19880326 TZHC Dar es Salaam

... TEE UNITED REPURLIC "OJI' .-!~Zlu"rIA. Ilif TEE HIGH COURT OF TA:rJZ.ANL\ I AT DAR ES Sl.:f.:LYlM CIVIL Ch.SE NO. 170 OF 1.986 TOE DffiECTOR GfilJTJ'Ju., OF CIVIL AVIATION YLlllTTIFF versus GEORGE HflLL..'i.CK l fill?. T./JIJ.:i...':..lTIA CORPQL'i...'~TION) 0 0 O O O DEFENO:J.iJTS J U D G M E N T& ( KYI:.lIDOa J • On the 17th of October, 1986, tho plaintiff9 The Dirccto1~ Geno::roJ. o,f Civil t~viation of Tanzc=mia9 filed this suit in this court ac,rd.nst Cal0donian Airlines ( the first defendant), Geort;ro Fk1,llack ( the second defendant) and Aii~ Tanzania Corporc:,tion ( the tll.ird defendant) o The suit, as stated in po.ragn1ph five of the plaintiff 1 s ]?1£:.int 11 is in respect of accuraulo. ted lending and pa:rkiJ.1,:.; cb.ares--os owed severally and jointly to tho Plaintiff by· tho Defendants, a.n order tho.t the Defcndo.nts' ah~craft B7O7 - 331 a.t the Dar cs Solo.ClJil International ldrport and J372O at Kilimanjaro International Airport l)o 1~cmoved thm~cfromJ d.amac,os o.nc1 compcnso.tion for tho drn~ncc cc.,uscd to the c1pron of the Kilim.:mjai:o Inter-national Li:i.'por-t by the Defond.:::.nts' a.h~craft as well as compensation fo::c miscello..neous expanses incurred by the plaintiff as a ronul t of the Dcfendn.nts I fo.ilui~e to remove the aircro..ft from airports controlled l);_y" the plaintiff." \ L.t the end of tho plaint, .the reliefs oought by the plaintiff and sot out spocific2-lly uo an followsi~ (a) · A.1.1 order compelli11g·1tho Defendants to remove afrcraft J372O -and rr,O7 fror:i tho Da.r cs SalM.111 Intcrn2.tioncl .i.H1~port and Kiliiill.lllja.:co ~tcrnational i..irpo:rt~ (b) Shs.10,930:-•oo/= boinc; n~'l::Qlulo.tcd lD.nding c..nd parking charges o..s shmm in pa.ro.. 13 and 16 ( of ,tho plaint). (c) Shso20,000/== l)OinG' compensation for expenses incurred by tl10 plaintiff fo:r inconvonicncfos nncl miscc1lancous fi11o.nci2.l expenses for sea.ring awn,y birds f:rom tho Dofondants' airc:ro..ft a,s shown in pnro. 14 (of,thc plaint). 2 (d) Shs.20:,000/= boinG componsntion for tho expenses inc\.Q1:t'edl by tho plnintiff fo1· ropa,irin0 tho dc,,mogod n,frport apron as shotm in pn.rn. 17 (of tho plaint} (e) Interest of 7tz1o per annum on (b), (c) and (d) above from the date of· filing this suit until the dn.to of jude,1nent; (f) Costs of this su~t; (g) Any othe:c relief uhich this court may deem fit to gTant; Mrs. Madina Ngororo, learned Senior State Attorney in tho Attorney- General's Chrunbo1°s, is roprosontinc the Plaintiff in these proceedings, The Tanzania Loeal Corporation represents tho third defend2,nto On 13., 11.,86, nhen tho case was fiJ. st 1)j~ought before a Jud.go, Mrs l~gororo 0 stated that tl10 first and second dofonclants were not residents of this country and as they wore o,bsont in coui~t on that d1:w, she 0,ppliod for the:u.~ summonses to be served by publication in one issue of tho intornn.tional prosso Tb.is com•t (Jl/io,picn,no, J.) (f.L'antod that prG.yor and ordoi•od that tho fust and second defendants be served by pul)lication of summons in one issue of tho 'Daily Nows', one issuo of tho 'Times of London I and one issue of 'Flil3'ht ll/IL1-t,"'O,?, inc 1 0 On 27.8.,87 Mrs. Ngororo informed this court that tho two defendants had boon served by publicc,tion of summonses in tho 1FinttnciG.l Timas of London' of May 5, 1987, at page 17, ru1d tho I Sunday Nows ' of May 17, 1987; ~t PD.G'O 11, copies of both those PCJ;O~B lmvo boon filed in the case file., Tho summons in tho 'Financial Times 1 , though tho ti tlo of tho .. _casc ·, bsuo the names. of all tho parties, is add;rcsscd to tho second dofondD..nt, Goorgo Hallc10k3 end tho.t in the' 'Sunday Nows' is MdJ."osscd to Calodonian Airlines, tho first dcfcnda.nt. On 15.9. 87 Mrse N6 ororo inforraod. tho court a.gain about the first n.nd second dofcndcnts having boon duly sorvod 3 by subs ti tutcd service by publication as shovm 3 ancl prayed tlmt n.s the two dofondants hnd filed no dofoncos to the plaintiff's suit tho c11so be i)rococdod with a,sn.inst thom,.cx-partc·. She also informed. the oourt tlmt the plaintiff and tho third dcfonda.nt had reached a settlement in tho matter. Tho com"t recorded tho terras of tlm t settlement, nnd it also e;ranfod the prnycs for ox-pnrto proof o.g2.inst tho fiI·st and second dc:fcndo,ntso It directed that such proof bo l)~r o:cd ovidonco, not by nfficl.·wi t c,,s Mrs o Ncororo llad pro.;rcd~ bcca,uso of tho amounts cluit;1cd l)y tho pluintiff a[;'L'>inst tho tuo dofondo.nts 0 I hoD-rd tho oviclonco, ox-pn.ri.o, on 17 8 3e 88, and this jucluaon t is an ox-po.rte juC:.cr,10nto It concerns tho :pl0,intiff and tho first and second defendants only, tho claims l)otwoon tho i)ln.intiff i111d tho thi:ecl clofoncla.nt, as already shown, having boon sottlodo Two pooplo tos_tifiocl 1)oforo mo in support of tho suit b3; tho pl0,intiff o Those wore Lot J\llollol (PWc1) M- tho Director Gonoro.l of Civil AviL-,_,tion in Ta.nzania, o.nd :8L1a.nuol Olo-Knmbaino A (PWo2), tho Di:i.~octor of il.oroclromos in tho Diroctorcto ·of Civil Aviation. Iloth tho :plaint filed by tho plaintiff and tho ovidonco lod or adduced show e.nd ostQ,blish thc.t tho rosponsibili tics of tho Director of Civil Aviation, tho plaintiff, in Tanzru1io.. include sn.fogu,..1.rdinc, implononting end onsurin0 conformity by o.ir operators in Tanzania with intorn.:1. tionn,l standards and rocommondod :practices osto.blisod by ICAO under tho Chicngo Convention of 1944<> Tho Plaintiff is also or.ipoworod to control, o;xocuto a,nd l.Tu'.1llag'O all Eiattors rolcJ,tinc to· Civil aviation ru1d gonornJ.ly to onsuro and secure safe air nn,viC;ation including safety of o.ircraft and _passor1un>0rs ruld cargo carried therein in tho country. PWo2 donls with tho i:laintonanoo of oorod.roaos_, tho fr opor2..tions and r:1c1riaeonont in Tanzo.,_11.ino Tho first dofondn,nt is a 00L1pt'.ny inoorpor2.,tod in Lobe.non, n.nd tho second clofonda.nt, o., resident of Lolx'..llon also, is tho solo mmo:r o..nd Mo.nE!.ging Director of tho first dofond~nto On 11th Octobox, 1979~ tho first dofond.c....nt wot-loc.socl to tho thircl dofondn,nt on nircr2,,ft, :B720~ Ro(~·istrn.tion lifo .. N2215, under to1•ms and conditions so,t out in o.n 0,i3Toomont nnnoxod to tho plaint o.,s il.l11l.oxuxo 'Ji. 1 0 BJr a lotter dntod 1st Fobru.1Xy9 198o, tho second dofondo..nt, with the lmowlodcro and oonsond; of tho fiI'st dofondcmt, p:r-ovio.ocl tho thinl dofonclc:mt with 2.nothor a.irorci't r:1.'\ko B707, Roc;istro..tion NooN762TW for tho th±rcl dofonclnnt to uso for its lon.,_~;ii.-::-i;J.~ oporc1tionso J3oth tho nircrnft woro dolivorod to tho third clofonclrult and 001:1uonood Oj)Orations in Tanzr.mi0, usincs tho plaintiff 1 s faoili tics 0t tho Dar os Sn.lo.c'l.D Intorno.tion2.l Airport (DI1~) cmd tho, Kilirno.njm•o Intormt iono..l Airport (KI.A.)"' Airoro.f't B729 :R.0,¢.JJh,-,.ti-:1~1:rro,.62215 oouldnot opor.'."',to :for lollCi,howovor 0 This W[l,S boco.u.so it w2.s not clo2,1.•od for opor;:,tion by tho plo.,intiff •s Dopo..rtmntc,~ PWe 1 tolcl this court 2.s follows on this pointi- "li. ttonpts to cct its o.ir sn.foty roquirononts dicl /,·i~o/-- - ~ succoodo Cnlodonir.m ..lirlinos on whoD tho rosponsibili ty to· onsuro so.foty of thoh• o..i:ccrn.ft lo,;y fo.,ilocl to socuro doounonts fron tho ~ , u]:i.ioh woro co1~tifio,',tos fo:e 2-irworthinoss, Tho 2.i:rcrcit is roe;istorod in tho us1~ 0 4 In o..ccord&'lco · ui th an Into:i:'n0, tiono..l Convention roll'.. tine to fdr scloty, tho StC'>to of Roc;istry is i•osponsiblo fo1· co:dific[',tion of nll o,spocts of so..foty roln.tinc,; to CTl l1.:i.I'crc..fto For tl1<.,,t 1~00.,son wo c.litl not give nn 2,pi1:..•ovcl for it to bo usocl by ATC., For this ro0son 0,lso, it wns, pcw:'kocl 0,t KL:-~o It hC:.s boon 1)c.:.rkod thoro sinco Fob:;.•uQry, 190o.' 1 l'i.B roco..rcls tho othor n.ir c:rnft, PW.1 tostifiod tlmt it ini tio..lly obto,inod tho nocosso.ry cortifico..tion for opo:ro.tions by ATC ( tho thircl dofonclo,nt). ATC opor,,,tod it botwoon April to Octobor, 19Co. PW.1 than. told tho Courti- "Tho :1no:i:'.ico..n Focloro.l ii.oro notics Aclninistro..tion (FAL) roportocl to us of tl.t0 cc.ncollo..tion of tho rn1intorn:mco contrnct in rolr.tion to t:10 c.1.ircra,fto It wns clso 1·03istorod in tho USA. Tho contr0ct J.mcl oxistad botwoon 1st clofonclo.nt J a.nd ..i.oro-Sorvico Intornr,,tione1.l~ Mim.1i:, USA. · Tlmt nl1.intonn.nco contrc,ct wr.-,s p2.rt Emel lT,l'C0l of tho cortific2-tion ·by tho Fi\.A. Tho cancoll0,tion of tho contr['l,ct : ..utono..tic:--lly withu:row tho FlJi. 1s cortificdoo We 2,ccorcl:i.ngly di:-coctod .,:"I.TC to uith- ch·au it ( tho uircrdt) fron 01,0:-co..tions, Tho .i.i:rcrr.f't wo,s tllon [;l'Ol.mdocl at tho D;:,,r cs Sal&,i.1 Intc,:i:-·nl1.tional idrl,)ort, since October, 19800 It is still lk':.:l'kocl tl1oro todo..too 11 Tho ovidoniBo of both PH. 1 2,nd PU2 slloHEfthr1t by ro,.1v.,ininc po..rkocl o..t /ru.ao tho two airpo:-ds as thoy v.ro non ti.10 two •0,ircrr.ft o..ro a ~ d to other aircraft usinJ thoso c,irpoxts. Tl:toy oxpla,inocl tht,t those nir- craft lmvo bocono lmbi to.,ts for insects, bi:rcls anc1. nnincls. Tho one 2-t KIA. 2-ccorn:iocktos insects ::md birds [.'lld tho bin.ls hD,vO boon of r1 porticuJ.8.J:' :!l»t.aard to the plcmos usinc; Kil~. • f J3irc1 strikes have hc,p:ponocl froq_uontly thoro o.,ncl conpo..nios OlJOI'c'.,tins :::-,i:rcro.,ft o.,t thc,t o.i:rport, such ns KLM Mel Sa.l)ono,$ l1c.-wo con1>lc,inocl fc,rnnlly o.bout tho bi:rcl strikes. IATJ... clso hns ho,cl to cooplain to tho 1)lrdntiff' v.,bout thor.1. In consoq_uonco tho plnintiff lw,s hr,cl to forn,I.Birds Hm-rassoncnt Unit to /a h2.rra.ss off the birds, v.,t groe,t cost~ Also, tho nircrc:1,ft o.t KL";. hc,s clovolopod nn oil loolc. Tho loo..k croounlly destroys tho tar:->,11£',C bonoa,th tho aircro.,ft. PW.1 tostifiocl tlmt for t)10 o.lovo roo,sons, "we clonO,Ucloa_ tho.. t tho 2..i:-ccr0ft bo ronovocl fron tho a.irports, our clor.1-..,,ncl_s 1·TOl'O clil·ootoc.l ini tio..lly to ..'i.TC ru1d tho first do clofoncL~,nt., Lc1,tor, c:m I'Ocoipt of infornation of o,;morship of t:.10 o.,ircr0,ft by tho 1Hco..ro.JUc."n Govornnont, wo cli:roctod tho donands~ tbrouch cliplor.1..--,,tic clu:mnols, to that Govorn- nont nlso. Nono of tllo o..tto,~1pto wore fl ui- tful. m...~z.tt:.Ally , ~· ; . we, we~~ , i:.blo ;to concluclo tl1c,t tho· 2.,irorn.ft wore pro1;Grly ownocl by Goorc;o IL.."..llD.ck ( 2nd clofoncknt) through his conp:rny, C.:ileclonion ..:i.irlines (1ot defondr.,nt)o Wo t:eiocl throuc):t cliploL1..':.tic che,nncls cmcl ii.TC to ost<'-blish tho o,c:1.dross of Goorc;e Ibll::i,ck but without succooso ·. , ' I 5 Ho thoroforo roquostocl tho Govorn..-:1ont tlmt thoy a,ut!;_o::i,."iso tho Airport's Mo.n.'7.6or.1ont to rouovo tho .1:..ircro.ft fron "l~lo Airports in tho onru101' clooDocl fit. Tho Govornnont clirocted the,t wo obt;:,,in c', court c.lecision on tho r.12-tter." Ho ( PW0 1.) then ].):i'..'nyocl trm this com,t for o,uthori ty to clisposo of 'tl10 or lmvo "Jiiou renovoc.l f1°on tho [,i:rports,- so tl:..o.t they c.ro solcl seconcuy 0....11.cl/_; C.rJ, orclor for r:-. :i.•kinc c1mre;'os to bo pe,iclo Ho sta,tocl&- 11 Tho o..il•c:;~o,ft hnvo boon c,t t~10 (l.irports for Q, lone; tinoo C]::.r~1°5os l.nvo to be pe,icl fol' t~10 pc.rkinco The 01-mort r oilcb.•ess crn:mot l)o nscort::1inocl to e:x...'7.ct p0,Y!:1ont fron then of tho cl12.reos 3 we pn1;y t]::...1.t tho procoocls of tho s0le of the us toL.- 2..ircro..ft bo l)ii!.icl o..s pc.rkinc cl,.m\5es nncl o,lso iic tWll-1:~ UP us l"epail' t!.ie d2nr43ml D,pron 2:t KIA~ 11 PWO 2 oxplrdnocl in clo tnil how tl:>.e su;::is clcinecl in this co,so ,- nncl lis tecl in the l'eliofs sou0ht, lmve 1)oon ro"Ti vod it., Ho ola,bo:rc. tocl oJ..so on the loss to his. Dopo.:dnont occ,~ssionocl by the two nircro,ft be inc c;roundocl .:,t tho two 1 intormtionnl 2,iJ:.'l)orts o,s s~1own in tl10 list of anc. listed reliefs pr[,yocl f_C ·1istocl in tho pl2,int 0 On c1, full considor,'.tion of tho entire cnso, I 2,n of tho opinion th:.t .. tho loss su.f:forrod by tl:.o plcdntiff ·oocrnmo of tho tt-ro 0-ircrc.ft being po..rkocl a,t DL"l ruic.l rru~, for t>.o uo,ny yoc:rs they lmvo lJocn pr.:rked thoro, ~1c..1,s boon fully osti'.blishocl., It is c,lso cloo..r fron 2, full considor;:,,tion of t~:>.o circunst0,,.11cos upon w:.1ic:i this co.,so is l)a,sod thc.t those cdrcro,ft !:mvo l)onn 0,b8.rl.clonocl by tl:oir 01amors. They nou cortC'..inl~ j,?0S0 l10mrc.ls to other o.ircro£t us inc tl:o two cirports whore t:.1oy o.rc po..rkoclo Thoi..c ronovc,l fror.1 those c',irl)orts is not thorofo:..~o only closiro,blo lJut nocoss[',ry, I fin(l tho..t tho plo,intiff ho,s provocl his clo..ins o,cninst the two dofon<lru1ts in this cnso ti,nt1 I 0 .cnt tho prc,yors fol' ror.1ov0-l ruic.l snlo of aircr::i,ft :r:3720 with Roc;ist:cr,tion Do.rks N62215 (now pr,.:rkod nt KIA} ~md n707, wi ti1 RO[.~istrction-r.lDJ:'ks N762TW (:po.,rkod 0,t DL'~). I di:roct tho.,t ·.. tho proceeds of tho s2,lo of tho two ri,ixcrm1 be a,pplied towcu~cls settling of pn.ynonts duo to tho }..)lmntiff in tho forn of 1::rndin0 2-ncl 1X'.rkin0 cho..re,'Os :for ·c;ho two aircro..fto Tl:.oy should clso 1Jo n,ppliocl to t!10 c:.of~c,yal of expenses so fm~ incurrocl by tho plo,intiff in tho :roIJc.,i:r of t:10 cbr.1..:,.30 to tho airport 2,p:ron 1:'..Ucl otho1~ o::q,cnsos c,s pro,yod in t!.ie l"Oliofs souc-llt in this CG.Seo Finu.lly1 cll tho otl:>.01" reliefs not specificnlly nontionocl hero but w~1ich Imvo boon sot out in tho list of reliefs SOU[:;·ht, such o..s costs Md interest, cu·o 2,lso 0TC',ntoc.l o,s prc,yod. It is so ordered~ 1'.!J; •DAR ES S.UJ:J1M D~TEg 26/3/1900 .JUDGE