N
- Citation
- N
- Status
- Judgment
- Jurisdiction
- Tanzania
- Court
- TZHC
- Decision
- 1 January 1973
- Posture
- Criminal Appeal / Judgment on Appeal
- Language
- English
More details
- Court
- TZHC
- Decision
- 1 January 1973
- Posture
- Criminal Appeal / Judgment on Appeal
- Language
- English
On this page
Professional case brief
Research organized from the available case record
01
Holding and result
The court found that the appellant was rightly convicted based on evidence that he was implicated in the fraud, including the extra-judicial confession and corroborating testimony, and that the trial magistrate was justified in rejecting the defence and convicting as charged.
Court disposition
appeal dismissed; conviction and sentence upheld
02
Material facts
Parties
THOBIAS BILUNO
AppellantRepublic
RespondentAmounts and remedies
- Amount Obtained by False Pretences: Shillings 34,600
03
Procedural history
Posture
Criminal Appeal / Judgment on Appeal
04
Questions and positions
Legal issues
- 01
Whether the appellant was implicated in the fraud and related offences
- 02
Whether the conviction was justified based on the evidence
Party arguments
- Applicant
- The appellant argued he prepared the LPOs on the orders of the storekeeper (first accused), who was responsible for purchasing goods for the school. He processed payments when LPOs were brought with invoices, and the first accused had certified receipt of goods. He claimed to have acted bona fide and had no knowledge of any fraud.
- Respondent
- The prosecution relied on evidence that goods alleged to have been bought were never delivered, and produced an extra-judicial confession from the third accused implicating the appellant in the fraudulent scheme, including instructions to cash cheques and share proceeds.
05
Court’s reasoning
Legal principles
- 01
Penal Code sections 302, 337, 342, 346, 347
A person who knowingly participates in a fraudulent scheme is criminally liable for the offences committed therein.
06
Ratio, limits and disposition
Ratio decidendi
The court found that the appellant was rightly convicted based on evidence that he was implicated in the fraud, including the extra-judicial confession and corroborating testimony, and that the trial magistrate was justified in rejecting the defence and convicting as charged.
Court disposition
appeal dismissed; conviction and sentence upheld
Source and reliance status
TZHC · 1 January 1973
This page organises the available record for research. Confirm quotations, current status, and subsequent treatment against the official source before relying on the case.
Judgment reading view
Judgment text
The complete available source text.
TZHC
Judgment· 1 January 1973
. .... :•: ; •. :; • V. V••VV V •VVVV V .n1 T:ui Ei: Cb diC OF LiZJ]L . .- V •V • T BY ,, •. V . ' • ,. r* V V JUiS)ICTIOI (by V1 e!try) V V • • 41 ,CU..198O • ,i V V:V ' . :V OiIG1N CJ1 'j C 4O 29 O 1979 VCJj:1 p. DISVV2:iM31i A.! V.V: V : V : V• BefQrev I K Btoyurga, icsident Lai - rate U THOBIAS BiIUNO SICOND 1üLLNT •V - r : V • • VV V V VliJS ; . - V • • 'VVVV • V, ' V• T1UVflEUJL.0 ......... CHG 1, 11, 21 ' Consipir-cy t defraud c/.3Ot df C V • V VV • 2,V512:i5 V • V• •(V; VV;ViVV:. V V • • •V 22, 25 -. Laking dac. nt 11thQu 11dil.1 V V' V .V V V • •V V V:! V'; .V V.VV V.,VV / 3464) Jr 3, 6, 1o, 17, 23,24 - Friudulent fJ.ic. of the I n&iCcio V 4 I ( I 5 15, 25 - Ii ii - f&c' cien 33(a) - and 337 of tht. . ial Co4 8s 1.8 r 2'6 Utcriri faI Oco.ñic1J i/342 and 3-7 of '- ,e I-ei . CodVe 1ç3; lZ Pori y 'a1e '3qL3. 3l7IOZ I.C. ic, 2Q y c/s . 3, 33 ic31.70pfC.1 113 3 II iV. :i' r j-i / 1 aLs r c/c 302 0± tn 3 o1 Codc V I 1) LI J;f A The app1ant Vas charged. jo±n].v wtth two o riisi he s td'ecoid accused. lis c.cacused were 'si Ithuan 1-t tcbbed) then akstorekeeper at the ivaerea Tcchiueal Sthodl, Rianda, 'rnd (rd. tccued) a bws m a:n ±ri Mbeya tiwn It wts t oscc ac htt the dpp41&Lt, 1who was an accounts clerir at e chooJ., cohpiiva with }is co-ccused Ao. ôefrd th 4gereza. ThLt± he rparei I 0 'c -quiihg th third acctts tsupp]y tber t4 th. sQoL OY s4enth of L O the third acøtsed
próêhbed a I'J. r' -t. sth. Ol 34, OU/ ibh he as P'&dr Whoteak . no tibblei were in f cd &o 1 Pipe114nt I an3!thO *-,33 two i cn *C rioo - .3 Ii 31 1 IV (2) • ax.ie sevraly in counts 6, 7, 10, 16, 17 and 20 of fraudulent accounting and forgery; jointly with the..first accused in cotirlts 2, 12 0 22 of fraudulent accounting and Iorgery; jointly .wih the third accused in cdunts 5, 15 and 25 of making false docuents. and jointly alithree in counts 1, 9 9 11, 18, 19, 21..and. 27 for conspiracj, procuring false documents uttering and finally in count 28 of obtaining money Shs.34,600/ by false pYetenes. In his defence the appellant argued that he piepared.theL,P.Oa in question on the orders of the ptorek?eper,,. the first aceised, .who.was responsb1e, for purchasi%r goads on behalf of the. Principal of. the school. Likease he processed the paynents when tne LID were brought with invoices. That. the first accused had endorsed the certifiontes on theL.P.Os that the g'oods had. bcen ieceived in good condition. Under such a situation he had nothing to do but to pay. In short, he was acting bong fid.e and had no knowledge of the fraud if there was any The trial magimte d.iamiased, the defetice an convicted. him as charged 11e septonced hith t various concurrent jail 'tetms, the hihe.t being five yars in count 2& Hence this appeal J. The trial makgistrate . waa l sitisfied that the goods
illeged to have beh %bought on LPOs 841053, 841055 and 76727 were ne'ter delivezed to thc ohoo]. I sip of the vier that on the cideice the nagitrate was jutified. ThL ct 1-iar issue before th.. coiu.t vas ih tiler the appellantwas implicat€cl in the fraud. To this -end the rocecntiqi produccd an extra judicial confession bv Alhe ira -ic'ieu In it he said ilL had supplied the choc1 with tiLibLi vaued Shs6OU/=, ien h i.rt to ieceive payment the ap11art g ye hiri to iq t JJfl )LS ien he enquired about this ecLsv alLunt tl a 1 pl1n told Iuin that other • . . .. 1 . • mohey wa for tner cIaiL.at a hia sup1ied d. and other items to the sohool All tnt he'(3r1 ausd) is reqt i_cd to do w tocash the heque, take his aa1 .tun tnL bdan She 28,000/ to the appe11ant This h i I. r viun --afehinL zoya (P.li), an inspector of i K-in -ir I - He il tho apallt and. the thiru accuo er. a an / nted to cash two cheques, one ts t ut ir h l2,O0C/,'ad the oer for Shs 12,000/J t n - -1_ UL 3rd. o.oci1d told the witness t t tij n rc I w satisfied - the aIel1nt -. intres t t } ci .. 3rd. accused. r T /or'i C o was LnuL v t c 3'I accused I th+ tlu c I a appe11ants 1 C tha+ i • s ..ct na _t.flC • i_ J t ,;• £ s rightly cb ictC ' ' .+ • r ii ii S enr+: . • I • ....... • I.
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