19920817 TZHC Dodoma

C ~lIHINL.L LPP!:!!.L rm. 44 .JF 1990 (FR"'H Tff~ J:;CISitN ~Ji' r.rH:-; DIS~~JICT c··uJT OF !'.ILNYOl!I LT MLNY'':!H IE. cnn~IPLL CLs:-~ 1n. 43/1989) .... WILIDR:GD NY/;,.. ,rrno • • • • • • • VGl"DUO • • • • MJJ/. I,,Y.81..:.~!Y.~ 0 } • • _:. ~c a.ppollru1"t Wilfred a/o Nya.ombo wo.n eha.rgod with □ ovon counts a.t F1onyoni Dintrict Court. Thoro wore of four ccuntcL .'wrongful confinom0nt c/□ 253 of tho Pona.l C6do Co.p. 16; two counts of obtnininG money by fa.loo proton.cos c/s 302 of tho :,:onc,l Coc.k C::i.p. 16 und orio count ofdcma.nding r1onqy ·with iJOna.cea with intent to □ tool c/o 292 of tho Ponnl Code Cup.

16. Ho wa.o o.cquittod on the 7th,oo.unt of obto.ining money by falno protcncos., but conviotod on tho rent of tho counto. On tho four counts of wrongtfrul confinomont ho W[.'-0 oontoncoc:i. to a. fine of shs. 2,000/.. for onch count or ono yoo.r imprioonmont on defa.ul t oft ho fino. Jn tho 4th count of. domunding p-roporty wj.th mono.cos a.11c1 on tho 6th count of obto.ining money by fc.lno pr0toncon bG wna scntoncod to fi vo yon.rs imp!-i oonmont for onch count a.lloeodly under tho Minimum Scntoncca :~ct No. 1/1972. Tho two sontonccrn wore ordered to run concurrently. .t1.nd no a.ppollant wo.o nskod to spend nine yoa.ro in priaonas ho fnilod to pay tho fine. He is now a.ppoa.ling a.guinst convictiono nnd tho oontcnco • • •• • • /2 I " 2 - It ,-v w conm. ~ 1 g1 ound ut tho v.1i.L.O.l tho.t tho o.ppellnnt wo.s omp1c ,_rod nr. ; '.farc1 So:~rctnry of !-bj iri wa.rd in Ua.nyoni -ji.strj.ct _ By virtue of hio position us Wn.rd Socrotu: :r., tho c.ppollo.nt io n Ju □ tic0 of·•bhc pea.co. 0 On tho n:tght. f 9/2/1989 oix hoG.ds of cattle belonging to Ndunyc.., s/o Hucla.lnla. (P1'1,,14) c.nc.1 two hca.c1a of ca.ttlo belonging to Ch~.,.:.. lL::','.:;to s/6 Nkutilrumi (?U.7) wore otolon f~:>(lm thd.!' kra.ulo" When tra.cing · tho tra.il of tho stolc1 •. c . . . :~tlc '.:~~oy found oomo of their cnttlo in tho bt:r: 11 \T:i...i:-1: ~.;wo p.::roono hording thom, o.ncl ono of them wa J I

.sulicho,, T: .o two p0roons rnn a.wa.y. However t'l:1 ='I know tha.t i/usulicho wa.o tho son of Siga.ni o/? Nollo {I'W.,1). So Nuoulicho wo.s reported to tho v:: L Socrotary o.nd tho t'nrc':. 'Socrotn.1--y, .. -~n ✓ ·1 ?-✓i-•9°9 I 0 tho npp0ilr.1.bt o,:mt mili tiumoti to arrest tt-: f a.th0r of th.:., ouopvct J:Iuoulich·0:, a.s well 0.0 tho me. t 1,.::::;."' of .1.1/ V C so.id suspect nnd the · tvifo of '• Knduo r1/ (rH:,5) o.nd tho auspcct'a ·w':i:.fo tho t-.rnrd f ·· .,t::i.ry tho o.:1polla.nt. nhon thoac three nrrivod : i ··"-Pi.,cc, t'10 nppolJ.imt locked thom up in thu g , lo~,;-.1 of thu• C. C,.rI. Jffico which a.ctoc1 no n. lock .... u, r ~ ·· tolc.1 th0m · :;ho.t ho would not roloci.so thorn imt. -~· o.rrcst0d. 3 L-.tcr N~ ~bu~rn. o/o Hollo (?Wo2) tho young broth~r G ~:~""~ /o t~ll9 (P.W. 1) nrrivod at the loclr-up . 1c1 pl on,. :d with tho nppollcmt to roloa.oc tho thro,, porsonj_; rcm::.mclod. ThG a.ppclln.nt told him thn.t ho •.roulcl not rol00.so them until ho pa.id abs. 10,000/- to buy their rolecwo or a.a ba.il. The anic.1 n·l"2 borrowed shse 10,000/- from hie villo.gomatc one Mr. l(nsimbo. o/o Nkunguni {PI-T.6) with which ho went to :f:i-:o tho nppolla.nt. r.rhen nppollo.nt ho.d oo.t"lier .demanded ·; :..,, m'._''l"l ?~ ""'.'.:'om ::iw.2, a. witness ono MI'• Muzajibilt.\ (I'W.8) wo.L prosonto i:..nd whon i?W.2 brought tho money this rw.a ·,;,ua present a.s well

o.s tho village Socrotney Mr. Uicharj a/o Shomi (?N.10). according to PW.~O ho count or cho monc:y ho recoi vod from ?t'l. 2 and ha.ndod it ovor tc tho appollo.nt._ That wns in tho presence of rw.o, 'I'.1a.t wns around 6000 p.,::i,. of 11,,2.1989 nnd a.11 the ttr oc romc.ndoos wcro roloc.sod from tl1c lock-up o.rt·or the c-;,pollo.nt got th0 shs. 10,000/.... On 12e2o1909 at 8000 o..m. tho suspoct's fo.thor Sigo.ni s/o Hollo (?io1) wont to soo tho o.ppollnnt it ho coulcJ. refund tho aha. 10.,000/- o.s promised tho provioun dcy, that howould refund tho money once tho suspect W8.l o.rrostod. Tho old ma.n PW.1 tolc1. the nppolla.nt thn.t tho auopcct (hi □ son) ho.d a.lrondy boon a.rrosto.c! on tho evening of 11.2.1909. The o.ppclla.nt wa.s nnnoyod by thnt dcmo.nd unc1 so ?W.1 wo.s a.i3a.in locked up in tho Qo-down o.nd wns rolcnsod on the ncxt-da.y a.t 1.00 p.mo Tho appollr.mt rofusod ~c 1.,ofund tho money. Uori.nwhilc Uyo.mbuya. o/o Hollo (Pl1'.2) refunded \ th0 ohs. 10,ocro/- on 1202.1909 thnt ho ho.cl borrowed tho proviouo da.y frot1 Ilo.oimbo. s/o !Jkunguni (PW.6) o.nd the s::tid :2Wo6 confirmod it. • •••• /4 Tho villa.go sccroto.ry :2U c 10 wo.s p, ,_, e:nt when nppcllnnt locked up ?W .1 for domnndinr, tho refund of shs., 10 ;,000/- on 12"2(11989., He snid tho.t it wns thG policeman D/Sgt. Hsnngo (:i.)We11) o.ncl ~·. . 11 s~:i.~6 :i.c.1jutory o/o L.drinn {PWo12J who roloo.sod

~U,,1 on 13.,2:,1909 a.t 1o00 Pomo when they !lppcurod to invostie;a.tc tho conduct of·tho a.rpollant., Now wo iook o.t tho ovidonce concerning tho 6th Count of obtnining by false pretences ~f1oc 25,000/... , .Accorc1ing to Mr. Hdunyn s/o Ma.dulnlo. (I'lJ,, 14-) tho six hca.c1s of cnttlo that hnd beon .stolon from his kra.o.1 belongucl to ono th"c Mo.oo.ka. s/o Fnc1c,lo (PW.13) / On 16/2/1989 · tho a.ppcllo.n~ wroto o. letter l,Dc,h,o]JJ. to PW.13 nsking him to bring shso 25,000/- for po.ymont to tho militinmon who hc.d done thu ta.sk of trncing tho stolon cnttlo., Tho so.i(, I'll!.; 13 borrowed the shs. 25 1 000/- from o. cortesin ~'..ro.b cr..llod Yo.kubu s/o Uohrunodi '.?t1o3L, Tho : .. ro.b on 20/2/1989 produced tho money nnd pa.id to tho a.ppclla.nt the: shs" 25-!000(- . in the ptr?,Jscnco of Hro lfr1.unya. s/o Ho.dn:.o.la. (:i?W 0 14L, :md on 21/2/1909 Ho.s&ika. o/o Uadclo {?l'J;;p) in tho · refunded ~ho .shs o 21:iD 000/- to the.,'.' ro.b PW.-~ in .the·. . · /!rosonco of' t110 i.l"uo·EJ oon Iloha.r:ioc\1 0/0 Ya.kubu (PWe15). Hhcn tho 1ppcllant got tho rnonoy ohs~ 25,000/- ho did not S)Ond it o.11 to defray to tho m:i.lltia.monll According to ono of tho mili tia.mon Ifr o Ga.bricl s/o Kuwe paid · (?W.4) tho Clpfolla.ntLthom only· shoe ~\, 500/...,,, Tha.t .wa.s tho ovidonco incriminating tho a.ppollunt~ 5 The appellant cave sworr: ·d.dence at the trial. As regar<.ls the

oi':fenc es of w::•ongful confinement the appellant contended that he had -tho l"ight to put the three relatives of the suspect because they were guilty of an offence of assisting the suspect Musuliche to escape. He said that he had information that they had collected money to give to the srisp~ct so that he could escape~ So he contended that he had the right as a justice of the peace to lock thera up., As regards the shs,. 10,000/.... the appellant denied to have had cler.ianded. the same wl th i.ntent to steal~ He said that he had just instructed the village village sacretury PW610 to release the _three persons 1 on payment of cash bail of shs~ ·10.1 000/-~ He said that. he dt_d not receive tho co.sh. ·,"c_ of sb:s.·10 1 000/... but that the village Secretary PWo 10 recr.d ved it. As rega1"ds the confinement of PT:/'-' 1 when he demanded the r0fund ofshso 'iO;,O()r-,,/.,.. on ,?/2/89 9 the apl?ellant cave no explanation at all at. the trial e Appare_ntly he was denying that he · hnd ever locked up Pt·J o 1 on 12 '-' 2 o 89 As reesards the shs-: 25., 000/-. ; ·,:.....:: :-.1.ppellant den.ied to have ever derimnclod that sum,. He SJ.id that he had only told. Ndunya s/o Nadnlala. (PtL 14) to hring shs. 2 1 000/- to pay to the militiq.men ,1.nd that he did. He said that he was never pa.id shs., ~ijc000/- by the Arab P~J.3. He said that PUl',3 was n liar who wanted· to. reap where

he had not sowno "" ""/6 -· 6 - In my judgmGnt I will start with the last count (6th count) of o·btaining shs,. 25,·000/~ by false pretences • . I am of the consLdered view that this count was proved b-,yond o.ny reasonable doubt. The mon~was pnid to the appellant by the Arab PW. 3 in tho presence of lT<lunyo. s/o Mo.de.lo.la (PW,14)• There is no reason us to why PU,3 o.nd PW, 14 should ho.v0 lied a.go.inst the a.p-:_Jellnnt. After all there is a letter ]!xp~J:.,.1. which nppellnnt had written demanding to be pa.id the shs. 25,000/- so tbt'Ui- he could pay the militiamen, Tho.t letter corroborates the testimony of both Pl-J .. 3 and iitT.14, The fa.lse pl'etence by the appellant was that he would pay the money- to the militiamen for the goocl job they had done, lHowever he nevori pc.id out that money to· the militit\mr:m, Accol"dins to one of the militinmen Mr, Gabriel s/o Kuwe (?W.4) they· were pa.id only abs• 2, 500/- by the appellant, There is no reo.son as to why PW.4 should have lied against the appella.nt. Tho appellant ha.c1 demanded the shs"'25 1 000/- so that. he could defrand the comnlainant whose cattle had been stolon. In my considered view tbe offence was proved beyond any reasonable doubt, I now c;o to the 4th count of demanding property with menaces with intent to steal c/s 282 of the Penal Code. The three persons that were remanded had .committed no offEmce·,

Tho appellant had locked them up oo· that their relative, the suspect Husuliche could show up. In the circumsto..nces thc.t confinement was anwarranted. And the demand o:fco.sh bail o.s claimed by the appellunt wns not co..llod for, o.s the three persons had committed no offence, I therefore agree with the trial magistrGtc thnt appellant had demanded the ·shs. 10,000/- with menaces with the intention of stern.ling it. This count wo.s as well prcved, - 7 As regarc1s the four count-· cf wrongful confinement, I also find that the same were proved ~ beyond any reasonable doubt. As stated earlier the three pe1"sons hnd committed no offence •. }~ven if they had committed nn offence of assisting an offender to escape, the appellant as justice of the peace had no right to lock them up before ~£9ll3~.!j.).e_,J',l',§l,.~......OJ2..~ and a_cJ1ar,_z<L she_e_t;_ wa_s_.,c1::.:~..EJ2. concerning the offence alleged to have boen cornrnitted - see the proviso of §...'?.0 lli.E...2£.J?..f~E2-1!a.Jti.s,12£,;?,.t_~:~.92.B~~~.'!?~PP.•• .?J..1..913.4.!. In similar circumstunces justices of the pence were imprisoned when no ca.se file wns opened and no charge bo.d been drawn up - S8e r-lapig8.no J. in the case of l.9..!,flR.h!l.tJ:.fili~..YE~••.11~-~.l-L~t91U. ~°IJ_ J.l•-t~. -~- and· 0 Lugo.kingi1•0. J. in tho case of •u.-.=:,.s~~•---~.-....~~~ :::~rn8st Lasele

Vi-'s• Q..~o.tno.,.s/.2..,~rsi,.nn_~~e~)...L~.9J~Ll. .1.~:.t-.:~~•-~--".s.h. Therefore 'e,he confinement was po.tr-mtly unla.wful. The appellant had no defende in la.w, As r03nrds sentcncos I notice thnt tho trial magistrate err0d when he said that the offences of demanding property with menaces nnc~ · obtaining money by false pretences, fn.11 unc1e1'"' tho IIinimurn Sent,mces Act N'o. 1/1972. The offence of demanding property with menaces c/s 292 of tho PenQl Code is not a scheduled ~----......- ....... -- . , . -er- ...........$ . . . Q!_f.enc,e_,, While the offence of obtaining money by false pretences c/s 302 of the Pennl Code Cnp. 16 fnlls under the Uinimum Sentences Act only if the p_roperty or money In the cn.se at ho.nd, the shs. 25 1 000/• wns not obtuined from o. specified nuthority but from a.n i:~c1:-i vi(luo.l person. Therefore the sentences ha.veto be reviewed • ••••• /8 8 . . Be that [~s it may, the a.pp o~;l s ago.inst conviction have to be dismissed, However the nppenls ago.inst sentence on the 4th nnd 6th counts have to be ullowede I dismiss the appeals against convictions on all counts. As for sentencea, I set a.side the 6th sentences on the 4th nnd~ounts ::md substitute therefft: a. sentence of one year• imprisonment for each of the two counts. ~~he two sentences to run concurrently• The sentences onwronesful confinement under count No. 1, 2., 3 o.nd 5 sha.11 rGmain undisturbed,.. Save for the variation in sentence& indicated berein above, the a.ppenl is dismissed" Orc1er accordingly. 17/8/1992 Court: . •--~...... - The juc1gmunt deliv0rod in chambers at Dodomn in the pi!?esence of the appellant nnd in tho peesonce of Hre Nwo.mbe Sto.te Attorney. ..JUDGE .._. . 17/8/1992