[1999] UGHC 20

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: : : : : }{\b\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 DEFENDA}{\b\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 NT }{\b\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 \par }{\b\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 BEFORE: }{\b\ul\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 THE}{\b\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\b\ul\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 HONOUR}{\b\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 ABLE MR. J}{ \b\ul\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 USTICE I. MUKANZA \par RULING}{\b\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\b\ul\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 \par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16547260 {\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 Both the plaintiff and the defendant in this case are }{ \insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 co-directors}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 and hold equal shares in a limited liability }{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 company known as L}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 ebonnex (U) Ltd which was }{ \insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 incorporated}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 on }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 13}{\super\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 th}{\i\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 April 1989.

\par }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 The plaintiffs claim against the defendant was for an }{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 order}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 that the defendant do account to the plaintiff for the }{ \insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 business}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 of the company with effect from 1st September 1991 to date, in order that the defendant refunds shillings }{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 1,650,000/=}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 he embezzled from the company, an order that the defendant }{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 desist}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 s from excluding the plaintiff from the managing and }{ \insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 running}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 of the}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 company and an order for t}{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 he award of general and special damages. \par W}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 hen the matter came for hearing Mr, Mwesigwa }{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 Rukutana the learned counsel}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 appearing for t}{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 he plaintiff raised a preliminary}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 objection. He submitted th}{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 at the pl}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 aintiff brou}{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 g}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 ht this suit against the wrong done to him by the }{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 defendant}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 in the course of operating a company known }{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 as Lebbone }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 x Uganda Limited. His learned friend was at the mate}{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 rial time the company secretary}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 of that company. He was appointed so by a}{ \insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 resolution of the company made on 24}{\super\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 th}{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 April 1992 and registered}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 with the company}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 register on the same }{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 day. Article }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 3}{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 of the resolution reads that }{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 M/}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 S. Muhwezi and Co. Ad}{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 vocates becomes the company advocate}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 s}{ \insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 .}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 He had a copy of the resolution existed Mr. Muhwezi the }{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 counsel}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 appearing for the defendant rep}{ \insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 lied affirmatively. Mr.}{\insrsid1517349\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 Mwesigwa}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 continued that his instructions were that in the course of h}{ \insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 i}{\insrsid1517349\charrsid16547260 s }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 duties as a company secretary his }{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 colleague h}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 ad }{ \insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 opportunity o}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 n several }{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 occasions}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 to meet both the plaintiff and the defendant in a bid to bring }{ \insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 an}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 am}{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 icable settlement of the matter.}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 He discussed with the parties the matters in }{ \insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 controversy}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 in }{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 the}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 suit. He finds that at any }{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 stage his coll}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 eague might be called upon to testify in this case. Being a possible witness Mr. Muhwezi is not capable to handle the instant case on behalf }{\insrsid2047463\charrsid16547260 of the defendant. He referred me to the provision of Regulation 8 of the Advocates (professional conduct) Regulations 1977 r8 which}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 provides \'93N}{\insrsid2047463\charrsid16547260 o Advocate may appear before an}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 y court or tribunal in any matter in which he has }{\insrsid2047463\charrsid16547260 reason to believe that he will}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 be required as a witness to g}{\insrsid2047463\charrsid16547260 ive evidence extra\'85.}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 \rquote The regulation is mandatory and there is a cardinal principle of justice that justice must not only be done }{\insrsid2047463\charrsid16547260 but must be seen to be done, And}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 it was more practicable in this situation where his colleague having had cons and pros from both sides as a mediator he then s}{\insrsid2047463\charrsid16547260 upposes to represent one of the}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 parties. It is the practice of the court where an advocate has personal interest i}{\insrsid2047463\charrsid16547260 n the matter he disqualifies himself. He referred me to HCCS No.}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 650/91}{\b\i\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid2047463\charrsid16547260 Christopher Kayoboke}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 Vs. Dol Mugasha and }{\insrsid2047463\charrsid16547260 others where Dr, Byamugisha was disqualified from appearing for the defendant because as an advocate was likely to be called}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 as a }{\insrsid2047463\charrsid16547260 witness}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 in the same case. }{\insrsid2047463\charrsid16547260 Mr. Mwesigwa urged}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid2047463\charrsid16547260 this court to disqualify}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 Mr. }{\insrsid2047463\charrsid16547260 Muhwezi from handling the case for the defendant and prayed for costs of that day. \par }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 Mr. Muhwezi the }{\insrsid9707206\charrsid16547260 learned}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid9707206\charrsid16547260 cou}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 n}{\insrsid9707206\charrsid16547260 s}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 el representing th}{\insrsid9707206\charrsid16547260 e}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid9707206\charrsid16547260 defendant subm}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 itted that first of all the }{ \insrsid9707206\charrsid16547260 preliminary objection}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 both on point of law }{\insrsid9707206\charrsid16547260 and fact need to ha}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 ve }{\insrsid9707206\charrsid16547260 been pleaded specifically }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 by the plaintiff and }{\insrsid9707206\charrsid16547260 defendant}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 in the counter claim that }{\insrsid9707206\charrsid16547260 Muhwezi}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 was appearing for the defendant in the instant suit and was likely to be called as a witness to }{\insrsid9707206\charrsid16547260 a}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 void}{\insrsid10772032\charrsid16547260 embarrassment and being}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 taken by surprise but no such facts were pleaded. Order 6 rules }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 5}{\i\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid10772032\charrsid16547260 and 6 of the CPR}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid10772032\charrsid16547260 would now bar}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 the plaintiff from bringing the matter at this late hour of the}{\insrsid10772032\charrsid16547260 hearing. And}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 as an employee of the company and the company secretary h}{\insrsid10772032\charrsid16547260 e}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 is authorised and qualified to appe}{\insrsid10772032\charrsid16547260 a}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 r for the company. The}{\insrsid10772032\charrsid16547260 defendant is the managing director of the company. As }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 indicat}{\insrsid10772032\charrsid16547260 ed in the memorandum of association (which he headed in) }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 it was pleaded by the defendant that his acts as }{\insrsid10772032\charrsid16547260 managing director }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 are deemed to be the acts of the c}{\insrsid10772032\charrsid16547260 o}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 mp}{\insrsid10772032\charrsid16547260 an}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 y and}{\insrsid10772032\charrsid16547260 therefore}{ \b\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid10772032\charrsid16547260 he was not being sued}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid10772032\charrsid16547260 in his individual}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 c}{ \insrsid10772032\charrsid16547260 apa}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 city but }{\insrsid10772032\charrsid16547260 as managing}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 director of the company. As }{\insrsid10772032\charrsid16547260 such}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 he appeared }{\insrsid10772032\charrsid16547260 as counsel for the}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 company to protect the acts made by the Managing }{\insrsid10772032\charrsid16547260 Directo}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 r o}{\insrsid10772032\charrsid16547260 f company. In addition the com}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 pany is a party to this }{\insrsid10772032\charrsid16547260 suit}{\b\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 in the }{\insrsid10772032\charrsid16547260 counterclaim}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 where he also }{\insrsid10772032\charrsid16547260 appeared for the same. He denied}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 having known the two parties personally but rather }{\insrsid10772032\charrsid16547260 a}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 s }{\insrsid10772032\charrsid16547260 direc}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 tors of the }{\insrsid10772032\charrsid16547260 company}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 . Thirdly he did not participate }{\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 in the arbitration}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 his role }{\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 was that of a company secretary.}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 He was rathe}{\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 r }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 an administrator of the company. }{\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 \par }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 Fourthly he had not received any notice from any bo}{\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 dy }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 to appear}{\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 a witness in this case and tha}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 t day was a }{\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 hearing date. His learned friend filled a form consenting to the hearing of the case on that date on behalf of their respective parties and both of them agreed that they would not be calling any witness. So it was not true that he would be called as a }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 witness. He t}{\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 endered in court the consent for}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 m signed}{\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 by both}{\b\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 counsels. He continued tha}{\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 t the authority cited by his 1ear}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 ned frien}{\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 d was not applicable to the pres}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 ent situation }{\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 because}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 Dr. Byamugisha }{\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 who}{\b\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 was a party to the suit cited appeared as counsel for himself and for other parties and }{\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 it w}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 as held that he was likely to }{\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 appear}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 as one of the witnesses to }{\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 the suit}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 and therefore was disqualified. He argued that he}{\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 was}{ \b\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 not a party to the suit and the authorities cited do not apply to him. He finally submitted t}{\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 hat the prayer for costs for tha}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 t}{\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 day}{\b\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 was}{\i\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 misplaced s}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 ince costs should have been in the cause since both parties were in attendanc}{\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 e. He prayed that the preliminary}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 object}{ \insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 ion of his learned brother be overruled. \par In reply Mr. Mwesigwa Ruku}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 tano submit}{\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 ted that there wa}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 s no }{\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 m}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 erit }{ \insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 whatsoever}{\insrsid4529862\charrsid16547260 in his coll}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 ea}{\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 g}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 ues re}{\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 ply. Summing up w}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 hat }{\insrsid1590843\charrsid16547260 h}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 e had said culminated }{\insrsid4529862\charrsid16547260 in three p}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 roposition. First his } {\insrsid4529862\charrsid16547260 colleague}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 conceded that he i}{\insrsid4529862\charrsid16547260 s}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 a }{\insrsid4529862\charrsid16547260 company}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 secretary, }{\insrsid4529862\charrsid16547260 secondly}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 that }{\insrsid4529862\charrsid16547260 the}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 company is actually a party to the suit and finally }{ \insrsid4529862\charrsid16547260 conceded}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid4529862\charrsid16547260 he}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 had dealt with the parties }{\insrsid4529862\charrsid16547260 not }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 as }{\insrsid4529862\charrsid16547260 individuals but as member\rquote s of the company. Looking at those three propositions it w}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 as cl}{\insrsid4529862\charrsid16547260 ea}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 r his }{ \insrsid4529862\charrsid16547260 colleague}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 had persona}{\insrsid4529862\charrsid16547260 l}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 interest in this case. I was }{\insrsid4529862\charrsid16547260 yet}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 referred to another case in the name of }{\ul\insrsid4529862\charrsid16547260 Babumba and 2 others}{\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 VS.}{ \b\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 Gua}{\ul\insrsid15670571\charrsid16547260 ba}{\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 S}{\ul\insrsid15670571\charrsid16547260 a}{\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 n}{ \ul\insrsid15670571\charrsid16547260 yu}{\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 Rep }{\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 1988}{\i\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 at Page }{\ul\insrsid15670571\charrsid16547260 119}{\i\ul\insrsid15670571\charrsid16547260 }{\ul\insrsid15670571\charrsid16547260 that}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 an advoc}{\insrsid15670571\charrsid16547260 ate}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 should not conduct a case wher}{ \insrsid15670571\charrsid16547260 e he was likely to be called as}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 a wi}{\insrsid15670571\charrsid16547260 tness. He continued that there was no need for him to plead that the counsel would}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 be called as a witness}{\insrsid15670571\charrsid16547260 in this case.}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 The elements of that fact bad been admitted by his colle}{\insrsid6190349\charrsid16547260 ague.}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 The contention that he has not been called as a }{\insrsid6190349\charrsid16547260 witness}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid6190349\charrsid16547260 i}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 s }{ \insrsid6190349\charrsid16547260 immaterial.}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 He had instruct}{\insrsid6190349\charrsid16547260 ion to call him a witness what t}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 he court should look at is whe}{ \insrsid6190349\charrsid16547260 ther he was likely to be called as a witness. That was a rational j}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 ustice principle. He }{\insrsid6190349\charrsid16547260 argued}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 that his l earned frien}{\insrsid6190349\charrsid16547260 d having failed to resolve the dispute}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 he should}{\insrsid1517349\charrsid16547260 not be allowed to take sides. }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 Because of the na}{ \insrsid6190349\charrsid16547260 ture of the reply by Mr. Mwesigwa where}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 he raised some n}{\insrsid6190349\charrsid16547260 ew matters Mr. Muhwezi was a1lowed to reply. He submitted that he did}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid6190349\charrsid16547260 n}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 ot have any interest in this }{\insrsid6190349\charrsid16547260 case}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 . Earlier on in the main objecti}{ \insrsid6190349\charrsid16547260 on the learned counsel informed}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 the court that he was likely }{\insrsid6190349\charrsid16547260 to be called as a witness but then}{\insrsid1517349\charrsid16547260 }{ \insrsid6190349\charrsid16547260 c}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 ontradicted himself}{\b\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid6190349\charrsid16547260 when he submitted tha}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 t he had }{ \insrsid6190349\charrsid16547260 instructions}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 to call him as a witness. He did not show such }{\insrsid6190349\charrsid16547260 instructions}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 to the court. He }{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 was}{\i\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 alleging that fact for hi}{\insrsid6190349\charrsid16547260 s}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 o}{\insrsid6190349\charrsid16547260 w}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 n malicious }{\ul\insrsid6190349\charrsid16547260 notio}{\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 ns }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 known to himself }{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 an}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 d }{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 he was disassociating himself from the consent form that no witness was to be called by the defendant. There was no proof that he had instructions to call him as a witness \par }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 It is }{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 a rule of practice and reinforc}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 e}{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 d}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{ \insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 by rule}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 s}{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 of }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 professional conduct that an advocate should not act both as counsel and as a witness in the }{ \insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 sam}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 e }{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 case except in formal or non contentious}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 matter}{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 s}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 see the Advocate (professional Conduct) Regulation 1977 R 8 Supra also}{\b\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 Francis Babumba an 2 others Vs. Erusa Bunja HCB 1988 - 1990 p. 119}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{ \insrsid1517349\charrsid16547260 a}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 nd in ano}{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 t}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 her }{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 case }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 of }{ \ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 Jaff}{\ul\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 eri}{\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 and another 1971 EA p. 1165. It was }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 held in that case that the rule of p}{ \insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 ractice that an advocate should}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 not act as counsel and witness in the same case is not }{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 violate}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 d until the advocate is called as a witness and it}{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 was further }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 held that the court }{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 can}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 not make an order to prevent an anticipated violation See: also }{\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 R Vs. Secretary of }{\ul\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 Stale for}{\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 India }{\ul\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 Exp Ezekiel 1941 AE R p 46 }{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 w}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 hich was }{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 quoted w}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 ith }{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 app}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 roval }{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 in Jafferis case supra. \par }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 According }{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 to the records Mr. Muhwezi is the company}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 secretary of Lebbonex }{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 (}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 U}{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 )}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 Ltd as}{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 per the resolution of th}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 e company }{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 dated 24}{ \super\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 th}{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 June 1992 of which he admitted }{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 was correct. The}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 written statement of defence an}{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 d}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 counterclaim sho}{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 wed tha}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 t he was appearing for }{ \insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 the defendant as a managing director}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 o}{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 f the co}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 mpany and the company itself. The plaint}{ \insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 iff and the}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 defendant }{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 are Co-directors}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 and as already indicated above hold equal shares }{ \insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 in the said company. However a company reg}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 istered under the company}{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 \rquote }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 s Act }{ \insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 as a corporation is a legal perso}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 n distinct from the individuals who are }{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 its members See: Compan}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 ies Act Cap 85. The }{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 consequence}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 of this is that the }{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 company\rquote s}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 debt}{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 s are those of th}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 e company and could not be enforced }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 a}{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 ga}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 inst}{\b\i\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 the members }{\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 Solomon vs. Solomon r co, Ltd. }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 The emphasis here is on the fact that the company is a separate person }{ \insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 from}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 its members}{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 . \par }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 From what has transpi}{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 red above Mr. Muhwezi is not lik}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 ely to be called as a witness}{\insrsid16732256\charrsid16547260 by either the plaintiff or defe}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 ndant. And even if }{\insrsid11825402\charrsid16547260 I might be wrong in so finding t}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 he rule that the Advocate must not act both as counsel and witness in to }{\insrsid11825402\charrsid16547260 same}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 case is not violated until the }{\insrsid11825402\charrsid16547260 Advocate}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 is called as a}{\insrsid11825402\charrsid16547260 witness}{\b\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 . }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 And there is also further authority t}{\insrsid11825402\charrsid16547260 o the effect that the court cannot make an order to p}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 revent an }{\insrsid11825402\charrsid16547260 anticipated}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid11825402\charrsid16547260 violation}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 . In the premises the lea}{\insrsid11825402\charrsid16547260 rned counsel for the plaintiff }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 as merely speculating that Mr}{\insrsid11825402\charrsid16547260 . Muhwezi was likely to be}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 called as a witness See: }{\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 Jafferis case above. }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 I do not therefore}{\insrsid11825402\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 subscribe to }{\insrsid11825402\charrsid16547260 the submissions he made over tha}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 t matt}{\insrsid11825402\charrsid16547260 e}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 r. }{\insrsid11825402\charrsid16547260 M}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 r, Rukutano referred me to the case of }{\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 Christopher}{\ul\insrsid11825402\charrsid16547260 Kayobaka . Vs. }{\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid11825402\charrsid16547260 Dr. Mugi}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 sha and 2 }{\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 others unreported where }{\insrsid11825402\charrsid16547260 Dr. M}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 ugisha w}{\insrsid11825402\charrsid16547260 a}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 s }{\insrsid11825402\charrsid16547260 disqualified from appearing for himself and two others. That case is distinguishable from the instant case in that\'85 this case and he was acting for the defendant as a managing director of the company as opposed to an individual and in that case he was not likely to be called as a witness.}{\insrsid3624979\charrsid16547260 Besides }{\insrsid11825402\charrsid16547260 that}{\insrsid3624979\charrsid16547260 ,}{\insrsid11825402\charrsid16547260 Mr.}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid11825402\charrsid16547260 Rukutano }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 in his first add}{\insrsid11825402\charrsid16547260 ress to this court submitted that}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 his learned brother was likely to be }{\insrsid11825402\charrsid16547260 called as a witness and at the same}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 time while replying}{ \insrsid11825402\charrsid16547260 to the submissions of Mr. Muhwez}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 i stated that he had by then }{\insrsid11825402\charrsid16547260 received instructions to call Mr. M}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 uhuezi as a Witness. However in the consent form signed y both }{\insrsid3624979\charrsid16547260 counse}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 ls in which the matter was fixed for hearing the }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 counsels}{ \i\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid3624979\charrsid16547260 ag}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 reed that the}{\insrsid3624979\charrsid16547260 y would be calling no witnesses.}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 It is inconceivable tha}{ \insrsid3624979\charrsid16547260 t counsel of that standing could}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 turn around and make such gla}{\insrsid3624979\charrsid16547260 ring contradictions that he intend to call any w}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 itness at the trial. I am of }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 the}{\i\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid3624979\charrsid16547260 view that was embarrassing}{\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 to Mr. Muhwezi and he was taken by surprise. The le }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 arned counsel should have stuck to his word. I seem to }{\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 be agreeable}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 with the submissions }{\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 of}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 Mr. Muhwezi t}{\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 h}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 at may be there were some mal}{\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 icious notions on the part of th}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 e } {\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 counsel}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 for the opposite party. }{\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 \par }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 This now brings }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 me}{\i\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 to consider the other aspects }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 of}{ \i\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 this }{\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 application.}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 Mr Muh}{\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 wezi submitted that the prelimina}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 ry objection sh}{\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 ould have been specifically pleaded}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 both in the}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 plaint and in the c}{\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 ounterclaim that the counsel wa}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 s likely to be called as a wi}{\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 tness. I was referred to Order 6 R}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 ule }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 5}{\i\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 of the Civil }{\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 Procedure}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 Rules. Rule }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 5}{\i\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 provides that}{\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 ; \par }{\i\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 \lquote }{\i\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 The defendan}{\i\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 t or the plaintiff as the case may }{\i\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 be shall rais}{\i\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 e}{\i\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\i\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 by pleading all matters which}{\i\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 shows that the act}{\i\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 ion or counterclaim not to be m}{ \i\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 aintainable or that the transaction is either void or voidable in point of law and all such grounds of defence or reply as the case may be or as }{\i\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 if not raised would}{ \i\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 be likely to take the opposite party}{\i\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 by surprise or would}{\i\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 raise issues of fact not a rising out of the }{\i\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 proceedings pleadings, a fo}{\i\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 r }{\i\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 instance fraud, limitation act,}{\i\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 release, payment, performance or facts }{\i\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 showing }{\i\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 illegality either by statute or common law\'94.}{\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 \par }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 In the inst}{\insrsid4851267\charrsid16547260 ant case the plaintiff did not }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 raise in his pleading that the counterclaim }{\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 w}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 as not maintainable b}{\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 ecause the counsel appearing}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 for the defendant was likely to be called as }{\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 witness}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 . The submission}{\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 therefore that the counsel for}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 the defendant was lik}{\insrsid1522076\charrsid16547260 ely to be called a}{ \insrsid4851267\charrsid16547260 s witness or that Mr. Rakutano had inst ructions to summon him as such took the learned counsel appearing for the defendant by surprise because that was not pleaded in the plaint that Mr. Muhwezi had admitted to the fact that he was likely to be called as a witness. There }{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 were no pleadings to that effect. That }{\insrsid4851267\charrsid16547260 disposes}{\i\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 th}{\insrsid4851267\charrsid16547260 e first aspect of this matter. \par }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 The secon}{\insrsid4851267\charrsid16547260 d aspect of this case concerned costs. M}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 r. Rukutano prayed fo}{\insrsid7823658\charrsid16547260 r costs for that day where as Mr}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 . }{\insrsid7823658\charrsid16547260 Muhwezi opposed the application. He was of the view tha}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 t costs for that day should have been costs in t}{\insrsid7823658\charrsid16547260 he cause.

\par }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 The general}{\insrsid7823658\charrsid16547260 rule is that costs shall follow}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 the, event unless the court for good }{\insrsid7823658\charrsid16547260 reason otherwis}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 e ord}{\insrsid7823658\charrsid16547260 ers. }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 This means the }{\insrsid7823658\charrsid16547260 successful}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 party is}{\insrsid7823658\charrsid16547260 entitled to costs unless he}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 is guilty of }{\insrsid7823658\charrsid16547260 misconduct or there is some other}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid7823658\charrsid16547260 g}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 ood cause for not awar}{\insrsid7823658\charrsid16547260 ding costs to him. The court may}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 not only consider the conduct of th}{\insrsid7823658\charrsid16547260 e party in the actual litigation}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 but matter which led up to the litigation See: }{\b\insrsid7823658\charrsid16547260 M}{\b\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 ulla on Code of Civil Procedure 12th Edition Pa}{\b\ul\insrsid7823658\charrsid16547260 g}{ \b\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 e 150 }{\b\insrsid7823658\charrsid16547260 See}{\b\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 also }{\b\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 Francis Butagira }{\b\ul\insrsid7823658\charrsid16547260 Vs. Deborah Namukasa Su preme Court}{\b\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 Uganda C}{\b\ul\insrsid7823658\charrsid16547260 A}{\b\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 P NO.6 of 1989 unreported. In Kiska Ltd }{\b\insrsid7823658\charrsid16547260 Vs. Ang}{ \b\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 elis 1969 EA}{\b\insrsid7823658\charrsid16547260 }{\b\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 6 Sir Clement Lestang Ag. P.}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 }{\insrsid7823658\charrsid16547260 reiterated}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 t}{\insrsid7823658\charrsid16547260 h}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 e same principles upon which an appellate court shoul}{\insrsid7823658\charrsid16547260 d}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 interfere with an award for costs made by the trial}{\insrsid1653160\charrsid16547260 .}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 See al}{\insrsid7823658\charrsid16547260 s}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 o }{\b\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 Odge}{ \b\insrsid7823658\charrsid16547260 rs on pleading and practice 9}{\b\super\insrsid7823658\charrsid16547260 th}{\b\insrsid7823658\charrsid16547260 }{\b\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 Edition }{\b\insrsid7823658\charrsid16547260 chapt}{ \b\insrsid1653160\charrsid16547260 er 26 P}{\b\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 .39}{\b\insrsid1653160\charrsid16547260 3.}{\insrsid1653160\charrsid16547260 \par I am of the opinion that the successful}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 party in t}{\insrsid1653160\charrsid16547260 h}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 i}{\insrsid1653160\charrsid16547260 s preliminary }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 objection was the party}{\insrsid1653160\charrsid16547260 entitled to the costs of that d}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 ay. The defendant was not guilty of misconduct }{\insrsid1653160\charrsid16547260 and there}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 was no other good reason for not awarding him costs of th}{\insrsid5471241\charrsid16547260 at day. \par }{\insrsid1653160\charrsid16547260 It would however mak}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 e a difference if the case had }{\insrsid5471241\charrsid16547260 take}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 n off and there was an }{\insrsid5471241\charrsid16547260 application for adjournment, the court migh}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 t have then used its discretion for sound }{\insrsid5471241\charrsid16547260 good reason}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 put forward for the }{ \insrsid5471241\charrsid16547260 adjo}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 urnment and award costs in t}{\insrsid5471241\charrsid16547260 h}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 e }{\insrsid1517349\charrsid16547260 cause. }{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 In the end having heard, the submissions of the learned counsels and the law applicable, the }{\insrsid5471241\charrsid16547260 preliminary objection by Mr. Mwesigwia Rukutan}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 o the }{\insrsid5471241\charrsid16547260 learned}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 counsel }{\insrsid5471241\charrsid16547260 appearing}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 , }{\insrsid5471241\charrsid16547260 for}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 the plaintiff that }{ \insrsid5471241\charrsid16547260 Mr. Muhwez}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 i counsel for the defen}{\insrsid5471241\charrsid16547260 dant w}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 as like}{\insrsid5471241\charrsid16547260 ly to be called as a witness and}{ \insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 therefore shou}{\insrsid5471241\charrsid16547260 l}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 d }{\insrsid5471241\charrsid16547260 not ap}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 pear for the defendant }{ \insrsid5471241\charrsid16547260 must}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 fail. }{\insrsid5471241\charrsid16547260 T}{\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 he same is overruled with }{\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 costs to the defendant. \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16547260 {\b\insrsid15470845\charrsid16547260 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li6480\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin6480\itap0\pararsid16547260 {\b\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 I MUKANZA \line }{\b\ul\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 JUDGE }{ \b\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 \line }{\b\i\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 15.7.199}{\b\i\insrsid16547260\charrsid16547260 9}{\b\i\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 \line }{\b\insrsid14288398\charrsid16547260 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16547260 \fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af36\hich\af36\dbch\af36\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\fs24\insrsid4204454\charrsid16547260

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