20171215 TZHC Dodoma

\ . lN THE HlGH COURT OF TANZANIA DODOMA n1STRICT REGiSTRY A'ti>OiJQMA . . . . home. village at Msurtguzi. That he parked his car near his brother's farm. His brbther's rtarne was Ansigal Mak:ala. He ·claimed that while there, Yoel Kidile assaulted him. That Yoel i: "ORIGINAL''. . . :·.·Kidile pulled him outside his car, and then Yoel Kidile stayed" in the middle of the road btit they managed to use another · route and left to his sister's house. ·A while later Yo~l Kidile Balila to the tune of TH.z 1,500,000. There were no orders as to costs. Following the Judgment a Court broker was appointed, artd he attached three cows belonging to Yoel Kidile. The cows 2 . "ORIGINAL;' were sold at THz 740,000. Yael Kidile was aggrieved; he filed ah ·appeal raising 6 grounds of appeal. All his grounds of appeal are the grounds for appeal on a criminal case No. 1 of as the same has a lot of ambiguities because he stated that he was assaulted on 25/ 1/ 2011 but without stating the reasons he reported the matter before Police on cV 3 "ORIGINAL'' f), . 1/12/2011, {17 days) while the Trial Magistrate in the Judgfnent wrote that the respondent reported the matter before the police station next day; 3. That the Hotwtable Court err;ltil~,1~~ i .ti II !I 'I! II 1 and in law 11 ,~act to · decide the case basing 011JI!~ heatsaIDll!iiu,idence because 11 . . . 11111 11 : ' 1 ljlllll111 t. · .. · ·· . . - . . . - - ihe people who_the respon\~I st~;,rwi,,that tli~ll~elped hzm_ When he was ass~ll m11d did n3'11~~ify before thJ l~burt; 1111111ii 1111111111111111111 ' 'llii1111 -11111r ,11111111111111111 I 11111111 , ,11111111111,11111111111111, 1, 'o,. .

4. That th~ ~flnoraw,z~I Cou)~r,ed in fact and in law to kip in 1 111,1 ,11111· I 11,11 11rn 1,111,1111, I 111 . . ,1·1'i~Wtn . ., I ll~~n;izniil111 u:lase al~1111wrZl1i1 as at the ClVll case the 1111 I llililll II IIIJi . •1111111 1l!ls,tatement d~ljthe n4~P,ondent's driver who states that as 1 11 lli111 11111 '11111, the l~rspondenn~>s driver he did not see the respondent 1 111111 II I' assault~~l1bwnjH,, e Appellant and told the court what really 'I !I '' 111111 1 happened; 4 ::.- . ' ''0R1GlNAL'' . ' () ' .•:- 5. That the· honorable court ert~d in jact and in ·law to. · the .•·. case ih favor of the respondent basing. on the judgment of Criminal Case judgment which had a lot of doubts because that judgment failed to questidn h;w comes the · respondent tepofted to police st~,,~~I• 17 days from the date of the. iftciden.t and Pl"f f11:i111~J111mr1,tors report to be . prepared. . 11IJI I 1 . . lillj~IJ .. . . . . 1111i, ·11~11 1111~,, . . .. . .. . . . .. illlll ~!!lll1l11111u. IIJii_lllj 11~11111,, . ... . lllli, ..

6. That the Honorable ~riffirt emrrr,~,~n ZclilJ¾fjfand zn fact to zgnore all evidr1~, wwM~Hl~l[J1. ·I,, I' •111w . ~duce~l1pY, .1,~~W11~1wgJ~~t ,,,,. •1·1 Ii' 1 .,••!iii• and considers . . I 11IIWl11l11;,;I; 1µ~111mrmllif1ltt11tt1;,~:~~~td them with merits. ,1,1 the a~*iel. sf~~@p grou~!!ts of appeal relates to the 1 1 l lu 1111111 1. . ~11111 findmJ.1~ri ~nrrnn~ 1 . . . . 11 rse ~b. ~ of 2011 f~r which ~h~ Appellant .. . . . never app~~h'<fid aglst. This Court 1s not s1tt1ng as an 1 11 ' ·,' ,, '' ' ', ' 1111 1,11111111 • • ' ' . . ' ' ' ' ' ' appellate CourtllJw a dec1s1on of Cnm1nal Case No. 1 of 2011; and cannot therefore re-evaluate the evidence presented ' ' during Trial of Criminal Case No. 1 of 2011. This Court will ·therefore consider the issue of whether or not the Trial 5 "ORlGINAL''. ·Magistrate was correct in awarding compensation to the respondent in Civil Case No.21 of 2014. As explained herein above, the Appellant was charged and 'convicted with the offence of common assault; the Respondent on the othe~ hand' ~led a ci~l cla:l~~,i~e tort assault. The· ..·. respondent 1n a civil case was nlel qfil1red lll!@l·flprove 11 the tort of • ' . . . .. assault at the Civil Court. TM~,I Pl.a1nt in the ~i~1it1I suit pleaded· . , , 1111 I~ . 11 t . . '•I 1 I '1111 h. f . b . d h 1111111 . . ,,,lli!, fillll111 . 'd I . 1$ cause O act10n ~~1!111r on t e ~j~·.i' case a

or.1t1t?1 . t 1$ therefore clear that the ~,;JWmbi~dent's 1 il ~aun for damages in the . . ·. .. , 1111· I ' •111111r1 ' , , '!11111 . . . suit resulted.~fiJ:1@'.t1tri11th' e. as~ault IDm1''1~IJ11iel heall11Q,'.ompletely on the • 11 11,1111~11111~11111111 I'. ,,,,,, ' I if III ' t1 11111, ' i I' • • • • ,;ill Judgment orllffi ~min. hnas. e Ndl!Jj~,,.gf 2011.ll!lt tnal dunng a civil 'I 11 111 1 1 1111 I Ill ' clai·mllt\)l:mltlerltlof J~11ii~U, l\h!l~lilfjespd~dent did not present his key rlilll. um 1111111111111 • .. , ' 11111 . . '·-II IIHII .''IIP. . . . . 1 w1~JMot>.·ses. He ~J!l1led clM~letely the decision of the Criminal · Wh ·,111111 ·111 II •rrn,11 Cas~. illillllil , 1111. 1111111 ll!iiill '1, .. jI At the Tri~lli!n,11M.ll11 11 ivil suit the respondent did not prove the '111111111 ' damages he has suffered to entitle him specific damages. The record reveals that when the Respondent was testifying he never produced any document in proof of special damages or exemplary damages. 6 "ORIGINAL" I have carefully considered artd re~evaluated the evidehce tendered before the trial Court in the Civil Case. The Respondent having pleaded his case, he did not adduce any Be produced evidence showing how he sustained the injuries. · the judgment in the said Criminal easel · these was admitted as Exhibit ,d PE¼lj~fil~#fh'dy. These are the the P3 Forrn and 1 1111111 . . 1111111 . sam. · e

documents referred to b)fl ije tnal Cou:H~lm th. e Judgment 1 • . . . • 111 ~ : _ . . . ' '111111111,, and are 1n support of the 1nJur1b~s, 11 1n th~IIPlaint. 9:i'iBI.erefore the 111 . . . .11111 h ' . . I~ lll.!h111!.! 1111 I• '' "'11 1 . respondent was able to) ~ilf~fJe the 1nJ1!ilfils~S he has suffered from 1111 . . .· qllt I 1111111 . . 1111 . . . . R<igalfi!fa1g -l~ 111111Jli!llll!l!ll11!1111 ~~l!1111Aw™~s . tIDl r1' . ,1111111111 'I! !II Respondent prayed for z " 11111 II . 111111, ·. . I lh11.,, 11111 I th e. lnJunes . . . eXi_~W.P ary a~mages,:1·11 as a resu 1t O f h .e ·,w·1 ·111111·· '\I •' '! l1111Ul . H... e pr~.'Ir~,.,ed 1l%1i sustain~ui,• for d. amages . . 1n t .h e tune. o f THz . 111 1 111 11 11111 3 , S·o· o'.oo·o fo;J[lllt I•11·I! ·1y h.arm-· an d partl ! h e .•~ ~~1 1 · · ·a1 1.n. · capacity. · · He · also · . . 1 11 . 11111 11111 . . . . . . prayed for damlages 1n the tune of THz 5,500,000 for humiliation, defamation and lowering his reputation artd status in his community. Jr 7 "ORIGINAL'' . . . . The plaintiff claimed exemplary damages a the tune of THz 9,000,000. I-le did not however establish as to what damages · he has suffered artd to what extent. Damages are awarded for the actual 1 lill~!s suffered, artd not for the loss which is tontemplatec:!,11~~tllW~rpondent was dllty 1 bound to establish. in evidertj1flll~w.u1 1os~ s~f}Jw~mt,. enable this c. .

ou.rt to award .him .d.. amages flijor hi.s1l.1Pf1Juneslli~d .lo.· ss of 1 . reputation and defama\ttuo~1,IIThere 111!'.lh .. is mm, such evidence given by IIJllll1i1lllll1 . llttr . . 111 1 1 11 . , '• , , ,, ,, , 11' '. Huu I , , •. ,, '111 the tespondent (who wa8'1!m.e J1Ulii1i1tiflJ toll~Inow that 1;b1,- he has 111 , , ,1Hf lllllU1i1111i ' If1111 .,, ·1'llllf 111111 '' 1111 1 , .suffered an~l~~ag~1 'llji,1Ill I 'lll!i11i1• 111i111. ,111 111,1 1111111 1 ' . I111 lili111111111 I, 11111111111111111 ' 111111,, I • ' %11 . . 1ff3Mlli~e ther.Milar :. e nlli,llactual cV~ages suffered by the plaintiff, . 1 .. 'Ir t1•. liUJJk . ' 11111 . . 1111 . i . . . 1111 .~. . 1111m11 . d. 1 ''!Ill" h. . .. h . . ·. t.h e Siu\w . fi. t. quest10 ··1111 1 ..~'I II !o.r c~ ' 1111 1 s.,i 1 eratlon. t us is to. w at .. damages , 1 111 entiU~d to for the injuries he suffered, in the is the pl~~lMf . . . 11111, .. m1, . · 1 circumstances Jllilllll~ • The tetm 'damage' means the harm for loss suffered or presumed to be suffered by a person as a result of some wrongful act of another artd in common phrasing, the sti:tn of 8 "ORIGINAL"' money awarded by the Court to compensate damage is ca.lied 'damages'. Damages are pecuniary compensation recoverable by a person who ha.s suffered loss, detriment or injury to his person, property or rights, consequent to any wrongful act or omission or negligence of

anothffiffllil1 These may be compensatory ot punitive, depend~,~~?iijll whether these are awarded for actual loss mtiMld or a~lllljllllunishment or ,1111111w 'illltI contemptible conduct and to dMJ~~lfu turr,,r.ansgrJ~Wiipn. ·1111 I'·· llillJij 11111 111111, Ii :11111111, 1111 i1iu1 r. Damages ~alw·n~111IUl11~~iou~11ijj~,te~~~~Fillii111Tl'i~ij1fit1ay be nominal, actual or corolli ens~t~~,, con~1efi\1fl~rit~ial U I 1 Ltii'l~exemplary. 111111r 'fiU ·,1111 ow .. '" 1111111 1 11111 A 111111111111111111111!i. %1 ill '' 111111111111 Ii • %11 I 'l'.!I' Nom1nall11uamage,s, are 'I 111111 11 1 Iii! ~w.1aira.ed merely to vindicate a If JI' l~l~ht. 1111111 111111111 ' ,1111111 Ill 11 • Actu~llillor ccpi•➔pensatory damages are awarded to 1111111. l111lj II . . compensa.1t(~I ~i!le loss or 1nJury actually suffered. In a way it is a. re-compose to loss or injury suffered by a persort at the hands of another. In extent and quanturn these are calculated to equate the loss or injury actually suffered. 9 ''OlUGlNAL''. Compensatory or actual damages cbn,sist of both gerteral and special damages.· • General damages are the natural, necessary or the usual result of the wrongful act or ~c~~i:ertce . in questiort, . · which the law imp·•lies in ev ,1.'~u,,,~~ll®,n,1\1·.~.,ach 111 of cbhtract at . _ violation of legal rights. . , ,~~!I • . . ~llil !h ill1. 111111 . ' .. 111111111 I ! 1111111 I!•

I111111 ri11 ! 1 • Special damages·ll!IDPi1:,il1icompenIDl!lmon for special damage 11 1 111 ll1i 111111111 ! • • which 1s presumel\ll11iry l~~ll to ~~II natural but not '' 1111111 1 necess:··1 !.1 l!m11111mevitabl~,ffi,tt!IM!l~JI~~~~ ~ongful act, to be ''11111 l '111111 .' 111 It,,- ''lift I proved st~ill!hly a.imi are nof ~bio remote. 1 11111111111111111111111 ·•111111111,111111 II 111111111111 II I •111111, 11 ,111 II1lllu, ' .11111111 I ,J11h 11111, 111111 . 11111, • <!.l{llinsequentia11 'I 11111·· 111,, 111 ! 111, I dam.lages 'll!1" do not flow directly or imme'<illiately ffl~~,m the act of the party, but only from ··11111 I( I some o~ ,~l~Jsequences or results of such acts. • Exemplary damages are punitive in nature, increased in scale, awardable over and above what will barely compensate the injured party where the wrong done to -. ''ORIGINAL'' him was aggravated by circumstance of violence, oppressioh, malice, fraud or wanton or wicked conduct of the wrong doer. These are irttended to solace the plaintiff for mental anguish etc. If it is proved that a defendant has acted wilfully, maliciously ,i·1(3~11• fraudulently, the I Ill! plaintiff may be awarded such,j~~~ges. . I111 11111111 I I ·•1111111111ii,1 II The respondent in this cas€lt1rould 1 111 bJ~11,entitled 1 1 to ,mave , f 111111 11111 11 111111 exemplary damages if1l!~l:!!11had sho~l!l J!to the court tfiat

apart 1 . 11111 '!l i1 111111 111 • ,, 11111 . . from the tw:111i1ll~~l~s J~l11~;n~~~r1m111~1a11-~ij1fll, by the Cnmmal Court, the .~:m,FJeYlai1iml11must 'iii! , . ,!!hi 'Ht~!! 1·1rn1tltan:1s1Itt~11more ,w· ., ii' 1 by payment of '" 1111!11 ·1 11 1 . . Ju,; exemplary dam~~el s il,S liffi1m. TYr.fljlrespondent was not able to lr' 11 1,11111111111m1111111 ., . .11111.1 1!111 1111 111111111,11 _\ 111 Pr.1¢:v. that tti!Hll'1nJurt~'isl he sus(E~1ned caused h1m any loss. He . ,1 11- 1' ,, 1111 ·1,11 I ''Ill!' a1s~ l~~ed to pw~l\ef J~11no1 ss of his reputation and mental •1111111 i 'l~lh qP anguish tllill~ntitle ht!m any sort of compensation. 11111111111· 111·1111111 , 111, Based on the above, the appeal su.tceeds, and the proceedings; judgement and Decree of the District Court of Singida in Civil Case No. 2lof 2014 are quashed and set aside. 11 . (\ "ORIGINAL'' ·"' · \, · There will be no orders as to costs .. 12 .