19921204 TZHC Tabora
Conviction of the first appellant was inevitable based on credible evidence of identification and possession of stolen property; conviction of the second appellant was not supported by evidence beyond reasonable doubt, as mere mention by the first appellant did not amount to proof.
Source-derived case information.
- Citation
- 19921204 TZHC Tabora
- Parties
- Appellant: Shinyro152, Shabai.ri Kulra; Appellant: Sylvester s/o Iktina; Respondent: Republic
- Court
- TZHC
- Jurisdiction
- Tanzania
- Judgment Date
- 4 December 1992
- Procedural Posture
- Criminal Appeal / Judgment
- Outcome
- First appellant's conviction and sentence upheld; second appellant's conviction quashed and appellant acquitted.
- Legal Topics
- Burglary, Stealing, Identification, Standard of Proof
- Source Language
- en
Source-derived case record
Summary, issues, holding and outcome
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Parties
Shinyro152, Shabai.ri Kulra
Appellant
Sylvester s/o Iktina
Appellant
Republic
Respondent
Procedural Posture
Criminal Appeal / Judgment
Legal Issues
- 1 Whether the convictions for burglary and stealing were supported by evidence beyond reasonable doubt
- 2 Whether identification evidence was sufficient for both accused
Ratio Decidendi
Conviction of the first appellant was inevitable based on credible evidence of identification and possession of stolen property; conviction of the second appellant was not supported by evidence beyond reasonable doubt, as mere mention by the first appellant did not amount to proof.
Court Disposition
First appellant's conviction and sentence upheld; second appellant's conviction quashed and appellant acquitted.
Orders
- First appellant to serve five years imprisonment for burglary and twelve months for stealing, sentences to run concurrently.
- Second appellant to be released forthwith unless otherwise lawfully held.
Full Case Text
Judgment text and source record
1 paragraphs
I 't ,:,2-.,,.. . ELL~'..TE JU.1.Ifil;IC;.Liu,.r ( ~borQ, Re [;i.stry) (EC) CRDf:ITLL A..~E.{Ji 1~ .138 of 139 of 1989 OB.IGLVL CRil:iIH,';I, CNJE 1,C. 29.0.· OF 1988 OF T.::2 DI3T:.UCT COt:lT OF ff.:;Jf L'JrG.L DIS'rRICT /l.T .s-:BJYLNGL Bo fora: . J.M. }1woyungo _. Esq.,'. SEtHOR DISTRICT Iv.tl..GISTR.t..TE SJ..~;1: 1{u1i.1)Y..:·... & 1,NO'r.(illR . .; ••. • •••• • .. A.~~T (Origin.cl. ,icousod) Varsus TJE Rm:':"J:'.ILIC ••• •·•., •••• • • •. • • • • • •.,. .RES?ONDEN'T . (0rigi1~-w. l'rosocutor) JUDG!iE~L..~ err .llR ms:. lst Cou~1t: 3urglr.r.r c/s 294 (1) of tho PQn·:.l Coda Ca.p.,16 2rrl Count: Stoalin.~' o/s 265 o:'.: t:. , 7-:-::".:-.1 Coda C.:.p;,16. Before Shinyro152, Jistriot Court • o, - 1 - Sha.bai.'ri. KUl~ra. and - 2 - S;y-1 vc s tor s/ o Ikt~ina, oh:Jl'gocl in tho ,'..".1:'dor oi :first a.rid so coni accused. porso:1S, aa above. Ihc-J wore bot::i fou::d r;uil ty and convictud-, as cbc.r2,ud, 1 a.,."'ld. ac.~, s011tonood to fivo yo::i,rs imp:risol'l!lont on first count, end twolv:J months imprisonment on 2nd count, sontoncos to run ooncurrontly. 'lho samo now oonviots 9 were ag{:,l.'iovod am arc Jhorcforo ap?ooling a3r-dnst oonviotions, vido lliQl Court Crimi ml appo als Nos 138, e,r.d i39 of 1989 horoin to bo co11solidc:1.tad, arid. I iidl ~a cdling them first and socorx:1. nppolld1ts. Th.a · Ro-9tlblio W8S, roprosont::id by tho loarnoc. Sonier Strite .Attorney Mr. KQ.C.'.t:Ti, mo o:n bohalf of t:.10· s nno said Ropublio st;)portod conviotio1w. T'.u.o .fadts lea.dine; to oonviotior:ws do ·oovar ~ narrow comp.1,ss. 'P.1oy ?WI· o.ro us follows. Tho oor.rpla.inn.nt L"1URmtrT WJSS,::L 1~f lffghokol" Shinyansc:, 1-ro.s ~n 18/9/1988 at a.bout 9 pm, with his so:1 STZ?:J:rill:T 't.n':.L:..'110_ r1t2_, .out sido his hoitso, llo,ving t!loir dLmar. llhilo thoy waro ao c2,t:l.1'JC', r:r2 ST.il":,...,£:EXif Ia?.t.1..:'..TO l).oa;rd sorao making of· noise :i,nsido tho :1ot".Do, ::,,rid upon ::i~:i tb.o compln.innnt going into th~ house, to soo -whd wr.s hv.:1::;i'O!ri.nz," •110 I f'ou.ncl the window broken open, t111..cl bo hold, ho s01w a porrio:1 r·~'.::::.i.::.,: o-..,.t t'.i::::;u.:;.1-t t:.:c Hind.ow. &"rl at tho srono time, i'112 w:1t round tl:..c ho:.~oc., r2:l.'i~rL ·u:.· t:11 ::::;:i.1:1 0 ouri"'sity, enly to soo a parson rt'.l11U.11{.;' from tho ho·.~.so, t:iro·_;.,jl tb:J brol::cn vrindow, in ,.. ,:,: ~.: .. positr,ssion nni L stolon property - liko o. kn.nzu, tin o.nd. othor thi11g5 Eilitit A, 11~1ic:1 t:...J CGu,:-.i:1:~ ,.,_, fud--L.i.vu tw.'u1J::2d. ::-.o ·..;,i:J cllw:iu closed in on him. first ·,. appolln;.1t, 11ho too, mo;_1tio;.1od tho 2ro.. 7·~-011~_:1t, c.s :.:nvi:~ boJn 1:i t1:. hm. It nu.s ~Jis ovidonco tl1D..t culminatod . l t:·.o conviction of t}10 c:ippol12r.rts after tlloir dofonco: ·-tl.12.t tho propartio3 wore i'~lsoly :?1::-.nt'.Jd. on tl1ar:i, h:-id boon rojoctcd by the cou-~t. I think, w:i. thout 00-.:tin.:; nbout tho iJti.s'.\. end wi t>out Ii10o.ndori,_t;, t".:o ovidonca n.6 2inst fao fir,~t n::_:,pollrnt, :i.G so; tit;:i. t; t..'1:-:.t t~-;.a co:rrictiono woro inovi tnbly o. must, Crod.:i.bly ·:10 lt::-.s oaon ·ru.."ll1ir.c o-c:..t cf t:.:o hot•,'30, tb.rou._3;.;. fuo wiad.ow, ro::..d.orod open obviov.sl;r by him, by both I>1Jl t:U.10. ?1!2. il tll.0t1:5l it nas niJ~.t, 1'1i2 cha.sad nnd q:>prohndod !iim, :-ncl fin:D.ly h::.riclJct him to t11.o l'olicoe, Hu.J:'dlos lilco misklcon identifier.ti on, 'conli t:i.011:3 :for idontifio::-.,tion hoin;;i 1...~-:ii'nvourn.'bla; hew 110 rolo to pl::g in t'.10 circv:::.;:;t:,,,"'loos in rospoot of tho fi:::st a::i::;>ollant, nor is thoro c:117 ro,-:i.so:1, not avc·n :pointed by tho first· ai:r;. . 0112-nt or qthor1dso· obv.i.or!.S on racord, r.s to l;/1:Jy sucll ·wi trIJssos, sb.ouJ.cl toll lios n{;":::i::1£'-'; t1o ls t appoll11.11t,. I c.r.i in totcll ngroomont, wit:.. t:.~o lonrnod Sor-.im: Skto Attorney, M::·, Kr.duri, "!:hr.>,t the fir,.st. CJ.\::,ollnnts conviotio~'l.S, on bot2. 00°:mts, co. n ;not f':.i:t:.ttd. r.,r.itl t:1cy ~o ... tipholt., /in t:10 sontanco on first co1...~1i.; is _tllo minimum :-Jtnto:i;ily fiY.:cd, ::'.,X1d for t:.1u vt',luo of property stolon, an:; os the : : : -~ rrb ;::eo 0:1 ·' · - 2:·.r?,. ·r: :·,:.1..:·1:t; :i.s· ot!landE:a on ' in its m1tiroty, ecs ovc·1 more more:• is r1.1J.ocl outo 'lho 2nd ap!)oll:::nt 's c.::iso, with d1 . ros,oct, stand.::; on c. different . ov:i.donti;-,J. podostc.l. 'I:.10 ovidonco r,g;:.... :.:::it h::.11 dQoo i!1 rrr;/ view, so_riov.sl;7 fn.1.1 short, of ostn.blisllin;; tho chr,.rgod offo:10Js bcyonr_ ro:i..so,ncblG a.'')u.bt. T:"o only ovidonoo wo h,:i,vo fl'om :,-;i, ?172, :'13 and ~U4 1 is thd tl:.o fir::t r-p;?ollc;:1t montionoa_ tho 2nd appolhmt 1 thoro"uy OJCi)~Si!l;s l:ir.i ~o si~spicio11So T:.:c:rais no ov.ido:ri..oo, not <;70:,1. ::-.:.,. ::.ot:::.1 t:1c.t t:'lc ~c:;_ ~prollc.nt w:::.::i at t:ic scone -ct ru.1 0 · It nn.:i.st bo roon-J,lod. t'.·-r.t ?1:2, wont roti.;.1cl t;w )1ouso, upon ho·~iz)G ha:p:1..n.zo..rd . noisos i n ti...L~o ,.i.1.0uso, a-1,rpollunt" 'lliorc i1,3 not own ovidonco, c..s · to clinpso of 2,J.T.f body 1 np::-.rt from ' tho fist appallo.n't rt.i;.1::1113 away., It. is rzy oonsidorod v-.i.cw1 th::·.t · moro mention of tho 2l1d nppoll.~11t, ~:'.- t~1c fi.rs-t c...cc1,1.sod, t:}.r1,t -thoy wrJro to,:_;othcr, in tho porpotration ·of 1 tho oflo:100:a ca.;.m~-~ lllll0'\l;.1t to pr~of bc:rond roa.son:J.bl0 . . ~ou.bt at t:>ll - vfuc.t mny be ac~owd 'is to rr-bo SUS:")icio:1, r.:'!,'P..inst him, -~ut t.:).~.t is not ;m-, - .L- J(1Unnort .. · not onot~ IK-'£._Oonv:tct::.c:1. thoroforo n.11 owed, nqnv.i.otions q_unsllocl, 0..:10.. so ~1t· •ncc.,oz cot ncic:to.. 'Elo 21.1d. a.ppoll:?..nt _to b0-_.r~l~c1ood ~thwi th, llillOG:~ ho· i:J o-t'.:.or1-i:icc lo3clly hold.. Dali~r'od"-t'hii 4-fP..~, dcy f n,:con1)or 1992. ,.: ·-:/ . . .., ._, I .... / I t "J '. E.W. l(•_rpr.rr, • :~• I •. J"')IP. ~2.:r-tio::::