~ der su~¥d~on (5) _is _.m cte ~lnd((1f-l,1~,o(the ~r!ar/ul••, 1 •1. · soci~ty th~ ~$sep o( Jiebility_ In t;e~pect ·or which '..the order is ma(ie sh~// not, be '/aken. :1ni:9. account o/ the: . ,. l . . • . .. ~ f .. purposes of the w(n.(ilnsj-.µp (){ the unlawful society.•.· I •••• • f • : :• , t I;. : · (8) · f'Vhere 1 o; ll~,1drctf'r ina(le dr,(11:r subsection (SJ any asset bf ' un 'tmlawful .soclety· ✓.s vested in any ' . ' I .l • • , ' ~ . ~.. • • ' soci~ty or bff11;(:Q1 pefs~ns, t?e:fresident mar✓ qy. ordJr, tr~nSI~\ ~f1ii~11riQJ W~/J l(1lfriediaiety prior tp , ... 1 ,, • I: • '\ .I ... I ·t. i1 · ·,,: . -~ . 1·, 'i ', Ii \ . ! ., .• ·.~. , : , , . ., ))h < ,.• .' . .~·: : _:. i · · \ !)I ., : . ! ·,. '! ,,: . . . :j . ~I. ., ffifJ CQ[f},m~r,c¢mt1nt · of the order ma(fe 1under ~Ub,ed'id(7 r:{~tr~-~'y employee or the unlawtUI society and·~ whose. .•· employiflent has not been terminated bythe officer In whom the property of the I I ,i ! I', '. unlawful s9r;.je?(, has. .been ves~ed, to the se~ice of • ! (h~ society or bpdy otpersons Jr: whom the assest is I, I . -~ ; . •t'••, . • 1 v~stec/ by orqer n1ijfl.e µnder subsection (SJ~ . :1 W~~r~\ '.~j/y .elt,ployee . transferred under :I 1 •(!1J 7~ · s4bsection (8}_~·: .., · ,:· · •_rl, · - •I ·;1/: . : · • / ·.· \· ·;1e:; ;::,it to::;;:so:::~;s;:Y~ . ' ' II'/·' '.. - .,- - - . . \ persons tq ,,Yhlch Pe '1sJrari/{erted; '; , , ; .. . (b) tht; terms_ ·a_qc1 /onditions ·of sevi~e applicaf?le to .. ·. I . him after such' {ra,1fsfer shal~ not be le'!s favourable . ' thar; thpse Which were· appljcable to him immediately· ! ' I'' ·•· ,' ' ' !. qefore the transfer, and, for the • /?u,;poses of determin(ng any .rlRht ta .• ,_gratuit}I or ·other . .$u.(Je~ann1iit{q~l!Fenet/~ his serv,ice with the society or · b9py of p~rs,o(}~ '· t,o wt,fch he. ~s transferred shall be .. 01 1 I ' <1 rega.((fed Js ·co,iJtinuous\llith his seNice immediately pr~~~dih!J sv¢/t,J~ifl~•.; '. · ·: '. ··. . . . .. I: . ·,; 'l \II '. : I 'i ; 1 . ' .i; . ; ~·; ·Ii. ~ 1 ,l. ·' : • '(c) his ~'rhplpr,~~if tm.medlatelP,° prior to his\ra,nsfer: a,nd his eqlf(PYRJ~~,~t.~r, the soc~e~o'. /Jody ofperson1:· ~o Which t(e _-fs. {r~11sfetre~ shi1~ be· .µt;emed to be I. ., ... ··L . . . . .. : continuous employment by one .employer within the : ... I .. meanin!! of s,ecti~~ .p of :th~ Sffverance Allowance Aci ,,. I , . jl;l and tb?Jt_ Jfc~Jh~l{:iP,ply 'to~_.th~;parties Jn_ the sam; · ·1: . . . • ~-"' ··"• '• . .. ; !· .• t. ~ . ·-·~ . .t ~!I' ,· . "!.I ' , .. . . ; ': . • . , . •- . ..··... :· ' . I : 68 • .. ,.'-;{_.--··?'}·:· <· .. .. I. •. . • • . ,, - 'I'! - - ,.. :,1; • . . • -. . . ' - . ' ,: ! . I, 1• 1.· •. '' ma:n~r a~-· it,app/iif! to ~a5,es~e: out k' subsectior (1) . _9f thflt sfJ~tron. _ _ _ .- I . . , . '. r1 :' · (10) ,i=dr t~~ ~1,qftli:'~ q~do4bt '.fl• ~ert;by defared · .. ,·. thqt nothmg tq,;;: t(jj$ s~¢.tton or j- this Act shqll be construed ' . ·/onfett-/~n is I.I : _ ;:, .upon iny . member o;! past m¢rnber r1ny ff.91f' ~~- } (ef1,md of any fee, ·dues, supsc(iption I or CJth()f';~COnfribut/pn paid or made by , . .. ; , ---1 ~trk/1 f!]~!~b~tt()f P/l~t member to the µnlawful s9ciety ' ' : :' ' :,. .. ·. ' i or as conf~rring ·upon any "person any right ;-:to, a i· 1 refund ~r .return ;of any gift. made by him )o the • • :1i:-. :. ..- ; ... :~ • I unlawful $OCJety.- ·.-·_~-:.-. .:.. ~~---·· • _ . · . . ~ ~ : • .: .:••. ~ • -:·:.· • ·.=•:.,:- ~:·.-·_..~: .....:~~; -:·' I I _,_·!. I .- . .1-•.~~-- ~ ~~ .i t;·. ·t·. . -~. ... I . ~·· I; I ,I It (11) The Pr~iif~qtp1bt: /or , I ,, ·. purp~~(; ot'en,~bling, . toe . •.• ·- / I ~ ~p~i~ty tq f[n1 ~:up ,7ts o~n _affairs, :uspe~d the. PPf:PtiPli <Jf r~r. <#er ff!F"~ unaer subsection (1) for ·such p~rlod ~sl,t.q'~/tt1'1ha(/ I "I :. fl . •• • ' se~m expend/ent:. .. · • I • ' '. -,J I . . I :.l, -·.: • Providel'f: that where the operation -of any, order ... ":I·: . . . . - .,. .• ; - ff/Pde undfl_ ~,.~~f~ectlo'! OJ.~ .is· ·suspe1ded such, ... 1 sl)spen_sion S!ipJ/h'ot,{Jf{ect t.he_"t;peration . : . of any order. , . ; iri~de llh~er su~Jtfct/on (SJ or subsection (BJ• (12) The provisions of this se~tion shall ~at· apply to: , -·' I. 1 any property forteitecf'rmder section:,JS." I' .... '• · 69 •- -,. .:''Ii :.. -.. . ·....,:.. . ;!i 1.•1,1 , • . _·;1\\ _·.,' , ·,1:: . :1 .: I t4: . ' ahd 17, upon which· s.18 ·is pegged, are . ·. ·. ,.unconstitutiQh9l but whc;1Fever amendn1rents or repe~I ,of the same •:.· .\<i.Ilt~h~t \h~ii ·m~st pt~vide a constitutionally accepted h~Ve to be macle, . ITlQO.e which _caters f.Of tl~~iarlrtg 'some societies unlawful or those. , I i )i/:'.i}l}:}:\~,t r,c;1J1 to meet 'r~Qlls~\·atloh conditions Including those which ': · • 1 1 .-,I\_S\_~_µpsequently fall below th~ required threshhold hence get cancelled. ' ·1• ·: '·;, . ·1 1 ,_· '. 1\:i1i/I\he 'same is the q~s~ Wi.~~: ~.-30~ It i~ al~o consequential in that it . 1 .. ; • •\; l p:iii \ :\ ! I ' I ~ ij/1' ,,, ., ' • t ' ·- ., • I ,',.i '///1~ 1;11 ~: ~~W\1tj~~ for a n,annet d'f ,.j. ~E!)I~' ·-~lth :·t~~ 1:fro·µ~rty of a·.:society .th_qt i.' 1 1 ,f. J . : . • ~•-• ·,<• I .' ' ',r\,s :, ·, l :/,• t1)r'il--:tM I'!', ,. ... 1 . . .~·. i l~~ally been c1e~1,,relf,u~i'!Vjf_ul. ' As they' stand n<)W, yve s?e · .• ;_;{' ,,.,r,, ,;l?,'.n~: uncdrl5tihltii;ih~l ~~-·?u~ ~em. 1 ·.·_:· , - . , · f:i .--~-- .lr1v1i1 ,h,.. .. 1 ,·\ · l. '\, ':·,1 !. 1 Li '{ ... ' •• ., ' ·: T': ·, /\'·- ·! However, t~e picture i~.diffe·'.ent with··.section 19 which provides as •• , i • 1 , ., : .. · , 1 . I . . I I .' ,,' I'.· i' ; I I •.. I 70 .11 t.·1•1(~11 ; . .;:,;i,,,,-~•:1·_niki1c\tl 1~:l:11:,lH!1:1r~11 ' I ,, fi · .,. , I' •dIB·rtt· i' ,, i"' 1 ~ • \. .r(. . 7'_;,; rllil'l'1 t•! •.r·• • ., 1 : ; 1 . , . • \t' I ~; ' , , l\i1.,•11;r 1 11:\1l \·Y'A~Qh,s~ltutlonalit:Y as it'1,atfows~ .. . t• • an, aggrieved party to •• .-...· . ! ' ,I I ., _/.· ~~-~ll~hge the_ qedsion. ·.~-·-Kowev~r, -~:-19{i) ·is clyarly \ :i;f;;/ l· -·~-~~~jve. as it prdyitj~s. · a •finality ·,1ause barring \ any .·, • _ 1 ..' : -(~ih~1\: _!· $k~~,"1 :e.: ch~llf;:nge 9if t~e Miriisteri. oecislon~ ·A~Iong • ' ' , .• ,, ,I. l ij , I· . '. I . , '1!~J Il I others, this is very mµch prone._ to abus~ as proved by _i i'.,V~at the 2nd Responderit ~id _irtthe pr:~efi~,case! (as ·ll'"ll,._, I d _,.\._ ,,. I' . •·· ~ • ·. ' : 1 • '·alreqdy exposed) .l?.Y 1:1.afng•- :6;':·_proseGttebr.·~.and·~c;} judge ~ • 1 ~- . , _Slrhultenously vlde h\s pr~ss .rel~_~se and ev~n at a s~ag_e . ·:;, <H,biJ~~-~re he can be said to h_q~~ 6~facked the, _p·;ocess a~ the , . .\~7~1~trar was yet to give his ~_e'cis_ion. ;It is precisely ' '. •.!' 1~~1~us1;: of this Po~ent\al d~r~er;::~hilt Courts have found ,,, (,•_ .-J1Moal_\ty clauses con~tiµ1tl9nary 9ffe~jy~. In Akonaay . I.·. %ifr$e (SUAra) tfie c9~r\'llfApP7f.1,Waf fid aijd clear th~t ;1i"t1:~l'•Hs'.Ll_nconstitutiorial 1~ri~ei~~!~io~ WHichan~P,\Jrp,~rts! t(texct~~e ~ccess to. cotrts, therefore m.111,_and void. See ~lso . I the onu C9se (supr~).; Thus, . only s.19(2j_ is ) 'I. Al·\Mnc;:On$tjtutional and t~is we'.:~:r~ entitled to seve~e as per 1 Akona~y and Mti~ifA" . I •·· .. ~i,.~,~: (~ypr.ai •~• • . ~ ,:t; ,lea..vi~_gts.19(1) ,,. • . . , .. ·, Jh~ct. ·:· .·~_. ·· :,_. . .. ·::, ~ .· · 'I . . 'I'\". \. ... •'•' . 'r ·1,.. lI 11 . N:. · . • •, ..•. ' ';' . 1 -1, I ! . I· l,H I} ' ' : ·'i' .·t 11!' \ I " I :•·,' ' I ·- • ' .• I. . .:· l: ·r ~s was persuasively put: by the .Privy .Council in I : ' {,;, ~vot1,1,v Gen~ra~ pf 4~~~1~ -~ 4tt~tnev General of ·\'- . . \\ i ;;,~,~~~~ (1947) Ac !i0~11 1 :,. .· . . ·, . \. . ·:, : : I , ••' , , I , ! i.. ;' 1 .. . • · ... 1! i) 1'. 1 . • . ··.-"·· 101rfll'i\" 1.-1 The real ,qaea.t~on. . •l',. :• - . 'J$.: w~£;ther ..• ,._ what· r.emains is so ; . . ._to '~ .. -4' - • .',. t\·.;N,i (rj:J~,;1~1~};..;:i .ill '_lf ~- 11,,·1' • JI ,-., ., ' inextnlqbiy ibou1i:Ut 11/2 ''tiNth I~ ...,. ,... , . ·'·'"""I' the•p~',t declafed invalid . .I . . : I II ' l~ .. •: ~ ;It:, '. ,1. ' 'l) l • ~ • • . . . .,. . that what remains ca-nnot if/dependently survive, or .. I . •' I • • • t 71 ·' .. •• r . . . . ,\. . . ,.. . .. ,• ,'- ' . I 'I \\.: 11 as it has sometimes been put, whether on a fair . ·I • I I 1 rey{ew of th~ • I I', W1fle matter it qin be assumed that . ,. thi, Leg/5/a(u'r~; :waµlp' {lave en,aded what SUNives without ~na,ctihg o part th?Jt is ultra vires atall. ✓, I . , lift\· . ~. 1 :! :;:. · ·$.19(1), that is ?PV~; t·1ijsas the~~aid test and so is ' I • .- . , the te~t of s.i, havlri Q:fP4.bdt~!·~(2) upc9ristitL1ti'on9I and 1 . ' j; filt~n~~efOre severable. • t;: .: -:, . ':· -· .. . . I For reasons canvas~ed, we declare ss.2(2), 8, 14, 17 and 19(2) ' ' , :. UhFonstitutior,al. ~ ': . .. ,I , · I : j. i .. _. · .(<ii. i · We thu~ answe,r l~~~e tw?, as ref.~r~sed~_~partly positively in ,.tf : :;. 1 ,I .l~iij:ffn'l,~ile the majority q11\18 impugn(i\:ffections awunconstitutional, .· ·_: ss;18, 19(1) and 30 are no~. . : . · ,•' .; . l. I'• .,,, ' . ; ;:I /, i',jJl~ti t-1aving cotne tnls .fa~1 O~f next ~uestion is wh~:her we should .,. r-$.~~l ' ke out the ir11pughed prC1vlslons . of the law from the statute. We . ~sk this qL1estiph ~e~~Hse, .we ~re ~wpre of. s.13(2)(a) of the Basic 1 1 ;·1 'riii).J~jghts. 'and Duties Enfor~rne~t Act, No... 33'- of 1994_,yvhich provides: ••,;:-i::::;,. .:.' t! ~-~ · .._. : '. . . -~,· • ' ' ' ,•·... • i . • . 't ''2... Where an app/l~ant alleges that a.rw law made or i'. action taken l)y .the government or other authority I I ' . I' ' . ' abolishes or abridges the basic_ rights, freedoms or d~ties conferr~d ,qr lmpq$ed by sections 12 to 29 of II :';i i ·: . th~ Constitptl~q :.ffn~'.~he:. Higp ,-~~urt is satisfied that the law or ad:idfl~Cehcerned~ to the ·extent. )of the .. I~ .', . ~' . .: .., ~-- : . . . : ,, . i contraventi9n 1s·~f.V~li~.or unconsl1tutiohal then_··_ ' ' ... 72 . ,.. . . ' . -~• '; .. . ~ i. . ~ .•. ·• ,/ ' '• •;$f :- . ·.<r, •\ :,;.. \ i!llf' '. ' :. .,,, '·-t . . I •• . ·• " • (a}Thel High court shall instead of ,·r declaring the law or action to be invalid or unconstitutional, have the po.,~er and djs&fetl(}n In ifppropriate case to allow. Parliament or -other legislative Jl!iliplff. ~~;erned,. as the case may . be; tq;\f~:re~t t~e ~(~~t in impugned lc1W or ··action witfJin a. specified periqd, . I . subject:to such conditions as may be l· .. . spec/fiet by I~ ancl the law or action i~pupn~tt ~ 1h11I/ ~ntll the correction is rriadeipt lhe expiry of.the limit set by 1 I , ' • ' th~ }Jigh Court which •~ver be _sf?orter, ... . t.l. ..,•. I . ; be deem~d to be valid. . . ·,_;. ·' ,,.,,. t~· ·· · , .i: I l ~' • ''tjl ' ".... ' I ..,I •II . • • l 'I' I ,, •I,ifff•iI' ' ·,, J,l . 11\ , I 1 ; ( , ~! I I· 1•,1 • ,, I• I' ., " . ' 1,1.' . I • 73: ....~-:'~- :, • _· ~ • I • ' . ..f; ' . :·, ,:: . ". I A ' . ' ,jI \, I ~ 'i : ' •' '' .tti ,·' I . ' I , l,w llj,\ ii 1\:1 ;: !I ., . ': : ,:.:_, ' HiI~ H ll ,· ;! li,.I ' IJ t 1 1 :' 1 If I ' I :• l I I :, ' I . :'JI ' 1,( :~ J 1· Jil ,'., b'!! I ' :~ ; f ' ; .:• I •~r'., '.I ·/'l,1,:1Ml1: ,: : I ! 1 if , I'! ,j ' .. ~,. I : , 1 ' •1 I · . tci'uching on funqarnental ri~rts should be construed as to make them . ·. J~i~l~:n~:n~ful and effectiv~ in ~afeguarding those rights. L ·\-:!.r:\;·-·'· ·, . , . l.\ 1 11· ' . . . ,; .. 1 ' ,. ; ,i\i; \ 1) tl1@ Court of Apf ~~- p,111~ tl111t t~~ Mua,1.10 case. was not an 1 1: ·;•. • f i1·J!.~RProprla~e one to be ~eferted to appropriate authority because, .: 1 . . . ,•I . ·,; . . . , , , .· apc;1rt from the two principles above, the impugned s.4(2) of Act No , r"·- ,.I. /~l.'Qf 1969 had already bee,n so referred to th1= Attorney General 30 . ' ' · : 1 ~--. :'~·•rqL · T · ·. · , it . I : i~q~ths ~efore,I ~i~hou~ poslrlvlty; the "Courts will not lean towards a . , ,,,'.]i~fuction w(Jir:h will O/?.S:~ ~heir Jurisdiction, though they must, of ,IJ;j~~r ,~ive effect, to /2!ai11}ords, "qnd, as supported by Article 107 : A(1) and (2)(a) of the Constitutior) introduced by the .Thirteenth . .. . l :, ': :.. :)\m?n~ti~~~ional Amendment' olf February, 2000, that justice would be 1 ·· t.:'1·pe1~~~d~ · · i , I; A.}fil.,1t'::\!Iii: ,··:We.I have ~~tef~ly ~9tl»ld~fllc! 11· the Impugned provisions in I d ff, (iJ~.\ij . p~ to all the sai fact91p ~hd re ate matters, and we have . . i· : ' . . . ,• conduded that this situatio!li differs from the Munuo Case. This is ·: :;\i,,'..;!~:!;f.~7P~:se, although we a~f 9vyare, as we have indicated already, · · ~h~:t ;the Nyala~i <:;0111missi<>h recomm~nded for total over-haul of .1 ' tH~,; sodetles C?rtUnance, (r9~ the Societies Act, Cap.337 R.E.2002) . , r .111~•·1· :1 . . I •1r · j:\)~ffij\~~r\~ cJ,s 199i and no kl1lf n, a~ion hps been taken todate, so far there i_s no Court order made-i'n respect of the impugned sections in 'I . .; ,~{µf of ;s.13(2) of Act 33 Pf 1994 as was the case with the Munuo ·!·,•·~a·~~-· Th~t apart, while the:IMµnuo case was dealing with a single ,~,~Ion, I!",, In here we hgV~ 1mqr,y· ln,pugned sections of a very wanting I . I I ' : I lilt ;::1· _i I. I 1'ji-•. :. ·. :i .. ,•·t.1!:l1i::1r,,j, · 'i ·•1 I : i 74 · ' ! ,·,' I , ,I : I . 'I ··1 ,, . I . Jn1 . ;\ 11;;rflf•l'1l~L1'i'!!l:! !i'?:,f• ·;:1\· · • /.'.i, _,1~1l;i1t(,,•,•rtL!J',Hl'.:)p•i'i !;1,: ,.. . . . 1, :· ,: !·1,;:f!1 1 , • • .; • : • , • · 1 ... 1,1 · . ·'1 ' • • "- '1\ ···•f·' I. . ...... ',. 1'""' !,... I',,·'1 ,.. ,..,,1. . , ,, u'"I'·>'•,,, ,;11:!1f•j,f.~◄1 f ,, ' ·,. I '. ,: . . , 1 \• ''••d . ·1li1 ;.. . . . . 1 I i ,. t! l, •• '' • ' . .• t.. ',. • '..-' .• ! .: :1• i(l.l! 1[ . • . ·, i ,..• ' " . ' !, t • ~ ◄ A. '\.;~~!;[i~iut l~Port~n~ le9iJ111tio~ la, ~ whose proper remedy would be either a I '·.!{ ,;:· ··: I l ; t !_:ii. ):1 \{:.total repeal and re- enactment or very extensive amendments. We • ; l ·•• ' •i · '• •,'/I I ! '; ' : • ' :,: \:';i:.,Jeel. that if we strike down the impugned provisions the legislation .. . ,· }, '· . ·1 ,; ' , ;;,:' . j ,would remain terrjbly ?~~lled, to have any meaning or use as a, · I'. , . ....... I . . .I .: . ·:.• ; ·: :_;. .'[;):i.:{~tatute for governirQ thr formation ~md regulation of societies. While . \/i(! .ir'.l't!t~e genercil p-ibli~ ~:f to enyoy the right of association and '. ' : 1 . _: :: i :.\ . ' :.';l '1:·J:.,./1 l1, ·,'. ·.,1·1 ', f\)1s·cembly, vyhlch irltlu'1P~~: the formqtion and the running of societies, 11:!·'.lli ,I I ' l11 ,,,,:r,1, ': . . >· ' . ' i 1 \ ( 't1;'1ij1;1:11t1~ ~nnot b~ w1tn~µ ::'il.~lti!tl~ns or gulPance. As the result of thiS,. ' . 1 ~ . , : . i· · 1Jj!)"'We!Jeel th~t tj,i$ is~ Pr_w'lr case In Which to invoke s.13(2) of Act 33 • · · •·:.:·+··Of 1994, in order to a!ldW the Attorney General to take necessary ·, ::!\:CJ;$teps withih <l rieriAtj of 11;11~ year to femove the unconstitutionality of . I '. .'i':::-:,·;.·the provisions in qU~stior1. -.kt:·r ., '.. . . . ; ,' ,i, ·J ·,:, . • I . ; ;, 1 · ·] .· : [; iflJ ,• . .Before we conci~e, we think we should make an abservatiofl · '; . : "'· ' '' :·•.1; ·! i ' ,... ,• -·. I I · . ·. , . ;Jf ti\.,_ '.~n ~h9t Ptof. Shivji rai 7ed touching on the Universal Declaration ~ I i : 1.1 ~ 1 • I )I ,:l.. : ,l,1:1' • 1 I .• ' • •' .I ·' :. ;: ,_;. r.}f;l~:bq,f: r.-.umarj R,9.ti~~ tij~t er; the International Covenant on C1v1.l II~ " .. 1 i : "'•'\jWd i;Politi~~, ~idht$ ;.t°~CCP.R); tt,e AfriccJn Charter on Human :·: : ;·i ·y· 1 ·.;,;J::} / ; '·f, 1 1 • 1 '' ·.::i\•.•.·:' 1;!1,· 11 11 1'1 }\11•!:1 111~r1,:ljj~eop\e 6,g· 1 M' ·'1 'I'~" rift~~~~ 1 ·l~'t,, r·~,c~h ~ 11 Qha..t-er) and the1Convention' ',· ,r- , ~i. A·, r'· .... :\i/~[-if(~: ;Elimincit!Qh ~f ~llll~~rms ~f Disc~iminatio~ agains ~o~en ' 1 1 ' 1, •Ii I 1 (( •[ I .. · ·. :/:\i>'!:;. JCEP,AW]. While w~ ··~are in agreement with·: the pnnc1ples ' I; ;',,''. . ; • I , 11· • , . :::, . 1::f:,i::.;:11.~lllh·P~90,0unce~ ~here!~, In Yi!~W of wh~t transpired and our findjngs, we , : ;,,;';Jij,ifift(Of the S~tt!ed Vl~w .~hc1t It Is unneces~ary to go into the alleged 'I. •'•,.: I ; • ' • • ' • :/1 <, , . : ;, ., y1olcJt1ons of those intern,~tlonal and Human Rights Instruments . . . ·. .:".· . :::: rr'.\:-. :... ,:· -·.': i . • :r, Finally, we tWrn to. the prayers. ' 75 ' ' ' . ' 76 +;,t1lilt4i)., 1 :. 11I . : !' -• I ' :'' '>t·· :·: I 'i·':¥/;~]·;·., .: . ; ,./:. ,Jl,J, 1,fi:;,1., '• : ,. ' -• ,1•,r ~ '1fd1,\·~• . ',.,, . "ii'' ' I i 1· ' " .. ' iI 1 · · tndeed; the Society µl~11had roadmap and related matters were 1 ·I, i,,;!f(!~\i;, 9era11rd if rPt RIP~~~1 ~y the l~espPlidents, but we feel this cannot : 11' ' i'.T\ l~~t1t1~ them to exempl~r damages. However, considering the hustle . ! j. . : ( · : and tustle they went through, the various preparations and step~ I I . il:1 ·. · ·. , . ! ~ : :.·.·ii .tl.:;!:f'k~~ including callin~/. National Conferences on orders of the· 1: 1 • • ~]Respondents (i.e to amend the Constitution), the results of which the i);/!_:_!': 1 . . . I ) ':ldt 1' . ;I · )' • ·.• : f} :li~'\IIIR.Js~pndents Pack~rnc,k.]d ancl .Ignored and to~k no steps, save for 1 :· 'I il)~}fl!1IIJ:Hpla\;vfully 8ereQi~terlHgl1the Sbci~ty, forcing them to file an action in , ·'\ · · . court, we feel general ·damages to a tune of shs.20 million would ',· . . ,j :~r. }:·L!lli;t::i~.e.~t- the ends of juntice and which we hereby award. The ; ,i.'::i) 1~f3tltlqners are also awqr~ed costs. I I' ·' ' ' I"'.· 'j,,' " 77 : t •• ! ' ;