[2024] UGHC 259

### THE REPUBLIC OFUGANDA

# IN THE HIGH COURT OF UGANDA HOLDEN AT MBALE

## **MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATION NO. 425 OF 2023**

### (ARISING OUT OF CIVIL SUIT NO. 047 OF 2023)

EVA BUKANZA :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

#### **VERSUS**

1. JENSEN KEVEN JAY

(Suing through his lawful Attorney Tumuheki Moses)

- 2. BAMUKHWANA CONSTRUCTION COMPANY (U) LTD - 3. MBALE DISTRICT LAND BOARD - 4. COMMISSIONER FOR LAND REGISTRATION ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

#### **BEFORE: HON. JUSTICE LUBEGA FAROUQ**

### **RULING**

### 1. Introduction

- 2. This application was brought by way of notice of motion under section 98 Civil Procedure Act Cap 71 and Order 6 Rule 30 Civil Procedure Rules SI 71-1 for orders that; - (a) Civil Suit No. 047 of 2023 be struck off for being over taken by events, on accord of a cancelled certificate, land comprised on LRV MBA34 Folio 24 Plot 31 Sebei Avenue, Sebei Cell Mbale Municipality and - (b) Costs for this application and main Suit be provided for. - 3. Background - 4. The 1^st Respondent filed Civil Suit No.047 of 2023 against the Applicant, 3^rd and 4^th Respondents and others on 28^th of July, 2023 seeking for orders that; - (a) A declaration doth issue that the Plaintiff/ $1^{st}$ Respondent is the lawful registered proprietor of the suit land described as LRV MBA 34 Folio 24 Plot 31 Sebei Cell in Mbale Municipality,

- (b) A declaration doth issue that the $1^{st}$ Respondent/Plaintiff is bonafide purchaser for value without notice in respect of the suit land and property described as LRV MBA 34 Folio 24 Plot 31 Sebei Cell in Mbale Municipality, - (c) A declaration doth issue that the actions of the Applicant and $3^rd$ Respondents jointly or severally ordering the 4^th Respondent to cancel a certificate of title of the 1^st Respondent is illegal and altra vires, permanent injunction against the Applicant, exemplary damages and cost. - 5. However before the said suit was filed, the Applicant had petitioned the 4th Respondent, Commission Land Registration requesting for cancellation of a certificate of title which was erroneously created on land comprised LRV 34 Folio 24 plot 31 Sebei Avenue, Mbale Municipality, Mbale District issued to the $2^nd$ Respondent and later transferred to the 1st Respondent on 17th day of March, 2023 under Instrument No. MBA-00009479 without the knowledge of the Applicant as customary sitting tenant and without following the right procedure. After hearing from all the parties, on 3^rd November, 2023, the 4^th Respondent cancelled the $1$ ^st Respondent's certificate of title. - 6. Following the above background, the Applicant instituted this Application to struck off Civil Suit No. 047 of 2023 for being overtaken by events since the $1^st$ Respondent's certificate of title was already cancelled. - 7. This application was supported by the affidavit of **HILARY NDUNGUTSE** Applicant's attorney whose evidence has been considered in the determination of this application and briefly states that - a. The Applicant is bonafide owner of the suit land comprised on LRV 482 Folio 14 Plot 31, Sebei Avenue, Sebei Cell Mbale Municipality; - b. The Applicant purchased the suit land from a one Geoffrey Kyabihende Taban, with a subsisting lease of 49 years and subsequently registered the same in her names; - c. The Applicant immediately took possession, made renovations on the property and has since been using it as a commercial property; - d. The $2^{nd}$ Respondent in collusion with the $3^{rd}$ and $4^{th}$ Respondents fraudulently created another Leasehold certificate of title in respect of the

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suit land on 26th day of April, 2023 under Instrument Number MBA-00009329 and illegitimately transferred the same to the $1$ ^st Respondent;

- e. The $2^{nd}$ Respondent illegally transferred the same to $1^{st}$ Respondent and was registered on 17^th May 2023 under Instrument Number MBA-00009479; - f. In order to resolve the grievance, the Applicant petitioned for an investigation into an erroneous created certificate of title on the land located on LRV MBA 34 Folio 24 Plot 31 Sebei Avenue, Sebei Cell Mbale Municipality with the Commissioner Land Registration and other pertinent agencies; - g. The investigations into the aforementioned property revealed that the leasehold certificate of title created on LRV MBA 34 Folio 24 Plot 31 Sebei Avenue, Sebei Cell Mbale Municipality had been obtained fraudulently; - h. The Department of Land Management Administration, Mbale District Local Government held a meeting on 27^th June 2023 and resolved that the new title comprised in LRV MBA34, Folio 24 be cancelled because of gross irregularities and it was indeed cancelled on $3^{rd}$ of November, 2023. - i. On the 28^th July 2023, the 1^st Respondent filed Civil Suit No.047 of 2023 against the Applicant and others and the orders sought therein are already been cancelled and overtaken by events. - 8. This Application was opposed by the affidavit of **TUMUHEKI MOSES** the lawful attorney to the 1^st Respondent that has been considered in the determination of this application and briefly states that - a. The $1^{st}$ Respondent intends to raise preliminary objections to the effect that this application is incompetent and misconceived and that it is fatally defective; - b. The 1^st Respondent purchased the suit property from the 2^nd Respondent and transferred the same into his names; - c. The 1^st Respondent through his lawful attorney received a letter dated 05^th July 2023 written by the 3^rd Respondent ordering the 4^th Respondent to

cancel the Applicant's certificate of title on some allegations of alleged irregularities;

- d. The 1^st Respondent filed the main suit HCCS No. $047/2023$ on the 28^th July 2023 together with Misc Application No. 0237 of 2023 seeking for orders of temporary injunction and maintaining the status quo of registration of the subject matter until determination of the main suit where both the summons to file defence and those of the application were effectively served on the 4^th Respondent; - e. On 10^th August 2023 this court issued the restraining order and the same was served on to the 4^th Respondent; - f. Despite being served with the said court order, the 4^th Respondent went ahead and summoned the 1^st Respondent for a public hearing for recalling and cancellation of his certificate of title on allegations raised by the Applicant herein; - g. This prompted the 1^st Respondent to reply to the summons informing the 4^th Respondent that the matter is already subject to court orders and under court proceedings and investigation as per the pleadings served on to them and that it would be in breach of res-subjudice rule to attempt to conclude the same; - h. The 4^th Respondent adamantly proceeded to issue an amendment order dated 3^rd November 2023 recalling and cancelling of the 1^st Respondent's certificate of title of the suit property; - i. The 1^st Respondent's certificate of title was illegally inactivated from the system of the 4^th Respondent; - Therefore, the proceeding of the amendment order and the cancellation of $\dot{1}$ . the $1^{st}$ Respondent's certificate of title was done in a manner that was well designed by the applicant jointly with the 3^rd and 4^th Respondents to inflict and undermine the powers of this court and the Judiciary in general; - k. The $1^{st}$ Respondent filed an application for contempt of court orders in vide Miscellaneous Application No.0450 of 2023 and the same is pending determination.

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## 9. Legal representation

Counsel Nappa Geoffrey represented the Applicant, Counsel Emmanuel 10. Wamimbi represented the 2^nd Respondent while the 1^st Respondent was not represented by advocate.

#### 11. **Determination of court**

#### 12. **Submissions**

13. At the hearing of this Application Counsel for both the Applicant and the 1^st Respondent were given schedules within which to file their respective written submissions which they complied to.

#### 14. **Submissions by counsel for the Applicant**

- 15. Counsel submitted that court may, upon application, order any pleading to be struck out on the grounds that it discloses no reasonable cause of action or answer and, in any such case, or in case of the suit or defence being shown by the pleadings to be frivolous or vexatious, may order the suit to be stayed or dismissed or judgment to be entered accordingly, as may be just. He contended that the 1^st Respondent did not enjoy any right as to the Amendment order that was issued on the 3^rd day of November by the 4^th Respondent which cancelled and expunged the suit land from the register as compared to the Applicant who enjoyed the right as being the bonafide owner of the Suit land. He prayed that the plaint in civil suit No.47 of 2023 be rejected for failure to disclose a cause of action. - Counsel added that the orders prayed for in the main suit do not disclose 16. a cause of action for reasons that on 3^rd November 2023 the Land Certificate of title issued to the $1^{st}$ Respondent was cancelled by the $4^{th}$ Respondent, Commissioner Land Registration under Instrument No. MBA-00009479 because it had been erroneously created which makes Civil Suit No.047 of 2023 to be over taken by events.

#### Submissions by counsel for the $1^{st}$ Respondent 17.

18. Counsel submitted that HCCS No.047 of 2023 is not over taken by events and cannot be struck off and that this application is incompetent and misconceived which ought to be dismissed with costs.

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- 19. He added that the Applicant and the $1^st$ respondent are in antagonism over the suit property since the Applicant purchased the suit property in July 2004 and became registered on the said leasehold certificate of title on 26^th July 2004 but never bothered to renew or extend the same before its expiry in 2009, she also never bothered to either convert the same and the suit property having reverted back to the controlling authority, it was viable for any new applicant subject to the approval process of granting relevant minutes from relevant offices. - 20. The $2^{nd}$ Respondent applied for and was granted ownership in the suit property which he later transferred to the 1^st Respondent who got registered on the certificate of title on 17^th May 2023 and took possession thereof. However, the commissioner land registration issued calling letters to cancel a certificate of title which was already subject to proceedings in this court which is a grave assault on the sanctity on the powers and independency of the Judiciary. - 21. The commissioner land registration cited fraud in his summons and decisions yet it is only the High court clothed with the jurisdiction to investigate fraud in property acquisition and had no powers to make conclusive decisions on a matter which is subject to proceedings in court and the Applicant, together with the 3^rd and 4^th Respondents hurriedly made administrative decisions to frustrate a matter which was already under court investigation. - 22. **Analysis of court** - 23. The issue for this court to determine in this Application is whether Civil Suit No.047 of 2023 is over taken by events for reasons that the certificate of title comprised in LRV MBA34 Folio 24 Plot 31 Sebei Avenue, Sebei Cell in Mbale Municipality was cancelled. Secondly, whether following that background, Civil Suit No. 047 of 2023 discloses no cause of action? - 24. Order 7 Rule 11 (a) of the Civil Procedure Rules SI 71-1 provides that; "The plaint shall be rejected here it does not discloses a cause of action"

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# 25. Order 6 Rule 30 of the Civil Procedure Rules SI 71-1 provides that-

"(1) The court may, upon application, order any pleading to be struck out on the ground that it discloses no reasonable cause of action or answer and, in any such case, or in case of the suit or defence being shown by the pleadings to be frivolous or vexatious, may order the suit to be stayed or dismissed or judgment to be entered accordingly, as may be just."

- It is trite that a cause of action has three ingredients, that is to say; the 25. plaintiff enjoyed a right, that right was violated and the defendant is liable. See: Auto garage & others Vs Motokov (No.3) (1971) EA at 519 and Tororo Cement Co Ltd V Frokina International Ltd Civil Appeal No. 2/2001. - In the instant case, the 1^st Respondent on 28^th of July, 2023 instituted 26. Civil Suit No. 047 of 2023 seeking to protect his interest in LRV MBA 34 FOLIO 24 PLOT 31 Sebei Avenue Cell Mbale Municipality measuring approximately 0.2790 Ha. On the same day, the 1^st Respondent further instituted Miscellaneous Application No. 0237 of 2023 seeking for interim relief maintaining the status quo of registration of the subject matter until determination of the main suit among other orders. The interim order was granted on $1^{st}$ of September, 2023. - Counsel submitted for the Applicant that the orders prayed for in the main 27. suit do not disclose a cause of action for reasons that on 3^rd November 2023 the Land Certificate of title issued to the 1^st Respondent was cancelled by the 4^th Respondent, Commissioner Land Registration under Instrument No. MBA-00009479 because it had been erroneously created which makes Civil Suit No.047 of 2023 to be over taken by events. - However, looking at the date when Civil Suit No. 047 of 2023 was 28. instituted, it was instituted before the order for cancellation was issued by the $4^{th}$ Respondent. - Secondly, a court order stopping the 4^th Respondent from cancelling the 1^st 29. Respondent's title and another order allowing the 1^st Respondent to continue

being the registered proprietor of LRV MBA 34 FOLIO 24 PLOT 31 Sebei Avenue Cell Mbale Municipality were issued on 1^st of September, 2023 still before the 1^st Respondent's title was cancelled.

- 30. In the circumstance, by implication, the 4^th Respondent's order cancelling the 1^st Respondent's title issued during the subsistence of the court order, was in contempt. - 31. That being the position, it cannot be said that by virtual of cancellation of the 1^st Respondent's certificate of title, Civil Suit No. 047 of 2023 does not disclose a cause of action for being overtaken by events. - 32. In the final result, I find that Civil Suit No. 047 of 2023 discloses a cause of action and not overtaken by events. - 33. This application is accordingly dismissed. - 34. Costs are awarded to the $1^{st}$ Respondent.

I so order

**LUBEGA FAROUQ JUDGE**

3^rd MAY, 2024

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